USED WITH PERMISSION by Berean Guide
The Author of the NATIONAL JURY LAW is:
ATTY MARLOWE CAMELLO
email: mcamello@verizon.net
The Chairman of Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative (PH) Inc. is:
DAISY ARCILLA BRETT-HOLT
email: daisyabh2@gmail.com
The Author of the NATIONAL JURY LAW
ATTY MARLOWE CAMELLO
The Chairman of Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative (PH) Inc. is:
DAISY ARCILLA BRETT-HOLT
email: daisyabh2@gmail.com
The document discusses women's rights in India as outlined by the constitution. It notes that the constitution guarantees gender equality and empowers the state to adopt affirmative action for women. It summarizes some key rights like equality, non-discrimination, equal pay, protection from domestic violence, sexual harassment, and inheritance rights. The document also outlines some laws and organizations established to protect women's safety, health, political participation, and development in India.
The document discusses the concepts of equality and discrimination under law. It defines equality, explores different types such as equality before the law and substantive equality. It also examines positive discrimination/affirmative action and criticisms against it. Discrimination is defined as different treatment that disadvantages a group, with grounds including gender, race, disability and marital status. The document also outlines anti-discrimination law and how courts scrutinize discriminatory practices and claims of discrimination.
This document discusses gender laws and women's rights in India over several decades. It summarizes that:
1) Women in India have historically faced discrimination and patriarchal norms upheld by society and the state.
2) Beginning in the late 1970s, an autonomous women's movement advocated for gender equity and legal reforms around issues like rape laws, sexual harassment, and banning sex-selective abortion.
3) While some progressive laws were passed, their implementation and enforcement has been lacking, and crimes against women have continued to rise. Stricter punishment has not necessarily led to more convictions.
Juvenile Justice in Different Countries
Age of Criminal responsibility and Treatment of Juvenile Offenders
A Compilation by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
The Immoral Traffic (prevention) Act, 1956PathroseKRaju
The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act was enacted in 1956 and amended in 1978 and 1986 to combat human trafficking and regulate prostitution in India. It punishes trafficking, operating brothels, and living off the earnings of prostitution. The Act aims to rehabilitate and provide welfare for victims, including establishing protective homes. However, it has been criticized for criminalizing women in prostitution while not penalizing clients. Several sections are aimed at "rescue" and rehabilitation of victims but have potential for misuse against consenting adults.
This document discusses various aspects of electoral systems, including:
1. Universal adult suffrage is adopted in most countries, giving all adults the right to vote regardless of attributes like gender or race.
2. Territoral representation divides the electorate into constituencies that each elect one representative, promoting local accountability but risking parochialism.
3. Functional representation could give separate representation to different social groups but is complex to implement and risks undermining national unity.
USED WITH PERMISSION by Berean Guide
The Author of the NATIONAL JURY LAW is:
ATTY MARLOWE CAMELLO
email: mcamello@verizon.net
The Chairman of Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative (PH) Inc. is:
DAISY ARCILLA BRETT-HOLT
email: daisyabh2@gmail.com
The Author of the NATIONAL JURY LAW
ATTY MARLOWE CAMELLO
The Chairman of Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative (PH) Inc. is:
DAISY ARCILLA BRETT-HOLT
email: daisyabh2@gmail.com
The document discusses women's rights in India as outlined by the constitution. It notes that the constitution guarantees gender equality and empowers the state to adopt affirmative action for women. It summarizes some key rights like equality, non-discrimination, equal pay, protection from domestic violence, sexual harassment, and inheritance rights. The document also outlines some laws and organizations established to protect women's safety, health, political participation, and development in India.
The document discusses the concepts of equality and discrimination under law. It defines equality, explores different types such as equality before the law and substantive equality. It also examines positive discrimination/affirmative action and criticisms against it. Discrimination is defined as different treatment that disadvantages a group, with grounds including gender, race, disability and marital status. The document also outlines anti-discrimination law and how courts scrutinize discriminatory practices and claims of discrimination.
This document discusses gender laws and women's rights in India over several decades. It summarizes that:
1) Women in India have historically faced discrimination and patriarchal norms upheld by society and the state.
2) Beginning in the late 1970s, an autonomous women's movement advocated for gender equity and legal reforms around issues like rape laws, sexual harassment, and banning sex-selective abortion.
3) While some progressive laws were passed, their implementation and enforcement has been lacking, and crimes against women have continued to rise. Stricter punishment has not necessarily led to more convictions.
Juvenile Justice in Different Countries
Age of Criminal responsibility and Treatment of Juvenile Offenders
A Compilation by HAQ: Centre for Child Rights
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
The Immoral Traffic (prevention) Act, 1956PathroseKRaju
The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act was enacted in 1956 and amended in 1978 and 1986 to combat human trafficking and regulate prostitution in India. It punishes trafficking, operating brothels, and living off the earnings of prostitution. The Act aims to rehabilitate and provide welfare for victims, including establishing protective homes. However, it has been criticized for criminalizing women in prostitution while not penalizing clients. Several sections are aimed at "rescue" and rehabilitation of victims but have potential for misuse against consenting adults.
This document discusses various aspects of electoral systems, including:
1. Universal adult suffrage is adopted in most countries, giving all adults the right to vote regardless of attributes like gender or race.
2. Territoral representation divides the electorate into constituencies that each elect one representative, promoting local accountability but risking parochialism.
3. Functional representation could give separate representation to different social groups but is complex to implement and risks undermining national unity.
Empowerment of women and Legal Provision
Dr. Vibhuti Patel,
Director, PGSR & Professor & Head,
Department of Economics, SNDT Women’s University,
Churchgate, Mumbai-400020.
E-mail- vibhuti.np@gmail.com Phone-91-022-26770227, mobile-9321040048
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women are as follows:
Fundamental Rights ensure empowerment of women thro’
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3)- empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16- provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
The directive Principals ensure empowerment of women thro’
• Article 39- enjoins the state to provide an
– adequate means of livelihood to men and women and
– Equal pay for equal work
– Article 42- State to ensure the provision for just and humane condition of work and maternity relief.
• Fundamental duties
• Article 51v (A) (e) - fundamental duty on every citizen to renounce the practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• Financial Accountability
• Article 151- reports relating to the accounts of the Union and states to be prepared and placed before the Parliament and State legislatures respectively.
Articulation of the demands and alternatives suggested by the women’s movement constantly refer to the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India such as
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3) that empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16 that provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
When the government of India signed the UN charter on Equality, Development and Peace in 1975, the process of gender audit in the governance got an official stamp. In 1976, the Equal Remuneration Act was enacted to provide equal opportunities, equal treatment and equal wages for work of similar nature. NGOs have been consistently doing public scrutiny of Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and specific provisions for women in general labour laws, The Factories Act, 1948 – Section 34 provides that the State government can lay down rules prescribing weights that may be carried by men and women, The Contract Labour (Abolition and Regulation) Act and Rules- that separate provision of utilities for women and fixed working hours.
Though these laws have proper implementation mechanisms, there is no provision for monitoring the effect of these laws on women. Allowance for special provisions for women have often proven to be detrimental to their employment opportunities. Participation of workingwomen in the decision-making processes in the industrial and agrarian relations is abysmally low. Women’s access to legal service largely remains inadequate in spite of the legal service Act, 1987.
women empowerment is necessary as "WOMEN ARE HONORED WHERE , DIGNITY BLOSSOMS THERE" so women should know their rights and prepare for every life challenging situation
Victim Protection in Sri Lanka: An Analysis of the Existing Laws in Relation ...bhagya913
An Analysis of the existing laws on victim protection in relation to the victims of offences of gender based violence in Sri Lanka, along with the existing international standards.
India is a democratic country where the government is elected by the people and runs with the consent of the people. Democracy improves decision making and provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts while also enhancing citizens' dignity. Rights are fundamental to democracy's survival as they allow people to make claims over society and government. The judiciary aims to protect constitutional values while bureaucracy serves the legislature, but corruption in these systems undermines democracy. For true democracy, all citizens must have equal access to information, education, and resources.
The document discusses the concept of justice and human rights. It defines justice as the virtue that regulates people's relationships and obligations to each other and society. There are three types of justice: legal justice between individuals and society; commutative justice between individuals; and distributive justice between society and individuals. The document also outlines natural rights that are inherent and universal, as well as legal rights bestowed by governments. Some examples of civil, political, and economic rights are provided.
The document provides an outline for a course on legal literacy in India. It aims to make students aware of India's legal system and key laws. The course is divided into 3 units: [1] the structure of India's legal system and courts, [2] an overview of important laws like the constitution, criminal code, and personal laws, and [3] how citizens can access legal aid and enforce their rights. Students will visit legal institutions and complete practical assignments like interviewing litigants or drafting legal documents. The course aims to give students a basic working knowledge of navigating the legal system and understanding their rights and duties.
Women and their legal rights in India_WomenPowerConnectRachna Shanbog
The document summarizes the key legal rights and protections for women in India as outlined in the country's constitution and laws. It discusses how gender equality is enshrined in the constitution and the various constitutional provisions guaranteeing women's rights. It then outlines laws protecting women from violence and discrimination at home and in public spaces, including protections from domestic violence, dowry harassment, sexual harassment at work, equal pay, and maternity benefits. Special initiatives aimed at advancing women's interests are also discussed.
The principles of democracy include popular sovereignty, where the authority of the government comes from the people; rule of law, where everyone including government officials are accountable to the law; federalism, where power is divided between national and local governments; separation of powers, where power is distributed among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches; checks and balances, where each branch has control over the others; judicial review, where the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional; and limited government, where the government's power is restricted.
The United States has a federal system of government in which power is shared between the national government and the state governments. States were originally sovereign entities that created the federal government and established county and local governments through their own constitutions. There are different types of local governments including counties, townships, municipalities, and special districts. County governments provide services to citizens and are established by state governments. City governments must receive charters from their state and have elected councils and mayors.
REASONS OF UNSTABLE DEMOCRATIC SETUP IN PAKISTANabdullahkhalid50
There are many reasons for Pakistan's unstable democratic system, including internal and external factors. Internally, political instability stems from a lack of strong leadership, confrontations between government institutions, and poor relations between the central and provincial governments. Additional internal challenges include social, economic, and religious divisions within Pakistan. Externally, foreign interference and the country's strategic location have also undermined democratic stability.
The constitution is South Africa's supreme law and establishes fundamental principles for governing the country, including protecting citizens' rights. Key legislation influencing libraries includes the National Library Act, Promotion of Access to Information Act, and Batho Pele principles for public service. The constitution and relevant legislation guide the delivery of library services and require compliance with laws, bylaws, policies, and codes of conduct. Workplace conduct and performance must adhere to these requirements as well as organizational and individual work ethics.
The document discusses the seven key principles of democracy in the United States as outlined in the US Constitution:
1) Popular sovereignty - Political power rests with the people who can create, alter and abolish their government.
2) Limited government - The government is restricted to only the powers granted in the Constitution.
3) Federalism - Power is distributed between the national, state and local governments.
4) Republicanism - The people vote for representatives to make laws on their behalf.
5) Separation of powers - Each branch of government has distinct powers to prevent abuse of power.
6) Checks and balances - Each branch oversees the others to prevent overreach and keep things balanced
The document discusses various behaviors that may or may not be considered criminal violations of the law depending on location. Chewing gum is illegal in Singapore but sagging pants laws vary by state in the US. Singing in the bathtub is against the law in Pennsylvania. Fishing laws also differ by gender and marital status depending on the state. The document also examines why certain sex toy bans originated and still exist in some areas.
This Presentation describes various enactments relating to Women Empowerment including provisions of Indian Constitution. This also covers Protection of Human Rights of Children and Weaker sections of the Community.
The document discusses women's rights in India. It provides an overview of common violations of women's rights in India such as missing girls, dowry deaths, domestic violence, child marriage, and sexual harassment. It also outlines constitutional provisions and laws aimed at empowering women and promoting gender equality. However, it notes that deeply rooted cultural attitudes still present challenges and that further education is needed to truly achieve equal rights and empowerment for women in India.
The document discusses ensuring safety and empowerment of women in India. It outlines several issues facing women such as inequality, crimes like rape and sexual assault, and educational barriers. The government has introduced some measures like stricter rape laws and fast-track courts. Proposed solutions include sex education, safer public transport, legal awareness campaigns, and legalizing prostitution with regulations. Challenges to implementing solutions are outdated cultural beliefs, narrow-mindedness, slow government amendments, and lack of awareness and confidence among women. The conclusion stresses the need for strict implementation of existing laws and justice system rather than new laws.
It is basically a way to present information related to juvenile act , delinquency , reasons , solutions to it and act and latest statistics related to juvenile crimes and case and statements of famous personalities on this serious issue.It is presented by by students of Kanoria College BBA third year students.
And plz if u like it plz comment and clip the slides.
Top Nonprofits Fighting for Justice in the Criminal System in the U.S.Philanthropedia
Philanthropedia’s mission is to improve nonprofit effectiveness by directing money to and facilitating discussion about expert recommended high-impact nonprofits.
Top Nonprofits Fighting for Justice in the Criminal System in the U.S.Philanthropedia
Philanthropedia’s mission is to improve nonprofit effectiveness by directing money to and facilitating discussion about expert recommended high-impact nonprofits.
Crime can be defined legally as acts that break laws and are punishable by the state, or normatively as acts that violate social norms. Criminology is the study of crime, including its causes and society's responses. Crimes include felonies, serious offenses punishable by over a year in prison, and misdemeanors, less serious crimes punishable by fines and up to a year in jail. Biological, psychological, social, and economic factors may all influence why individuals commit crimes. Societies use criminal laws and punishments to deter criminal acts and protect public safety and welfare.
What is Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Crimes in India, What is Juvenile Delinquency, what are their causes and reasons, what is juvenile Justice , Comparison Between Juenile Justice Act 2000 and Juvenile Justice Act 2015, Case study, Pros and cons for Juvenile Justice Act and conclusion
Empowerment of women and Legal Provision
Dr. Vibhuti Patel,
Director, PGSR & Professor & Head,
Department of Economics, SNDT Women’s University,
Churchgate, Mumbai-400020.
E-mail- vibhuti.np@gmail.com Phone-91-022-26770227, mobile-9321040048
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women
The constitutional guarantees for empowerment of women are as follows:
Fundamental Rights ensure empowerment of women thro’
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3)- empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16- provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
The directive Principals ensure empowerment of women thro’
• Article 39- enjoins the state to provide an
– adequate means of livelihood to men and women and
– Equal pay for equal work
– Article 42- State to ensure the provision for just and humane condition of work and maternity relief.
• Fundamental duties
• Article 51v (A) (e) - fundamental duty on every citizen to renounce the practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• Financial Accountability
• Article 151- reports relating to the accounts of the Union and states to be prepared and placed before the Parliament and State legislatures respectively.
Articulation of the demands and alternatives suggested by the women’s movement constantly refer to the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of India such as
Article 14- equal rights and opportunities for men and women in the political, economic and social sphere
Article 15- prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex, religion, caste etc
Article 15(3) that empowers the State to take affirmative measures for women
Article 16 that provides for equality of opportunities in the matter of public appointments
When the government of India signed the UN charter on Equality, Development and Peace in 1975, the process of gender audit in the governance got an official stamp. In 1976, the Equal Remuneration Act was enacted to provide equal opportunities, equal treatment and equal wages for work of similar nature. NGOs have been consistently doing public scrutiny of Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and specific provisions for women in general labour laws, The Factories Act, 1948 – Section 34 provides that the State government can lay down rules prescribing weights that may be carried by men and women, The Contract Labour (Abolition and Regulation) Act and Rules- that separate provision of utilities for women and fixed working hours.
Though these laws have proper implementation mechanisms, there is no provision for monitoring the effect of these laws on women. Allowance for special provisions for women have often proven to be detrimental to their employment opportunities. Participation of workingwomen in the decision-making processes in the industrial and agrarian relations is abysmally low. Women’s access to legal service largely remains inadequate in spite of the legal service Act, 1987.
women empowerment is necessary as "WOMEN ARE HONORED WHERE , DIGNITY BLOSSOMS THERE" so women should know their rights and prepare for every life challenging situation
Victim Protection in Sri Lanka: An Analysis of the Existing Laws in Relation ...bhagya913
An Analysis of the existing laws on victim protection in relation to the victims of offences of gender based violence in Sri Lanka, along with the existing international standards.
India is a democratic country where the government is elected by the people and runs with the consent of the people. Democracy improves decision making and provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts while also enhancing citizens' dignity. Rights are fundamental to democracy's survival as they allow people to make claims over society and government. The judiciary aims to protect constitutional values while bureaucracy serves the legislature, but corruption in these systems undermines democracy. For true democracy, all citizens must have equal access to information, education, and resources.
The document discusses the concept of justice and human rights. It defines justice as the virtue that regulates people's relationships and obligations to each other and society. There are three types of justice: legal justice between individuals and society; commutative justice between individuals; and distributive justice between society and individuals. The document also outlines natural rights that are inherent and universal, as well as legal rights bestowed by governments. Some examples of civil, political, and economic rights are provided.
The document provides an outline for a course on legal literacy in India. It aims to make students aware of India's legal system and key laws. The course is divided into 3 units: [1] the structure of India's legal system and courts, [2] an overview of important laws like the constitution, criminal code, and personal laws, and [3] how citizens can access legal aid and enforce their rights. Students will visit legal institutions and complete practical assignments like interviewing litigants or drafting legal documents. The course aims to give students a basic working knowledge of navigating the legal system and understanding their rights and duties.
Women and their legal rights in India_WomenPowerConnectRachna Shanbog
The document summarizes the key legal rights and protections for women in India as outlined in the country's constitution and laws. It discusses how gender equality is enshrined in the constitution and the various constitutional provisions guaranteeing women's rights. It then outlines laws protecting women from violence and discrimination at home and in public spaces, including protections from domestic violence, dowry harassment, sexual harassment at work, equal pay, and maternity benefits. Special initiatives aimed at advancing women's interests are also discussed.
The principles of democracy include popular sovereignty, where the authority of the government comes from the people; rule of law, where everyone including government officials are accountable to the law; federalism, where power is divided between national and local governments; separation of powers, where power is distributed among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches; checks and balances, where each branch has control over the others; judicial review, where the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional; and limited government, where the government's power is restricted.
The United States has a federal system of government in which power is shared between the national government and the state governments. States were originally sovereign entities that created the federal government and established county and local governments through their own constitutions. There are different types of local governments including counties, townships, municipalities, and special districts. County governments provide services to citizens and are established by state governments. City governments must receive charters from their state and have elected councils and mayors.
REASONS OF UNSTABLE DEMOCRATIC SETUP IN PAKISTANabdullahkhalid50
There are many reasons for Pakistan's unstable democratic system, including internal and external factors. Internally, political instability stems from a lack of strong leadership, confrontations between government institutions, and poor relations between the central and provincial governments. Additional internal challenges include social, economic, and religious divisions within Pakistan. Externally, foreign interference and the country's strategic location have also undermined democratic stability.
The constitution is South Africa's supreme law and establishes fundamental principles for governing the country, including protecting citizens' rights. Key legislation influencing libraries includes the National Library Act, Promotion of Access to Information Act, and Batho Pele principles for public service. The constitution and relevant legislation guide the delivery of library services and require compliance with laws, bylaws, policies, and codes of conduct. Workplace conduct and performance must adhere to these requirements as well as organizational and individual work ethics.
The document discusses the seven key principles of democracy in the United States as outlined in the US Constitution:
1) Popular sovereignty - Political power rests with the people who can create, alter and abolish their government.
2) Limited government - The government is restricted to only the powers granted in the Constitution.
3) Federalism - Power is distributed between the national, state and local governments.
4) Republicanism - The people vote for representatives to make laws on their behalf.
5) Separation of powers - Each branch of government has distinct powers to prevent abuse of power.
6) Checks and balances - Each branch oversees the others to prevent overreach and keep things balanced
The document discusses various behaviors that may or may not be considered criminal violations of the law depending on location. Chewing gum is illegal in Singapore but sagging pants laws vary by state in the US. Singing in the bathtub is against the law in Pennsylvania. Fishing laws also differ by gender and marital status depending on the state. The document also examines why certain sex toy bans originated and still exist in some areas.
This Presentation describes various enactments relating to Women Empowerment including provisions of Indian Constitution. This also covers Protection of Human Rights of Children and Weaker sections of the Community.
The document discusses women's rights in India. It provides an overview of common violations of women's rights in India such as missing girls, dowry deaths, domestic violence, child marriage, and sexual harassment. It also outlines constitutional provisions and laws aimed at empowering women and promoting gender equality. However, it notes that deeply rooted cultural attitudes still present challenges and that further education is needed to truly achieve equal rights and empowerment for women in India.
The document discusses ensuring safety and empowerment of women in India. It outlines several issues facing women such as inequality, crimes like rape and sexual assault, and educational barriers. The government has introduced some measures like stricter rape laws and fast-track courts. Proposed solutions include sex education, safer public transport, legal awareness campaigns, and legalizing prostitution with regulations. Challenges to implementing solutions are outdated cultural beliefs, narrow-mindedness, slow government amendments, and lack of awareness and confidence among women. The conclusion stresses the need for strict implementation of existing laws and justice system rather than new laws.
It is basically a way to present information related to juvenile act , delinquency , reasons , solutions to it and act and latest statistics related to juvenile crimes and case and statements of famous personalities on this serious issue.It is presented by by students of Kanoria College BBA third year students.
And plz if u like it plz comment and clip the slides.
Top Nonprofits Fighting for Justice in the Criminal System in the U.S.Philanthropedia
Philanthropedia’s mission is to improve nonprofit effectiveness by directing money to and facilitating discussion about expert recommended high-impact nonprofits.
Top Nonprofits Fighting for Justice in the Criminal System in the U.S.Philanthropedia
Philanthropedia’s mission is to improve nonprofit effectiveness by directing money to and facilitating discussion about expert recommended high-impact nonprofits.
Crime can be defined legally as acts that break laws and are punishable by the state, or normatively as acts that violate social norms. Criminology is the study of crime, including its causes and society's responses. Crimes include felonies, serious offenses punishable by over a year in prison, and misdemeanors, less serious crimes punishable by fines and up to a year in jail. Biological, psychological, social, and economic factors may all influence why individuals commit crimes. Societies use criminal laws and punishments to deter criminal acts and protect public safety and welfare.
What is Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Crimes in India, What is Juvenile Delinquency, what are their causes and reasons, what is juvenile Justice , Comparison Between Juenile Justice Act 2000 and Juvenile Justice Act 2015, Case study, Pros and cons for Juvenile Justice Act and conclusion
The juvenile justice system in India aims to protect youth but has loopholes that allow criminals to escape punishment. There is a rise in serious crimes committed by 16-18 year olds who know they cannot be prosecuted as adults. The 2012 Delhi gang rape case highlighted this issue as one perpetrator was sentenced to only 3 years as a juvenile. There are calls to reform juvenile laws in India to judge each case based on the offense and mental maturity rather than just an age limit, bringing laws more in line with other countries like the U.S. and U.K. The well-being of youth and safety of society require the juvenile system to be reexamined.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Philippine constitution and government. It outlines that the Philippines has a democratic and republican government where sovereignty resides with the people. It discusses the bill of rights and individual freedoms guaranteed in the constitution like freedom of speech, religion, and due process. It also explains the purpose of the constitution is to define the government structure and protect citizens' rights.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Philippine constitution and government. It outlines that the Philippines has a democratic and republican government where sovereignty resides with the people. It discusses the bill of rights and individual protections like due process. It also summarizes some important Supreme Court cases related to due process rights.
The Commission on Human Rights is an independent office established by the Philippine Constitution to investigate all forms of human rights violations involving civil and political rights. It is composed of a Chairperson and four commissioners, the majority of whom must be lawyers. President Benigno Aquino III appointed Etta Rosales to chair the commission. The commission has the power to investigate human rights complaints, adopt its operational guidelines, provide legal protection and aid to victims of human rights violations, monitor prisons, conduct research and education on human rights, and recommend legislation to Congress.
The Commission on Human Rights is an independent government body established by the Philippine Constitution to investigate all forms of human rights violations involving civil and political rights. It is composed of a Chairperson and four commissioners, the majority of whom must be lawyers. President Benigno Aquino III appointed Etta Rosales to serve as Chairperson. The Commission's powers and functions include investigating human rights complaints, adopting operational guidelines, providing legal protection and aid to victims of human rights violations, monitoring the government's compliance with international treaties, and performing other duties as mandated by law.
ch 6- civics understanding our criminal justice system class 8vansh bansal
The criminal justice system involves law enforcement investigating crimes and prosecuting offenders while also protecting citizens' rights. Police conduct investigations by gathering evidence and witness statements. If they believe there is enough evidence, they may recommend charges. Prosecutors then represent the public interest in ensuring prosecutions are conducted fairly and respect defendants' rights. Judges oversee trials and juries determine verdicts. The right to a fair trial is an important legal concept that aims to respect defendants' rights throughout the legal process according to due process.
The document summarizes key aspects of the Philippine constitution and government based on the 1987 constitution. It outlines that the Philippines has a democratic and republican form of government where sovereignty resides with the people. It describes the bill of rights and individual freedoms guaranteed in the constitution. It also discusses the purpose and structure of the Philippine constitution.
This document discusses the Bill of Rights and classification of rights in the Philippines constitution. It outlines 22 sections of the Bill of Rights which guarantee various civil, political, and legal rights to citizens such as the right to life, liberty, due process, privacy, speech, religion, bail, speedy trial, and prohibition of ex post facto laws. It also discusses the origins of human rights protections in the Philippines beginning in the 1890s and the inclusion of civil and political rights in the 1935 and 1987 constitutions. The summary provides an overview of the key topics and rights covered in the document.
The document discusses the core values and principles of the Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines. It outlines three key principles: 1) Representative democracy based on strong political parties. 2) A decentralized state structure with regional autonomy. 3) A social and ecological market economy with a strong social safety net and environmental protections. The party believes these principles uphold human dignity and are a moderate alternative to both right-wing capitalism and left-wing centralized control of the economy. The party aims to reform the Philippine political system through greater decentralization, stronger parties, and social and economic reforms.
The document discusses the importance of the rule of law. It makes three main points:
1. The rule of law promotes equality, justice, accountability, and protects human rights. It is essential for peace, security, and development.
2. Challenges to the rule of law still exist today in forms like discrimination, inequality and corruption. Upholding the rule of law is crucial to overcoming these issues.
3. Various organizations like the UN and its agencies are working to strengthen the rule of law globally and ensure it applies equally to protect all people.
The center for human rights and constitutional lawraymondmin
The Center for Human Rights and Constitutional Law is a non-profit dedicated to protecting civil, constitutional, and human rights of immigrants, refugees, children, and the poor. They provide legal representation for over 130 individuals per year and operate a homeschool for homeless youth. The organization aims to give disadvantaged individuals a fair chance in court and access to education through litigation, advocacy, and social services. Funding and volunteers are needed to continue their important work defending those who cannot otherwise afford legal counsel.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Presentation by Julie Topoleski, CBO’s Director of Labor, Income Security, and Long-Term Analysis, at the 16th Annual Meeting of the OECD Working Party of Parliamentary Budget Officials and Independent Fiscal Institutions.
The Power of Community Newsletters: A Case Study from Wolverton and Greenleys...Scribe
YOU WILL DISCOVER:
The engaging history and evolution of Wolverton and Greenleys Town Council's newsletter
Strategies for producing a successful community newsletter and generating income through advertising
The decision-making process behind moving newsletter design from in-house to outsourcing and its impacts
Dive into the success story of Wolverton and Greenleys Town Council's newsletter in this insightful webinar. Hear from Mandy Shipp and Jemma English about the newsletter's journey from its inception to becoming a vital part of their community's communication, including its history, production process, and revenue generation through advertising. Discover the reasons behind outsourcing its design and the benefits this brought. Ideal for anyone involved in community engagement or interested in starting their own newsletter.
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemesnarinav14
The Karnataka government, along with the central government’s Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), offers various housing schemes to cater to the diverse needs of citizens across the state. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the major housing schemes available in the Karnataka housing board for both urban and rural areas in 2024.
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1. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Acknowledgements
Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative wishes to thank: -
From this University
The University President,
The Student Affairs Dean
The Student Organization Leaders
The Chairperson of the
Office of the President
Commission on Higher
Education
Dr Patricia B Licuanan
2. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
THE SOLUTION TO OUR
COUNTRY’S PROBLEM IS THE
ADOPTION OF THE JURY
SYSTEM WHICH WAS OMITTED
FROM OUR CONSTITUTION BY
THE COLONIZERS.
OUR POLITICAL ELITES THEN
CONTINUED ITS OMISSION
WHICH OUR CURRENT ELITES
AND LEADERS HAVE ACCEPTED.
6. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Here is a reality check of our time!
“ITO ANG AMING PANAHON”
as sung by
Rey Valera
7. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
For decades we have been locked into an
ever growing circle of _
POVERTY & CORRUPTION
and more recently we can add...
LAWLESSNESS & CRIMINALITY!
What have we done about it?
8. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
We keep finger pointing, blaming our
leaders for our country’s failure.
But are they the only ones at fault?
9. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Missions of Truth Versus Tentacles of Corruption
GLIMPSES
by Jose Ma. Montelibano
Our country demands from us, from all of us,
a personal contribution to nationhood.
Corruption prevents a sense of unity, keeps
people and sectors apart, exploiters here,
victims there.
Governance is not just about them up
there; it is truly more about you and me
down here.
10. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
It is necessary that we change our
attitudes and habits too!
This is hard to do.
It is like asking a smoker to stop smoking
or an addict to stop using drugs.
But do not lose hope. We can do it!
11. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
What Solutions Have We Tried?
We have tried changing the Political System.
Presidential Parliamentary Dictatorial
12. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
We have voted for politicians we thought
would govern us well.
We have tried governance by
Presidents who are Saints.
We have tried governance by
Presidents who are Sinners
We have tried governance by
Presidents who are in between.
13. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
13
Here are some leading politicians
from the last ten or twenty years.
Have they changed our country
much for the better?
14. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Neither changing the political system
nor our political leaders worked.
What else have we not changed?
Our JUDICIAL SYSTEM
15. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Why do we have to change our judicial system?
“If we keep doing what we have always been doing, we will
keep getting what we have always got.”
For 6 decades, the present judicial system only requires a
singular judge to decide on serious criminal cases.
This system was abused by the rich and powerful. Justice
was only for the rich and powerful who can buy justice and
the criminal enforcers who will do their dirty job for them.
The results of the present system are: graft and corruption,
lawlessness, poverty and exploitation of the Filipino people.
16. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Why don’t we just ask CONGRESS to change or add
some laws and hope they will not mess them up like
what they did with PDAF, Fertilizer Scam and many
more?
Can we still trust them?
NO, WE CAN’T !
17. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
What constitutional mandate gives the Filipinos
the power to change the Judicial System
without the consent of congress?
“The Philippines is a Democratic and Republican state.
Sovereignty resides in the people and all government
authority emanates from them.”
As a Democratic country, we the people are given the
right to one and only one vote. This is the right that we
sell to predatory candidates who have mastered the art
of fooling the Filipino people all the time.
Article II Section 1 of the Constitution states that:
18. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
As a Republican country, we have two (2)
more votes to spare:
The right to vote through a GRAND JURY
and
The right to vote in a TRIAL JURY.
Therefore, Article 2 Sec 1 of the
constitution empowers the people the
right to a Jury System.
19. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
How do we know this?
Our constitution is based on the American constitution which
has the Jury System as the fundamental principle in their
constitution , that is_ “to judge and be judged by their own
peers”.
However, the Jury System was omitted
when our colonisers set up our
constitution in 1902.
21. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
What was the result of this omission?
Our Constitution is like a jigsaw puzzle which cannot
be completed because of a missing piece. It,
therefore, cannot function well.
A better analogy is a person with a missing front tooth.
22. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
At first, only our self-confidence is affected.
In time, the gum structure near the missing tooth weakens and
other teeth start falling off.
Our self-confidence is ruined and even our health.
It is much like the running of our government now.
Its parts are breaking up _ like the Senate and the Congress!
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What must be done to solve our constitutional problem?
The Adoption or Implementation of
the JURY SYSTEM.
24. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
• It is a judicial process where a group of
ordinary people are called by law to decide
legal cases brought to trial.
• It is a form of service to your country.
What is the Jury System?
Components of a Jury System are:
• GRAND JURY
• TRIAL BY JURY
25. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
The Grand Jury
Composed of 23 college graduates called JURORS;
They serve for only 6 months and then are replaced by another 6;
Jurors are chosen by lottery and they remain anonymous.
They have the deciding power to:
Secretly investigate if a probable cause exists, and
Accuse serious crime offenders directly in court without government
permission.
They decide with a fixed majority rule by secret ballot.
They must decide in 45 days if a crime has been committed
Several Grand Juries will be formed in cities and provinces.
26. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
The Importance of a Grand Jury in a Justice system
It prevents politicians and powerful public officials in interfering with
the decision of the Grand Jury to indict high profile crime offenders.
CAN THE OMBUDSMAN, COA, NBI, Lawyers, A SENATOR and
CONGRESSMAN be in the GRAND JURY? NO!
They are not appointees of any public official and do not rely on a
pubic official for their jobs.
They have the power to indict any person for Obstruction of Justice,
regardless of power or authority for interfering with its functions as
well as the function of the judges, justices, trial juries, prosecutors and
public officials in charge with the administration of justice.
27. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Most importantly, they can indict any politician or
powerful public official like the PRESIDENT OF THE
COUNTRY (past or present).
Those who have served for jury service (grand or trial)
will become examples and teachers to their own family
members, friends and neighbors.
This will gradually lead to our political maturity
and sophistication.
28. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
The Trial Jury
Is composed of 12 ordinary citizens, at least 21 years old, of
average intelligence, who are randomly selected from the
electoral register to participate in deciding the guilt or
innocence of the accused in serious criminal cases. Their
decision is final! POSTPONEMENT is not allowed!
They do not have to be professionals. The sitting jurors
should be educated enough to be able to process simple
facts. They are also called JURORS.
They shall be presided, supervised and protected by a judge
but the judge shall not participate to discuss or decide a
case with the jury.
29. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
The Presiding Judge…
1. enforces order in the court;
2. rules on the admissibility of evidence;
3. educates the jurors on the laws involved in the case
and how to serve in the jury; and
4. sentences the accused if found guilty.
He does not participate in the decision making.
ROLE OF THE COURT JUDGE
30. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OUR PRESENT
SINGLE-JUDGE SYSTEM & THE JURY SYSTEM
Same as today.
GRAND JURY of 23 highly educated, ordinary
citizens investigates secretly if there is probable
cause.
If there is, the Grand Jury charges the suspect
court.
A TRIAL JURY of 12 ordinary citizens who can
read and write and can process simple facts, at
least 21 years old is formed. They decide the guilt
or innocence of the accused.
Their decision is final.
The Judge sentences the accused as prescribed
by law.
THEY REMAIN ANONYMOUS.
Preliminary Investigation is done by: the police,
NBI, BIR, Ombudsman and other government
agencies.
Fiscal or Judge decides if probable cause exists.
If there is, the suspect is charged.
Judge decides if the accused is guilty or innocent.
If guilty, the Judge sentences the accused.
Judge writes a justification for his decision.
He is known to everyone.
31. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
What are the effects on our culture of having a JURY SYSTEM?
It gives sovereignty to the people. It shifts power to the people
It gives the people the responsibility to execute the laws of the land.
It instils the habit of judicial mind into every citizen, and those habits
prepare people to be free.
It encourages respect for the courts’ decisions and the idea of human
rights to all.
It teaches people equity in practice, i.e., anybody can sue or be sued
by their own peers.
It teaches each individual not to selfishly avoid responsibility for his
own acts, without which, no political virtue is possible.
32. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Mga Benepisyo ng Jury System
Ito ay nagbibigay kapangyarihan sa mga ordinaryong Pilipino na patakbuhing ang hustisya sa
pamamagitan ng pantay-pantay na paghatol sa mga nagkakasala.
Sapagkat tayo ang mga hurado, ang bayarán (bribery) o pananakot (coercion) ay hindi na magaganap.
Ang mga seryosong criminal na kaso ay mabilis na nadidisisyonan. Ang mga kaso ay maaaring
tumagal mula sa tatlong araw hangang dalawang taon lamang. Maaari lamang ikulong and isang
akusado kung ito an napatunayang may sala.
Ang panloloko, pandaraya at pandarambong ng mga tauhan ng gobyerno ay mahihinto dahil sa ang
sinumang mahuli at mapatunayang nagkasala ay maaring makulong o ma-fine or both.
Ang mga kasong “Land grabbing” ay mabilis na maiimbestigahan at madidisisyonan.
Pagkakaisahin nito ang mga Kristiano, Muslim at mga Etnikong grupo na magkakasamang magiging
hurado sa anumang kaso.
Ang corrupt na pagkatao ng mga Pilipino ay maiiba tungo sa makatarungan at pantay-pantay na
hustisya. Maipagmamalaki nila na sila ay Pilipino na may lahing Maharlika.
33. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
What gives the people the power to adopt the Jury System?
1. Article VI Sec. 32 of the Constitution _
The Congress shall, as early as possible, provide for a
system of initiative and referendum, and the exceptions
therefrom, whereby the people can directly propose
and enact laws or approve or reject any act or law
thereof passed by the Congress or local legislative
body after the registration of a petition therefor signed
by at least ten percentum of the total number of
registered voters, of which every legislative district
must be represented by at least 3 per centum of the
registered voters thereof.
34. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
2. Republic Act No. 6735 also known as _
Initiative and Referendum Act:
“The power of the people under a system of initiative
and referendum to directly propose, enact, approve
or reject, in whole or in part, the Constitution, laws,
ordinances or resolutions passed by any legislative
body upon compliance with the requirements of this
Act is hereby affirmed, recognised and guaranteed.
35. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
THEREFORE, as affirmed, recognised and guaranteed by RA 6735,
We are invoking Article VI Sec. 32 of the 1987 Constitution and enact a
NATIONAL JURY SYSTEM ACT.
36. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
How are we going to do it?
1. Ask around 7M Registered Voters to sign a
PETITION FOR THE ENACTMENT OF A NATIONAL
JURY LAW.
2. Submit to the COMELEC the “Petition” who will
certify that all requirements were met.
3. Within the prescribed time, COMELEC will hold a
REFERENDUM asking all the registered voters
(around 50M) if they are in favor of the Jury System
or not.
4. If majority of the voters are in favor, then NJL is
enacted and will be followed by its implementation
by the Supreme Court.
37. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
What must we do now?
• Be an active member and/or donor.
• Educate our friends and relations about the Jury System
System by reading www.philippinejury.com and www.the-
filipino-people.com.
• Set up discussion groups or affiliates
• Spread the news to your family and friends and drum up
support for the adoption of JURY SYSTEM.
• Encourage the people to sign our petition and join our
SIGNATURE CAMPAIGN!
38. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
SIGNATURE SHEETS
The Petitioners propose to adopt a National Jury System Act to make the country’s law enforcement efficient,
effective and swift. Juries shall be of two types: Grand Jury (GJ) and Trial Jury (TJ). The GJ shall secretly investigate
and accuse serious crime offenders directly in court without government permission. It shall consist of 23
members, all college graduates. The TJ shall consist of 12 members, at least 21 years old, of average intelligence,
to decide guilt or innocence of the accused; presided, supervised and protected by the judge who shall not
participate in discussing or deciding the case with the jury.
NAME OF REGISTERED VOTER
/PETITIONER
(Last Name, First Name,
and Middle Name)
SIGNATURE
ADDRESS
(Baranggay, Municipality, City
Landline / Cell Phone Number)
DATE OF
BIRTH
1
2
3
4
5
39. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Our country needs both Good Governance and a Jury System.
We can have them if we:
UNITE and INVITE other
patriotic groups to join us,
GET WHAT WE WANT and
TRULY LOVE OUR COUNTRY.
40. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Quotable quotes:
“If you want peace, work for justice.” _
Pope Paul VI
“Justice begets peace, and peace begets
prosperity and unity.” _
Anonymous
What is in it for us?
41. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
“If My people, who are called by My name, will humble themselves and pray, and
seek My face, and turn from their wicked ways, then will I hear from heaven, and
will forgive their sins, and will heal their land.”
BOOK 2 CHRONICLES 7:14
What the Bible says?
Open your mouth for the mute, for the rights of all who are destitute.
Open your mouth, judge righteously, defend the rights of the poor and needy.
PROVERBS 31:8-9
Take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness, but instead expose them.
EPHESIANS 5:11
42. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
You have just received YOUR FIRST
LECTURE ON JURY SYSTEM
FOR FILIPINOS 101
43. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
About the AUTHOR OF THE NATIONAL JURY LAW
Atty Marlowe Camello
He is a registered member of the Philippine Bar and took
his Philippine Lawyers’ Oath before the Philippine
Supreme Court in March 4, 1968;
He was admitted to the California Bar in April 25,1979
and was an active law practitioner of the California State
in the USA;
Was born in Malaybalay, Bukidnon in January 17, 1935.
44. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
The Chairman of Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative (PH) Inc. is:
DAISY ARCILLA BRETT-HOLT
email: daisyabh2@gmail.com
0998 563 8144, 0906 317 2424, 294 9994
Other Contact Persons:
Hilda Fontelar-Gaurino fontelar123@yahoo.com 0906 372 2690, 0998 171 7602
Raymond Cabarles philjury101@gmail.com 0917 899 9166 (for Visayas & Mindanao)
Nestor Siguitan 0946 865 0447
45. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Do not be a bystander!
Join us.
Contribute in funding the collection of 7 Million Signatures
and Sign our petition for a National Jury Law.
To Donate and know more about us. Go to www.philippinejury.com
Deposit/Transfer Money To:
NatWest, Camberley, WPJI Account No 60 22 03 – 62612387
OR
BDO, Pasig, Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
(PH) Account No 7890029079.
46. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Let us all stand and sing our prayer to our Lord God,
the Father, to
HEAL OUR LAND.
47. Worldwide Philippine Jury Initiative
Mabuhay ang Pilipinas!
It is the only one we
have.
Thank you for listening.