How can multiple teams work together on a single product? The common wisdom is to carefully align teams and responsibilities to create autonomous teams. But, invariably, this approach eventually runs into cross-team bottlenecks, challenges aligning responsibilities to teams, and difficulties creating cross-functional teams.
Fluid Scaling Technology, or FAST, is an innovative new approach that solves these problems. It uses frequent team self-selection to prevent bottlenecks, share knowledge amongst teams, and ensure the right people are working on the right things. It’s simple and lightweight.
During the 45th Hands-on Agile meetup, James Shore shared his experiences with scaling Agile: first with traditional approaches and, more recently, with FAST. Learn in about an hour what works, what doesn’t, and how you can try FAST in your organization.
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James Shore: FAST: An Innovative Way to Scale — Hands-on Agile #45
1. PRESENTED BY
James Shore
TWITTER: @jamesshore
EMAIL: jshore@jamesshore.com
FAST: An Innovative Way to Scale
Hands-On Agile Meetup
27 September 2022 (via Zoom)
2. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
What is Scaling?
Increasing the number of people working on a set of
related products or codebases, resulting in multiple
interdependent teams.
3. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
How to Deliver Faster
1. Reduce scope
2. Eliminate waste
3. Improve technical capability
︙
︙
n. Add people
4. PRESENTED BY
James Shore
TWITTER: @jamesshore
EMAIL: jshore@jamesshore.com
Scaling: The Last Thing You Want to Do
Hands-On Agile Meetup
27 September 2022 (via Zoom)
6. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Component Teams
Each team focuses on one or more technical components
in a larger system.
• Finishing work requires the coordination of many
teams.
• Cross-team bottlenecks and errors are common.
9. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Stream-Aligned Teams
Each team focuses on a continuous
fl
ow of work aligned
to a business domain or organizational capability.
—Team Topologies (Skelton & Pais)
• Hard to incorporate specialties (UX, security, ops)
• Brittle to changing business strategy
• Leads to silos
• Cross-team dependencies still a challenge
22. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
FAST: Fluid Scaling Technology
“a lightweight, simple to understand, and simple
to master method for organizing people around
work—that scales.”
—FAST Guide 2.12
fastagile.io/fast-guide
23. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
High-Level Overview
1. Bring everyone to work together as one
Collective.
2. Visually represent business goals on a wall.
3. Let the Collective self-organize into teams to
break down and do the work.
4. On a short cadence, synch and repeat the
above step.
—FAST Guide 2.12
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43. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
FAST Self-Selection Outcomes
• 👍 Worked well, despite being “worst-case scenario” for FAST. (Siloed
developers, many unrelated products, no team-level coaching)
• 👍 Easy to adopt (but four months of prior change mgmt)
• 👍 Low overhead (~20 min, 2/week)
• 👍 Worked as intended: people
fl
uidly allocated to work as needed
• 👎 People felt pressured to deliver every two days
• 👎 Di
ffi
culty ramping up on unfamiliar work
• 👎 Di
ffi
culty working as collaborative teams
56. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Idea Flow Summary
1. Chartering: Everyone works to clarify purpose and context.
2. Visual Planning: PMs and Execs identify Valuable Increments.
3. Prioritization: Execs decide which increment to build next.
4. Getting Ready: Execs identify a PM who prepares the
increment for development.
5. Ready to Start: The increment waits for a team to choose it.
6. In Progress: Self-selected team(s) build out the increment.
7. Complete: The increment is released.
57. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Idea Flow Outcomes
• 👍 Execs had total transparency and control over priorities
• 👍 Worked around poor strategic prioritization
• 👍 “O
ff
the books” work greatly reduced
• 👍 Easy to adjust priorities
• 👍 Possibility for improving PM collaboration (not sure if it happened)
• 👎 Unintentionally reduced engineer ownership
• 👎 Some PMs struggled with following the rules, worked o
ff
-book
• 👎 Didn’t address root issue: too many products/responsibilities
59. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Six Months Later 👍
• 👍 “FAST has created a high degree of transparency. The whole
department understands the body of work to be done.”
• 👍 Just-in-time matching of people to work to be done.
• 👍 Execs have high ability to dynamically adjust priorities.
• 👍 “They’re pretty good at collaborating now.”
• 👍 Stewards have improved engineering leadership.
• 👍 Integrating new o
ff
-shore engineers was very easy. (!)
60. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Six Months Later 👎
• 👎 “We have a lot of domains… it’s hard to bring engineers into
problem scoping.”
• 👎 Decoupled product management and engineering. Engineers no
longer own a speci
fi
c domain.
• 👎 Engineers aren’t always able to work in their preferred domains.
• 👎 Di
ffi
culty sharing ownership of existing responsibilities & problems
with knowledge transfer.
• 👎 So many domains, engineers can’t choose an area and stick with it.
61. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
FAST Conclusions
• Easy to incorporate specialties such as UX
• Incredibly responsive to changing business needs
• Resilient to people joining and leaving
• Collective ownership may be a challenge
• Team dynamics may be an issue
A group of people who self-organize into teams on a
frequent cadence.
62. @jamesshore jamesshore.com
Recommendation: Trial It
1. Start with two closely-related, willing teams
2. Teach collective ownership and collaboration skills, if needed
3. Introduce FAST and combine the teams
4. Wait for team and organizational ripples to stabilize
5. Assimilate more teams, 3-5 people at a time, like the Borg
6. Stop when FAST Collective is feeling strain from size
7. Repeat to form multiple stream-aligned FAST Collectives
65. 🤓
☺ 🤠
😎
Reticulate the
splines
Hunt for
grues
Reverse
entropy
Transect
encabulator
🤠
😎
🤠
🤓
🤓
🤠
☺
🤠
😎 🤓
🤓
🤠
🤠
😎🤓
🤠
Lorem Ipsum Lorem Ipsum
Lorem Ipsum
In Progress Ready to Start
Lorem Ipsum
Lorem Ipsum
1⃣
2⃣
Lorem Ipsum
66. PRESENTED BY
James Shore
TWITTER: @jamesshore
EMAIL: jshore@jamesshore.com
FAST: An Innovative Way to Scale
Hands-On Agile Meetup
27 September 2022 (via Zoom)