If there were no airplanes today, travel would primarily be done by other modes of transportation such as trains, cars, buses and boats. The document discusses the rise of trains and industrialization in the 19th century in the United States, including the introduction of steam locomotives in 1830, expansion of railroad track mileage, and completion of the transcontinental railroad in 1869. It also covers related topics such as corporations, immigration, westward expansion and politics during this period of growth.

1. DO NOW What would happen if there were no airplanes today?

2. Learning Objectives Introduce Industrialization Poster Project Learn about the pros and cons of the train industry in the 19 th century

3. Learning Agenda Introduce Poster Presentation Iron Horse Lecture & Cornell Notes

4. The Iron Horse

5. Technology First steam locomotive—1830 Bessemer process 1865-1900: 30,000 to 200,000 miles of track 1869 transcontinental railroad 4d/25mph & 10d/50mph World industrial power in 1900

6. Corporations and Trusts What is a corporation? A group of people who are granted a charter that allows them to start a business that is given the same legal rights as an individual What is a trust? A combinations of corporations that form a monopoly to eliminate competition Pros Employment and Innovation Philanthropy Cons Corruption Disparity of wealth

7. Immigration Pros Land of opportunity Employment Cons Working Conditions 2,000 employees killed in one year (1882) Class Conflict Wages, Labor Unions, Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

8. West/ U.S. Environment Pros Trade between east and west Homestead Act (1862) 160 acres of free land for 5 yrs of cultivation Cons Native Americans Sand Creek Massacre (1864) Environment

9. Manifest Destiny

10. Politics Pros Regulation of Commerce 1887 Interstate Commerce Act Trust busting Interstate Commerce Commission Cons Corruption Tariffs Local: Voting for jobs

11. Homework Read 246-256 in Americans; answer #2 p.249