This document provides an introduction to halal in Islam. It begins with definitions of halal and haram, explaining that halal means lawful or permitted while haram means prohibited. It discusses the sources of halal and haram in Islamic law, citing verses from the Quran. It also covers the concept of halal food of animal and plant origin. The document aims to explain the meaning of halal in Islam and the sources of halal and haram rulings. It provides learning outcomes for students to understand these core concepts related to halal.
Awareness about halal and Haram according to Islamic rules.
Halal
In heaven, everything will be halal, even wine. It wont be the kind that gets people drunk. It will be flavorful and tasty. 37:47
Halal meat is slaughtered in a way that the animals die painlessly. Allah's name is mentioned. The blood is drained so the meat is more healthy. This preparation is called Dhabiha meat.
Remember...if you stay away from food that you are not allowed to eat for Allah's sake, He will reward you more
Haram
Any action forbidden by Allah in the Quran or by the Prophet. Any action against the spirit of Islam.
English meaning: unlawful
Contact:
nomanaleemft@gmail.com
00923084089243
Awareness about halal and Haram according to Islamic rules.
Halal
In heaven, everything will be halal, even wine. It wont be the kind that gets people drunk. It will be flavorful and tasty. 37:47
Halal meat is slaughtered in a way that the animals die painlessly. Allah's name is mentioned. The blood is drained so the meat is more healthy. This preparation is called Dhabiha meat.
Remember...if you stay away from food that you are not allowed to eat for Allah's sake, He will reward you more
Haram
Any action forbidden by Allah in the Quran or by the Prophet. Any action against the spirit of Islam.
English meaning: unlawful
Contact:
nomanaleemft@gmail.com
00923084089243
This topic focus on the basic possible halal hazard which may occur in the food manufacturing and food services. The halal hazard focus on processing method, raw material, people (man), and environment. It is important for a Halal competent personnel to identify halal hazard as to ensure these contaminant can be eliminated or controlled to a permissible level. An identified halal hazard ensure appropriate and effective monitoring program can be established and implemented. Also allows accurate correction and corrective action can be developed, in situation where deviation occur.
Halal Awareness is a training program which focus on the basic requirements on Malaysia Halal Certification.
This program covers on the concept of Halal in Islam, What Does Halal Means to the Muslim, The principles of Halal and Haram in Islam and also on the fundamental requirements for certification.
Halal Ingredient- Processe Food refers to basic introduction of what is Halal Ingredients and related process which is possible in producing the ingredients. Also highlight the possible hazards related to Halal during processing.
Internal Halal Control System - source of contaminationAzurah Abdul Aziz
Halal - in implementing a system to eliminate and control hazards related to Halal.
The hazards comer from people, environment, process and device/utensil.
This document outlines the dietary requirements of religious Muslims, with regards to meat, poultry and dairy as prescribed by the Islamic Foundation of Ireland.
Zawya Islamic Hosts a collection of valuable research papers gathered from global providers and market practitioners. The collection is available on http://www.zawya.com/shariah-legal/listing/shariahresearch/
This topic focus on the basic possible halal hazard which may occur in the food manufacturing and food services. The halal hazard focus on processing method, raw material, people (man), and environment. It is important for a Halal competent personnel to identify halal hazard as to ensure these contaminant can be eliminated or controlled to a permissible level. An identified halal hazard ensure appropriate and effective monitoring program can be established and implemented. Also allows accurate correction and corrective action can be developed, in situation where deviation occur.
Halal Awareness is a training program which focus on the basic requirements on Malaysia Halal Certification.
This program covers on the concept of Halal in Islam, What Does Halal Means to the Muslim, The principles of Halal and Haram in Islam and also on the fundamental requirements for certification.
Halal Ingredient- Processe Food refers to basic introduction of what is Halal Ingredients and related process which is possible in producing the ingredients. Also highlight the possible hazards related to Halal during processing.
Internal Halal Control System - source of contaminationAzurah Abdul Aziz
Halal - in implementing a system to eliminate and control hazards related to Halal.
The hazards comer from people, environment, process and device/utensil.
This document outlines the dietary requirements of religious Muslims, with regards to meat, poultry and dairy as prescribed by the Islamic Foundation of Ireland.
Zawya Islamic Hosts a collection of valuable research papers gathered from global providers and market practitioners. The collection is available on http://www.zawya.com/shariah-legal/listing/shariahresearch/
Student’s Last Name 1Banning Halal; Act of Aggression towards .docxhanneloremccaffery
Student’s Last Name 1
Banning Halal; Act of Aggression towards Islamic religion
“Forbidden to you (for food) are: dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which has been invoked the name of other than Allah; that which hath been killed by strangling, or by a violent blow,” (Surat Al Maidah, Quran, 5:3).In the Islamic faith, the things someone is allowed to do and those one is not allowed to do are clearly stated and have not been altered for the last 1435 years. The term “Halal” translates to ‘allow’ in Arabic. Most people associate the Islamic term “Halal” with the food recommended for consumption but also the term has a broader meaning; it stands for all things a Muslim is allowed to engage in by the Islamic religion. The opposite of Halal is Haram that is the things that one is not allowed to engage in. In recent times, there has been debate as to whether ‘Halal’ mode of killing animals should be banned or maintained. This is a controversial issue mostly in European nations and different verdicts have been arrived at by different countries. Countries that have banned or proposed the banning of Halal mode of meat preparation have shown discriminatory characteristics. The fact that we live in a global village provides that there be no space for anti-tolerance sentiments. By banning “Halal” meat preparation, the government is asking people to choose between secular laws and Islamic laws which is equal to asking them to denounce their faith. As well, it is a sign of disrespect for doctrines of a religion that has existed for thousands of years, banning Halal is seen as form of Islamphobia. On the other hand, activists for the ban claim that Halal way of preparing meat is inhumane and that is why it should be banned and replaced with other modern methods. Although most nations are banning Halal Meat preparation or thinking of it, Halal method of preparing meat should not be banned because it goes against a fundamental right of people to practice their religious rights.
First, governments who ban Halal mode of slaughtering are asking a person to choose secular laws over religious laws which is equivalent to asking them to denounce their faith. Banning of Halal mode of slaughtering animals which is the only way a Muslim is allowed to eat any kind of meat is going to be detrimental to the followers of the Islamic faith because the Quran explicitly forbids eating of any meat prepared in any other way apart from the Halal way. According to Sharia law, a Muslim before eating any kind of food especially meat must have undergone specific rituals of preparing it. The method used to slaughter is referred to as Dhabi bah. In this method, a very sharp knife is used to cut an animal’s throat. The sharp knife is meant to ensure that an animal suffers the least amount of pain as it takes only one swift stroke to cut its neck during the process. Food to be eaten by a Muslim must be prepared by a Muslim who uses Halal ways of slaughtering his animals.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
3. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO HALAL
Prepared By:
Nuruul Hidayah Binti Mansor
Academy Of Contemporary Islamic Studies (Acis)
UiTM NEGERI SEMBILAN
Updated: Disember 2018
4. INTRODUCTION TO HALAL IN ISLAM
• 1.1 Meaning of Halal in Islam
• 1.2 Sources of Halal in Islam
• 1.3 Source of Haram in Islam
• 1.4 Concept of Halal and Toyyiba
• 1.5 Halal food of Animal Origin
• 1.6 Halal food of Plant Origin
CONTENT
LEARNING OUTCOME:
• Student should be able to explain the meaning of
Halal in Islam.
• Student should be able to explain the sources of
Halal and Haram in Islam
5. DEFINITION
1
2
HALAL :
Literal: The word Halal is an Arabic term, which derives from the
verb Halla ―to be or become lawful, legal, licit, legitimate,
permissible, permitted, allowable, allowed, admissible, un-prohibited,
un- forbidden.
Technical:
• The meaning of halal can be derived from an
analogy of knotted rope. ( Surah Taha : 27).
• A knotted rope tied to something is unusable unless
it is untied. Or in the other words, a knotted rope
tied to something cannot be used as long as it is still
in a knot. So, the concept of halal can derive from
this analogy.
3 According to JAKIM guideline:
Halal is defined as food not made of, or containing
parts of animal origin which Islamic law forbids to be
consumed. Food is halal if it does not contain or come
into contact with anything regarded as filth e.g. carrion,
alcohol, pork, blood, faeces, urine. It must also be
prepared , processed or manufactured using
ََو
ُ
هَ۞و
َ
ِي
ذ
ٱَّل
َ
َ
أ
َ
نش
َ
أ
َ
تَّٰذنَج
َ
تَّٰ َ
وشُرۡعذم
ََ ۡ
ي
َ
غَو
َ
تَّٰ َ
وشُرۡعَم
َ
َ
ل
ۡ
خذٱنلَو
َ
َ
عۡرذٱلزَو
ا
ً
فِلَت
ۡ ُ
ُم
ۥُه
ُ
ل
ُ
ك
ُ
أ
َ
َ
ونُتۡيذٱلزَو
َ
َ
انذمُّٱلرَو
اٗهِبَّٰ َ
ش
َ
تُم
ََ ۡ
ي
َ
غَو
َُم
َ
هِبَّٰ َ
ش
َ
ت
َ
وا
ُ ُ
ُك
ِنم
َ
ِۦهِرَم
َ
ث
َ
ا
َ
ذِإ
ََرَم
ۡ
ث
َ
أ
َ
وا
ُ
اتَءَو
ۥُه
ذ
قَح
ََمۡوَي
َ
ِۦهِدا َ
صَح
َ
َ
لَو
َ
ُ
فِ
ۡ
ۡس
ُ
ت
َ
او
ۥُه
ذ
نِإ
َ
َ
ل
َُّ
بِ
ُ
ُي
ََِيفِ
ۡ
ۡسُم
ۡ
ٱل
١٤١
‖ It is He, Who produce gardens, with trellises and without, and dates, and tilth with
produce of all kinds, and olives and pomegranates, similar (in kind) and different (in
variety): eat of their fruit in their season, but render the dues that are proper on the day
that the harvest is gathered. But waste not by excess: for Allah loveth not the wasters
اَهُّي
َ
أََٰٓي
َ ُ
اسذٱنل
َ
وا
ُ ُ
ُك
اذِمم
َِ
ف
َ ِ
ۡرض
َ ۡ
ٱۡل
َ
ٗ
لَّٰ َ
لَح
َ
ِي َ
ط
اٗب
…
١٦٨
O men! eat of what is on earth lawful and good….
Al-Quran :
6. Why Halal is important?
• Halal products are become the new
benchmark for safety, hygiene and
quality assurance for Muslims and
non Muslims.
• The concept of halal goes beyond
the consumption.
• It is no longer purely religious issue
but encompasses business and
trade.
• By understanding what constitutes
halal, the consumers become
religious or halal-conscious.
• The manufacturers can adopt halal
regulations and halal quality
standards in producing halal
products and services.
Why certain foods are prohibited in Islam?
Anything allowed or forbidden in Islam has been scientifically proved
correct and non-Muslims also admit this fact. For example pork and
alcoholic beverages.
i. Pork (flesh of pig):
Scientific research found that pork can contribute to various diseases such
as Trichinosis or trichinellosis since pigs carry a variety of parasites in
their bodies and meat.
i. Alcoholic beverages:
In Islam, alcoholic beverages or any intoxicant are generally forbidden
because it not only turns people away from God and forget about prayer
but also can be the cause of liver failure, cardiovascular disease, cancer,
and anemia.
7. Meaning & Sources
HARAM :
1 • Something which is prohibited by Allah SWT. It is the
opposite of halal.
• Whoever Muslims committed with haram will be
regarded as sinful and punished either in the world of
hereafter.
“ He has only forbidden to you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine and that
which has been dedicated to other than Allah. But whoever os forced (by
necessity), neither desiring (it) nor transgressing ( its limit) – then indeed, Allah is
forgiving and Merciful.”
Sources of Haram in Islam
• Dogs and pigs and their descendants
• halal food that is contaminated with things that are non-Halal;
• halal food that comes into direct contact with things that are non-Halal
• any liquid and objects discharged from the orifices of human beings or animals such as urine, blood, vomit, pus,
placenta and excrement, sperm and ova of pigs and dogs except sperm and ova of other animals;
• carrion or Halal animals that are not slaughtered according to Shariah law
• khamar and food or drink which contain or mixed with khamar
8. Cont’
• Blood that pours forth is prohibited for consumption. It
includes blood of permitted and non-permitted animal alike.
• Liquid blood is generally not offered for sale or consumed by
Muslims or non Muslims but products made with and from
blood are available.
• Products like blood sausage and ingredients like blood
albumin are haram and should be prohibited from product
formulations.
• The meat of pigs, boars, and swine is strictly
prohibited, as are the carnivorous animals such as
lions, tigers, cheetahs, cats, dogs, and wolves. Also
prohibited are birds of prey such as eagles, fal-
cons, osprey, kites, and vultures.
• The animals fed unclean or filthy feed; for example,
formulated with biosolids (sewage) or protein from
tankage, must be quarantined and placed on clean
feed for a period varying from 3 to 40 days before
slaughter to cleanse their systems.
9. HALAL FOOD
Halal food usually refers to food that is allowed to be
consumed by Muslims, as outlined in the Islamic law.
In perspective, every aspect of a Muslim‘s life
including his dietary requirements is regulated by the
Islamic law, which is based on the Quran, Hadith, Ijma
and Qiyas‘. Basically, the basic principle of a Muslim
diet is the food should be halal (permissible) and
Tayyiban (wholesome) as clearly stated in the Quran,
2:168.
Scope of halal products encompass various stage
which are from processing, packaging, storing,
transporting and cooking.
For example the production of halal poultry (e.g
chicken, meat), the halal starts from breeding,
slaughtering, stunning, packaging, transporting
and cooking.
Aims for this course:
Halal covers the aspects of slaughtering, storage, display,
preparation, hygiene and sanitation. It covers food as well as non-
food category of products.
Halal Food according to MS1500:2009
Does not contain any Najs according to Shariah Law
Does not contain any parts or products or parts of animals which are not slaughtered according to Shariah Law.
Safe for consumption, non poisonous, non- intoxicating or non- hazardous to health.
Not prepared, processed or manufactured using equipment contaminated with Najs according to Shariah Law
Does not contain any human parts or its derivatives that are not permitted by Shariah Law
During preparation, processing, handling, packaging, storage and distribution, the food must meet the requirements stated in items
above.
10. SLAUGHTERING OF ANIMAL
Muslim slaughter is an entity to the religion. The method of slaughtering is according to the Islamic Law. It is
different from other religion’s slaughtering method; it is not a ritual slaughtering and offerings to god. Halal
animals are slaughtered to express respects to them and to thank Allah for It's gifts in providing the animal as
clean and healthy food. The act of slaughtering must assure the animal suffer minimal pain as possible. All
forms of Islamic slaughtering must comply with the following regulations:
Slaughtering must be performed manually by Muslim of sound mind,
mature and he fully understands the fundamentals and conditions related
to slaughtering.
Animals to be slaughtered must be animals that are permitted (Halal) to be
eaten.
Live animals living in their habitat (Hayat Mustaqirrah). The animal must be
healthy and not in the state of stress.
The respiratory tract, esophagus (channel for taking in food) and jugular
vein must be severed, to assure maximum removal of blood and less
suffering to the animal, and
All slaughtering devices must be sharp and are not made of bones, nails
and teeth. The use of sharp and clean slaughtering devices is to assure that
the act of slaughtering is quick and not cruel to the animal and that the
animal experience minimal pain as possible
11. IS INSECT HALAL TO EAT?
عمر بن هللا عبد عن
-
عنهما هللا رضي
-
قال
:
هللا رسول قال
-
وسلم عليه هللا صلى
-
:
«
ِانَتَتْيَم لكم ْتَّل ِحُأ
،ِانَمَدَو
الميتتان فأما
:
ِانَمَّدال وأما ،ُوتُحْلوا ُداَرَجْلاَف
:
والطحال فالكبد
[
صحيح
].
-
[
وأحمد ماجه ابن رواه
].
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon
him) said: "Two kinds of dead meat and two kinds of blood have been made lawful for you. The two kinds of dead meat are
fish and locusts, and the two kinds of blood are the liver and spleen."
According to the above hadith, it is halal to eat liver and spleen although these two kinds based on blood. And it is also halal
to eat locust although it is an insect. Fish is halal although it is considered as dead meat (not slaughtered animal).
Locusts are grasshoppers, such as the migratory locust (Locust migrate), that have entered into a migratory phase of their
life.
12. Halal and Toyyiba
Halalan Thoyyiban merely means allowed and
permissible for consumption with relation to Shariah
law as long as they are safe and not harmful.
On the other hand is defined as “assurance and
guarantee that both aspects of halalan and toyyiban
are integrated into holistic and balanced requirements
that fulfil the condition, situation and application
needs”.
13. SOURCES OF HALAL IN ISLAM
Al-baqarah (2:173)
ِهُأ ٓاَم َو ِ
ير ِ
نز ِخۡٱل َم ۡ
حَل َو ََّمدٱل َو َةَتۡيَمۡٱل ُمُڪۡيَلَع َمَّرَح اَمَّنِإ
َغ َّرُط ۡٱض ِنَمَف ِۖ َّ
ٱَّلل ِ
رَۡيغِل ۦِهِب َّل
اغَب َرۡي
َّنِإ ِۚهۡيَلَع َمۡثِإ ٓ َ
َلَف ادَع َ
َل َو
يم ِحَّر ورُفَغ َ َّ
ٱَّلل
He has only forbidden you only carrion, and blood, and swineflesh, and that which hath been immolated to (the name of) any other than
Allah. But he who is driven by necessity, neither craving nor transgressing, it is no sin for him. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. (173)
Al-baqarah (2:168)
َت َ
َل َو اابِيَط اَلٰـَلَح ِ
ض ۡ
رَ ۡ
ٱۡل ىِف اَّمِم ْاوُلُك ُاسَّنٱل اَهُّيَأٰٓـَي
ۥ ُهَّنِإ ِۚنٰـَطۡيَّشٱل ِتٲ َوُطُخ ْاوُعِبَّت
ُدَع ۡمُكَل
ينِبُّم و
(
١٦٨
)
O mankind! Eat of that which is lawful and wholesome in the earth, and follow not the footsteps of the devil. Lo! he is an open enemy for you. (168)
Al-Maidah (5:1)
يِہَب مُكَل ۡ
تَّل ِحُأ ِۚدوُقُعۡٱلِب ْاوُف ۡ
وَأ ْا ٓوُنَماَء َِينذَّٱل اَهُّيَأٰٓـَي
ُكۡيَلَع ٰ
ىَلۡتُي اَم َّ
َلِإ ِمٰـَعۡنَ ۡ
ٱۡل ُةَم
ِحُم َرَۡيغ ۡم
َ َّ
ٱَّلل َّنِإ ۗمُرُح ۡمُتنَأ َو ِدۡيَّصٱل ىِل
ُدي ِرُي اَم ُمُك ۡ
حَي
(
١
)
O ye who believe! Fulfil your undertakings. The beast of cattle is made lawful unto you (for food) except that which is announced unto
you (herein), game being unlawful when ye are on the pilgrimage. Lo! Allah ordaineth that which pleaseth Him. (1)
SOURCES OF HARAM
ِطٰـَيَّشٱل َّنِإ َو ۗقۡسِفَل ۥ ُهَّنِإ َو ِهۡيَلَع ِ َّ
ٱَّلل ُمۡٱس ِرَكۡذُي ۡمَل اَّمِم ْاوُلُڪۡأَت َ
َل َو
ٰٓ
ىَلِإ َونُحوُيَل َين
ُتۡعَطَأ ۡ
نِإ َو ۖ ۡمُكوُلِدٰـَجُيِل ۡمِهِٕٮٓاَيِل ۡ
وَأ
َونُك ِرۡشُمَل ۡمُكَّنِإ ۡمُهوُم
(
١٢١
)
And eat not of that whereon Allah's name hath not been mentioned, for lo! it is abomination. Lo! the devils do inspire their minions to dispute with you. But if ye obey them, ye
will be in truth idolaters. (121)
14. All land animals are ha/al as food except the following:
animals that are not slaughtered according to Shariah law;
najs a/-mughallazah animal, i.e. pigs and dogs their descendants;
animals with long pointed teeth or tusks which are used to kill prey
such as tigers, bears, elephants, cats, monkeys, etc.;
predator birds such as eagles, owls and etc.;
pests and/or poisonous animals such as rats, cockroaches,
centipedes, scorpions, snakes, wasps and other similar animals;
animals that are forbidden to be killed in Islam such as bees (a/-
nahlah), woodpeckers (hud-hud), etc.;
creatures that are considered repulsive such as lice, flies, etc.;
farmed ha/al animals which are intentionally and continually fed
with najs; and
other animals forbidden to be eaten in accordance to Shariah law
such as donkeys and mules
• Aquatic animals are those which live in water and cannot survive
outside it, such as fish, All aquatic animals are ha/al except those that
are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous to health. Animals that live
both on land and water such as crocodiles, turtles and frogs are not
halal.
• Aquatic animals which live in najs or intentionally and/or continually fed
with najs are not halal.
AQUATIC ANIMAL / SEAFOOD
LAND
ANIMAL
HALAL FOOD FROM ANIMAL ORIGIN
15. Many people choosing plant-based lifestyle to fit their daily intake for several reasons
including health-concerns and protecting the environment. Plants are extremely
complex and diverse, and there are millions of different plant species.
Parts of plants we use for food include:
1.Fruits- apple, grape, banana, etc.
2.Leaves and stems – celery, lettuce, silver beet
3.Roots – potatoes, carrots, beetroot, cassava, radish, parsnip
4.Seeds – wheat, rice, legumes, ground nuts (peanuts), tree nuts (walnuts, almonds).
Foods from plants are packed with many nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Dietary fibre is found only in plants.
All types of plants and plant products and their derivatives are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous to
health.
HALAL FOOD FROM PLANT ORIGIN
16. Beverages
All kind of drink and beverages are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous
to health. One type of intoxicating beverage is khamar.
Khamar (alcohol): The Arabic term used for alcohol in the Al – Quran is khamr. It
means “ that which has been fermented” and applies not only to alcoholic beverages like
wine, beer, whiskey and brandy but has been taken to imply all things that intoxicate or affect
one’s thought process.
Due to there is no clear regulations about the added alcohol in beverages like soft drinks, small
amounts of alcohol (below 0.1%) contributed from fermentation processed may considered as halal
for example Tapai, vinegar and malt drink.
Biological item
All types of micro-organisms (i.e. bacteria, algae/seaweed and fungi) and their byproducts and/or
derivatives are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or hazardous to health.
Genetically modified food
(GMO)
Food and drinks containing products and/or by-products of Genetically modified organisms (GMO)
or ingredients made by the use of genetic material of animals that are non-halal by Shariah law are
not halal.
Natural minerals and chemicals
All natural minerals and chemicals are halal except those that are poisonous, intoxicating or
hazardous to health
ISSUES RELATED TO HALAL FOODS
