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Meeting the Distinctive Settlement Needs of Newcomer Children © Judith Colbert 
A presentation by… 
Judith A. Colbert, PhD 
judith.colbert@sympatico.ca 
Based - Welcoming Newcomer Children: 
The Settlement of Young Immigrants and Refugees 
www.welcomingchildren.ca 
NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 1
NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 2
Order … NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 
PRINT 
•Volumes 
•www.volumesdirect.com 1-888-571-2665 
E-BOOK 
•Campus eBookstore 
•www.campusebookstore.ca 
•Windows, Mac, iPhone, iPad, and Android 
3
3 Themes: Culture, Settlement, Diversity 
Learning Bundles - $65 + $20/e-book (optional) 
Single E-Learning Modules - $20 
E-Learning: A New Vehicle for Continuous Professional Learning about Newcomer Issues 
E-LEARNING 
•Dominion Learning Institute 
•www.ecedu.ca 
•www.welcomingchildren.ca NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 4
5 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert 
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY? WHAT CHALLENGES DO FAMILIES FACE? WHAT IS THEIR ROLE IN CULTURAL TRANSMISSION?
• 
Adding wings to caterpillars does not create butterflies…. Butterflies are created through transformation… 
• 
Stephanie Pace Marshall NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 6
Objectives 7 
• 
THE SETTLEMENT PROCESS 
• 
THE DISTINCTIVE NEEDS OF NEWCOMER CHILDREN 
• 
NEEDS THAT BECOME BARRIERS 
• 
READINESS 
To explore … NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
Settlement NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 8
9 
Settlement is Change NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 10 
CANADA - INDIVIDUAL 
UNHCR - TOGETHER
OPEN CULTURE Celebrations, Food, Songs, Language 
HIDDEN CULTURE Conversation Patterns, Communication Styles, Child Rearing, Grouping 
CULTURE ICEBERG 11 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert 
Dimensions of Culture
Settlement is Transition… 
Phase III 
BEGINNING 
Phase I 
CHANGE 
Phase II 
NEUTRAL* Settlement & Language 12 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert
A Definition of Settlement 
BEING SETTLED MEANS … 
“… feeling welcome and having needs met in a new environment, finding a balance between the old and the new, and being able to participate comfortably with others in new social settings.” 
• COLBERT, 2010 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 13
Child Needs NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 14
WHY ARE CHILD NEEDS BEING MISSED? 
• 
Research Practices 
• 
Data from Age 15 / 1.5 Generation 
• 
Ideas about Children - Rights 
• 
Rights are challenged. / Children are considered property or an extension of parents. 
• 
Belief that children “bounce back” 
• 
Children adapt easily and quickly. 15 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert
NEED 
S-CERIS 
- 
12/1 
4 © J 
Colbe 
rt 
Needs Related BUT “Settlement belongs to the child.” 
CHILD NEEDS 
PROVIDER NEEDS 
PARENT NEEDS
* RANGE OF CHILD NEEDS * 
Settlement & Culture Disability or Condition 
Support, Understanding Info, Diagnosis 
Range of Parent Needs 
Aware of Differences Lack of Knowledge 
Cultural Understanding Fear, Concern 
Range of Provider/Teacher Needs 
Knowledge Lack of Knowledge 
Experience Inexperience NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 17 
A Range of Needs – Low to High
NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 
18 
A Range of Child Needs… 
SETTLEMENT 
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 
AUTISM 
In some cultures, eye contact avoided, feelings not openly expressed. 
Less responsive emotionally, depressed, withdrawn and more detached from their feelings. 
Child does not make eye contact 
Does not socialize, interact, play – does not speak the language, has “silent periods” while learning language, is not familiar with objects or routines 
Numbing and withdrawal – diminished interest or participation in activities (including regression and loss of skills such as toilet training) 
Not interested in playing with other children 
Often begins to develop language then loses it, or does not acquire language at all
Needs/Barriers NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 19
CHILD NEEDS IN FOUR AREAS … BARRIERS 
Cultural Practices 
Families 
• 
Settlement & Child 
Development 
• 
Conflicting Practices 
• 
Lack of Parental Support 
• 
Family Settlement 
Mental & Emotional Health 
Coping & Social Awareness 
• 
Attachment 
• 
Separation & Trauma 
• 
Special Health & Other 
Needs 
• 
Early Intervention 
• 
Learning to Cope 
• 
Communication 
• 
School Readiness NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 20
 
SCHOOL READINESS 
 
ALL children need to be ready for school but SOME do not seem ready. Later, drop-out rates are higher. 
Settlement can make 
a difference. NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 21 
ISSUE FOR ALL NEWCOMER CHILDREN
Readiness NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 22
Readiness is Transition… 
Phase III 
BEGINNING 
Phase I 
CHANGE 
Phase II NEUTRAL* Settlement &Language 23 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert
DOMAINS 
EDI 
AEDI 
DIVERSE 
CONTROL 
LBOTE 
ENGLISH 
SLL 
BI 
No E 
+ E 
ONLY 
1 
Physical health and well-being 
8.62 
8.97 
8.78 
7.9 
9.6 
9.6 
2 
Social competence 
7.96 
8.48 
8.35 
6.9 
9.2 
9.2 
3 
Emotional maturity 
7.84 
8.18 
8.03 
7.3 
8.7 
8.7 
4 
Language and cognitive development 
7.85 
8.65 
8.53 
6.3 
9.2 
9.2 
5 
Communication skills and general knowledge 
5.47 
7.71 
8.00 
1.9 
8.8 
9.4 
Sources: Janus et al., 2010; AEDI Report, 2010. 
24 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert
Are Schools & Communities Ready? – Maybe Not. 
In Early Childhood Education – 
Top 10 Challenges from Mainstream Quality Benchmarks – 
1. 
Ask child’s opinions. 
2. 
Provide choices. 
3. 
Adapt the environment. 
4. 
Adapt the schedule. 
5. 
Acknowledge feelings. 
6. 
Encourage independence. 
7. 
Value individual achievement. 
8. 
Encourage interactions. 
9. 
Stimulate communication. 
10. 
Involve parents. 25 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert
Summary – 26 
Child 
Home /Family 
ECE, School, Agencies, Work 
Broader Community 
• 
Understand the SETTLEMENT process. 
• 
Focus on the individual CHILD within the family. 
• 
Prevent NEEDS from becoming BARRIERS. 
• 
Support READINESS. NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
Thank You … 27 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J 
Colbert

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Meeting the Distinctive Settlement Needs of Newcomer Children

  • 1. Meeting the Distinctive Settlement Needs of Newcomer Children © Judith Colbert A presentation by… Judith A. Colbert, PhD judith.colbert@sympatico.ca Based - Welcoming Newcomer Children: The Settlement of Young Immigrants and Refugees www.welcomingchildren.ca NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 1
  • 3. Order … NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert PRINT •Volumes •www.volumesdirect.com 1-888-571-2665 E-BOOK •Campus eBookstore •www.campusebookstore.ca •Windows, Mac, iPhone, iPad, and Android 3
  • 4. 3 Themes: Culture, Settlement, Diversity Learning Bundles - $65 + $20/e-book (optional) Single E-Learning Modules - $20 E-Learning: A New Vehicle for Continuous Professional Learning about Newcomer Issues E-LEARNING •Dominion Learning Institute •www.ecedu.ca •www.welcomingchildren.ca NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 4
  • 5. 5 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY? WHAT CHALLENGES DO FAMILIES FACE? WHAT IS THEIR ROLE IN CULTURAL TRANSMISSION?
  • 6. • Adding wings to caterpillars does not create butterflies…. Butterflies are created through transformation… • Stephanie Pace Marshall NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 6
  • 7. Objectives 7 • THE SETTLEMENT PROCESS • THE DISTINCTIVE NEEDS OF NEWCOMER CHILDREN • NEEDS THAT BECOME BARRIERS • READINESS To explore … NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 9. 9 Settlement is Change NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 10. NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 10 CANADA - INDIVIDUAL UNHCR - TOGETHER
  • 11. OPEN CULTURE Celebrations, Food, Songs, Language HIDDEN CULTURE Conversation Patterns, Communication Styles, Child Rearing, Grouping CULTURE ICEBERG 11 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert Dimensions of Culture
  • 12. Settlement is Transition… Phase III BEGINNING Phase I CHANGE Phase II NEUTRAL* Settlement & Language 12 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 13. A Definition of Settlement BEING SETTLED MEANS … “… feeling welcome and having needs met in a new environment, finding a balance between the old and the new, and being able to participate comfortably with others in new social settings.” • COLBERT, 2010 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 13
  • 14. Child Needs NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 14
  • 15. WHY ARE CHILD NEEDS BEING MISSED? • Research Practices • Data from Age 15 / 1.5 Generation • Ideas about Children - Rights • Rights are challenged. / Children are considered property or an extension of parents. • Belief that children “bounce back” • Children adapt easily and quickly. 15 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 16. NEED S-CERIS - 12/1 4 © J Colbe rt Needs Related BUT “Settlement belongs to the child.” CHILD NEEDS PROVIDER NEEDS PARENT NEEDS
  • 17. * RANGE OF CHILD NEEDS * Settlement & Culture Disability or Condition Support, Understanding Info, Diagnosis Range of Parent Needs Aware of Differences Lack of Knowledge Cultural Understanding Fear, Concern Range of Provider/Teacher Needs Knowledge Lack of Knowledge Experience Inexperience NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 17 A Range of Needs – Low to High
  • 18. NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 18 A Range of Child Needs… SETTLEMENT POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AUTISM In some cultures, eye contact avoided, feelings not openly expressed. Less responsive emotionally, depressed, withdrawn and more detached from their feelings. Child does not make eye contact Does not socialize, interact, play – does not speak the language, has “silent periods” while learning language, is not familiar with objects or routines Numbing and withdrawal – diminished interest or participation in activities (including regression and loss of skills such as toilet training) Not interested in playing with other children Often begins to develop language then loses it, or does not acquire language at all
  • 20. CHILD NEEDS IN FOUR AREAS … BARRIERS Cultural Practices Families • Settlement & Child Development • Conflicting Practices • Lack of Parental Support • Family Settlement Mental & Emotional Health Coping & Social Awareness • Attachment • Separation & Trauma • Special Health & Other Needs • Early Intervention • Learning to Cope • Communication • School Readiness NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 20
  • 21.  SCHOOL READINESS  ALL children need to be ready for school but SOME do not seem ready. Later, drop-out rates are higher. Settlement can make a difference. NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert 21 ISSUE FOR ALL NEWCOMER CHILDREN
  • 23. Readiness is Transition… Phase III BEGINNING Phase I CHANGE Phase II NEUTRAL* Settlement &Language 23 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 24. DOMAINS EDI AEDI DIVERSE CONTROL LBOTE ENGLISH SLL BI No E + E ONLY 1 Physical health and well-being 8.62 8.97 8.78 7.9 9.6 9.6 2 Social competence 7.96 8.48 8.35 6.9 9.2 9.2 3 Emotional maturity 7.84 8.18 8.03 7.3 8.7 8.7 4 Language and cognitive development 7.85 8.65 8.53 6.3 9.2 9.2 5 Communication skills and general knowledge 5.47 7.71 8.00 1.9 8.8 9.4 Sources: Janus et al., 2010; AEDI Report, 2010. 24 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 25. Are Schools & Communities Ready? – Maybe Not. In Early Childhood Education – Top 10 Challenges from Mainstream Quality Benchmarks – 1. Ask child’s opinions. 2. Provide choices. 3. Adapt the environment. 4. Adapt the schedule. 5. Acknowledge feelings. 6. Encourage independence. 7. Value individual achievement. 8. Encourage interactions. 9. Stimulate communication. 10. Involve parents. 25 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 26. Summary – 26 Child Home /Family ECE, School, Agencies, Work Broader Community • Understand the SETTLEMENT process. • Focus on the individual CHILD within the family. • Prevent NEEDS from becoming BARRIERS. • Support READINESS. NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert
  • 27. Thank You … 27 NEEDS-CERIS-12/14 © J Colbert