Jainism is one of the oldest religions in India dating back to at least the 1st century BCE. It teaches that the path to enlightenment is through nonviolence and minimizing harm to all living things as much as possible. Jains practice strict vegetarianism and even avoid foods like root vegetables that would kill the plant. Monks and nuns try to avoid harming any living thing, even insects. Jainism's principles of nonviolence have influenced other religions in India such as Hinduism.

1. MARY ANN N. SISIC

2. Jainism is one of the three most ancient
religions of India, with roots that go back to
at least the mid-first century B.C.E. Today, it
is still an integral part of Indian culture.
Jainism teaches that the path to
enlightenment is through nonviolence and
reducing harm to living things (including
plants and animals) as much as possible.

4. The principle of nonviolence includes doing
no harm to humans, plants, animals, and
nature. For that reason, Jains are strict
vegetarians—so strict, in fact, that eating
root vegetables is not allowed because
removing the root would kill the plant.
However, Jains can eat vegetables that
grow above the ground, because they can
be picked while leaving the rest of the
plant intact.

5. In complete dedication to nonviolence, the
highest-ranked Jain monks and nuns avoid
swatting at mosquitoes or sweeping a path
on the floor so they do not step on an ant.
In addition to nonviolence, Jainism has
four additional vows that guide believers:
always speak the truth, do not steal, show
sexual restraint (with celibacy as an ideal),
and do not become attached to worldly
things.

6. Today, most followers of Jainism live in
India, with estimates of upwards of four
million followers. Jainism’s teachings have
influenced many all over the world. Though
born a Hindu, Mahatma Gandhi admired the
Jains' commitment to complete
nonviolence, and he incorporated that belief
into his movement for Indian independence.

9. HINDUISM:BASIC
BELIEFS
The fundamental teaching of Hinduism,
or Vedanta, is that a human being's
basic nature is not confined to the body
or the mind. Beyond both of these is the
spirit or the spark of God within the
soul.

10. WHAT DO HINDUS BELIEVE AND
PRACTICE?
The spirit is within us and also within everything
we see. All beings and all things are really, in
their deepest essence, this pure or divine spirit,
full of peace, full of joy and wisdom, ever united
with God.

11. • Belief in the divinity of the Vedas
• Belief in one, all-pervasive Supreme Reality
• Belief in the cyclical nature of time
• Belief in karma
• Belief in reincarnation
• Belief in alternate realities with higher beings
• Belief in enlightened masters or gurus
• Belief in non-aggression and non-injury
• Belief that all revealed religions are essentially correct
• Belief that the living being is first and foremost a spiritual
entity
• Belief in an “organic social system.” (Steven Rosen, Essential
Hinduism,

12. PRINCIPLES OF HINDUISM
In this world every cause must have its effect. We
are responsible for the results of our actions.
To reasonably explain an excess of suffering or of
enjoyment in this life, it was assumed that we all
have had previous existences, and that we are now
reaping the results of those previous actions.
It must also be true then that we can take charge of
our destiny right now. We can create a better
tomorrow by resolving do better actions today.
However, as long as desires remain in the mind, the
tendency toward rebirth will exist.

13. AHIMSA
Ahimsa is one of the ideals of Hinduism. It
means that one should avoid harming any
living thing, and also avoid the desire to harm
any living thing.
Ahimsa is not just non-violence - it means
avoiding any harm, whether physical, mental
or emotional.
In modern times the strongest proponent of
ahimsa was the Indian leader Gandhi, who
believed that ahimsa was the highest duty of
a human being.

16. Religious Contribution to
Non-Violence/Peace
Buddhism
Romel P. Dumlao

17. Buddhism is one of world’s largest religion and
originated 2,500 years in India. Buddhist believe that
the human life is one of suffering, and that
meditation, spiritual and physical labor, and good
behavior are the ways to achieve enlightenment.

18. In Buddhism, peace is related to both personal
discipline and good governance.
Peace is connected to restraint and self-control, living
with pure ethics, practicing non-violence and being at
peace with the universe.

19. What is the perfect state of peace in Buddhism?
Nirvana is a place of perfect peace and happiness,
like heaven. In Buddhism, nirvana is the highest state
that someone can attain, a state of enlightenment,
meaning a person’s individual desires and suffering
go away.

20. What does Buddhism say about war and peace?
-the first of the five precepts that all Buddhists
should follow is “Avoid killing, or harming any
living thing.”
-Buddhism is essentially a peaceful tradition.

21. Why do Buddhist want peace?
Buddhism envision peace as inner state of mental
tranquility which spreads outward. Attaining a
state of inner peace could be an inspiration to all.

22. Buddhism believes that a truly cultural mind can develop
through the practice of four highest state of mind (catura
pramana)
1. Loving kindness
2. Compassion
3. Sympathetic joy, and
4. Equanimity

23. 1. Do not abuse others, though you have been abused by
them.
2. Do not be angry to others, though you have been
enraged by them.
3. Do not beat others, though you have been beaten ty
them.
4. Do not find faults in others, though you have been
faulted by them.
Buddha made it the basic requirements for his
followers accept the following norms.

24. The main and the ultimate object of Buddhism is
to attain permanent and absolute peace,
“nirvana”, every Buddhist teachings contribute
to peace culture, not only on the attainment of
nirvana but even at the stage of practicing its
path one cultivates the culture of tolerance, non-
violence and service for others.

25. Three trainings to attain peace
1. The training concerning morality
(adhisilasikas) makes one refrain from all
kinds of physical and vocal violence which
strain the physical and vocal bodies to remain
in peace and harmony.

26. 2. The training concerning meditation
(adhisamadhisiksa) makes the mind free from
all thoughts of violence and the mind remains in
peace and tranquility.

27. 3. The training concerning wisdom
(adhiprajnasiksa) trains the mind to perceive the
reality as it is and inculcates the mind to eradicate
every sort of defilement so that the cause of all
violence and disharmony is completely eradicated
leading to the stream of consciousness flowing
toward attainment of the peace-nirvana.

28. -Islam in Arabic translates as the ‘making of
peace’ or submission to Allah- the concepts are
often considered one of the same.
-Islam is the religion of peace in the fullest
sense of the word. In fact the root word of
Islam is ‘silm’ which itself means peace.
-Qur’an calls its way ‘the paths of peace’

29. Peace is an important aspect of Islam, and
Muslims are encouraged to strive for peace
and peaceful solutions to all problems.
However, most Muslims are generally not
pacifists, as the teachings in the Qur'an and
Hadith allow for wars to be fought if they can
be justified.

30. Peace, therefore, is a dominant idea in Islam. A
Muslim is one who is at peace with Allah living
in ‘complete submission to His will, which is the
source of all purity and goodness and peace
with others implies the doing of good to fellow
humans.

31. In Islam, peace is a physical, social harmony
and is a result of order and justice. Achieving it
eliminates all forms of violence and anything
that might lead to conflict and the corruption.
-heavy emphasis is placed on a believer’s
relationship with Allah, doing Allah’s will and
from these, the believer’s relationship with
other humans.
-peace is enabled by human responsibility for
their actions.

32. Islam attaches great importance to peace. Islam
aims at- spiritual progress, intellectual
development, character building, social reform,
educational activities and above all Missionary
work-can be achieved in an atmosphere of
peace and harmony.

33. Like the other religious, there are different
beliefs in the moral use of force within Islam.
Spreading peace/non-violence, in Islam the
world is divided between
a. dar al-Islam (abode of Islam)
b. Dar al-salaam (abode of peace) against dar
al harb (adobe of war or the enemy)

34. dar al-Islam there is peace- all people have
submitted to Allah and are practicing Muslims.
In order spread peace, it is a Muslim’s sacred
duty to extend dar al-Islam into dar al-hard
even if this is through violent means.