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International Accounting Standard (IAS) 28 states that the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of an investee company is the sole criterion of requiring the application of the equity method. List three conditions of influence and explain how each would indicate the presence of influence. Solution the following three cosnditions may be deemed to indicate the presence of infuence 1) Representation of investor on the board of directors of the investee- the board of directors act on behalf of the shareholders and looks after the day to day business of the company so if the investor has a say in board of directors it indicates presence of influence 2) investor participation in the policymaking process of the investee - this also indicates major influence if the investor can decide the policies like declaring a dividend 3) Technological dependenc- if the investee compay is dependent for technology it in a way is dependent on the invesor has presence of influence.
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Corporate Governance is the process through which companies are governed in order to maximize performance and profits as well as manage and monitor risks. (Monks, 2003) Accountability and transparency especially to stakeholders and shareholders is an indication of good governance. Corporate governance seeks to promote accountability, transparency and corporate fairness. It ensures shareholders’ interests are protected, transparency and accountability in business transactions is applied, compliance to legal and statutory requirements, adequate disclosures, ethical business conduct, and effective decision making. Corporate governance, in other words, recognizes the shareholders as the owners of the business and the company’s role as stewards and trustees to the business. In this regard, the company’s actions are geared towards benefiting the greatest number of stakeholders.
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inturn is responsible for transmission of one-way signals that provide the current GPS satellite
position and time. (2)Control Component :- In the Control Component we have a worldwide
monitor and control stations which are responsible for maintaining the satellites in their proper
orbits through the occasional command maneuvers and also are responsible for adjusting the
satellite clocks. The control component tracks the GPS satellites aswell as is responsible for
uploading the updated navigational data.The control component also plays a part in maintaining
the health and status of the satellite constellation.(3)User Component:-
In the User Component we have a GPS receiver equipment, which is responsible for receiving
the signals from the GPS satellites.It is also responsible for using the transmitted information for
calculation of the user\'s three-dimensional position and time..
Interpret the significant impact of New Public Management on Non-Pro.pdf
Interpret the significant impact of New Public Management on Non-Profit Reform. Next, infer
two (2) challenges that are associated with implementing the reform in non-profits. Provide a
rationale for your response.
Solution
While many initiatives have been introduced under the guise of New Public Management
(NPM), the outsourcing of services to the public is as an important example of the impact of
NPM on the nonprofit sector and the role of professionals. Many government agencies have
introduced competitive tendering and contracting (CTC) in a move towards greater contestability
of public services. Outsourcing advocates point to the potential for “increased flexibility in
service delivery; greater focus on outputs and outcomes rather than inputs; the freeing of public
sector management to focus on higher priority or ‘core’ activities; encouraging suppliers to
provide innovative solutions; and cost savings in providing services due to competition”. The
CTC process presents many challenges for governments and their agencies, as well as for private
and non-profit enterprises who bid for government business or contract for the delivery of
services to the public.
Challenge #1: Calls for accountability in the nonprofit sector have never been stronger, and the
rise of various forms of self-regulation represents a profound shift for nonprofits.The idea of
accountability is ubiquitous in our society and yet is noted for its complexity, ambiguousness,
and context dependency. Even in the face of much research across public, business, and
nonprofit sectors, accountability is a ‘‘multifaceted concept fraught with ambiguity’’ and ‘‘…has
become a cliché´ and, like all cliché’s, is a substitute for thinking’’. Accountability has such
widely varying interpretations and a high degree of abstraction that common understanding of its
detailed implications is often elusive.
Challenge #2: Enhancing Business Ethics or Governance- fiduciary duty requires one to put
another’s interest first. For nonprofits, this first element of governance means putting the
organization’s best interests first. It is based on a high standard of trust which includes a duty of
care, a duty of loyalty and a duty of obedience. Boards and principle officers must govern the
nonprofit organization according to this trust standard. The duty of care requires good faith and
effective governance. The duty of loyalty prohibits organizational harm and requires
commitment to the nonprofit’s best interests. The nonprofit Board must adhere to the
organizational mission to fulfill its duty of obedience..
Interpretation of the main effects must be made taking into consider.pdf
Interpretation of the main effects must be made taking into consideration any 1)interaction
2)controlled variables 3)initial differences 4)randomized designs. answer and explain.
Solution
Answer : Interaction
A statistical interaction occurs when the effect of one INDEPENDENT
variable on theDEPENDENT variable changes depending on the level of another independent
variable.
Like the IQ of a 15yr old girl is different from the IQ level of 80 yr old woman.
Interest rates keep dropping. In my country in northern Europe we no.pdf
Interest rates keep dropping. In my country in northern Europe we now have negative interest
rate - banks have to pay the central bank for lending it their money.
I have two questions:
Why are interest rates lower than any time ever before?
Are low interest rates dangerous? The low interest rates will make it easier to borrow money for
projects that would otherwise not have been possible. Irresponsible lending has proven
dangerous in the past.
Are the low interest rates a way that the central banks are \"artificially resuscitating\" a poor
economy which may finally lead to a crash?
Adding that we have never seen this situation before I ask if this situation with extremely low
interest rates is dangerous?
One aspect of the question is: Are these low interest rates expected to stay low or are they
considered an extreme value in a cyclic variation?
Solution
If by dangerous it is meant they add possible downwards volatility of assets, that could easily be
argued for as:
PV=D/(1+r)t
Where D denotes any future income. This is especially the case if the reason for the low rates is
very easy monetary policy, as such policy cannot be maintained and thus the rate is not
equilibrium rate and must rise, causing a crash in asset values when that happens.
Central banks determinate the interest rates in the short run, their policies are targeted to lower
rates, thus a low rate. The other reason is that of supply and demand. There is not much demand
for credit (no profitable ideas, no more room for consumer credit) and on the other hand the
supply of credit is significant due to central bank action. High supply and low demand equals a
low rate..
Interest Rate SensitivityA bond trader purchased each of the follo.pdf
Interest Rate Sensitivity
A bond trader purchased each of the following bonds at a yield to maturity of 10%. Immediately
after she purchased the bonds, interest rates fell to 6%. What is the percentage change in the
price of each bond after the decline in interest rates? Fill in the following table. Round your
answers to two decimal places.Price @ 10%Price @ 6%Percentage Change10-year, 10% annual
coupon$ $ %10-year zero%5-year zero%30-year zero%$100 perpetuity%
Solution
Price @ 10%
Price @ 6%
Percentage Change
10-year, 10% annual coupon
999.94
1294.42
29%
10-year zero
385.5
558.4
45%
5-year zero
620.9
747.3
20%
30-year zero
57.3
174.1
204%
$100 perpetuity
1000
1667
67%
10-year, 10% annual coupon - Assuming Face value 1000$
Year
Cash flow ( Coupon @ 10%+ Redemption Price )
PVF @ YTM 10%
Price of Bond @ 10% YTM
PVF @ YTM 6%
Price of Bond @ 6% YTM
1
100
0.9091
90.91
0.9434
94.34
2
100
0.8264
82.64
0.89
89
3
100
0.7513
75.13
0.8396
83.96
4
100
0.683
68.3
0.7921
79.21
5
100
0.6209
62.09
0.7473
74.73
6
100
0.5644
56.44
0.705
70.5
7
100
0.5132
51.32
0.6651
66.51
8
100
0.4665
46.65
0.6274
62.74
9
100
0.4241
42.41
0.5919
59.19
10
1100
0.3855
424.05
0.5584
614.24
Price of the Bond
999.94
1294.42
10-year zero - Assuming Face value 1000$
Year
Cash flow ( Coupon @ 0%+ Redemption Price )
PVF @ YTM 10%
Price of Bond @ 10% YTM
PVF @ YTM 6%
Price of Bond @ 6% YTM
1
0
0.9091
0
0.9434
0
2
0
0.8264
0
0.89
0
3
0
0.7513
0
0.8396
0
4
0
0.683
0
0.7921
0
5
0
0.6209
0
0.7473
0
6
0
0.5644
0
0.705
0
7
0
0.5132
0
0.6651
0
8
0
0.4665
0
0.6274
0
9
0
0.4241
0
0.5919
0
10
1000
0.3855
385.5
0.5584
558.4
Price of the Bond
385.5
558.4
5-year zero - Assuming Face value 1000$
Year
Cash flow ( Coupon @ 0%+ Redemption Price )
PVF @ YTM 10%
Price of Bond @ 10% YTM
PVF @ YTM 6%
Price of Bond @ 6% YTM
1
0
0.9091
0
0.9434
0
2
0
0.8264
0
0.89
0
3
0
0.7513
0
0.8396
0
4
0
0.683
0
0.7921
0
5
1000
0.6209
620.9
0.7473
747.3
Price of the Bond
620.9
747.3
30-year zero - Assuming Face value 1000$
Year
Cash flow ( Coupon @ 0%+ Redemption Price )
PVF @ YTM 10%
Price of Bond @ 10% YTM
PVF @ YTM 6%
Price of Bond @ 6% YTM
30th Year
1000
0.0573
57.3
0.1741
174.1
Price of the Bond
57.3
174.1
$100 perpetuity
Applying Gordon Model
Price of the Bond
$100/Ytm @ 10%
1000
$100/ YTM @ 6%.
1667
Price @ 10%
Price @ 6%
Percentage Change
10-year, 10% annual coupon
999.94
1294.42
29%
10-year zero
385.5
558.4
45%
5-year zero
620.9
747.3
20%
30-year zero
57.3
174.1
204%
$100 perpetuity
1000
1667
67%
10-year, 10% annual coupon - Assuming Face value 1000$
Year
Cash flow ( Coupon @ 10%+ Redemption Price )
PVF @ YTM 10%
Price of Bond @ 10% YTM
PVF @ YTM 6%
Price of Bond @ 6% YTM
1
100
0.9091
90.91
0.9434
94.34
2
100
0.8264
82.64
0.89
89
3
100
0.7513
75.13
0.8396
83.96
4
100
0.683
68.3
0.7921
79.21
5
100
0.6209
62.09
0.7473
74.73
6
100
0.5644
56.44
0.705
70.5
7
100
0.5132
51.32
0.6651
66.51
8
100
0.4665
46.65
0.6274
62.74
9
100
0.4241
42.41
0.5919
59.19
10
1100
0.3855
424.05
0.5584
614.24
Price of the Bond
999.94
1294.4.
Interest rate have been at their historic lows in japan, Europe, and.pdf
Interest rate have been at their historic lows in japan, Europe, and North America for several
years but they are beginning to inch up in some economies. What are the exchange rate
implications for American companies operating abroad in 2015 and beyond?
Solution
Interest rates and exchange rate share positive relationship. It means higher interest rates causes
an appreciation in exchange rate. Since the interest rates started inching up in America,
American dollar will get a boost and it will rise up. This appreciation in US dollar will detriment
American companies working abroad as in dollar terms they will now get a lower amount of
money as the currency they are operating ( If operating in India, operating currency will be
rupee), has been depreciated and this and they will get less dollar if converted ..
Internal auditing is a company function thatSelect oneA. Audit.pdf
Internal auditing is a company function that:
Select one:
A. Audits the firm\'s financial statements and expresses an opinion on them
B. Provides independent appraisals of the company\'s financial statements, its internal control,
and its operations
C. Prepares the firm\'s income tax returns
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
Solution
Internal auditing is a company function that
B. Provides independent appraisals of the company\'s financial statements, its internal control,
and its operations.
Intel is one of the largest semiconductor manufacturers in the world.pdf
Intel is one of the largest semiconductor manufacturers in the world. Intel reported its best
financial results ever in 2010. Intel controls approximately 80 percent of the market share of the
industry. AMD controls a significant portion of the remaining market share (Table 1). Intel
Solution
As per the Porter.
Infrastructure Analysis In 1-2 pages, evaluate the infrastructure o.pdf
Infrastructure Analysis: In 1-2 pages, evaluate the infrastructure of a country of your choice,
using the CIA’s website as well as others, in order to determine the state of the infrastructure of
that country.
Solution
Infrastructure Analysis and evaluation of Infrastructure of a country of your choice:
Infrasture Analysis:The analysis of infrastructure is the analysis of the works done by a country
in order to develop its nation the analysis is done by various organisation in the world to
understand better lets take example, like infrastruture in region is for parameters like electric
delivery system that support society or system,Information technology infra. is also a common in
terms of analysis , it also analysis works done in order to check the works of the government
organisation.
We will take the country :Belgium in this evaluation:Belgium is a private and open based
economu that has capitalisaed on its geographical location , highly develeoped transport netwrok
and diversified industrial and commercial base>industry is concentrated mainly in more heavly
populated aregions in north .Belgium in parts of substantial quantities of raw material and it has
infrastructure for exports of large volume of manufacture ,making its economy shifts in ,it
structure has low growth rate and high unemployement , It has great infrastructure for living and
other amenties but the growth rate is not so good ..
Insist on yourself, never imitate......every great manis unique.pdf
Insist on yourself, never imitate......every great manis unique\"
Solution
No one knows what it is, nor can they, till that person hasexpressed it. Where is the master who
could have taughtShakespeare? Where is the master who could have instructedFranklin, or
Washington, or Lincoln, or Kennedy?
Every great man is unique. The Kafkaesqueness of Kafka isprecisely that part he couldn\'t
borrow. Another Shakespeare willnever be made by the study of Shakespeare. Do what\'s
assigned toyou, and you can\'t hope too much or dare too much. Right now thereis something for
you to say as huge as the chisel of Michelangelo,or the trowel of the Egyptians, or the pen of
Moses or Dante, butdifferent from all of them.
A rich, eloquent soul with a thousand-branched tongue will neverrepeat itself. But if you can
hear what these masters say, you cansurely reply to them in the same tone of voice, because the
ear andthe tongue are two parts of the same whole. Live in the simple andnoble regions of your
life, obey your heart, and you\'ll recreatethe Wonders of the Ages..
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