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1. Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
help.mbaassignments@gmail.com
or
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AEREN FOUNDATION’S Maharashtra Govt. Reg. No.: F-11724
Case Study Project
Total Marks: 80
SUBJECT :INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Case 1
(20 Marks)
Question.1.(a) What was the critical catalyst that led Kodak to start taking the Japanese market
seriously?
Answer:Until early 1980s when Fuji launched an aggressive export drive, attacking Kodak in the
north AmericanandEuropeanmarkets.Kodakstartedsellingphotographicequipment on Japan 1889
and by the 1930s it had a dominant position in the Japanese market. But after World War II, U.S
AN ISO 9001 : 2008 CERTIFIED INTERNATIONAL B-SCHOOL

2. occupation forces persuaded most U.S companies including Kodak to leave Japan to give the war
torn local industry a chance to recover. Kodak was effectively priced out of the market by tariff
barriers;overthe next35 yearsFuji gained70% share of the marketwhile Kodaksaw itsshare slip to
miserable 5%. During this period Kodak limited much of its
Question.1.(b) From the evidence given in the case do you think Kodak’s charges of unfair trading
practices against Fujiare valid? Support your answer.
Answer:The charges were very valid. The Japanese government helped to create a ‘profile
sanctuary’for Fuji inJapanby systematicallydenyingKodakaccesstoJapanese distributionchannels
for consumer film and paper. Kodak claims Fuji has effectively shut Kodak products out of four
distributors that have a 70% share of the photo distribution market. Fuji has an equity position in
twoof the distributors,giveslarge year –end relates and cash payments to all four distributors as a
reward for their loyalty to Fuji, and owns stakes in the banks that finance them. Kodak also claims
that Fuji usessimilartacticstocontrol 430 wholesalephotofurnishinglabsinJapanto which it is the
exclusive supplier. Moreover Kodak’s petition claims that the Japanese government has actively
encourages these practices
In 2005, Kodak Canada donated its entire historic company archives to Ryerson University in
Toronto. The Ryerson University Library also acquired an extensive collection of materials on the
historyof photographyfromthe private collection of Nicholas M. & Marilyn A. Graver of Rochester,
New York. The Kodak Archives, begun in 1909, contain
Case 2
(20 Marks)
Questions:
Question.1.Which company is truly Multinational? Why?
Answer:Two Senior executives of world’s largest firms with extensive holdings outside the home
country speak.
Company A: “We are a multinational firm. We distribute our products in about 100 countries. We
manufacture in over 17 countries and do research and development in three countries. We look at
all new investment projects both domestic and overseas using exactly the same criteria”.

3. The execution from company A continues, “ of course the most of the key ports in our subsidiaries
are held by home country nationals. Whenever replacements for these men are sought, it is the
practice, if not the policy, to look next to you
Question.2. List three differences between Company, Multi National company and Trans Multi
National Company?
Answer:The executive fromCompanyBgoesonto explain,“the worldwide Productdivision concept
israther difficulttoimplement.The senior executivesincharge of this divisions have little overseas
experience. They have been promoted from domestic ports and tend to view foreign consumers
needs as really basically the same as ours. Also, product division executives tend to focus on
domestic market, because it generates more revenue than foreign market. The rewards are for
global performance, but strategy is to focus on domestic.
We tend to read the following terms and think they refer to any company doing business in
anothercountry.

4. Case 3
(20 Marks)
Strategic R & D by TNCs in Developing Countries
Questions:
Question.1. (a) Explain why MNCs have located R & D centres in developing countries?
Answer:TNCshave hadlongunitsin developing host countries for adapting products and processes
to the local conditions, and in a few cases, to products for local markets. Since the min-1980s,
however, they have also started locating strategic R & D centres in some developing countries, for
developinggenerictechnologiesandproductsforregional orglobal markets.The mainincentivesfor
thisare : (a) access to highlyqualifiedscientistsasshortagesof researchpersonnelemergeincertain
fieldsinindustrialisedcountries,(b) Costdifferentials in research salaries between developing and
industrialised countries, and (c) rationalisation of operations, assigning particular affiliates the
responsibilityfordeveloping,manufacturing,andmarketing particular products worldwide. Th new
trends are more visible in industries dealing
Question.1. (b) Mention the areas where R & D activities can easily be decentralised.
Answer:Research and Development (R&D), also known in Europe as research and technical (or
technological) development (RTD), is a general term for activities in connection with corporate or
governmental innovation.R&Dis a component of Innovation and is situated at the front end of the
Innovationlifecycle.InnovationbuildsonR&Dand includescommercializationphases.The activities
that are classifiedasR&D differfromcompanytocompany,but there are two primary models, with
an R&D department being either staffed by engineers and tasked with directly developing new
products, or staffed with industrial scientists and tasked with applied research in scientific or
technological fields which may facilitate future

5. Case 4
(20 Marks)
Question.1.VK Ltd a multi-product Company, furnishes you the following data relating to the year
2000.
First Half of the year Second Half of the year
Sales Rs. 45,000 Rs. 50,000
Total Cost Rs. 40,000 Rs. 43,000
Assuming that there is no change in prices and variable costs and that the fixed expenses are
incurred equally in the two half years periods calculate for the year 2000.
1. The Profit Volume ration
2. Fixed Expenses
3. Break-Even Sales
4. Percentage of margin of safety.
5 Marks each
Answer:VARIABEL COST 27000 30000 57000
FIXED COST 13000 13000 26000
40000 43000 83000
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