Introduction to psychology
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This document provides an overview of several topics in psychology that were covered in a university taster session, including memory experiments, visual illusions, attention, synesthesia, and face recognition disorders. It also discusses potential research areas and career paths in psychology. The document uses examples like the Stroop effect and invisible gorilla experiment to demonstrate concepts like interference and inattentional blindness. Throughout there are reminders to remember words from the beginning and questions to check understanding of concepts covered.
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Introduction to psychology
- 1. Psychology Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 2. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Bed Rest Awake Tired Dream Wake Snooze Blanket Doze Slumber Snore Nap Peace Yawn Drowsy Remember these words
- 3. Stroop Effect • Work in pairs • Using the flash cards take turns to ask your partner to tell you the COLOUR that the word is printed in. • Are any of the flash cards harder? Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 4. Stroop Effect Explained • So why is it so hard to say the colour? – There is interference between the information, what the words SAY and the COLOUR of the words. – This causes a problem for your brain. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 5. Stroop Effect Explained • There are two theories which try to explain this – Speed of Processing Theory: the interference occurs because you read the words automatically this occurs faster than naming the colour. – Selective Attention Theory: the interference occurs because naming colours requires more attention than reading words.- you read more often than you name colours so it becomes automatic. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 6. Synaesthesia • Continuing with a theme of colour, imagine what it would be like if your senses were confused…. • Has anybody ever had a smell or a song that reminded them of a particular thing? Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 7. Synaesthesia • The most common form of Synaesthesia is Colour- Grapheme, where syenesthetes see words or letters as particular colours. • "I realized that to make an R all I had to do was first write a P and draw a line down from its loop. And I was so surprised that I could turn a yellow letter into an orange letter just by adding a line." Pat Duffy. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Imagine if life was coloured like this.
- 8. Synaesthesia • One of the more disruptive forms of synaesthesia is Lexical-Gustatory synesthesia. • This is where the synesthete actually tastes the word. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 9. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Synaesthesia VIDEO HERE
- 10. Who are these people? Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 11. Who are these people? • Imagine if you couldn’t recognise these people? • Imagine if you couldn’t recognise your friends, family, or even your own face. • Patients with prosopagnosia have a brain disorder which means they are unable to recognise faces. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 12. Who are these people? • Oliver Sacks-The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat • Dr P-could not recognize his wife from her face but he was able to recognize her by her voice. His recognition of pictures of his family and friends appeared to be based on highly specific features, such as his brother's square jaw and big teeth. • “He reached out his hand, and took hold of his wife’s head, tried to lift it off and out it on. He had apparently mistaken his wife for a hat! His wife looked as if she was used to such things.” pg 10 Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 13. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Remember these words On your paper try and remember as many words as possible from at the start of the session.
- 14. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Remember these words Bed Rest Awake Tired Dream Wake Snooze Blanket Doze Slumber Snore Nap Peace Yawn Drowsy Did you have any extra words? Such as SLEEP? A simple memory task like this can show how the brain fills in with what you think you experienced. Other experiments have investigated this in more depth-such as the hot air balloon experiment.
- 15. Spot the difference.. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 16. Visual Illusions Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 17. The Maggie Thatcher Effect • It is difficult to detect local feature changes in an upside down face. • This suggests that we process faces by analysing the structure and the configuration of features. • Interestingly reports suggest that prosopagnosic’s do not suffer from this effect. Suggesting that their brain disorder maybe due to damage to the area of the brain which analyses facial. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 18. Attention • Embed video…http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= vJG698U2Mvo Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 19. Attention • So how many did you see? • Did you see the gorilla? • When Chabris and Simons did this study half of the people who watched the video and counted the passes missed the gorilla. • This suggest that we are missing a lot of what goes on around us, and that we have no idea that we are missing so much. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology
- 20. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Topics During a Psychology Degree Psycho Pharmacology Eye Witness Testimony Development of drawing and language Extreme Survival Psychology of Magic Crowd Behaviour Mental Disorders Memory Disorders of the Brain
- 21. Research in the Department Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Human Computer Interaction Pain Research Self Harming Second Life Positive Psychology Life Styles Epilepsy Festivals, Drugs, Underground parties Education Technology
- 22. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Why Do Psychology? Transferable Skills Communication, Numeracy, Independent Learning Team Work Quantitative and Qualitative Data. Critical Thinking Essay Writing. Variety of Jobs Academia Teaching Researcher Human Resources Management Market Research Accounting Psychologist Mental Health Care Child Care
- 23. Susanna Martin Bath Uni Taster Psychology Any Questions?