Introduction to Hypertension.pptx
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This document provides an overview of hypertension, including its epidemiology, risk factors, types, symptoms, complications, and treatment options. It notes that hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide and its prevalence is rising globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The document outlines that primary hypertension has no identifiable cause, while secondary hypertension has a known underlying medical condition causing the elevated blood pressure. Lifestyle modifications and drug therapy are discussed as treatment approaches.
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Hypertension diagnosis
- Treatment of hypertension is the most common reason for physician office visits in the US. The number of hypertensive individuals is increasing due to an aging population and rising obesity rates.
- Up to 5% of hypertension cases are secondary, meaning a specific cause can be identified like renal artery stenosis or pheochromocytoma. However, routine screening for secondary causes is not usually recommended due to low prevalence.
- Complications of uncontrolled hypertension include heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and heart attacks. Proper treatment and control of blood pressure can significantly reduce risks of these complications.
Hypertension.epidemiology person, place, time graph
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic disease that puts excessive pressure on the arteries as blood is pumped through the body by the heart. It has no identifiable cause in about 90% of cases but can be influenced by factors like diet, exercise, weight, and stress. Preventing hypertension involves lifestyle modifications like maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, eating a nutritious diet low in sodium, and drinking alcohol in moderation. Treatment focuses on identifying those at risk and managing the condition before complications arise.
Hypertension
This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and provides blood pressure categories. It notes that hypertension risk increases with age and is more common in some ethnic groups. The causes of hypertension are largely unknown, though factors like genetics, obesity, stress, smoking, alcohol, salt intake, and personality type can contribute to risk. The document also lists modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension.
Hypertension
The document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure), including its definition, causes, risk factors, complications, diagnosis, and management. Some key points:
- Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure over 140 mmHg or diastolic over 90 mmHg. It affects over 20% of adults in Bangladesh.
- It has various causes like genetics, obesity, sodium intake, stress, and can be essential (90-95% of cases) or secondary to other medical conditions.
- If left untreated, it can damage organs like the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes, leading to complications like heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss.
- Diagnosis involves
Pathanatomy main diseases of blood vessels part - 3
Arterial hypertension is one of the major disorder of blood vessels. Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
Non c d communti
Rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication that can develop after acute rheumatic fever, which is caused by a prior streptococcal throat infection. It leads to damage of heart valves, most commonly the mitral and aortic valves, causing stenosis, regurgitation, or a combination of the two. While rheumatic heart disease was once a major health problem worldwide, its incidence has declined in Sudan in recent decades according to national surveys. The disease is diagnosed using the Modified Jones Criteria which looks for specific major and minor clinical features in combination with evidence of a previous streptococcal infection. Long term complications involve progressively worsening valve damage over time.
18.kidney in pregnancy, HTN.pptx
This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension according to the JNC 7 classification and discusses its causes, which include both essential (primary) hypertension in 90-95% of cases as well as secondary hypertension due to factors like kidney, endocrine, cardiovascular, or neurological disease. The document outlines how hypertension increases risk for diseases like heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease. It also discusses malignant hypertension, which involves very high blood pressures that can lead to rapid organ damage and death if not treated.
Risk factor for stroke
This document discusses risk factors for ischemic stroke. It identifies non-modifiable risk factors such as age, sex, race and heredity. The major modifiable risk factors are hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, and physical inactivity. Approximately 90% of strokes can be explained by 10 risk factors, including these medical conditions and behavioral risks. The document provides details on how each of these factors increases the risk of ischemic stroke. It also discusses additional potential risk factors that are still under investigation.
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- Treatment of hypertension is the most common reason for physician office visits in the US. The number of hypertensive individuals is increasing due to an aging population and rising obesity rates.
- Up to 5% of hypertension cases are secondary, meaning a specific cause can be identified like renal artery stenosis or pheochromocytoma. However, routine screening for secondary causes is not usually recommended due to low prevalence.
- Complications of uncontrolled hypertension include heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and heart attacks. Proper treatment and control of blood pressure can significantly reduce risks of these complications.
Hypertension.epidemiology person, place, time graph
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic disease that puts excessive pressure on the arteries as blood is pumped through the body by the heart. It has no identifiable cause in about 90% of cases but can be influenced by factors like diet, exercise, weight, and stress. Preventing hypertension involves lifestyle modifications like maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular physical activity, eating a nutritious diet low in sodium, and drinking alcohol in moderation. Treatment focuses on identifying those at risk and managing the condition before complications arise.
Hypertension
This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension and provides blood pressure categories. It notes that hypertension risk increases with age and is more common in some ethnic groups. The causes of hypertension are largely unknown, though factors like genetics, obesity, stress, smoking, alcohol, salt intake, and personality type can contribute to risk. The document also lists modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension.
Hypertension
The document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure), including its definition, causes, risk factors, complications, diagnosis, and management. Some key points:
- Hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure over 140 mmHg or diastolic over 90 mmHg. It affects over 20% of adults in Bangladesh.
- It has various causes like genetics, obesity, sodium intake, stress, and can be essential (90-95% of cases) or secondary to other medical conditions.
- If left untreated, it can damage organs like the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes, leading to complications like heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and vision loss.
- Diagnosis involves
Pathanatomy main diseases of blood vessels part - 3
Arterial hypertension is one of the major disorder of blood vessels. Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
Non c d communti
Rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication that can develop after acute rheumatic fever, which is caused by a prior streptococcal throat infection. It leads to damage of heart valves, most commonly the mitral and aortic valves, causing stenosis, regurgitation, or a combination of the two. While rheumatic heart disease was once a major health problem worldwide, its incidence has declined in Sudan in recent decades according to national surveys. The disease is diagnosed using the Modified Jones Criteria which looks for specific major and minor clinical features in combination with evidence of a previous streptococcal infection. Long term complications involve progressively worsening valve damage over time.
18.kidney in pregnancy, HTN.pptx
This document discusses hypertension (high blood pressure). It defines hypertension according to the JNC 7 classification and discusses its causes, which include both essential (primary) hypertension in 90-95% of cases as well as secondary hypertension due to factors like kidney, endocrine, cardiovascular, or neurological disease. The document outlines how hypertension increases risk for diseases like heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease. It also discusses malignant hypertension, which involves very high blood pressures that can lead to rapid organ damage and death if not treated.
Risk factor for stroke
This document discusses risk factors for ischemic stroke. It identifies non-modifiable risk factors such as age, sex, race and heredity. The major modifiable risk factors are hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, and physical inactivity. Approximately 90% of strokes can be explained by 10 risk factors, including these medical conditions and behavioral risks. The document provides details on how each of these factors increases the risk of ischemic stroke. It also discusses additional potential risk factors that are still under investigation.
Hypertension sequel 1
Hypertension can lead to several serious health conditions:
1. It increases the risk of heart disease by damaging blood vessels and causing the heart to work harder, which can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and coronary artery disease with heart attacks.
2. It is a major risk factor for stroke by damaging blood vessels in the brain.
3. It can cause aneurysms by weakening artery walls over time, potentially leading to ruptures with internal bleeding.
HTN presentation
This document provides information about hypertension including its definition, causes, risk factors, presentation, evaluation, management of acute hypertension, and treatment approaches. It defines hypertension as a chronic medical condition where blood pressure is elevated. It notes the most common cause is primary or essential hypertension which has no identifiable secondary cause. It discusses risk factors like age, family history, obesity, smoking, high cholesterol and discusses secondary causes like renal disease. It outlines how to evaluate patients, potential complications, and treatment approaches including lifestyle modifications and drug therapies.
HTN
This document discusses hypertension (HTN), including its definition, causes, risk factors, presentation, complications, hypertensive emergencies, approach, and management. HTN is a chronic condition where blood pressure is elevated. It can be primary or secondary. Risk factors include age, family history, smoking, obesity, and more. People may be asymptomatic or experience headaches, fatigue, nosebleeds, and other nonspecific symptoms. Complications can include stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure. Hypertensive emergencies require urgent treatment to prevent end organ damage. Evaluation of HTN involves history, exam, ECG, urine and blood tests to identify secondary causes and end organ effects for proper management.
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The document discusses strategies for assessing global disease burden, including the Global Burden of Disease study established by WHO. It examines hypertension specifically, defining it and discussing its prevalence, risk factors, and relationship to cardiovascular outcomes. Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide according to DALYs. Family history, lifestyle factors like diet and exercise, and conditions like obesity influence hypertension risk.
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الهرم الغذائي
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د حاتم البيطار
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زميل الزمالة المصرية
محاضر ادارة المستشفيات ومكافحة العدوى
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Hypertension.pptx
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It is defined as a systolic pressure above 140 mmHg or a diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg. Hypertension has stages from mild to severe and usually does not cause symptoms, but long-term can lead to serious health issues like heart disease or stroke if not managed. Risk factors include age, family history, obesity, smoking, diet high in salt, and lack of exercise. Treatment involves lifestyle changes and medications to control blood pressure and prevent complications.
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Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is defined as a persistent blood pressure above 160/100 mmHg or above 140/90 mmHg for those with over a 20% 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease. Primary hypertension accounts for 95% of cases and has unknown causes but may be related to genetics, environment, and other lifestyle factors. Secondary hypertension is often seen in younger patients and it is important to identify the underlying reversible cause, such as renal, endocrine, or vascular diseases. Clinical evaluation involves taking a thorough history, performing physical examinations to check for end-organ damage or secondary causes, and basic blood and urine testing to assess risks and target organ damage from high blood pressure. Management
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Systemic hypertension is defined as a usual blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher. It doubles the risk of cardiovascular diseases and is a leading cause of death worldwide. There are two main types - primary/essential hypertension which accounts for 95% of cases and has no identifiable cause, and secondary hypertension which is caused by specific conditions like kidney disease or hormonal disorders. Untreated hypertension can lead to serious complications affecting the heart, brain, kidneys and eyes. Management involves identifying and treating any underlying causes, along with lifestyle modifications and medication to control blood pressure.
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Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is defined as a systolic pressure above 140 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure above 90 mm Hg. It is a major public health problem affecting over 60 million Americans. Risk factors include family history, age, gender, ethnicity, stress, obesity, high sodium diet, and low calcium intake. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular diseases. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications and medication to prevent complications from this chronic condition.
Non communicable disease
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This document discusses prehypertension and hypertension in children. It defines prehypertension as blood pressure levels between the 90th and 95th percentiles, and hypertension as levels at or above the 95th percentile. Risk factors for developing hypertension in childhood include obesity, family history, lack of exercise, and certain medical conditions. The document provides prevalence rates for prehypertension and hypertension from various studies worldwide. It outlines guidelines for evaluating and diagnosing hypertension in children, and discusses potential complications and treatment approaches.hypertention.ppt how to diagnose and management
This document discusses hypertension, including its definition, causes, types, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. It defines hypertension as a persistent blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. The main types are primary (essential) hypertension, which has no known cause and accounts for 90-95% of cases, and secondary hypertension caused by other conditions. Risk factors for primary hypertension include age, family history, race, obesity, diet, stress, and certain medications. The pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the body's blood pressure control systems and increased peripheral resistance. Clinical signs may include headaches, dizziness, and vision changes. Management involves lifestyle changes, medications like diuretics, beta-blockers, and calcium channel
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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Hypertension can lead to several serious health conditions:
1. It increases the risk of heart disease by damaging blood vessels and causing the heart to work harder, which can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and coronary artery disease with heart attacks.
2. It is a major risk factor for stroke by damaging blood vessels in the brain.
3. It can cause aneurysms by weakening artery walls over time, potentially leading to ruptures with internal bleeding.
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This document provides information about hypertension including its definition, causes, risk factors, presentation, evaluation, management of acute hypertension, and treatment approaches. It defines hypertension as a chronic medical condition where blood pressure is elevated. It notes the most common cause is primary or essential hypertension which has no identifiable secondary cause. It discusses risk factors like age, family history, obesity, smoking, high cholesterol and discusses secondary causes like renal disease. It outlines how to evaluate patients, potential complications, and treatment approaches including lifestyle modifications and drug therapies.
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This document discusses hypertension (HTN), including its definition, causes, risk factors, presentation, complications, hypertensive emergencies, approach, and management. HTN is a chronic condition where blood pressure is elevated. It can be primary or secondary. Risk factors include age, family history, smoking, obesity, and more. People may be asymptomatic or experience headaches, fatigue, nosebleeds, and other nonspecific symptoms. Complications can include stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure. Hypertensive emergencies require urgent treatment to prevent end organ damage. Evaluation of HTN involves history, exam, ECG, urine and blood tests to identify secondary causes and end organ effects for proper management.
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The document discusses strategies for assessing global disease burden, including the Global Burden of Disease study established by WHO. It examines hypertension specifically, defining it and discussing its prevalence, risk factors, and relationship to cardiovascular outcomes. Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide according to DALYs. Family history, lifestyle factors like diet and exercise, and conditions like obesity influence hypertension risk.
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Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It is defined as a systolic pressure above 140 mmHg or a diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg. Hypertension has stages from mild to severe and usually does not cause symptoms, but long-term can lead to serious health issues like heart disease or stroke if not managed. Risk factors include age, family history, obesity, smoking, diet high in salt, and lack of exercise. Treatment involves lifestyle changes and medications to control blood pressure and prevent complications.
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ALAWLAQI-FINAL HTN ADJUSTED.pptx
lecture for undergraduate about systemic arterial hypertension. entailed a simplified approach from definition to management including hypertensive emergencies and urgencies
Systemic Hypertension
Systemic hypertension is defined as a usual blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher. It doubles the risk of cardiovascular diseases and is a leading cause of death worldwide. There are two main types - primary/essential hypertension which accounts for 95% of cases and has no identifiable cause, and secondary hypertension which is caused by specific conditions like kidney disease or hormonal disorders. Untreated hypertension can lead to serious complications affecting the heart, brain, kidneys and eyes. Management involves identifying and treating any underlying causes, along with lifestyle modifications and medication to control blood pressure.
Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is defined as a systolic pressure above 140 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure above 90 mm Hg. It is a major public health problem affecting over 60 million Americans. Risk factors include family history, age, gender, ethnicity, stress, obesity, high sodium diet, and low calcium intake. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular diseases. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications and medication to prevent complications from this chronic condition.
Non communicable disease
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This document discusses hypertension, including its definition, causes, types, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. It defines hypertension as a persistent blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. The main types are primary (essential) hypertension, which has no known cause and accounts for 90-95% of cases, and secondary hypertension caused by other conditions. Risk factors for primary hypertension include age, family history, race, obesity, diet, stress, and certain medications. The pathophysiology involves dysfunction of the body's blood pressure control systems and increased peripheral resistance. Clinical signs may include headaches, dizziness, and vision changes. Management involves lifestyle changes, medications like diuretics, beta-blockers, and calcium channel
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Histopathology of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Visual treat
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Hiranandani Hospital Powai News [Read Now].pdf
Hiranandani Hospital in Powai, Mumbai, is a premier healthcare institution that has been serving the community with exceptional medical care since its establishment. As a part of the renowned Hiranandani Group, the hospital is committed to delivering world-class healthcare services across a wide range of specialties, including kidney transplantation. With its state-of-the-art facilities, advanced medical technology, and a team of highly skilled healthcare professionals, Hiranandani Hospital has earned a reputation as a trusted name in the healthcare industry. The hospital's patient-centric approach, coupled with its focus on innovation and excellence, ensures that patients receive the highest standard of care in a compassionate and supportive environment.
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Top Travel Vaccinations in Manchester
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
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More than 20 participants took part everyday !
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
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pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
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The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
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We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
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Introduction to Hypertension.pptx
- 1. By Dr. James, S. U.
- 3. • Introduction • Epidemiology • Risk factors • Types of Hypertension • Symptoms • Complications • Treatment Options
- 4. • Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the wall of blood vessels. • Hypertension is a condition in which arterial blood pressure is chronically elevated. • Systemic blood pressure rises with age, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
- 5. • Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. • The prevalence and absolute burden of hypertension is rising globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). • There is a global concern that hypertension in teenagers and young adults are on the increase and cases are not detected because of inadequate screening in this age group • Nigeria has a high prevalence in hypertension
- 7. 1. Primary (Essential) Hypertension: Elevated BP without an identified cause (90 – 95% of cases) Contributing factors are genetic and environmental e.g Family history, obesity, alcohol, high sodium intake, etc
- 8. 2. Secondary Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure with a known cause. Causes can be renal, endocrine, cardiovascular, neurogenic, medications, etc *Hint on Pathophysiology
- 9. • Hypertension is known as a silent killer because it is frequently asymptomatic until it becomes severe. • Headaches (Commonest presentation) • Dizziness • Blurred vision • Nausea and vomiting • Fatigue • Confusion • Chest pain • Shortness of breath • Irregular heart beat • Swollen feet
- 11. 1. Lifestyle modification Weight reduction Dietary salt reduction Moderate alcohol intake Increase physical activity 2. Drug therapy
- 14. • https://www.nature.com/articles/s41581-019-0244-2 • https://saudijournals.com/media/articles/SJM_711_598- 602.pdf • Principles of Internal Medicine by Adeleke O. A. • High blood Pressure: The World’s leading killer by Prof. D’sa A. C. • Hypertension by Saadi H. F.