Key questions for year 12 course
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This document outlines key questions related to philosophy of religion across 5 sections. Section 1 addresses questions about the nature of deductive arguments, proofs, religion and conceptions of God. It also discusses problems of evil and religious language. Section 2 focuses on religious experiences, the nature of faith, motivations for belief and concepts of sin and salvation. Section 3 explores the role of religion in politics and society, challenges followers may face, and issues of living in a multicultural environment with different religious beliefs.
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How does
each
religion respond to the problems of evil and suffering?
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What factors account for these differences?
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Maximum Points
Introduce how each of the five religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism) responds to or address the problems of evil and suffering.
68
Compare the five religions and identify commonalities or similarities between them in addressing both the problem of evil and the problem of suffering.
40
Compare the five religions and identify differences between the five religions and how they address the problem of evil and the problem of suffering.
40
Discuss the factors that account for these differences in how the five religions address the problem of evil and the problem of suffering.
40
Describe which way of addressing evil is the most similar to the student's personal belief system. What role does reason play in your personal understanding of evil? How does that overlap or contradict with the major religions' uses of reason in explaining evil?
48
Style (8 points):
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Total:
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very short introduction
Dr. Bruce Hiebert
© 2013
Used by permission. This document may be freely copied and distributed for
academic instructional purposes.
1. A complex subject
2. The problem of religion
Hard to define
Many types
Religion and violence
3. Combining ethics and religion
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Models of separation or antagonism
And then there are the different religions
4. Conclusion
1. A complex subject
While ethics is a complex subject in its own right, religion is no
less complex an area to study. Combining the two creates a
situation where any reasonable scholar runs and hides. The
complexities are piled so high and deep that no reasonable
answers can be developed, let alone sustained in the midst of the
conflicting claims of both fields. However, the importance of the
subject is so great that the attempt must be made. Religious
ethics are a prominent aspect of every culture and to neglect the
interaction leaves people ill equipped to function effectively in a
pluralistic society. So it is in the interests of providing a few tools
to help comprehend the complexities of this normal social
situation that this essay proposes to examine in a very brief way
this extremely difficult combination of issues.
PAGE 2
Hiebert: Religion and ethics 2013-05
In order to do so, the first problem is to define religion itself.
While religion seems obvious at first glance, it turns out to be very
difficult to pin down to any simple understanding that can then
be brought into association with ethics. Tied to that is the very
frightening problem of religious violence, an issue that by itself
seems to end the ability to examine this issue.
However, when ethics and religion are brought together it is
highly revealing regarding a number of important clashes in
contemporary Western culture. Religion flourishes within
Western culture, even though it is formally secular.
Understanding religious ethics turns out to create significant
illumination around such issues as abortion, environmental
protection, and the value of pluralism itself. That does not mean
there is any social agreement to be found. But in a pluralistic
society one of the hopes is that by understanding the parties,
solutions to the clashes can be negotiated, or if not solutions,
then reasonable compromises.
2. The problem of religion
Religion is a problem, not because of its adherents, but because
of its diversity. Human responses to life that may be called
religious run from the atheist (no gods) to the polytheist (many
gods), and include thousands of variations in between. Finding a
single definition is difficult, let alone a single frame of reference
for that diversity. Regardless a definition needs to be attempted
if there is any hope of determining what the subject is of our
analysis.
Hard to define
One definition that offers significant analytical po ...
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Assignment 1: The Problems of Evil and Suffering
All human beings encounter pain and suffering in life. This can present some difficult questions to organized religions.
On some level, all religions answer fundamental questions of human existence, including, "why are we here?" Pain and suffering complicate these basic questions of human existence, whether the religion is monotheistic, polytheistic, or atheistic.
Some people endure much more pain and suffering than others. Why is this so? What is the origin of suffering? Is evil external or internal? Does it have any meaning? How should we respond to it?
Even more difficult is the problem of moral evil: some people deliberately cause other people to suffer. Why? If there is meaning in the universe, and especially if the universe is ruled by a beneficent deity, how can this be?
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How does
each
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How are those responses similar?
In what ways do the responses differ?
What factors account for these differences?
Which way of addressing evil is the most similar to your own? What role does reason play in your personal understanding of evil? How does that overlap or contradict with the major religions' uses of reason in explaining evil?
Assignment 1 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Introduce how each of the five religions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism) responds to or address the problems of evil and suffering.
68
Compare the five religions and identify commonalities or similarities between them in addressing both the problem of evil and the problem of suffering.
40
Compare the five religions and identify differences between the five religions and how they address the problem of evil and the problem of suffering.
40
Discuss the factors that account for these differences in how the five religions address the problem of evil and the problem of suffering.
40
Describe which way of addressing evil is the most similar to the student's personal belief system. What role does reason play in your personal understanding of evil? How does that overlap or contradict with the major religions' uses of reason in explaining evil?
48
Style (8 points):
Tone, audience, and word choice
Organization (16 points):
Introduction, transitions, and conclusion
Usage and Mechanics (16 points):
Grammar, spelling, and sentence structure
APA Elements (24 points):
In-text citations and references, paraphrasing, and appropriate use of quotations and other elements of style
64
Total:
300
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Religion & Ethics: A
very short introduction
Dr. Bruce Hiebert
© 2013
Used by permission. This document may be freely copied and distributed for
academic instructional purposes.
1. A complex subject
2. The problem of religion
Hard to define
Many types
Religion and violence
3. Combining ethics and religion
Models of compromise and cooperation
Models of separation or antagonism
And then there are the different religions
4. Conclusion
1. A complex subject
While ethics is a complex subject in its own right, religion is no
less complex an area to study. Combining the two creates a
situation where any reasonable scholar runs and hides. The
complexities are piled so high and deep that no reasonable
answers can be developed, let alone sustained in the midst of the
conflicting claims of both fields. However, the importance of the
subject is so great that the attempt must be made. Religious
ethics are a prominent aspect of every culture and to neglect the
interaction leaves people ill equipped to function effectively in a
pluralistic society. So it is in the interests of providing a few tools
to help comprehend the complexities of this normal social
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this extremely difficult combination of issues.
PAGE 2
Hiebert: Religion and ethics 2013-05
In order to do so, the first problem is to define religion itself.
While religion seems obvious at first glance, it turns out to be very
difficult to pin down to any simple understanding that can then
be brought into association with ethics. Tied to that is the very
frightening problem of religious violence, an issue that by itself
seems to end the ability to examine this issue.
However, when ethics and religion are brought together it is
highly revealing regarding a number of important clashes in
contemporary Western culture. Religion flourishes within
Western culture, even though it is formally secular.
Understanding religious ethics turns out to create significant
illumination around such issues as abortion, environmental
protection, and the value of pluralism itself. That does not mean
there is any social agreement to be found. But in a pluralistic
society one of the hopes is that by understanding the parties,
solutions to the clashes can be negotiated, or if not solutions,
then reasonable compromises.
2. The problem of religion
Religion is a problem, not because of its adherents, but because
of its diversity. Human responses to life that may be called
religious run from the atheist (no gods) to the polytheist (many
gods), and include thousands of variations in between. Finding a
single definition is difficult, let alone a single frame of reference
for that diversity. Regardless a definition needs to be attempted
if there is any hope of determining what the subject is of our
analysis.
Hard to define
One definition that offers significant analytical po ...
Religion Definition Essay
Religion Essays
What Is Religion?
Defining Religion Essay
Defining Religion Essay
Religion : What Is It?
Defining Religion
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Week-1.pdf
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2. Students are asked to list things they believe in, describe a religious item or ritual from their own faith, and interview family members about their religious beliefs and practices.
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A4. What about other religions?
This document discusses three common challenges to the truth claims of Christianity from other religions:
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Key questions for year 12 course
- 1. SECTION 1 Part 1 Key Questions What is a deductive argument? What constitutes a proof? What is religion? What are the necessary conditions for something to be considered a religion? Is philosophy a threat to religion? What is our conception of ‘God? Define the main characteristics. Part 2 Key Questions What is a non- religious worldview? How does a non- religious worldview shape the person’s view of the world? How has the concept of God been perceived according to Nihilism, atheism, agnosticism and post- theism? Part 3 Key Questions Can we prove the existence of God through reasoning or experience? Outline the classical arguments (cosmological, teleological, ontological) and the counter arguments to these. Part 4 Key Questions What is moral evil? What is natural evil? Why is there a problem of evil and suffering? (outline the inconsistent triad) How can we respond to the problem of evil and suffering? (outline the classical theodicies- which is the Christian defence in the face of evil and suffering) What is process theodicy? Part 5 Key Questions What is the problem of religious language? What are cognitive theories of meaning? What are non-cognitive theories of meaning? Can we speak of God meaningfully?
- 2. To what extent can language, ritual and symbol help us understand the divine? SECTION 2 Part 1 Key Questions Should we trust our own religious experiences and the experiences of others? (Consider the points put forward by Swinburne) What are the features of a religious experience? What are the types of religious experiences? Outline the argument from religious experience? (What does it attempt to prove) Outline the main criticisms of the argument from religious experience. Part 2 Key Questions What is faith? To what extent is evidence needed for one to have faith? Why does religion exist? Part 3 Key Questions What is the relationship of reason and evidence to religious faith and belief? Can we prove the existence of a higher being through reasoning or experience? What motivates people to believe in God? Part 4 Key Questions What is the human condition in relation to sin? Is there a need for human beings to be saved? What are the different religious traditions teachings on sin and salvation? SECTION 3 Part 1 Key Questions To what extent should religion and belief play a part on the political front? How do theocratic states function and are they a viable way for people to live together in harmony?
- 3. Part 2 Key Questions What are some of the problems followers of religion might face related to religion? How can religious teaching on gender be reconcilable with living in the 21 st Century? Part 3 Key Questions What are some of the problems people might face living in a multicultural environment? Can people of different religions live together harmoniously? Should religion be blamed for all the conflict in the world today?