Kenya and Ontario both have early childhood education programs from birth to age 9, but they differ in administration, philosophy, and structure. In Kenya, ECD is overseen by the Ministry of Education and focuses on holistic child development. Evaluation involves national and district centers that train teachers and coordinate the program. Ontario's ECE is managed by individual child care centers and Toronto Children's Services, emphasizing learning through play across developmental domains. Evaluation includes program consultants and operating criteria. While both aim to support children's healthy growth, Kenya's program has less funding and oversight than Ontario's.

1. KENYA<br />EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT (ECD)<br />Process of emotional, mental, spiritual, moral, physical and social development of children from birth to 9 years.<br />ECD is under the responsibility of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. Kenya is the only African nation with an established early childhood education program.<br />HISTORY AND EVOLUTION<br />British colonial rule 1940’s <br />Mau Mau wars of independence<br />Kenyan independence 1963<br />PHILOSOPHY<br />NACECE/DICECE has adopted a holistic approach to the development of the child. <br />EVALUATION OF CHILD CARE<br />1984 – National Center for Early Childhood Education (NCECE) responsible for:<br />Training of ECCE personnel development and dissemination of curriculum identifying, designing, undertaking, and coordinating research in ECCE offering services and facilitating interactions between agencies and sponsors coordinating and liaising wit external partners informing the public about the needs and development of the program.<br />1985 – District Centers for Early Childhood Education (DICECE)<br />Training of preschool teachers and other personnel at the district level supervision and inspection of district preschool programs<br />Coordinating opportunities for communication and networking among ECEs of ECE and care<br />Building capacity and leadership between profession, communities and stakeholder groups to advocate for children and families<br /> <br />VS. ONTARIO<br />EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION (ECE)<br />Learning through play, focuses on five developmental domains (social, physical, intelligence, creative, emotional)<br />Under provincial legislation, Toronto Children’s Services has the responsibility for planning and managing broad range of child care services. These child care services include fee subsidy, wage subside, family resource centres, specials needs resourcing and summer day camps. <br />TCS is committed to the promotion and delivery of quality child care and had Program Consultant that makes unannounced visits to child care centres and uses the Operating Criteria. Child Care Centres must meet quality above DNA.<br />TCS is under Ontario’s Ministry of Education. <br />HISTORY AND EVOLUTION<br />Industrialization 19th-20th century<br />Post World War I & The Depression 1900’s<br />World War II<br />Labour shortages<br />PHILOSOPHY<br />Every child care centre has its own philosophy. <br />Treat child as a whole.<br />EVALUATION OF CHILD CARE<br />1946 – Ontario establishes the Day Nurseries Act<br />1946 – Toronto Nursery Education Association established <br />Evolved into the Association of Early Childhood Educators Ontario (AECEO) responsible for:<br />Support professional growth of ECE through the provision and promotion of ongoing professional development training and best practices advocating on behalf of the profession promoting and supporting quality early learning and care as an integral part of a child’s healthy development disseminating research, educational resources and topical information about learning and care to the public, governments and other related professional <br />Mobilization of communities, through the preschool, to improve the care, health, nutrition, and education of young children development of preschool curriculum participation in the evaluation of preschool programs<br />Carrying out basic research on the status of preschool age children in and out of school<br />PROGRAM STRUCTURE<br />Nursery school, Pre-Unit Class, Kindergarten Day Nursery, Play Group, Madrassa, Home Based <br />Each child care centre has its own schedule but its own schedule but it is structured towards education.<br />AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITYAvailable from birth to 9 years old<br />Unlike Primary Education (Gr. 1-8), child care is not free.<br />Accessible to everyone that has $.<br />ROLE OF ECE<br />Primary health and nutrition provider next to the parents. Teach life principles to children. Teach about health and safety. Help children get ready for Standard One Grade 1 examination. Be responsible and care for the children. Provide a healthy and clean environment. Provide healthy meals and snacks. Provide safe, clean drinking water. Must provide active learning. Knowledge of te Guidelines of ECD. Understanding, enjoy working with children. Must have good relationship with families.<br />SALARY OF ECE<br />7,000 Kenyan shilling/month – varies in different areas <br />$80.00/month CAD<br />Making known to parents and the general public the value and importance of ECE and Educators and facilitating certification and supporting equivalency of ECE. <br />PROGRAM STRUCTURE <br />Licensed and unlicensed child care centre<br />Home based, live-in caregivers programs<br />Each child care centre has its own flexible schedule and based on the child’s interest. <br />AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY <br />4 mos to 12 years old<br />ROLE OF ECE<br />Plain curriculum, work within the guiding philosophy of the centre, flexible, knowledge of child development and guidance<br />Provide supervision, meeting individual needs of children, ability to observe and report on child’s development<br />Patience, caring, respectful of children and families<br />Relaxed. Calm, creative, fun and has a great sense of humour. <br />Able to provide feedback and communicate effectively with children and parents. <br />Knowledge of DNA, Quality Child care and early and lifelong development of children<br />Provide and prepare nutritious meals and snacks <br />Ability to lead children to fun and engaging activities <br />SALARY OF ECE$12.00 - $18.00 Starting rate/hour<br />TRAINING OF ECE<br />5 weeks short course introduced by World Bank followed by 2 year in-servicing training programme <br />Teacher can have Primary (Elementary) or <br />Secondary (High School) education depending on area<br />Must have 2 year Training with DICECE<br />After the 2 – 2 year in-service Course the qualified teacher is awarded in Preschool Teacher Certificate. <br />2 year diploma programs, bachelor’s degree and master’s<br />TRAINING OF ECE<br />1967 – Community colleges established, offering 2 year Early Childhood Education diploma program<br />One must be a member of the College of Early Childhood Educators to be called Registed E.C.E. <br />2 year diploma programs, bachelor’s degree and master’s.<br />By: Annafel, Darlene, Elmen, Jeba, Kala<br />