Isaac Newton was an English physicist and mathematician born in 1643 who died in 1727. He made revolutionary advances in many areas of science including mathematics, optics, and astronomy. In 1687, he published his book "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" which described his three laws of motion and established that gravity on Earth is the same force that holds the planets in orbit. Newton helped develop calculus and made important contributions to many areas of mathematics and physics through his work.

1. Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton was an English physicist and mathematician.
Isaac Newton was born in 1643, and died in March 1727.He
studied in Trinity collage and in Cambridge. At the age 22
after college, Newton began revolutionary advances in
mathematics, optics, dynamics, thermodynamics, acoustics and
celestial mechanics. Many of Newton's discoveries are common
knowledge today, but were revolutionary in his time.
In 1687 he published a book called “Philosophiæ Naturalis
Principia Mathematica” which is considered as one of the most
important scientific books ever written.He is famous for his
Three Laws of Motion (inertia, force and reciprocal
action).Newton was also the first person to prove that the
gravity we observe on Earth is the same force that keeps the
planets in orbit. The myth that an apple fell from a tree and hit
him on the head is what inspired his theory of gravitation.
He shares credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the Fundamental
Theorem of Calculus. Calculus is the mathematics used to work
out problems about rates of change. He used calculus to find
areas, tangents, the lengths of curves and the maxima and
minima of functions. His mathematical works include the
Binomial Theorem, his eponymous numeric method, the idea of
polar coordinates, and power series for exponential and
trigonometric functions. Among with many other theorems, he
proved several about quadrilaterals. He also developed a series
for the arcsine functions and he developed facts about cubic
equations and proved that same-mass spheres of any radius
have equal gravitational attraction. He also proved that the
properties of coloured light do not change by separating out a
coloured beam and shining it on different objects. He found
out that colour is the result of objects having an effect with
already-coloured light rather than objects producing the
colours themselves. This is known as Newton's theory of
colour.

2. With discoveries in physics and mathematics Isaac
Newton developed the principles of modern physics.
Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
(Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) 1687
was one of the most important works in the history of
modern science.
Isaac Newton, who lived during the 18th century, was
one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists. He
used maths to research astronomy and physics. Newton
proved many theorems in his time about quadrilaterals.
And some of his discoveries are about gravity and the
paths of the planets around the sun. Newton also
designed the first reflecting telescope and first
reflecting microscope.