The annual Summer Doctoral Programme (SDP) brings together outstanding doctoral students from around the world for a fortnight of study with our faculty and colleagues in a multi-disciplinary environment that aims to provide constructive advice and support for students’ doctoral thesis research. My work proposed a theoretical framework for multiple states of privacy and the application of scientific theory to non-science disciplines.

12. Why Privacy?

13. Discipline Specificity

17. Problem
● Research across disciplines suffers because
there is no unifed mechanism for measurement
● Computer science has focussed on policy
enforcement, ontologies and taxonomies
● Nobody looks at individual privacy preferences
in a given environment, which is the basis for
legislation
– And also how requirements must be derived

18. 2 Examples
● Facebook
● Twitter

19. People on Facebook

20. People on Facebook

23. Versus

26. Hypothesis
● Disregarding the value-based approach to
privacy, it's possible to dervie a finite
representation based on discrete factors
● The representation can be used to understand
privacy betteracross disciplines
– Standardization
– Measurement
– Management

27. Theoretical Framework
● Scientific / mathematical determinism
● Plus.

28. The States
1)Private: existence is unknown
2)Unidentified: presence is known
3)Anonymous: information known but no identity
4)Masked: identity linkage is concealed
5)De-identified: identity is not directly linked
6)Pseudonymous: identity is falsefied
7)Confidential: identity is known for a specific purpose
8)Identified: capable of being distinguised
9)Public: everything is known and assigned

30. Factors
● Human: considerations when privacy decisions
are made
● Technology: services that computers perform
related to information management
● Data Types: types of identifiable information
● Recepient: machine v. human
● Architecture: characteristics of the physical
environment

31. Human
● Human privacy rules are specific to the establishment;
they are reflected in the physical structure and
properties of society
● Each individual has a social contact threshold which
determines how they exercise their privacy rights
● Examples:
● Subject matter of the object
● Control of disclosure, information, audience
● Social structure and condition
● Visibility
● Expectations

32. Data Types
● Notion of privacy as information protection is
well represented in legislaiton and regulation
across the world
● Less widely used is the notion of identifiability:
that data exists that may or may not include the
traditional identifiers, e.g. Name, but may still
uniquely identify a person
● What is more private: a phone number or a
prescription?

33. Technology
● Computers are generally accepted to be an effective tool
for information management; used to acquire, organize,
retrieve, search and maintain information
● This happens increasingly without human intervention
● When it comes to managing information about an
identifiable person, there are a discrete number of
functions that computers can provide
● Examples:
● Network, hosting, registration, mail, website/portal, software,
backup

34. Proposed Formalization
1) Sn = w H f (H )+ wD f (D)+ wT f (T )
2) f (Factor) = (w1F1 + w2 F2 +... + wn Fn )
3) The more positive the individual factors, the
higher to total result of the factor set, the more
likely the individual will move to a lower state of
privacy, Sm>Sn

35. Transitions
● Forward
● I disclose about me, my objects
● You disclose about me, my objects
● Backward
● information redaction
● information protection

36. Questions For You
● How do people make decisions?
● Specifically in social situations?
● How does space change behaviour?
● Any suggestions for testing?
● What are the other disciplines that talk about
space, privacy, representation of self?
● Suggestions on theoretical frameworks?

37. An Offer