Why bother with the Journalism Entrepreneurship Summit 2015?
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The document announces the Journalism Entrepreneurship Summit (#JES2015) that will take place on February 27th, 2015 in London. The summit will bring together journalists, entrepreneurs, funders, researchers and educators to discuss topics related to journalism entrepreneurship. It will feature panels on entrepreneurs, funders/support agencies, researchers/educators, and policy. The goal is to have discussions that will help develop an agenda to support journalism entrepreneurship.
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Why bother with the Journalism Entrepreneurship Summit 2015?
- 1. #JES2015 THE JOURNALISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUMMIT 27th February 2015 Campus London www.jpreneursummit.org @jpreneursummit
- 2. SUMMIT Convened by François Nel, founder of the Media And Digital Enterprise (MADE) Project at the University of Central Lancashire and a Visiting Fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at Oxford University, in collaboration with William Perrin and Sarah Hartley of Talk About Local and Javier Luque of the International Press Institute, and with the support of the IPI and Google. The accompanying text of the opening remarks by François Nel is available at: http://bit.ly/FrancoisNelJES2015
- 4. ENTREPRENEURSHIP Entrepreneurship describes the combination of a context in which an opportunity is situated, a set of personal characteristics required by the entrepreneur to identify and pursue this opportunity, and the creation of a particular outcome.
- 5. JOURNALISM “Journalism comprises the activities involved in an independent pursuit of accurate information about current or recent events and its original presentation for public edification.” A. CURRENT OR RECENT EVENTS as subject matter. B. BREADTH OF AUDIENCE (which in turn implies a concern for accessible or engaging language and forms). C. ATTEMP TO ASCERTAIN ACCURATE FACTS. D. INDEPENDENCE (connoting an arms-length interest in publication itself versus direct benefit from the consequences of what is published). E. INVOLVES ORIGINAL WORK (as opposed to mere linking or replication) Source: Shapiro, Ivor. (2014). Why Democracies Need A Functional Definition Of Journalism Now More Than Ever. Journalism Studies, 15 (5), pp. 555-565.
- 6. EMERGENCIES & RISKS (both immediate & long term) HEALTH & WELFARE EDUCATION (incl quality of local schools & options for parents) TRANSPORTA TION ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY Cincluding job information, training & SME ENVIRONME NT (including air & water quality & access to recreation) CIVIC INFORMATION POLITICAL INFOMATION Friedland, Lewis, Phillip Napoli, and K. Ognyanova. 2012. “Review of the Literature Regarding Critical Information Needs of the American Public-Executive Summary.” http://blog.uscannenberg.org/wp- content/uploads/2012/06/FCCLitFinal.pdf.
- 7. JOURNALISM ENTREPRENEUR (Roles, Sectors, Issues & Constraints) OPERATING ENVIRONMENT (Broader ‘market’, stakeholders, information needs of communities, technologies) SERVICE & SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE (Organisations, networks, associations, capacity-building bodies, funding) REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT (Policy frameworks, regulatory mechanisms) Framework adapted by Francois Nel from the proposed Social Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Policy Study led in South Africa by Dr. Eliada Griffin-EL http://www.gsb.uct.ac.za/s.asp?p=497
- 8. JOURNALISM ENTREPRENEUR (Roles, Sectors, Issues & Constraints) SERVICE & SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE (Organisations, networks, associations, capacity-building bodies, funding) REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT (Policy frameworks, regulatory mechanisms) OPERATING ENVIRONMENT (Broader ‘market’, stakeholders, information needs of communities, technologies)
- 9. 10:30 PANEL 1: ENTREPRENEURS Chair: Sarah Hartley, Talk About Local & Contributoria •Eliot Higgins, Brown Moses / Bellingcat •Lyra Mckee, To Be Continued •Simon Perry, On the Wight •Jo York, Reframed TV Rapporteur: Cathy Galvin, The Word Factory 11:45: Break
- 10. 12:00 PANEL 2: FUNDERS & SUPPORT AGENCIES Chair: Barbara Trionfi, International Press Institute •Peter Barron, Google •Kathryn Geels, Nesta •Maria Teresa Ronderos, Open Society Foundation •Douglas White, Carnegie Trust Rapporteur: Kevin Rafter, Dublin City University 13:15 Academic 90-second pitches for poster presentations over lunch. 13:30 LUNCH
- 11. 14:15 PANEL 3: RESEARCHERS AND EDUCATORS Chair: François Nel, UCLan and Oxford •Clare Cook, UCLan •Caterina Foa & Miguel Crespo, Lisbon •Dave Harte, Birmingham City •Rachel Matthews, Coventry •Tamara Witschge, Groningen •Jane Singer, CITY London Rapporteur (research): Rasmus Kleis Nielson, Oxford Rapporteur (education & training): Abel Ugba, UEL
- 12. 15:30 PANEL 4: POLICY Chair: William Perrin, Talk About Local / Indigo Trust •Tim Dawson, NUJ •Martin Moore, Media Standards Trust Rapporteur: Damian Radcliffe, Cardiff University
- 13. WRAP UP: KATIE TAYLOR & ONNO BAUDOUIN Feedback from Rapporteurs & working towards an agenda for action Rapporteur: Gemma Walsh, University of Oxford
- 14. #JES2015 THE JOURNALISM ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUMMIT www.jpreneursummit.org @jpreneursummit 27th February 2015 Campus London ? !
- 15. References* • Friedland, Lewis, Phillip Napoli, and K. Ognyanova. 2012. “Review of the Literature Regarding Critical Information Needs of the American Public-Executive Summary.” http://blog.uscannenberg.org/wp- content/uploads/2012/06/FCCLitFinal.pdf. • “Social Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Policy Study.” Bertha Centre for Social Innovation, Graduate School of Business, University of Cape Town: http://www.gsb.uct.ac.za/s.asp?p=497 [Accessed: 12/01/2015] • Perrin, William. 2012. “Good governance, the accountability stack and multi- lateral fora.” http://indigotrust.org.uk/2012/11/12/good-governance-the- accountability-stack-and-multi-lateral-fora/ • Schumpeter, Joseph A. (1975) Capitalism, Socialism, Democracy. New York: Harper • Shapiro, Ivor. (2014). “Why Democracies Need A Functional Definition Of Journalism Now More Than Ever.” Journalism Studies, 15(5): 555-565 * The accompanying text of the opening remarks by François Nel are available at: http://bit.ly/FrancoisNelJES2015
- 16. CONTACT US The #JES2015 team welcomes questions and comments, and can be reached at uclanmade @ gmail.com 2015 Campus London
Editor's Notes
- #JES2015 The Journalism Entrepreneurship Summit 27th February 2015, Camp London. www.jpreneursummmit.org Opening Remarks by the workshop Convenor: François Nel, Director of the Journalism Leaders Programme at the University of Central Lancashire and a Visiting Research Fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford T. francoisnel / E. francoisonline @ gmail.com For those who don’t yet know me, I’m François Nel, I’m director of the Journalism Leaders Programme at the University of Central Lancashire and currently a Visiting Fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford, and I’ve have been working with a team of colleagues - who I’ll introduce more fully as we go - to pull together this gathering of extraordinary people from different places and positions who all have this in common: You care so much about Journalism Entrepreneurship that you have invested your in-short-supply time and much-in-demand energy and talent to contribute to this workshop. That is indeed extraordinary. And I want to thank you all for that. I also want to thank Google not only for hosting us today, but also for supporting the International Press Institute’s News Innovation Contest of which the Media And Digital Enterprise Project that I ran was the first UK winner - setting off a whole string of adventures to see if we could help media startups in the UK and Turkey that is coming together in today’s summit. SLIDE Key to making that happen is Peter Barron, who many of you will know as a former editor of BBC’s Newsnight and some will also know as Googles’ head of communication and public affairs for Europe, the Middle East and Africa… Peter. [COMMENTS by Peter Barron] Thank you Peter. Before we start deliberating Journalism Entrepreneurship. I want to talk about tortoises. SLIDE I thought that would be particularly relevant in this Oscar week, which reminded me of the opening lines of the first chapter in Stephen Hawking’s Brief History of Time. He wrote: A well-known scientist (some say it was Bertrand Russell) once gave a public lecture on astronomy. He described how the earth orbits around the sun and how the sun, in turn, orbits around the centre of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: “What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a giant tortoise.” The scientist gave a superior smile before replying, “What is the tortoise standing on.” “You’re very clever, young man, very clever,” said the old lady. “But it’s tortoises all the way down!” Hawking goes on… Most people would find the picture of our universe as an infinite tower of tortoises rather ridiculous, but why do we think we know better? What do we know about the universe, and how do we know it? It’s in that inquisitive, critical spirit that I would like us to approach today as we explore questions like: What do we know about the Journalism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem, most specifically in the UK? How do we know it? Well, we’ve invited a range of those involved – journalism entrepreneurs, those who are supporting and promoting them directly through funding and training, and indirectly through policy development and research conducted both here and elsewhere. Chairing today’s four panels will be Sarah Hartley of Talk About Local and Contributoria; Barbara Trionfi, who has recently taken over the reins at the International Press Institute; Williams Perrin, who first introduced himself to me as a former public servant, which I learned was English for special advisor to No 10, and who established Talk About Local and is also one half of the duo behind the Indigo Foundation; and myself. To help us distil what will, I’m sure, be lively and useful discussions, we have five rapporteurs. Cathy Galvin of The Word Factory and Newsweek, Damian Radcliffe of Cardiff University; Kevin Rafter of Dublin City University; Abel Ugba of the University of East London; and my colleague at the Reuters Institute Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, who was recently appointed research director there. I’ve asked the rapporteurs not simply to summarise the presentation by the panel, but to shape and distil our analysis of the discussion. And by ‘our analysis’, I’m referring to all of us in this room. This is, after all, a workshop and not a conference. If we are not only to hear about activities and issues in the Journalism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem, but also critically evaluate the situation and identify some key areas for what I hope will be even more action, we’ll need to, if you will, examine each tortoise. To help us with the process of that analysis, I’m delighted that two colleagues from the University of Central Lancashire are here to facilitate the day. They are Katie Taylor, an agile project management guru amongst other things, who has been working closely with me on the Journalism Leaders Programme, and the very talented Onno Baudouin, who is the key creative technologist in the Media Innovation Studio at UCLan and is not only going to help run some of the tech tools today, but has actually designed and built the software we’ll be using. But before we get stuck in, I thought it might be prudent that I very, very briefly clarify my understanding of what Journalism Entrepreneurship is - and why I think it matters. There’s a lot of talk about entrepreneurship, digital entrepreneurship, media entrepreneurship and, like many of you here, I’m keen follower and sometimes participant in those. Whatever else it is, I take it that entrepreneurship describes the combination of a context in which an opportunity is situated, a set of personal characteristics required by the entrepreneur to identify and pursue this opportunity, and the creation of a particular outcome. Journalism Entrepreneurship is a subset of this and defined not only because the entrepreneurs apply their energies in an increasingly, but not exclusively, digital information space - but also because their value proposition is Journalism. And, journalism has, I believe, some characteristics that set it apart. SLIDE No, I don’t want to get embroiled in debating the definition and merits or not of journalism – especially not with William Perrin and Martin Moore in the room. But I do want to flag this: whatever else it might be, the conversations today are intended to consider the issues around journalism which the Canadian academic Ivor Shapiro recently summed up as including the following notions: SLIDE A: It has CURRENT OR RECENT EVENTS as the primary subject matter B: Is is intended for a BREADTH OF AUDIENCE (that is it is not texts for private or personal use) C. ATTEMPTS TO PRESENT FACTS ACCURATELY D. INDEPENDENCE - That is, it has as its primary concern the interests of the public, not simply the owner (which is propaganda), or the commercial partners (which is advertising). E. INVOLVES ORIGINAL WORK (as opposed to mere linking or replication) Shapiro recently pulled those elements together in this definition: “Journalism comprises the activities involved in an independent pursuit of accurate information about current or recent events and its original presentation for public edification.” But, of course, in a world awash with information, in an era in Britain and many other places besides when it is not the lack of information but the overabundance of information that is vexing people, why should all of this matter? By encouraging journalism entrepreneurship are we not simply adding to this noise? Should those who worry about the Fourth Estate not be even more worried by such initiatives? By encouraging nimble, creative journalism start-ups aren’t we further undermining the efforts of the established Press? Creative destruction might be all good for theorists like Joseph Schumpeter, but is the weakening and demise of our media institutions a price worth paying? Are we so enthused by the prospects of a New Media Spring that we’ve can’t see the risks? Has the so-called Twitter Revolutions of late not taught us that destroying the old is hard, but that building the new is much, much harder still? There are a lot of questions we could be debating today and we will. But if any of it is to matter at all, I believe our starting point cannot be what we are doing, but why and for whom? It’s the question colleagues on the other side of the Atlantic have framed as, ‘What are the information needs of communities?” In a review of literature across a wide range of disciplines, a team of US academics identified that the critical information needs of communities fall into 8 broad categories: On this side of the Atlantic, William Perrin has conceptualised the critical information needs of the communities that the projects funded by the Indigo Trust aim to meet as the ‘Transparency & Accountability Stack’. And the state of that Democracy Stack, if you will, lies at the heart of my concern too. What are the issues that confront that part of the entrepreneurship ecosystem that has its key concern not simply the well-being of the entrepreneur – though that is essential too – but the critical information needs of the wide range of communities? What do I mean by ecosystem? Well, we know that while entrepreneurs are heroes in this story, their successes – or not – do not emerge in a vacuum. They are but the tip of the iceberg, if you will, and are shaped and underpinned - or undermined - by their context. And it’s for that reason that we aim to also today aim to explore the activities and issues amongst the funding and support agencies, including those who research and teach entrepreneurship, and those who actively work to shape policy in this regard. As a researcher, my primary aim with this workshop is to take the temperature of the Journalism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem and to consider its capacity to foster those enterprises necessary to ensure that the information needs of the diverse communities across the UK are met. We’ll be summarising the activities today into a report that I’ll be making available to you all directly and will also post it on the JES website which you’ll find at www. jpreneursummit.org There’s also something else I’ve been puzzling over: Just why are you here? I’m now going to hand over to Katie and Onno who are going to explain to you some of the many ways you might go about answering that question and others during the day. Katie, Onno… References Friedland, Lewis, Phillip Napoli, and K. Ognyanova. 2012. “Review of the Literature Regarding Critical Information Needs of the American Public-Executive Summary.” http://blog.uscannenberg.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/FCCLitFinal.pdf. Perrin, William. 2012. “Good governance, the accountability stack and multi-lateral fora.” http://indigotrust.org.uk/2012/11/12/good-governance-the-accountability-stack-and-multi-lateral-fora/ Schumpeter, Joseph A. (1975) Capitalism, Socialism, Democracy. New York: Harper Shapiro, Ivor. (2014). Why Democracies Need A Functional Definition Of Journalism Now More Than Ever. Journalism Studies, 15(5): 555-565
- For those who don’t yet know me, I’m François Nel, I’m director of the Journalism Leaders Programme at the University of Central Lancashire and currently a Visiting Fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford, and I’ve have been working with a team of colleagues - who I’ll introduce more fully as we go - to pull together this gathering of extraordinary people from different places and positions who all have this in common: You care so much about Journalism Entrepreneurship that you have invested your in-short-supply time and much-in-demand energy and talent to contribute to this workshop. That is indeed extraordinary. And I want to thank you all for that. I also want to thank Google not only for hosting us today, but also for supporting the International Press Institute’s News Innovation Contest of which the Media And Digital Enterprise Project that I ran was the first UK winner - setting off a whole string of adventures to see if we could help media startups in the UK and Turkey that is coming together in today’s summit. SLIDE Key to making that happen is Peter Barron, who many of you will know as a former editor of BBC’s Newsnight and some will also know as Googles’ head of communication and public affairs for Europe, the Middle East and Africa… Peter. [COMMENTS by Peter Barron] Thank you Peter.
- But first, I want to talk about Turtles. Not surprisingly, the paralympics opening reminded of the opening chapter of Stephen Hawking’s Brief History of Time: CHAPTER 1 OUR PICTURE OF THE UNIVERSE A well-known scientist (some say it was Bertrand Russell) once gave a public lecture on astronomy. He described how the earth orbits around the sun and how the sun, in turn, orbits around the center of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: “What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a giant tortoise.” The scientist gave a superior smile before replying, “What is the tortoise standing on.” “You’re very clever, young man, very clever,” said the old lady. “But it’s turtles all the way down!” Most people would find the picture of our universe as an infinite tower of tortoises rather ridiculous, but why do we think we know better? What do we know about the universe, and how do we know it? Where did the universe come from, and where is it going? Did the universe have a beginning, and if so, what happened before then? What is the nature of time? Will it ever come to an end? Can we go back in time? I thought that would be particularly relevant in this Oscar week, which reminded me of the opening lines of the first chapter in Stephen Hawking’s Brief History of Time. He wrote: A well-known scientist (some say it was Bertrand Russell) once gave a public lecture on astronomy. He described how the earth orbits around the sun and how the sun, in turn, orbits around the centre of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: “What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a giant tortoise.” The scientist gave a superior smile before replying, “What is the tortoise standing on.” “You’re very clever, young man, very clever,” said the old lady. “But it’s tortoises all the way down!” Hawking goes on… Most people would find the picture of our universe as an infinite tower of tortoises rather ridiculous, but why do we think we know better? What do we know about the universe, and how do we know it? It’s in that inquisitive, critical spirit that I would like us to approach today as we explore questions like: What do we know about the Journalism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem, most specifically in the UK? How do we know it? Well, we’ve invited a range of those involved – journalism entrepreneurs, those who are supporting and promoting them directly through funding and training, and indirectly through policy development and research conducted both here and elsewhere. Chairing today’s four panels will be Sarah Hartley of Talk About Local and Contributoria; Barbara Trionfi, who has recently taken over the reins at the International Press Institute; Williams Perrin, who first introduced himself to me as a former public servant, which I learned was English for special advisor to No 10, and who established Talk About Local and is also one half of the duo behind the Indigo Foundation; and myself. To help us distil what will, I’m sure, be lively and useful discussions, we have five rapporteurs. Cathy Galvin of The Word Factory and Newsweek, Damian Radcliffe of Cardiff University; Kevin Rafter of Dublin City University; Abel Ugba of the University of East London; and my colleague at the Reuters Institute Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, who was recently appointed research director there. I’ve asked the rapporteurs not simply to summarise the presentation by the panel, but to shape and distil our analysis of the discussion. And by ‘our analysis’, I’m referring to all of us in this room. This is, after all, a workshop and not a conference. If we are not only to hear about activities and issues in the Journalism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem, but also critically evaluate the situation and identify some key areas for what I hope will be even more action, we’ll need to, if you will, examine each tortoise. To help us with the process of that analysis, I’m delighted that two colleagues from the University of Central Lancashire are here to facilitate the day. They are Katie Taylor, an agile project management guru amongst other things, who has been working closely with me on the Journalism Leaders Programme, and the very talented Onno Baudouin, who is the key creative technologist in the Media Innovation Studio at UCLan and is not only going to help run some of the tech tools today, but has actually designed and built the software we’ll be using.
- But before we get stuck in, I thought it might be prudent that I very, very briefly clarify my understanding of what Journalism Entrepreneurship is - and why I think it matters. There’s a lot of talk about entrepreneurship, digital entrepreneurship, media entrepreneurship and, like many of you here, I’m keen follower and sometimes participant in those. Whatever else it is, I take it that entrepreneurship describes the combination of a context in which an opportunity is situated, a set of personal characteristics required by the entrepreneur to identify and pursue this opportunity, and the creation of a particular outcome. Journalism Entrepreneurship is a subset of this and defined not only because the entrepreneurs apply their energies in an increasingly, but not exclusively, digital information space - but also because their value proposition is Journalism. And, journalism has, I believe, some characteristics that set it apart. Journalism Entrepreneurship is a subset of this and defined not only because the entrepreneurs apply their energies in an increasingly, but not exclusively, digital information space - but also because their value proposition is Journalism. And, journalism has, I believe, some characteristics that set it apart. SLIDE
- No, I don’t want to get embroiled in debating the definition and merits or not of journalism – especially not with William Perrin and Martin Moore in the room. But I do want to flag this: whatever else it might be, the conversations today are intended to consider the issues around journalism which the Canadian academic Ivor Shapiro recently summed up as including the following notions: SLIDE A: It has CURRENT OR RECENT EVENTS as the primary subject matter B: Is is intended for a BREADTH OF AUDIENCE (that is it is not texts for private or personal use) C. ATTEMPTS TO PRESENT FACTS ACCURATELY D. INDEPENDENCE - That is, it has as its primary concern the interests of the public, not simply the owner (which is propaganda), or the commercial partners (which is advertising). E. INVOLVES ORIGINAL WORK (as opposed to mere linking or replication) Shapiro recently pulled those elements together in this definition: “Journalism comprises the activities involved in an independent pursuit of accurate information about current or recent events and its original presentation for public edification.” But, of course, in a world awash with information, in an era in Britain and many other places besides when it is not the lack of information but the overabundance of information that is vexing people, why should all of this matter? By encouraging journalism entrepreneurship are we not simply adding to this noise? Should those who worry about the Fourth Estate not be even more worried by such initiatives? By encouraging nimble, creative journalism start-ups aren’t we further undermining the efforts of the established Press? Creative destruction might be all good for theorists like Joseph Schumpeter, but is the weakening and demise of our media institutions a price worth paying? Are we so enthused by the prospects of a New Media Spring that we’ve can’t see the risks? Has the so-called Twitter Revolutions of late not taught us that destroying the old is hard, but that building the new is much, much harder still?
- There are a lot of questions we could be debating today and we will. But if any of it is to matter at all, I believe our starting point cannot be what we are doing, but why and for whom? It’s the question colleagues on the other side of the Atlantic have framed as, ‘What are the information needs of communities?” In a review of literature across a wide range of disciplines, a team of US academics identified that the critical information needs of communities fall into 8 broad categories: EMERGENCIES & RISKS (both immediate & long term) HEALTH & WELFARE EDUCATION (incl quality of local schools & options for parents) TRANSPORTATION ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY Cincluding job information, training & SME assistance) ENVIRONMENT (including air & water quality & access to recreation) CIVIC INFORMATION POLITICAL INFOMATION On this side of the Atlantic, William Perrin has conceptualised the critical information needs of the communities that the projects funded by the Indigo Trust aim to meet as the ‘Transparency & Accountability Stack’. And the state of that Democracy Stack, if you will, lies at the heart of my concern too. What are the issues that confront that part of the entrepreneurship ecosystem that has its key concern not simply the well-being of the entrepreneur – though that is essential too – but the critical information needs of the wide range of communities?
- What do I mean by ecosystem? Well, we know that while entrepreneurs are heroes in this story, their successes – or not – do not emerge in a vacuum. They are but the tip of the iceberg, if you will, and are shaped and underpinned - or undermined - by their context. And it’s for that reason that we aim to also today aim to explore the activities and issues amongst the funding and support agencies, including those who research and teach entrepreneurship, and those who actively work to shape policy in this regard.
- As a researcher, my primary aim with this workshop is to take the temperature of the Journalism Entrepreneurship Ecosystem and to consider its capacity to foster those enterprises necessary to ensure that the information needs of the diverse communities across the UK are met. We’ll be summarising the activities today into a report that I’ll be making available to you all directly and will also post it on the JES website which you’ll find at www. jpreneursummit.org There’s also something else I’ve been puzzling over: Just why are you here? I’m now going to hand over to Katie and Onno who are going to explain to you some of the many ways you might go about answering that question and others during the day. Katie, Onno…