J.R.R. Tolkien was a renowned English writer, linguist, and academic from the late 1800s best known as the author of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings trilogy. He was fascinated by languages from a young age and invented several constructed languages, including Nevbosh and the Elven language used in his books. Tolkien grew up in South Africa but was later educated in England, where he met his wife Edith. He had a long academic career but is most famous for his epic fantasy novels that brought the world of Middle Earth to life and influenced generations of modern fantasy writers.