Between 10,000 BC and the 1800s, physical fitness evolved from essential everyday tasks for survival by cavemen to more structured military training in ancient Greece and Rome. Gyms and exercise declined after the fall of empires but reemerged in the 1800s. Jack Lalanne opened the first modern health club in 1936, promoting strength training, nutrition and making exercise accessible to women and all abilities. He invented many common gym machines and had a long-running TV show. Lalanne held many strength and endurance records through age 90, leaving a legacy of popularizing fitness that continues to influence modern gyms.