report on 5th sem

1. DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKER SYSTEM
A Project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the award
of the degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Electrical Engineering
by
 Khushi Verma (PCE19EE027)
 Jatin Agarwal (PCE19EE023)
 Priya Kanwar (PCE19EE045)
 Hariom Choudhary (PCE19EE012)
Prof. Name- Dr. Gaurav Jain
(Session2020-21)
Department of Electrical Engineering
Poornima College of Engineering
June,2021

2. Department Certificate
This is to certify that Ms. Khushi Verma, Mr. Jatin Agarwal, Ms. Priya kanwar, Mr.
Hariom Chaudhary registration no. PCE19EE027, PCE19EE045
,PCE19EE012,PCE19EE023 of the II Year Department of Electrical Engineering has
submitted this project report entitled“DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKER SYSTEM,
APPLIANCE ON AND OFF BY USING THE YOUR SMART PHONE” under the
supervision of Dr. GAURAV JAIN working as Assistant Professor
in the department of Electrical Enginnering as per the
requirement of the Bachelor of technology program of Poornima College of
Engineering, Jaipur
Name & Signature (Dr. Virendra Sangtani)
1.
2.
(Faculty Coordinator:- Dr. Gaurav Jain)
Date:
Place: Jaipur

3. CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work which is being presented in this project report
entitled “ To Simulate a single phase universal bridge for different type of
switches” in the partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Electrical engineering submitted in the Department of Electrical
Engineering, Poornima College of Engineering, Jaipur, is an authentic record of my
own work done during the period from July 2020 to December 2020 under the
supervision and guidance of Dr. Gaurav Jain.
I have not submitted the matter embodied in this project report for the award of
my other degree.
(Signature)
Dated:
KhushiVerma
(PCE19EE027)
Jatin Agarwal
(PCE19EE023)
Priya Kanwar
(PCE19EE045)
HariomChoudhary
(PCE19EE012)
Place: Jaipur

4. SUPERVISOR’S CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the
best of my knowledge
(Name of Supervisor)
(Signature)
(Designation & Affiliation)
Dated:
Place:

5. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to convey my profound sense of reverence and admiration to my
supervisor Dr. Gaurav Jain, Electrical Engineering Department, Poornima college
of Engineering, for his intense concern, attention, priceless direction, guidance
and encouragementthroughoutthis project work.
I am grateful to Mr. Mahesh Bundele, Director of Poornima college of
engineering for his helping attitude with a keen interest in completing this project
in time.
I extend my heartiest gratitude to all the teachers, who extended their
cooperation steer the topic towards its successful completion. I am also thankful
to non-teaching staff of the department to support in preparation of this project
work.
My special heartfelt gratitude goes to, Mr. Virender Sangatani, HOD, Electrical
Department, Dr. Gaurav Jain, Project Coordinator, Electrical Engineering
Department, Poornima College of Engineering, for unvarying support, guidance
and motivation during the courseof this project work.
I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude towards management of
Poornima College of Engineering including Dr. S.M. Seth, chairman emeritus,
Poornima Group and former Director NIH, Roorkee, Shri Shashikant Singh,
Chairman, Poornima Group,Mr. M.K.M. Shah, Director admin & finance,
Poornima group and Ar. Rahul Singh, Director Poornima Group for establishment
of institute and providing facilities my studies.
I would like to take the opportunity of expressing my thanks to all faculty
members of the department, for their kind support, technical guidance and
inspiration throughoutthe course.
I am deeply thankful to my parents and all other family members of their
blessings and inspiration. AtLast but not least I would like to give special thanks to
god who enabled me to complete my projectwork on time.
Khushi Verma
Jatin Agarwal
Priya Kanwar

6. Hariom Choudhary
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter No. Particular Page No.
Title Page 1
Department Certificate 2
Candidate Declaration 3
Supervisor’s Certificate 4
Acknowledgement 5
Table of Content 6
List of Figure 7
Abstract 8
1 Introduction 9
1.1 Solar tracker 9-15
1.2 Types solar tracker 9
1.2.1 single axis solar tracker 10-11
1.2.2 Dual axis solar tracker 11
1.3 Main Purpose 11
1.4 Pros of using dual axis tracker 11-12
1.5Hardware Components 12
1.5.1 Arduino UNO 12
1.5.2 LDR 13
1.5.3 IR sensors 13
1.4.4 DC Motor 10 rpm 14
1.4.5 Motor Driver 15
1.4.6 Solar Panel 15
Literature Review 17-23
Design and Implementation 24-25
3.1 Development of the Project 24
3.2 Technical Details 25
3.3 Algorithm 25

7. 4 Experimental Results and analysis 26-27
5 Conclusion and future Scope 28-29
5.1 Conclusion 28
5.2 Future Scope 29
References 30

8. LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Particulars Page No.
1.1 Dual axis solar tracker 12
1.4.1 Arduino UNO 13
1.4.2 LDR 14
1.4.3 IR sensor 15
1.4.4 DC motor of 10 rpm 15
1.4.5 Motor sensor 15
1.4.6 Solar Panel 16
4.1 Circuit diagram 26
4.2 Model of the project 27

9. ABSTRACT
Solar and its usefulness remain the foremost note in today’s world, where clean,
emission-free and renewable energy source becoming the engrossing state of
mind. It is just to save the next generations from the misuse of regular fossil fuel
and foreign oil. We as the future look for unusual, more possible ways for
productively development of more solar energy.
As our project is on “Dual axis solar tracker system”. As we talks about good ways
of solar trackers, deeply about dual axis solar tracker. Solar tracker offers the
greatest meaning as their strongly to the changing place of the sun in sky can
energetically magnify energy gains by 10 to 25 percent. The Dual axis tracker
increases energy ,by tracking sun rays from swapping the solar panel in at every
turn. Report title
the designing of a solar tracking system which is drew on “Arduino UNO” which
grants motion of solar panel in the direction of maximal sun light occurrence.
As a out-turn of which we get added structured system which is pack-down,
reasonableas well as accommodating.

10. CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
The sun has been giving legitimate regard as a livening to our planet since a long
time ago. The time of machines gave us the authority of sunlight as fuel source.
India is remarkable with huge sun arranged potential. About the 5,000 trillion KW
h every year energy is event across the India's region area with most parts getting
4-7 KW h for each sq. m every day.
Sun based energy can be gather gainfully using sun situated photovoltaic cells and
photovoltaic effect on change over energy into electrical energy be that as it may
the change solicitation of a common PV cell is near nothing. One of the middle
clarifications behind this is that the yield of PV cell is relying upon the light force
and with the circumstance of sun in sky trading continually from time to time, the
taking up relationship of a fixed sun arranged load up would be astoundingly less
at certain time day and year for the daylight based photovoltaic cells are most
useful when they are inverse to the sun and less ready regardless .So, to boost the
energy production and enhance the regulation solar tracker are required.
1.1 Solar Tracker A Solar tracker is a gadget that can arranges a payload toward
sun. Payloads are ordinarily sun controlled sheets, logical box, Fresnel
reflectors, central focuses or heliostat reflect.
Sun based tracker truly is attempted to restrict the mark of event between the
falling sunshine and a photovoltaic board. Diminish this point widen the
proportion of energy age from a described proportion of presented power
conveying limit. So, in uncomplicated way we can say that, although the sun place
in the sky exchange with the climate or seasons and that break of the day,
trackers areused to line up the collection system and wide the energy power.
1.2 Types of Solar Tracker
Solar Tracker

11. 1.2.1 Single Axis Solar Tracker-
Single axis sun-oriented following can just catch the base force following daylight
one way which is the rise development from east to west by pivoting the
construction along the upward hub. Concurring to the utilization of single axis
following can expand the power yield by as much as 27% to 32%.
1.2.2 Dual Axis Solar Tracker-
Dual axis sun-based trackers can catch the greatest daylight in two developments
that is rise and azimuth and in a similar time it can get the full limit of lux the
double axis following expands the power yield as much as 35% to 45%.
1.3 MainPurpose
Overall, solar energy can be generated by solar concentrate solar panels. Solar
concentrators are not the first-line countryside or small generator sets, followed
by SPV panels, because the installation cost of SPV panel is overpriced, because
SPV panels are made up of silicon and germanium but silicon prominent in
between them due to its cost worthwhile.
In 1985, the efficiency of silicon solar cells out-stretch to 20% for the first time,
but the capability of solar cells has been leap-up evenly. The operating efficiency
of most solar cells is still below 45%. As a result, most energy consumers of solar
panels are push to either encounter their energy needs through solar panels or
spread out for higher production of big budget single systems. There is a
Single Axis Solar
Tracker
Dual Axis Solar
Tracker

12. diverseness of solar cells with remarkably high efficiency, but they may be
upscale.
The efficiency of solar cells can be better through maximum power point tracking
technology. This technology also lessens the price tag. In this technology, the
promoter can obtain the maximum power point on the solar panel, thereby
growing the power output. These structures can be uniaxial or biaxial.
Single axis trackers have shown their quality in 38% more production than rigid.
Panels based on sunlight display. The power generation of a single axis tracker
also based on the weather, conditions and cycle.
Dual axis trackers recognize and write two-axis, so they are more effective than
single axis solar trackers.
1.4 Pros using Dual Axis Solar Tracker
 Higher level of adaptability, taking into account a higher energy yield on
bright days.
 Higher level of precision in directional pointing.
 These sunlight-based trackers give a sensible arrangement if there should
arise on occurrence of the restricted force limit of the association with the
lattice.
 Dual pivot trackers need more modest space and give a chance to utilize
the leftover region around for other extra purpose, for example Vehicle
leaving, Planting and other.
 The trackers create 45-halfhigher force yield each year, when contrasted
with a static station of a similar introduced limit.
 The compensation period on speculation is lower on account of double
pivot trackers additionally there will be a huge expansion in benefits during
their life expectancy.

13. Fig1.1 Dual axis solar tracker
1.5 Hardware Components
 Arduino UNO
 Light dependent resistor (LDR)
 IRsensor
 DC motor of 10 RPM
 Motor driver
 Solar Panel
 9V Battery
 Wires
1.5.1 ArduinoUNO
Arduino is an open-source gadget prototyping stage generally dependent on little
simple to utilize equipment and programming it influence the gadget like light
engine and actuators by getting contribution from senor all the activity perform
by Arduino program to the microcontroller on the board by means of Arduino
programming language. Arduino project that stand alone or communicate with
different types of softwareapplications runs on a PC or other means of hardware.

14. 1.5.2 Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
Light reliant resistor is utilized to show to presence or nonappearance of light or
to gauge the light force. LDR have an affectability that shifts with the frequency of
light applied.
1.5.3 IR Sensor
An infrared sensor is an electronic contraption, that communicates to several
pieces of the regular components. An IRsensor can gauge the sparkleof a thing
comparably as sees the turn of events. Such sensor measurebasically

15. infraredradiation, rather than sending it that is known as a detaches IR sensor.
1.5.4 DC Motor of 10 RPM
An electric engine is an electrical machine that changes over electrical energy into
mechanical energy. Most electric engines work through collaboration between
engines attractive field and electric flow in a wire twisting to producepower as
forceapplied to the engines shaft.
1.5.5 Motor Driver
A motor driver IC is an incorporated circuit chip which is normally used to control
engines in self-sufficient robots. Motor driver ICs go about as an interface
between chip in robots and the engines in the robot.

16. 1.5.6 Solar Panel
A solar based board is a gathering of photograph voltaic cells mounted in a
structure for establishment. Sun powered boards use daylight as a wellspring of
energy to create direct flow power.

17. CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW
This below review sheet contains review of 20 research papers published in IEEE
conferences.
The review sheet contains papers published in
Research Paper 1- Simulation model of autonomous solar power plant with dual
axis solar tracker.
S.V. Mitrofanov, D.K. Baykasenov, M.A. Suleev “Simulation model of autonomous
solar power plant with dual axis solar tracker”. . In this examination paper
reenactment of a double hub sun powered tracker work in MATLAB/simulink have
made it conceivable to assess the expansion in energy productivity of the sunlight
based establishment from the utilization of a double hub global positioning
framework it is equivalent to 33.37%.
Research Paper 2- – Design of standalone solar PV system using MPPT controller
and self-cleaning dual axis tracker
Yash Ajgonkar, Mayuri Bhirud, Poornima Rao “Design of standalone solar PV
system using MPPT controller and self-cleaning dual axis tracker”. In this
exploration paper the first piece of the framework was on the planning and aizing
of the off-lattice PV framework dependent on the buyer prerequisite. The
framework was planned and reenacted on PV syst. 6.7 programming. The second
part, talked about the plan and reenactment of MPPT regulator utilizing
MATLAB/simulink. The third examined the plan and recreation of model double
pivot mechanical tracker utilizing PROTEUS 8 programming which follows the sun
powered way to additional upgradethe productivity of the framework.
Research Paper 3 - Practical implementation of dual axis solar power tracking
system
Hend Abd El-monem salama, Adel Taha Mohamed Taha “Practical
implementation of dual axis solar power tracking system”. In this research paper
overall efficiency of the solar systemis advancealong the day time of 4 seasons.

18. ResearchPaper 4 - Dual axis solar tracker basedon predictive control algorithms
A.K. Suria, R. Mohamad Idris “Dual axis solar tracker based on predictive control
algorithms”. In this research paper has shown that the solar tracker was increased
the percentage harvesting of the PV generation around 21.4%
Research Paper 5 - Design and implementation of an automated dual axis solar
tracker withdata logging
Sidharth Makhija, Aishwarya Khatwani, Mohd. Fasial Khan, Vrinda Goel,Dr.M.
Mani Roja “Design and implementation of an automated dual axis solar tracker
with data logging”. In this research paperthe average voltage maintained by the
solar panel in fixed configuration was found to be 3.53V, whereas the average
voltage maintained by the solar panel in the tracking configuration was found to
be 4.815V. Therefortheaverage voltage maintained by the solar panel in tracking
configuration was 36.3% higher than the fixed configuration.
Research Paper 6 - Design of a GPS-based solar tracker system for a vertical
solar still
Dian Artanto, A. Prasetyadi, Doddy Purwadianta, Rusdi Sambada “Design of a
GPS-based solar tracker system for a vertical solar still”. In this research paper
presents a design of a GPS-based solar tracker system, that can move the vertical
solar still follow the azimuth angle of the sun.
Research Paper 7 - Analysis of Power-Efficient High
Torque Solar Tracker through PID Controller
Wahab Ali Shah, Muhammad Waqas Khan;Rafiq Mansoor, Arshad “Analysis of
Power-Efficient High Torque Solar Tracker through PID Controller”. In this
research paper the most efficiency from a Photovoltaic panel, nowadays trackers
are used to getting sun location to make sure that sunlight is continuously on 90
degrees to the face of the photovoltaic module.

19. ResearchPaper 8 - Stepper Motor Driven Solar Tracker Systemfor Solar Panel
Singih Hawibowo, Imadudin Ala, Rachmana Berlindo Citra Lestari, Fahmy Rinanda
Saputri “Stepper Motor Driven Solar Tracker System for Solar Panel”. In this
research paper the generated electric energy will be optimal if the direction of the
panel can follow the movement of the direction of incoming solar rays andthe
results showed that the system is able to track the solar rays’ direction with an
error of 1.30⁰at the east-westdirection and of 0.85⁰at the north-south direction.
Research Paper 9- Innovative Low-Cost Cleaning Technique for PV Modules
on Solar Tracker
Abdelilah Said, Soukaina Medaghri Alaoui, Youssef Rouas, Gauthier Dambrine,
Etienne“Innovative Low-Cost Cleaning Technique for PV Modules
on Solar Tracker”. In this assessment paper this paper presents an inventive
negligible cost cleaning system for photovoltaic sheets on a bi-center point
daylight based worldwidesituating structure from Helioslite. This ferocious course
of action abuses the development of the tracker and the gravity sway.
ResearchPaper 10 - An Analysis onArduinobasedSingle Axis Solar Tracker
Prachi Rani, Omveer Singh, Shivam Pandey “An Analysis on Arduino based Single
Axis Solar Tracker”. In this investigation paper the basic thought about this article
is executing a customized single turn sun arranged worldwide situating structure.
This propose of system is an equipped to check the force of Sun light and as
requirements be to find higher energy as result rude development of the motor.
Research Paper 11 -GPS best portable dual Axis solar tracking system using
astronomical equation
M.H.M – Sidek,W.Z.W Hasan,M.Z.AAb,Kadir.S.Shafie,M.A.M Radzi, S.A Ahmad,
M.H. Marhaban “GPS best portable dual Axis solar tracking system using
astronomical equation”. In this research paper discuss the design electronic
control system and algorithms based on the astronomicalequation.The solar
trackers controlsystem successfully generates the sun trajectory path through the
year.

20. Research Paper – 12 Solar tracking system- acomprehensive study
Amit Chakraborty chhoton, Narayan Ranjan Chakraborty“Solar tracking system- a
comprehensive study” In this examination paper this work is separated into two
sections equipment and programming framework in equipment section four light
ward resistor (LDR) is utilized to recognize the light source from sun. Two servo
engines jointly use to move the sun oriented board to most extreme light to
source area got by older folks in a product the code is composed by utilizing c
programming languageand has focused on to the ARDUINO UNO regulator.
ResearchPaper – 13 Automatic dual Axis solar tracker systemfor parabolic dish
Pallavi N. Patil, M.A khandekar, Shubham N. Patil “Automatic dual Axis solar
tracker system for parabolic dish”. In this examination paper equipment
advancement five light ward resistor LDR has been utilized to detect and
assemble most extreme sun powered energy to lasting magnet DC engines are
utilized to move the sun based dish as per the sun based energy shares by LDR in
programming part we plan a regulator which will move the gatherer dish to follow
the sun.
ResearchPaper – 14Designandresearchof dual Axis solar tracking system
Orynbayev Seitzhan “Design and research of dual Axis solar tracking system”In
this examination paper the reason sunned global positioning framework utilizes
for photograph registers which are mounted on the sides of photograph module
this photograph register the sunlight based global positioning framework turns
out to be more touchy and it permits to deciding a more exact area of the Sun.
ResearchPaper – 15 Installing dual Axis solar tracker onrooftopto meet the
soaring demand of energy for developing countries.
Farhana afrin ,syeda Sanjidah ,twisa Titrsha, Abu Raihan Mohammed Siddique
“Presenting twofold Axis daylight put together tracker with respect to rooftop to
fulfill the taking off need of energy for non-mechanical countries". In this
assessment paper daylight based tracker tracks the sun situated board according
sun based radiation a fundamental ADC converter is used to drive motor circuit to

21. restrict the power use by sun fuel tracker and using two stepper motors especially
during an intermittent change.
Research Paper – 16 Design and Analysis of Automated Dual Axis Solar Tracker
Based on Light Sensor
Md. Sohel Rana, Rifah Sanjida Prodhan and Md. Nayemul Hasan “16 Design and
Analysis of Automated Dual Axis Solar Tracker Based on Light Sensor”. In this
research paper was designed for the dual axis solar tracker and single axis solar
tracker.
ResearchPaper – 17 Designand implementationof dual axis solar tracker based
on solar maps
S.B. Elagib and N.H. Osman “Design and implementation of dual axis solar tracker
based on solar maps”. In this research paper design of dual axis solar tracker
based on solar maps. In this examination paper energy creation of a sun oriented
collecting framework furnished with sun based following can be expanded by
approx28% in correlation with fixed establishment.
ResearchPaper – 18 Designand implementationanalysis of adual axis
autonomous solar tracker.
Md. Saifuddin Munna, Kazi Mustafir Rahman, Md. Ariful Islam Bhuyan and Md.
Ashiqul Hoque “Design and implementation analysis of a dual axis autonomous
solar tracker”. In this research paper to obtain efficient and easiest design than
other tracker based on a particular technique. This paper proposed a design,
implementation and performance of energy efficient solar tracking system based
on closed loop technique.
ResearchPaper – 19 Performance Comparisonof Dual Axis Solar Tracker with
Static Solar SysteminUral Regionof Russia
Adven Masih;Ismoil Odinaev“Performance Comparison of Dual
Axis Solar Tracker with Static Solar System in Ural Region of Russia”.In this

22. investigation paper study draws an assessment between the show of Dual Axis
Solar Tracker (DAST) and Static Solar System (SSS) or a close by planetary
gathering with fixed center point to study the daylight based power potential.
Researchpaper – 20 Hybrid loop controlledsolar tracker for hybridsolar energy
harvester.
Szilard Bularka and Aurel Gontean “Hybrid loop controlled solar tracker for hybrid
solar energy harvester”.
CHAPTER-3 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
In this chapter we will discuss aboutour projectdesign and implementation.
3.1 Development of the Project -
3.2 Technical details
Dual axis tracker stick to the sun much greater as contrast to single axis tracker. It
consists of two motors, one for X axis rotation and other for Y axis rotation. The
microcontroller is programmed to controls the motors such that all LDRs receive
maximum amount of light which ensure that solar panel is also receiving
maximum sunlight for maximum power generation.
Driving unit Solar Panel Driving unit
Sensing unit
Control unit Power
Source

23. Block Diagram-
3.3 Algorithm
Step-1 Start
Step-2 Initialize all mandatory inputs and outputs to zero.
Step-3 Assign analog LDRoutputs and PWMservomotor inputs to Arduino UNO
Step-4 If center LDR=0, then (longer)
Step-5 Check alignment( from north-south and east-west)
Step-6 If up (LDR) greater than center and down (LDR) lesser than center, then
increase position of servomotor 1 by 1 unit. Give delay.
Step-7 Else If up (LDR) lesser than center and down (LDR) greater than center,
then decrease position of servomotor 1 by 1 unit. Give delay.
Step-8 ( Along with step (6). If right (LDR) greater than center and left (LDR) lesser
than center then increasethe position of servomotor 2 by 1 unit. Give delay.
LDR 1 – IR sensor 1
LDR 2 – IR sensor 2
2222222
LDR 3 – IR sensor 3
3 sensor sesensor
Micro controller
Motor output – x
axis
Motor output – y
axis

24. CHAPTER-4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
The fundamental point of this task is to make a high-level sun oriented global
positioning framework for sunlight-based board which is significantly more
proficient than a solitary pivot sun-based tracker by utilizing double axis which
gives greater adaptability to the turn of sun-based board and amplifying the force
age.
Double axis tracker has permit our boards to continue forward two hub, adjusted
both north-south and east-westand expanded our power yield up to 35% to 40%
It is the most differentiating and eco-accommodating method of creating
increasingly more power.

25. CHAPTER-5 Conclusion & Future Scope
5.1:Conclusion
The project is very useful cost effective and eco-friendly and it can be used for
many purposes commercially as well As for domestic purposes and it is totally

26. safe for the environment because everything can be recycled and does not
pollute the environment the new thing that is introduced with the help of project
is the use of the dual axis technique by using the gearmotor.
All throughout the planet, sun power became the third most prominent
wellspring of energy after hydro and wind. In like manner, getting an overall eye a
connection between the introduction of twofold turn sun-based tracker and static
close by planetary gathering or a nearby planetary framework with fixed center to
assess the day-light based power ability of any area by using distinctive sun point
like summit, sun-controlled height, etc. Sun based irradiance was figure during a
day either cloudy or good, while the consolidated energy delivered during the
whole month was also assessed. Furthermore, for clear understanding monitor
says during the day similarly as during the whole month were considered to the
results routinely as energy.
Two-fold rotate worldwide situating structure can follow the sun up and on a level
plane through ideal light sensors related with control system including Arduino
program most noteworthy Power Point following daylight based model has been
gathered related the most diminished cost mechanical course of action of
following load up at whatever point differentiated and other instrument
methodology for sun based worldwide situating system new model worldwide
situating structure is inspected and differentiated and the old establishment
structure control unit is related the close by planetary gathering to permit the
accompanying sun based load up offers independently or composed to other sun
arranged load up the results are explored that I sure the most outrageous
PowerPoint following has energy viable and more reliability than changed fixed
this sun based load up .
Reenactment model of a day-light based power twofold center system for
following the sun has been made states of the delivered electric power by
statically and effectively discovered sun situated cell modules on time of day are
procured.

27. Also the stack assessment uncovers that foundation of twofold center sun fueled
sheets on rooftops helps with supporting ideal energy. Since overhauling power
age is super costly, sun arranged PV could be a legitimate decision to fulfill the
augmentation interest if we can create sufficient power from sun is based on can
fill two necessities - we can satisfy the hard and fast private need and contribute
overabundance ability to National Grid. This the start of developing twofold Axis
daylight put together tracker with respect to roofs looks good.
5.2:Future Scope
1.A trustworthy plan is excessively costly stood out from sun arranged board
costs. thus, adding an additional board to the structure rather than spending on
after plan is extensively more monetarily sagacious.
2.Mounting of the sheets: In our arrangement the sheets are on a level shaft
maintained unequivocally at the two completions. we can mount the sheets
clearly onto a motor set at the point of convergence of the board base to give
east-West turn of events. This reduces the weight and incredible cost of the
undertaking.
3.Design Improvement: With the current arrangement it might be seen that the
controller circuit turns close by the board. This was done to do whatever it takes
not to tangle of wires an unrivaled arrangement may be recognized in which
simply the board turns and any excess parts are fixed.4.Improving the mechanical
structure.
5.Adjusting thegear ratio to decrease energy loss.
6.Stopping the motors while there is no need of movement.

28. References
1. S.V Mitrofanov, D.K Baykasenov, M.A Suleen “Simulation model of
autonomous solar power plant with dual axis solar tracker” International
ural conferenceon green energy (UralCon), 2018.
2. Yash Ajgaonkar, Mayuri Bhirud, Poornima Rao “Design of standalone solar
PV system using MPPT controller and self-cleaning dual axis tracker” 5th
International conference on advance computing and communication
system(ICACCS), 2019.
3. Hend Abd El-monern Salama, Adel Taha Mohamed Taha “Practical
implementation of dual axis solar tracking system” twentieth international
middle east power system conference (MEPCON), Cairo university, Egypt,
2018.
4. A.K. Suria, R. Mohamad Idris “Dual axis solar tracker based on predictive
control algorithms” 978-1-4-799-8598-2/15/c 2015 IEEE.
5. Sidharth Makhija, Aishwarya Khatwani, Mohd. Faisal Khan, Vrinder Goel,
Dr. M. Mani Raja “Design and implementation of an automated dual axis
solar tracker with data logging” International conference on inventive
systemand control(ICISC-2017).
6. M.H.M Sidek, W.Z.W Hasan, M.Z.A. Ab. Kadir, S. Shafia, M.A.M Radzi, S.A.
Ahmad, M.H. Marhaban “GPS Based portable dual axis solar tracking
system using astronomical equation” IEEE International conference power
and energy (PECON), 2014.
7. Amit Chakraborty Chhoton, Narayan Ranjan Chakraborty “Dual axis solar
tracking system – A comprehensive study – Bangladesh context” 4th
International conference on advances in electrical engineering (ICAEE) 28-
30 September, Dhaka Bangladesh, 2017.
8. Pallavi N. Patil, M.A. Khandekar, Shubham N. Patil “Automatic dual axis
solar tracking for parabolic dish” International, communication and Bio-
Informatics (AEEICB16),2016IEEE.
9. Shyngus Almakhanovich Sadyrbayev, Amangeldi Bekbaevich Bekbayev,
Seitzhan Orynbayev and Zhanibek Zhanatovich Kaliyev “Design and
research of dual axis solar tracking system in condition of Tawn almaty”
Middle east journal of scientific research 17(12): 1747-1751, 2013 ISSN
1990-9233 c IDOSI publication, 2013.

29. 10.Farhana Afrin, Twisha Titirsha Syeda Sanjidah, A.R.M Siddique, Asif Rabbani
“Installing dual axis solar tracker on rooftop to meet the soaring demand of
energy for developing countries” Conferencepaper- December 2013.
11. Aditya Sawant, Deepak Bondre, Apurav Joshi, Prasad Tambavekar “Design
and analysis of automated dual axis solar tracker based on light sensors”
Second international conference on I- SMAC (IOT in social, mobile, analytic
and cloud) (I-SMAC2018).
12. S.B. Elagib, N.H. Osman “Design and implementation of dualaxis solar
tracker based on solar maps” International conference on computing,
Electrical and Electronic engineering (ICCEEE), 2013.
13. Mohammed Saifuddin Munna, Mohammad Ariful Islam Bhuyam, Kazi
Mustafizur Rahman, Md. Ashiqul Hoque “Design, Implementation and
performanceanalysis of a dual-axis autonomous solar tracker” c 2015 IEEE.
14. Szilard Bularka, Aurel Gontean “Hybrid loop controlled solar trackers for
hybrid solar energy harvester” 25th
Telecommunications forum TELFOR
2017, Serbia, Belgrade, November 21-22, 2017.
15. Adven Masih, Ismail Odinaev “Performance comparison of dual axis solar
tracker with static solar system in ural symposium on biomedical
engineering, Radioelectronics and Information technology (USBEREIT).
16. Dian Artanto, A. Prasetyadi, Doddy Purwadianta, Rusdi Sambada “Design of
a GPS-Based solar tracker system for a vertical solar still” Conference paper
Bali 6-8 October 2016, ICSGTEIS2016.
17. Wahab Ali Shah, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Rafiq Mansoor, Arshad
“Analysis of power – efficient high torque solar tracker through PID
controller” 2020 7th
International conference on Electrical and Electronics
engineering.
18. Singgih Hawibowo, Imadudin Ala, Rachmana Berlindo Citra Lestari, Fahmy
Rinando Saputri “Stepper motor driven solar tracker system for solar panel”
4th
International conference on science and technology (ICST) Yogyakarta,
Indonesia, 2018.
19. Abdelilah Said, Soukaina Medaghri Alaoni, Youssef Rouas, Gauthier
Dambrine, Etienne Menard, Jay Boardman and Abdelfettah Barhdadi
“Innovative low-cost cleaning technique for PV modules on solar tracker”
Conference paper IEEE, 2018.

30. 20. Prachi Rani, Omveer Singh, Shivam Pandey “An analysis on Arduino based
single axis solar tracker” 5th
IEEE Uttar Pradesh section international
conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer engineering, 2018.