Rizal wrote Katamaran ng mga Pilipino to refute claims that Filipinos were indolent by nature. He acknowledged that indolence existed but argued it was due to external factors like climate, lack of education, and mistreatment under Spanish rule. These factors disrupted economic activities and discouraged work. Rizal concluded that education and independence from Spain would help address the root causes of perceived Filipino indolence.

1. Katamaran ng mga pilipino

2. Katamaran ng mga pilipino
 La Indolencia de los Filipinos
 Published in La Solidaridad
 July 15 to September 15, 1890

3. Katamaran ng mga pilipino
 Written by Dr. Jose Rizal as a
response to the accusation of Filipino
indolence
 He admits the existence of indolence
among the Filipinos, but it could be
attributed to a number of reasons
 He traces its causes to factors such as
the climate and social disorders.

4. Katamaran ng mga pilipino
 He defends the Filipinos by saying that
they are by nature not indolent,
because in fact, even before the arrival
of Spaniards, Filipinos have been
engaged in economic activities such as
agriculture and trade.

5. Katamaran ng mga pilipino
 In the end, Rizal sums up the main
causes of indolence to the limited
training and education Filipino natives
receive and to the lack of national
sentiment and unity among them.
 Education and liberty, according to
Rizal, would be the cure to Filipino
indolence.

6. Katamaran ng mga pilipino
 Indolence therefore has more deeply
rooted causes such as abuse and
discrimination, inaction of the
government, rampant corruption and
red tape, wrong doctrines of the church
and wrong examples from some
Spaniards who lead lives of indolence
which ultimately led to the deterioration
of Filipinos values.

7. Unang Kabanata
 Dr. Sancianco in his Progreso de
Filipinas
 Past writings on indolence revolve only
on either denying or affirming. One
must study the causes of indolence
before curing it.
 The hot climate, he points out, is a
reasonable predisposition for indolence.

8. Unang Kabanata
 An hour's work under the Philippine
sun, he says, is equivalent to a day's
work in temperate regions.

9. Ikalawang Kabanata
 Rizal treated indolence as an illness and
says that an illness will worsen if the
wrong treatment is given.
 Even before the Spaniards arrived the
early Filipinos were already carrying out
trade within provinces and with other
neighboring countries

10. Ikalawang Kabanata
 They were also engaged in agriculture
and mining.
 Some natives even spoke Spanish.
 All this disproves the notion that
Filipinos are by nature indolent.
 Rizal ends by asking what then would
have caused Filipinos to forget their
past.

11. Ikatlong Kabanata
 Rizal enumerates several reasons that
may have caused the Filipinos' cultural
and economic decadence.
 The frequent wars, insurrections, and
invasions have brought disorder to the
communities.

12. Ikatlong Kabanata
 Many Filipinos have also been sent
abroad to fight wars for Spain or for
expeditions.
 Due to forced labor, many men have
been sent to shipyards to construct
vessels. Meanwhile, natives who have
had enough of abuse have gone to the
mountains.

13. Ikatlong Kabanata
 Thus population deceased in number,
thus farms have been neglected.

14. Ikaapat na kabanata
 The Spanish government has not
encouraged labor and trade
 Trade has declined because of pirate
attacks and the many restrictions
imposed by the government
 Which gives no aid for crops and
farmers.

15. Ikaapat na kabanata
 The abuse suffered under
encomenderos have caused many to
abandon the fields.
 Businesses are monopolized by many
government officials, red tape and
bribery operate on a wide scale,
rampant gambling is tolerated by the
government.

16. Ikaapat na kabanata
 This situation is compounded by the
Church's wrong doctrine which holds
that the rich will not go to heaven, thus
engendering a wrong attitude toward
work.
 There has also been discrimination in
education against natives.

17. Ikalimang kabanata
 All the causes of indolence can be
reduced to two factors.
 The first factor is the limited training
and education Filipino natives receive.
Segregated from Spaniards, Filipinos do
not receive the same opportunities that
are available to the foreigners. They are
taught to be inferior.

18. Ikalimang kabanata
 The second factor is the lack of a
national sentiment of unity among
them. Because Filipinos think they are
inferior, they submit to the foreign
culture and do everything to imitate it.
 The solution, according to Rizal, would
be education and liberty.

19. Pinag-ugatan ng katamaran
ng mga pilipino
 maraming labanan at gyerang
naranasan ang mga Pilipino kung kaya’t
natatakot silang magtrabaho dahilsa
kanilang seguridad.
 Hindi tinutulungan ng gobyerno ang
mga Pilipino.
 Ang mga sugal at bisyo ay lumaganap

20. Pinag-ugatan ng katamaran
ng mga pilipino
 Walang sapat na kasanayan
at edukasyon ang mga Pilipino
 Hindi binabayaran ang mga Pilipino
kung sila ay nagtatrabaho sa gobyerno.
 Malaki ang binabayarang buwis ng mga
Pilipino