This document discusses key differences in pharmacy benefit contract provisions that can impact costs. Specifically it addresses:
1) Whether the plan pays the pharmacy's usual and customary price when it is lower than the PBM's discounted price.
2) If the plan always has zero claim cost liability when the copay covers the full prescription cost.
3) If single source generics are excluded from the generic discount rate and if so, whether those exclusions are limited to the initial 180 day period.
4) If brand discounts include single source generics excluded from the generic discount.
Learn about the benefits of cost breakdowns from your suppliers and how to use them to reduce costs.
By Ahead Consulting - http://www.aheadconsulting.com/cost_breakdowns.htm
Breaking Down Enterprise Silos in the Cloud - Jason Bloomberg, Intellyx, Clou...Jason Bloomberg
Breaking Down Enterprise Silos in the Cloud
Are you recreating existing technology silos in the Cloud? If so, your entire enterprise investment in the Cloud is at risk.
From the perspective of IT, organizational silos seem to be the root of all problems. Every line of business, every department, every functional area has its own requirements, its own technology preferences, and its own way of doing things. They have historically invested in specialized components for narrow purposes, which IT must then conventionally integrate via application middleware --- increasing the cost, complexity, and brittleness of the overall architecture.
Now those same stakeholders want to move to the Cloud. Save money with SaaS apps! Reduce data center costs with IaaS! Build a single Private Cloud we can all share! But breaking down the technical silos is easier said than done. There are endless problems: Static interfaces. Legacy technology. Inconsistent policies, rules, and processes. Crusty old middleware that predates the Cloud. And everybody still has their own data model and their own version of the truth.
The Cloud alone can't solve these complex challenges. We need a better approach to implementing technology that brings silos together, while allowing the personalization and customization that meets stakeholder needs. It’s time to rethink how we handle both data and code to align with the storage and processing model of the Cloud: distributed, horizontally scalable, and event-driven. We need an intelligent, active approach to building and running applications that is both dynamic and inherently Cloud-friendly.
Attendees of this session will learn:
* How organizational silos, application silos, and infrastructure silos limit business agility
* Why moving existing applications to the Cloud won't break down silos, and in fact, will often make them worse
* A novel, holistic approach for resolving the technical challenges with breaking down silos as enterprises move to the Cloud
Learn about the benefits of cost breakdowns from your suppliers and how to use them to reduce costs.
By Ahead Consulting - http://www.aheadconsulting.com/cost_breakdowns.htm
Breaking Down Enterprise Silos in the Cloud - Jason Bloomberg, Intellyx, Clou...Jason Bloomberg
Breaking Down Enterprise Silos in the Cloud
Are you recreating existing technology silos in the Cloud? If so, your entire enterprise investment in the Cloud is at risk.
From the perspective of IT, organizational silos seem to be the root of all problems. Every line of business, every department, every functional area has its own requirements, its own technology preferences, and its own way of doing things. They have historically invested in specialized components for narrow purposes, which IT must then conventionally integrate via application middleware --- increasing the cost, complexity, and brittleness of the overall architecture.
Now those same stakeholders want to move to the Cloud. Save money with SaaS apps! Reduce data center costs with IaaS! Build a single Private Cloud we can all share! But breaking down the technical silos is easier said than done. There are endless problems: Static interfaces. Legacy technology. Inconsistent policies, rules, and processes. Crusty old middleware that predates the Cloud. And everybody still has their own data model and their own version of the truth.
The Cloud alone can't solve these complex challenges. We need a better approach to implementing technology that brings silos together, while allowing the personalization and customization that meets stakeholder needs. It’s time to rethink how we handle both data and code to align with the storage and processing model of the Cloud: distributed, horizontally scalable, and event-driven. We need an intelligent, active approach to building and running applications that is both dynamic and inherently Cloud-friendly.
Attendees of this session will learn:
* How organizational silos, application silos, and infrastructure silos limit business agility
* Why moving existing applications to the Cloud won't break down silos, and in fact, will often make them worse
* A novel, holistic approach for resolving the technical challenges with breaking down silos as enterprises move to the Cloud
Metodologia
Benchmarking é o processo de avaliar produtos, serviços e processos, comparando-os aos dos competidores reconhecidos como líderes nas áreas avaliadas.
Razão da Pesquisa
Responder a uma expectativa de seus participantes em relação aos KPI – Key Performance Indicators, ou seja, seus Principais Indicadores de Performance. Também, criar uma ferramenta de medição das melhores práticas de supply chain na Europa e no mundo.
A pesquisa comparada realizada é inédita no sentido de prover informações sobre as realidades dos dois hemisférios do planeta. Estudos anteriores focaram apenas a comparação entre a Europa, os Estados Unidos e o Japão.
Essa sessão são para os interessados no melhor entendimento da otimização dos custos, assim como detalhes com utilização de TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) na AWS.
O CostDrivers coleta e disponibiliza informações sobre insumos, produtos e serviços há mais de 10 anos, reunindo em um único ambiente todos os dados para uma eficiente análise de Business Intelligence.
Cost of delay - Comunicando o impacto do tempo no valorRodrigo Yoshima
Palestra ministrada no AgileTrends 2015 com exemplos onde o Cost of Delay (Custo do Atraso) e o Total Lifecycle Profit podem ajudar na tomada de decisão de gestores de TI. Contém exemplos de:
- Decidir por investir em novas práticas
- Como alocar um recurso que está competindo atenção
- Básico de gestão de portfólio e estimativas iniciais
Teoria baseada e adaptada de Don Reinertsen, David Anderson et al...
Metaphoric Silos — since each employee, division or department interacts primarily within their specific “grain” silo rather than with other groups across the organization — need to be broken down to increase productivity and profitability. Mark Johnson of B2B CFO collaborates with Mary Henry of HR on Demand to produce the PowerPoint and lecture.
This is a partial preview of the document found here:
https://flevy.com/browse/business-document/Cost-Drivers-Analysis-76
Description:
Competitive Cost Analysis is a valuable strategic business framework, as it helps identify potential areas of competitive advantage. Competitive Cost Analysis requires the analysis of relative cost structures of competitors (or potential competitors) within our industry. The relevant unit of analysis should be as focused and specific as possible—for instance, at the business unit or the product level.
There are three techniques primarily used when conducting Competitive Cost Analysis: Financial Ratios Analysis, Value Chain Analysis, and Cost Drivers Analysis. This document will focus on Cost Drivers Analysis.
Business Analytics como ferramenta de Revenue ManagementNuno Antonio
Apresentação realizada na Bolsa de Turismo de Lisboa (BTL) 2014, a 14/03/2014, incluída no Workshop organizado pela Associação de Directores de Hoteis de Portugal (ADHP) subordinado ao mesmo tema.
Objectivo: Demonstrar exemplos práticos, através de utilização de dados reais, de como as técnicas de Business Analytics podem ser importantes na descoberta de padrões, definição de segmentos, tendências e outros tipos de classificação necessárias em Revenue Management para a hotelaria.
Inteligência de Mercado aplicada à cadeia de suprimentoskafarias
Apresentação da ATMAN no Fórum de Compras & Supply Chain – Informa Group Latin America, sobre Inteligência de mercado aplicada à cadeia de suprimentos
Móduloo: EThICS 039.BC02.08_CVPP_Conc e Princ_LCC & Efetiv
Tema: CICLO DE VIDA DE PROJETOS E PRODUTOS
Assunto: Custo do Ciclo de Vida (LCC) e Efetividade: Conceitos e Princípios.
Escopo:
PROPÓSITOS DO MÓDULO
INTRODUÇÃO
Acrônimos
Motivações para LCC e Efetividade
Normas sobre LCC
CONCEITOS BÁSICOS DE LCC
Elementos de Ciclo de Vida
Life Cycle (Ciclo de Vida)
Fig. 1: Modelo de Ciclo de Vida de Projetos e Produtos
Fig. 2: Etapas de PDI de Sistemas e Produtos
Acrônimos de PDI
Elementos de Custos do Ciclo de Vida
Cost Driver (Agente de Custo)
Cost Profile (Perfil de Custo)
CBS – Cost Breakdown Structure (Estrutura de Desdobramento do LCC)
Recurrent Costs (Custos Recorrentes)
Non-Recurrent Costs (Custos Não-Recorrentes)
Fig. 3: Elementos de Custos do Ciclo de Vida
LCC – Life Cycle Cost (Custo do Ciclo de Vida)
Life Cycle Costing (Custeio do Ciclo de Vida)
TLC - Through-Life Cost (Custo ao Longo da Vida)
WLC - Whole-Life Cost (Custo da Vida Completa)
WLCC - Whole-Life Cycle Costing (Custeio do Ciclo de Vida Completo)
TCO – Total Cost of Ownership (Custo Total de Propriedade)
TCA – Total Cost of Acquisition (Custo Total de Aquisição)
COO – Total Cost Of Operations (Custo Total de Operações)
LAC - Life Acquisition Cost (Custo de Vida de Aquisição)
LOC - Life Ownership Cost (Custo de Vida de Propriedade)
LLC - Life Loss Cost (Custo de Vida de Perdas)
LCCA – Life Cycle Cost Analysis (Análise do LCC)
CONCEITOS DE EFETIVIDADE
Elementos de Efetividade
Effectiveness Analysis (Análise de Efetividade)
System Effectiveness (Efetividade de Sistema)
Fig. 4: FOM - Factors Of Merit (Fatores de Mérito de Efetividade)
MOE - Measure Of Effectiveness (Medidas da Efetividade)
Operational Effectiveness (Efetividade Operacional)
Elementos da Efetividade Operacional
Operational Suitability (Adequabilidade Operacional)
MOS - Measure Of Suitability (Medidas de Adequabilidade)
Operational Availability (Disponibilidade Operacional)
Operational Utility (Utilidade Operacional)
Cost Effectiveness (Efetividade de Custo)
CONCEITOS DE DESEMPENHO
Elementos de Desempenho
Performance (Desempenho)
System Performance (Desempenho de Sistema)
Level of Performance (Nível de Desempenho)
Categorias de Desempenho
Desempenho Objetivo
Desempenho Subjetivo
Atributos de Sistema
Attributes of Operational Performance (Atributos de Desempenho Operacional)
Physical Attributes (Atributos Físicos)
Functional Attributes (Atributos Funcionais)
MOP - Measures Of Performance (Medidas de Desempenho)
MODELOS DE LCC
Fig. 5: Visão Sumária dos Custos Totais do Ciclo de Vida
Modelo de Composição de LCC
Fig. 6: A (In)Visibilidade dos Custos Totais
Fig. 7: As Proporções dos Elementos do LCC
Considerações sobre Métodos, Custos e Garantias de P&D
Fig. 8: Ciclo Elementar de Validação e Garantia de Projetos
Fig. 9: O Impacto nos Custos Devi
Apresentação do 8º Benchmarking Paranaense de RH na APRASDórian Bachmann
Apresentação dos resultados do segmento supermercadista no 8º Benchmarking Paranaense de RH na Associação Paranaense de Supermercados (APRAS) em 26.10.16.
Metodologia
Benchmarking é o processo de avaliar produtos, serviços e processos, comparando-os aos dos competidores reconhecidos como líderes nas áreas avaliadas.
Razão da Pesquisa
Responder a uma expectativa de seus participantes em relação aos KPI – Key Performance Indicators, ou seja, seus Principais Indicadores de Performance. Também, criar uma ferramenta de medição das melhores práticas de supply chain na Europa e no mundo.
A pesquisa comparada realizada é inédita no sentido de prover informações sobre as realidades dos dois hemisférios do planeta. Estudos anteriores focaram apenas a comparação entre a Europa, os Estados Unidos e o Japão.
Essa sessão são para os interessados no melhor entendimento da otimização dos custos, assim como detalhes com utilização de TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) na AWS.
O CostDrivers coleta e disponibiliza informações sobre insumos, produtos e serviços há mais de 10 anos, reunindo em um único ambiente todos os dados para uma eficiente análise de Business Intelligence.
Cost of delay - Comunicando o impacto do tempo no valorRodrigo Yoshima
Palestra ministrada no AgileTrends 2015 com exemplos onde o Cost of Delay (Custo do Atraso) e o Total Lifecycle Profit podem ajudar na tomada de decisão de gestores de TI. Contém exemplos de:
- Decidir por investir em novas práticas
- Como alocar um recurso que está competindo atenção
- Básico de gestão de portfólio e estimativas iniciais
Teoria baseada e adaptada de Don Reinertsen, David Anderson et al...
Metaphoric Silos — since each employee, division or department interacts primarily within their specific “grain” silo rather than with other groups across the organization — need to be broken down to increase productivity and profitability. Mark Johnson of B2B CFO collaborates with Mary Henry of HR on Demand to produce the PowerPoint and lecture.
This is a partial preview of the document found here:
https://flevy.com/browse/business-document/Cost-Drivers-Analysis-76
Description:
Competitive Cost Analysis is a valuable strategic business framework, as it helps identify potential areas of competitive advantage. Competitive Cost Analysis requires the analysis of relative cost structures of competitors (or potential competitors) within our industry. The relevant unit of analysis should be as focused and specific as possible—for instance, at the business unit or the product level.
There are three techniques primarily used when conducting Competitive Cost Analysis: Financial Ratios Analysis, Value Chain Analysis, and Cost Drivers Analysis. This document will focus on Cost Drivers Analysis.
Business Analytics como ferramenta de Revenue ManagementNuno Antonio
Apresentação realizada na Bolsa de Turismo de Lisboa (BTL) 2014, a 14/03/2014, incluída no Workshop organizado pela Associação de Directores de Hoteis de Portugal (ADHP) subordinado ao mesmo tema.
Objectivo: Demonstrar exemplos práticos, através de utilização de dados reais, de como as técnicas de Business Analytics podem ser importantes na descoberta de padrões, definição de segmentos, tendências e outros tipos de classificação necessárias em Revenue Management para a hotelaria.
Inteligência de Mercado aplicada à cadeia de suprimentoskafarias
Apresentação da ATMAN no Fórum de Compras & Supply Chain – Informa Group Latin America, sobre Inteligência de mercado aplicada à cadeia de suprimentos
Móduloo: EThICS 039.BC02.08_CVPP_Conc e Princ_LCC & Efetiv
Tema: CICLO DE VIDA DE PROJETOS E PRODUTOS
Assunto: Custo do Ciclo de Vida (LCC) e Efetividade: Conceitos e Princípios.
Escopo:
PROPÓSITOS DO MÓDULO
INTRODUÇÃO
Acrônimos
Motivações para LCC e Efetividade
Normas sobre LCC
CONCEITOS BÁSICOS DE LCC
Elementos de Ciclo de Vida
Life Cycle (Ciclo de Vida)
Fig. 1: Modelo de Ciclo de Vida de Projetos e Produtos
Fig. 2: Etapas de PDI de Sistemas e Produtos
Acrônimos de PDI
Elementos de Custos do Ciclo de Vida
Cost Driver (Agente de Custo)
Cost Profile (Perfil de Custo)
CBS – Cost Breakdown Structure (Estrutura de Desdobramento do LCC)
Recurrent Costs (Custos Recorrentes)
Non-Recurrent Costs (Custos Não-Recorrentes)
Fig. 3: Elementos de Custos do Ciclo de Vida
LCC – Life Cycle Cost (Custo do Ciclo de Vida)
Life Cycle Costing (Custeio do Ciclo de Vida)
TLC - Through-Life Cost (Custo ao Longo da Vida)
WLC - Whole-Life Cost (Custo da Vida Completa)
WLCC - Whole-Life Cycle Costing (Custeio do Ciclo de Vida Completo)
TCO – Total Cost of Ownership (Custo Total de Propriedade)
TCA – Total Cost of Acquisition (Custo Total de Aquisição)
COO – Total Cost Of Operations (Custo Total de Operações)
LAC - Life Acquisition Cost (Custo de Vida de Aquisição)
LOC - Life Ownership Cost (Custo de Vida de Propriedade)
LLC - Life Loss Cost (Custo de Vida de Perdas)
LCCA – Life Cycle Cost Analysis (Análise do LCC)
CONCEITOS DE EFETIVIDADE
Elementos de Efetividade
Effectiveness Analysis (Análise de Efetividade)
System Effectiveness (Efetividade de Sistema)
Fig. 4: FOM - Factors Of Merit (Fatores de Mérito de Efetividade)
MOE - Measure Of Effectiveness (Medidas da Efetividade)
Operational Effectiveness (Efetividade Operacional)
Elementos da Efetividade Operacional
Operational Suitability (Adequabilidade Operacional)
MOS - Measure Of Suitability (Medidas de Adequabilidade)
Operational Availability (Disponibilidade Operacional)
Operational Utility (Utilidade Operacional)
Cost Effectiveness (Efetividade de Custo)
CONCEITOS DE DESEMPENHO
Elementos de Desempenho
Performance (Desempenho)
System Performance (Desempenho de Sistema)
Level of Performance (Nível de Desempenho)
Categorias de Desempenho
Desempenho Objetivo
Desempenho Subjetivo
Atributos de Sistema
Attributes of Operational Performance (Atributos de Desempenho Operacional)
Physical Attributes (Atributos Físicos)
Functional Attributes (Atributos Funcionais)
MOP - Measures Of Performance (Medidas de Desempenho)
MODELOS DE LCC
Fig. 5: Visão Sumária dos Custos Totais do Ciclo de Vida
Modelo de Composição de LCC
Fig. 6: A (In)Visibilidade dos Custos Totais
Fig. 7: As Proporções dos Elementos do LCC
Considerações sobre Métodos, Custos e Garantias de P&D
Fig. 8: Ciclo Elementar de Validação e Garantia de Projetos
Fig. 9: O Impacto nos Custos Devi
Apresentação do 8º Benchmarking Paranaense de RH na APRASDórian Bachmann
Apresentação dos resultados do segmento supermercadista no 8º Benchmarking Paranaense de RH na Associação Paranaense de Supermercados (APRAS) em 26.10.16.
The Impact of the AMP Final Rule: Legal, Operational, and Financial Considera...Epstein Becker Green
Part 1 of a webinar series that examines the average manufacturer price (“AMP”) Final Rule and its effect on drug pricing and contracting. Hosted by Epstein Becker Green and EBG Advisors.
The long-awaited issuance of the Final Rule addressing AMP under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program has provided clarity in some respects but left other issues open to interpretation. In the wake of the Final Rule, other regulatory developments are already showing signs of further impacting many of the same issues.
Using the AMP Final Rule as a baseline, we will address the evolution of some of the most significant issues affecting drug pricing and contracting. We hope you can attend one or both of the sessions in this two-part series.
In this session, Constance A. Wilkinson, Member of the Firm at Epstein Becker Green, will address how the AMP final rule can impact your business. This discussion will examine various legal, operational, and financial factors, including the impact on fee-for-service arrangements with customers, value-based pricing, and reimbursement.
http://www.ebglaw.com/events/the-effect-of-the-average-manufacturer-price-final-rule-on-drug-pricing-and-contracting-part-1-the-impact-of-the-amp-final-rule-legal-operational-and-financial-considerations/
These materials have been provided for informational purposes only and are not intended and should not be construed to constitute legal advice. The content of these materials is copyrighted to Epstein Becker & Green, P.C. ATTORNEY ADVERTISING.
With COVID-19, the sales department is under immense pressure to cope with the changed demand situation and find appropriate measures to react to the new normal.
While it’s tempting to use price reductions as a means of compensating for a loss in sales volume, it’s also dangerous in the short and long term. Pricing managers should use appropriate measures that protect both the top-line and bottom-line to emerge from the crisis with limited damage and preserve the company’s pricing power for a future after COVID-19.
UBC Phar400 Business of Retail Pharmacy-13Sept2013Gerry Spitzner
Presented to 4th year Pharmacy students at UBC Pharmaceutical Sciences in the Phar400 Pharmacy Business Management course.
In this first presentation of the semester we take a high level look at the business of Pharmacy in Canada and British Columbia.
Learning objectives:
>Pharmacy business in Canada and BC
>Retail Pharmacy types and main differences
>Pharmaceutical Logistics and Supply Chain
>4 key controllable moving parts of retail Pharmacy
>Future Developments, Trends, Issues & Opportunities
As part of the curriculum students are required to work in teams to create a new sustainable professional clinical service supported by a business plan. At the end of the semester the teams present in a "pitch" to classmates and a panel of judges. Winners are determined by their peers.
Medicare Drug Plans and how they work,. Contains information regarding 2018 Medicare Drug Plans. Medicare Prescription Drug Plans can be confusing. This is not a detailed presentation, just a primer for beginners.
Medicare Part D coverage is a mess, full of complexity and confusion. These should help clarify some important points when it comes to Medicare Part D.
At RL360° we love to make life simple for advisers. It’s not
always an easy task, but with the Quantum, Paragon, Oracle
and LifePlan fund range we believe we have.
This white paper explores how the health care reform bill will affect Medicare Advantage, Part D and Medicare Supplement plans, and how savvy agents can capitalize on the opportunities that will inevitably arise from this change.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
