This document provides an introduction to statistics. It defines key terms like data, defines statistics as a branch of science dealing with collecting, organizing, analyzing and interpreting data, and distinguishes between descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics summarize and organize data using methods like tables and graphs, while inferential statistics make generalizations about populations from sample data. Examples are provided to illustrate the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics.

1. Statistics

2. Hi!
Hello!
Let us get to
know each other.

4. *to recognize terms related to Statistics.
*to collect and present data using different ways.
*to appreciate the uses of Statistics and ways of
collecting and presenting data in office
management.
Objectives:

5. Describe Me!!!

6. Describe Me!!!

7. What is Data?
𝑨 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒔, 𝒍𝒊𝒌𝒆: words
Measurements
observations
descriptions of things
are pieces of numerical and other
information from which conclusions
may be drawn.
Data

8. What is Statistics?
The term is derived from
* Latin word statisticum collegium
* Italian word statista
“political state”
or
“government.
The German Statistik, first introduced by
Gottfried Achenwall (1749), originally designated
the analysis of data about the state.
It was introduced into English by Sir John Sinclair

9. Definitions of Statistics:
A branch of science which deals with the
collection (process of obtaining data)
organization
presentation (ways of organizing data into tables, graphs or
charts)
analysis ( process of extracting relevant information from the
given data from which numerical description can be
formulated)
and interpretation ( task of drawing conclusions from the
analyzed data) of data.

10. How important is
Statistics in our daily
lives?

11. General Uses of Statistics
1.Aids in decision making by
 providing comparison
 explaining action that has taken place
 justifying a claim or assertion
 predicting future outcome
 estimating unknown quantities
2. summarizes data for public use

12. Cite specific uses of Statistics in
your course and future
profession.

13. Two Branches of Statistics
1. Descriptive Statistics
2. Inferential Statistics

14. Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive statistics are methods for organizing
and summarizing data.
For example, tables or graphs are used to
organize data, and descriptive values such as the
average score are used to summarize data.
A descriptive value for a population is called a
parameter and a descriptive value for a sample is
called a statistic.

15. Inferential Statistics
Inferential statistics are methods for using
sample data to make general conclusions
(inferences) about populations.
Because a sample is typically only a part of the
whole population, sample data provide only limited
information about the population. As a result,
sample statistics are generally imperfect
representatives of the corresponding population
parameters.

16. Descriptive Statistics vs. Inferential Statistics
Descriptive Inferential
 A bowler wants to find his bowling
average for the past 12 games.
 A bowler wants to estimate his chance of
winning a game based on his current
season averages and the averages of his
opponents.
 A housewife wants to determine the
average weekly amount she spent on
groceries in the past 3 months.
 A housewife would like to predict based on
last year’s grocery bills, the average
weekly amount she will spend on groceries
for this year.
 A politician wants to know the exact
number of votes he received in the
last election.
 A politician would like to estimate, based
on an opinion poll, his chance for winning
in the upcoming election.