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ITERATIVE VESSEL SEGMENTATION OF FUNDUS IMAGES
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a novel unsupervised iterative blood vessel segmentation algorithm
using fundus images. First, a vessel enhanced image is generated by to phat reconstruction of the
negative green plane image. An initial estimate of the segmented vasculature is extracted by
global thresholding the vessel enhanced image. Next, new vessel pixels are identified iteratively
by adaptive thre sholding of the residual image generated by masking out the existing segmented
vessel estimate from the vessel enhanced image. The new vessel pixels are, then, region grown
into the existing vessel, thereby resulting in an iterative enhancement of the segmented vessel
structure. As the iterations progress, the number of false edge pixels identified as new vessel
pixels increases compared to the number of actual vessel pixels. A key contribution of this paper
is a novel stopping criterion that terminates the iterative process leading to higher vessel
segmentation accuracy. This iterative algorithm is robust to the rate of new vessel pixel addition
since it achieves 93.2–95.35% vessel segmentation accuracy with 0.9577–0.9638 area under
ROC curve (AUC) on abnormal retinal images from the STARE dataset. The proposed algorithm
is computationally efficient and consistent in vessel segmentation performance for retinal images
with variations due to pathology, uneven illumination, pigmentation, and fields of view since it
achieves a vessel segmentation accuracy of about 95% in an average time of 2.45, 3.95, and 8 s
on images from three public datasets DRIVE, STARE, and CHASE_DB1, respectively.
Additionally, the proposed algorithm has more than 90% segmentation accuracy for segmenting
peripapillary blood vessels in the images from the DRIVE and CHASE_DB1 datasets.

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Iterative vessel segmentation of fundus images

  • 1. ITERATIVE VESSEL SEGMENTATION OF FUNDUS IMAGES ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel unsupervised iterative blood vessel segmentation algorithm using fundus images. First, a vessel enhanced image is generated by to phat reconstruction of the negative green plane image. An initial estimate of the segmented vasculature is extracted by global thresholding the vessel enhanced image. Next, new vessel pixels are identified iteratively by adaptive thre sholding of the residual image generated by masking out the existing segmented vessel estimate from the vessel enhanced image. The new vessel pixels are, then, region grown into the existing vessel, thereby resulting in an iterative enhancement of the segmented vessel structure. As the iterations progress, the number of false edge pixels identified as new vessel pixels increases compared to the number of actual vessel pixels. A key contribution of this paper is a novel stopping criterion that terminates the iterative process leading to higher vessel segmentation accuracy. This iterative algorithm is robust to the rate of new vessel pixel addition since it achieves 93.2–95.35% vessel segmentation accuracy with 0.9577–0.9638 area under ROC curve (AUC) on abnormal retinal images from the STARE dataset. The proposed algorithm is computationally efficient and consistent in vessel segmentation performance for retinal images with variations due to pathology, uneven illumination, pigmentation, and fields of view since it achieves a vessel segmentation accuracy of about 95% in an average time of 2.45, 3.95, and 8 s on images from three public datasets DRIVE, STARE, and CHASE_DB1, respectively. Additionally, the proposed algorithm has more than 90% segmentation accuracy for segmenting peripapillary blood vessels in the images from the DRIVE and CHASE_DB1 datasets.