Virgilio Enriquez
Born:November
24, 1942 in
Santol, Balagtas,
Bulacan
Father of
Filipino
Psychology
Died on August
31, 1994 at the
3.
Pakikipagkapwa (shared identity)
Definition:
This idea of “shared
self” opens up the
heart-doors of the I to
include the Other. Here,
it is not important if you
are rich or poor, or
status in society.
“People are just people
in spite of their age,
clothes, diplomas, color
or affiliations.”
Kapwa
The “unity ofthe one-of-us-and-the-
other”, according to Virgilio Enriquez
who declared the concept as a
Filipino core value.
Kapwa, meaning ‘togetherness’, is the
core construct of Filipino Psychology.
6.
2 Categories ofKapwa
1. Ibang Tao (outsider)
5 domains:
a. Pakikitungo: civility
b. Pakikisalamuha: act of mixing
c. Pakikilahok: act of joining
d. Pakikibagay: conformity
e. Pakikisama: being united with the
group
7.
2 Categories ofKapwa
2. Hindi Ibang Tao (one-of-us)
3 domains:
a. Pakikipagpalagayang-loob: act
of mutual trust
b. Pakikisangkot: act of joining
others
c. Pakikipagkaisa: being one with
others.
8.
Pakikiramdam: A PivotalValue
Definition:
Filipinos use damdam,
or the inner perception
of others’ emotions, as a
basic tool to guide his
dealings with other
people. It characterizes
Filipino emotion.
Enriquez named this
emotional quality
“shared perception”.
9.
Kapwa: Core Valueof Philippine
Value
As a general description, the distinct
value system of Philippine people can
be summarized and summed up into
having dominant characteristics of
moderation or having just enough or
being sufficient, having the family as
the center and priority in life, trust in
God, nationalistic traditions of
independence,
10.
cooperation and unity,charity, heroism,
group participation, friendship and
companionship, sense of justice and
equality, concept of human dignity and
human rights, non-violence, historical
awakening, environmental consciousness,
and the emergence of empowered people
and nation. Filipinos are known to be
hospitable.
11.
Pakikisama/Pakikipagkapwa
To Filipinos, “pakikisama”is a very
important trait. “Pakikisama” is the
ability of a person to get along with
others to maintain good and
harmonious relationships. It implies
camaraderie and togetherness in a
group and the cause of one’s being
socially accepted.
Pakikisama/Pakikipagkapwa
One goodaspect of pakikisama exists
within close family kinship and is
interpreted as helping each other.
Pakikisama is defined as an apathy
towards others with the readiness to
help.
