2. INTRODUCTION & BASIS OF HAZOP
(Hazard and Operability)
Hazards Identification During Operation

3. Objective Of The Presentation
• Give the knowledge or an understanding of analysis and
training in how to apply their abilities to improve human
• Give an understanding about adequate safeguard (existing
setup/new design) to control the risk.

4. Agenda
• What is HAZOP
• The main purpose/objectives.
• Advantages of HAZOP
• The basic concept
• Methodology
• Examples

5. What is “HAZOP” ?
• Hazards and operability are a systematic, logical approach
to determining hazards.
• Hazards; which is defined as ”deviation” within parameters
that may have dangerous ”consequences”.
• The parameters are; flow, temperature, pressure etc.
• HAZOP is a team work, people representing from different
parts in a plant.
• HAZOP is basically for safety.

6. Purpose of the HAZOP
• To investigate how the system or plant deviate from
the design intent.
• Create risk for personnel and equipment and
operability problems.

7. Objectives of HAZOP
• Any perceived DEVIATIONS from intended
design/operation.
• The CAUSES for those deviations
• The CONSEQUENCES of those perceived deviations.
• SAFEGUARDS to prevent causes and mitigate
consequences of the perceived deviation.
• Recommend ACTIONS in design and operation to improve
safety and operability of the plant

9. KEYWORDS
PRIMARY SECONDARY

10. HAZOP Example

11. HAZOP Example
• Deviation: Keyword being applied is FLOW/NO.
• Cause: Potential causes that would result in deviation is
the strainer ”S” blockage due to impurities in the
dosing tank T might cause No Flow.
• Consequences: Loss of dosing results incomplete reaction
in V
• Safeguard: Local pressure gauge in discharge from pump
might indicate problem was arising".
• Action: Fit a differential pressure gauge across the strainer,
with perhaps a high dP alarm to give clear
indication that a total blockage is imminent.

12. ADVANTAGES OF HAZOP
• It gives the design ideas with imaginative anticipation of
deviations.
• HAZOP methodology is widely used to aid LOSS
PREVENTION.
• Can be used almost all operations in process industries.
• No special level of academic qualification is required to
perform HAZOP.

13. Major accidents/hazards in pharmaceutical
plants/companies in recent years
• In 2012, there were 3 fatalities and 18 injuries from an
explosion at Neptune Technologies. There was 1 death and 8
injuries at Teva Croatia.
•In 2012, there was an explosion at an API plant in Punjab
causing 4 deaths and 17 injuries.
•In 2013, Amgen had an flammable explosion that injured two
workers at their South San Francisco branch. Sandoz had a fire
which caused major drug shortages but no one got hurt.

16. Always Remember!
• A single hazard could potentially lead to multiple
forms of harm