The document provides a biography of Irish playwright J.M. Synge. It details that he was born in Ireland in 1871 and studied at Trinity College Dublin and the Sorbonne. Synge made several trips to the remote Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland starting in 1898, which inspired his most famous play The Playboy of the Western World. The Playboy premiered in 1902 and helped establish the Abbey Theatre in Dublin. Synge died in 1909 but helped shape Irish theatre through his plays focused on rural Irish life.