2. SIR ISSAC NEWTON
Issac Newton was born on 25th December 1642,in
Woolsthrope , England ,the year Galileo died.
He was an English mathematician , astronomer and
physicist who invented calculus.
His extraordinary mathematical ability and mechanical
aptitude remained hidden from others in his school life.
In 1662 he went to Cambridge for undergraduate
studies.
A plague epidemic in 1665 forced the university town to
close and Newton had to retured to his mother’s farm.
There in two years of solitude his dormant creativity
blossomed in a deluge of fundamental discoveries in
mathematics and physics.
4. LAWS OF MOTION
Newton formulated the three laws of motion,
providing a fundamental framework for
understanding the relationship between the motion
of an object and the forces acting on it .
NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF MOTION:
An object at rest tend to stay at rest and that an object in
uniform motion tends to stay in uniform motion unless
acted upon by a net external force.
5. NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION:
The acceleration produced on a body by a force is
proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely
propotional to the mass of the object.
NEWTONS THIRD LAW OF MOTION
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
6. OPTICS-REFRACTION OF LIGHT
Newton investigated the refraction of light and proved that
sunlight is a combination of seven colours.The mixture of
these seven colours produces white light,which was
demonstrated by Newtonian colour disc.
He postulated that light consisted of streams of minute
particles called ‘corpuscles’and suggested corpusculary
theory of light.
7. He built the first reflecting
telescope,instead of using lenses he used a
curved mirror.
He invented the Newtonian telescope.
8. WORKS ON GRAVITATION AND
MECHANICS
Newton identified gravitation as the fundamental force
controlling the motion of celestial bodies.
The force of gravity acting between earth and any other
object is directly proportional to the mass of the earth and
the mass of the body and inversely proportional to the
square of the distance which separates the centres of the
earth and the object.
He calculated the relative mass of heavenly bodies.
9. CALCULUS
Newton started developing calculus in 1666,but never
got around to publish in that time.
The Binomial Theorm was one of the factor for the
creation of calculus.This helped scientists account for
theoretical variables that led to other discoveries such
as theory of relativity and nuclear fission.
10. THEORY OF FLUIDS
Newton solved problems of fluids in movement and of
motion through fluids.From the density of air he
calculate
11. PRINCIPIA
MATHEMATICA
First published in 1687, Principia
Mathematica (Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica) is one of the
most important books on natural
philosophy in which Newton
establishes the modern science of
dynamics and outlines his three laws
of motion.
