Inner Ear.pptx
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This document discusses Meniere's disease, which is characterized by episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus. The exact cause is unknown but may involve defective fluid absorption in the inner ear. The pathology involves increased fluid accumulation in the inner ear system. Symptoms include vertigo attacks lasting 24 minutes to 24 hours as well as sensory neural hearing loss and tinnitus. Treatment includes medications to reduce vertigo and vasodilators, as well as diet changes and surgery in severe cases. Cochlear implants are used for profoundly deaf patients to electrically stimulate the auditory nerve.
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MENIERE.diesease pathophygiology sign and symaptom
MEINNERS DISEASE inner ear disorder-Vestibular disorder.
pathology is distension of endolymphatic system
Inner ear disorder
1. Labyrinthitis is an inner ear inflammation that causes severe vertigo, nausea, hearing loss and imbalance.
2. It is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections, such as those causing colds or ear infections.
3. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms through bed rest, medications and sometimes surgery. Patients require care to prevent falls and dehydration during recovery.
Ototoxicity
Ototoxicity refers to ear poisoning caused by exposure to certain drugs or chemicals that damage the inner ear or auditory nerve. Common causes of ototoxicity include aminoglycoside antibiotics, loop diuretics, anti-malarials, and some cancer drugs. Symptoms range from mild tinnitus to total hearing loss. Diagnosis involves evaluating a patient's history of ototoxin exposure and conducting tests like electrocochleography and electronystagmography. Management focuses on discontinuing the ototoxic drug, treating any hearing or balance problems, and limiting future use of ototoxic medications.
Hearing loss
This document discusses hearing loss, including definitions, types, causes, examination, diagnosis, and management. It defines different levels of hearing loss based on decibel thresholds. The main types are conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss is usually permanent and caused by inner ear or nerve damage. Causes include genetic syndromes, infections, trauma, tumors, ototoxic drugs, aging, and noise exposure. Evaluation involves history, physical exam including Weber and Rinne tests, and audiometry. Imaging and labs may be needed depending on history. Management depends on type, but may include hearing aids, cochlear implants, rehabilitation through lip reading and sign language. Rehabilitation of children focuses
Meniere's disease(sbo 3)
Meniere's disease is a disorder characterized by spontaneous attacks of vertigo accompanied by fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. It is caused by endolymphatic hydrops, which results from overproduction or malabsorption of endolymph fluid in the inner ear. Attacks typically involve three phases - an initial irritative phase with nystagmus beating towards the affected ear, followed by a paretic phase with nystagmus beating away from the affected ear, and then a recovery phase with nystagmus back towards the affected ear. Diagnosis involves documented hearing loss and attacks of vertigo lasting at least 20 minutes according to established criteria. Treatment aims to
MENIERES DISEASE.pptx
This document discusses the evaluation and management of Meniere's disease. It begins by describing the classic symptoms of the disease - hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. It then discusses the history of Meniere's disease, first described in 1861 by Prosper Meniere. A key finding is endolymphatic hydrops, an increase in inner ear fluid that causes the symptoms. The document outlines the stages of the disease and recommended tests for evaluation, including hearing tests, balance tests, and imaging. The goal of evaluation is to diagnose the disease and guide treatment, while ruling out other potential causes.
Meniere’s disease
This document discusses Meniere's disease, which causes episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear pressure. There is no single known cause, but theories include endolymphatic hydrops (inner ear swelling), autoimmune issues, anatomical abnormalities, and viral infections. Diagnosis is based on periodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Testing can include audiology exams and ENG, though results are often limited. Treatment starts with lifestyle changes and drugs, but may progress to injections, surgery, or destroying the inner ear balance and hearing mechanisms to permanently stop vertigo attacks.
Ototoxicity
This document discusses ototoxicity, or damage to the inner ear from chemicals. It defines ototoxicity and lists common ototoxic drugs like aminoglycosides, diuretics, antimalarials, and anticancer drugs. High risk groups include those with impaired kidney function, the elderly, and those receiving multiple ototoxic medications. Various drugs are described in more detail regarding their mechanisms and effects on the inner ear. The document also discusses topical ear drops, investigations for ototoxicity, and management strategies like discontinuing ototoxic drugs and using hearing aids.
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MENIERE.diesease pathophygiology sign and symaptom
MEINNERS DISEASE inner ear disorder-Vestibular disorder.
pathology is distension of endolymphatic system
Inner ear disorder
1. Labyrinthitis is an inner ear inflammation that causes severe vertigo, nausea, hearing loss and imbalance.
2. It is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections, such as those causing colds or ear infections.
3. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms through bed rest, medications and sometimes surgery. Patients require care to prevent falls and dehydration during recovery.
Ototoxicity
Ototoxicity refers to ear poisoning caused by exposure to certain drugs or chemicals that damage the inner ear or auditory nerve. Common causes of ototoxicity include aminoglycoside antibiotics, loop diuretics, anti-malarials, and some cancer drugs. Symptoms range from mild tinnitus to total hearing loss. Diagnosis involves evaluating a patient's history of ototoxin exposure and conducting tests like electrocochleography and electronystagmography. Management focuses on discontinuing the ototoxic drug, treating any hearing or balance problems, and limiting future use of ototoxic medications.
Hearing loss
This document discusses hearing loss, including definitions, types, causes, examination, diagnosis, and management. It defines different levels of hearing loss based on decibel thresholds. The main types are conductive, sensorineural, and mixed hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss is usually permanent and caused by inner ear or nerve damage. Causes include genetic syndromes, infections, trauma, tumors, ototoxic drugs, aging, and noise exposure. Evaluation involves history, physical exam including Weber and Rinne tests, and audiometry. Imaging and labs may be needed depending on history. Management depends on type, but may include hearing aids, cochlear implants, rehabilitation through lip reading and sign language. Rehabilitation of children focuses
Meniere's disease(sbo 3)
Meniere's disease is a disorder characterized by spontaneous attacks of vertigo accompanied by fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. It is caused by endolymphatic hydrops, which results from overproduction or malabsorption of endolymph fluid in the inner ear. Attacks typically involve three phases - an initial irritative phase with nystagmus beating towards the affected ear, followed by a paretic phase with nystagmus beating away from the affected ear, and then a recovery phase with nystagmus back towards the affected ear. Diagnosis involves documented hearing loss and attacks of vertigo lasting at least 20 minutes according to established criteria. Treatment aims to
MENIERES DISEASE.pptx
This document discusses the evaluation and management of Meniere's disease. It begins by describing the classic symptoms of the disease - hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. It then discusses the history of Meniere's disease, first described in 1861 by Prosper Meniere. A key finding is endolymphatic hydrops, an increase in inner ear fluid that causes the symptoms. The document outlines the stages of the disease and recommended tests for evaluation, including hearing tests, balance tests, and imaging. The goal of evaluation is to diagnose the disease and guide treatment, while ruling out other potential causes.
Meniere’s disease
This document discusses Meniere's disease, which causes episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear pressure. There is no single known cause, but theories include endolymphatic hydrops (inner ear swelling), autoimmune issues, anatomical abnormalities, and viral infections. Diagnosis is based on periodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Testing can include audiology exams and ENG, though results are often limited. Treatment starts with lifestyle changes and drugs, but may progress to injections, surgery, or destroying the inner ear balance and hearing mechanisms to permanently stop vertigo attacks.
Ototoxicity
This document discusses ototoxicity, or damage to the inner ear from chemicals. It defines ototoxicity and lists common ototoxic drugs like aminoglycosides, diuretics, antimalarials, and anticancer drugs. High risk groups include those with impaired kidney function, the elderly, and those receiving multiple ototoxic medications. Various drugs are described in more detail regarding their mechanisms and effects on the inner ear. The document also discusses topical ear drops, investigations for ototoxicity, and management strategies like discontinuing ototoxic drugs and using hearing aids.
Hearing impairment and rehabilitation
Patients can experience different types of hearing loss, including conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. A history and physical exam including tuning fork tests help distinguish the type of loss. Common etiologies include otosclerosis, presbycusis, noise exposure, and Meniere's disease. Formal audiologic testing is needed to diagnose the condition and guide management, which may include hearing aids, surgery, or lifestyle modifications.
MENIERE’S DISEASE
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo accompanied by ringing in the ears and hearing loss. It is caused by endolymphatic hydrops, or a buildup of fluid in the inner ear. The classic symptoms are vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and demonstrating these characteristic symptoms. Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and medication to more invasive procedures like injections of gentamicin if conservative measures fail.
Deafness
Hearing is one of our primary modes of communication. 360 million people worldwide have disabling hearing loss.
Hearing loss may result from genetic causes, complications at birth, certain infectious diseases, chronic ear infections, the use of particular drugs, exposure to excessive noise and ageing.
Hearing loss may be mild, moderate, severe or profound.
It can affect one ear or both ears, and leads to difficulty in hearing conversational speech or loud sounds. it may occur in one or both ear.
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS (CHL)
SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS (SHL)
MIXED HEARING LOSS (MHL)
Inner ear
The document discusses various diseases of the inner ear, including labyrinthitis, viral labyrinthitis, toxic labyrinthitis, ototoxicity from antibiotics and other substances, neoplasms, trauma, fractures of the temporal bone, tinnitus, vertigo, and Meniere's disease. Labyrinthitis can be suppurative, viral, or toxic/serous and causes symptoms like deafness, dizziness, and vestibular dysfunction. Meniere's disease involves a buildup of endolymph fluid causing episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include antibiotics, steroids, surgery, and addressing the underlying
MS Hearing and Equilibrium Disorders
This document discusses methods for assessing and diagnosing hearing disorders, as well as communicating with those who have hearing loss. It covers the anatomy and physiology of the ear, causes and manifestations of hearing loss, nursing care for ear surgeries and disorders, and proper hearing aid use and care. The learner will be able to describe assessment techniques, identify causes and symptoms of hearing loss, and provide effective communication and post-surgical care for patients with ear disorders.
Sensorineural hearing loss
This document summarizes various causes and types of sensori-neural hearing loss (SNHL). It notes that SNHL affects 278 million people worldwide according to the WHO, and is one of the top 20 global burdens of disease. Causes include genetic syndromic and non-syndromic conditions present at birth, as well as acquired causes like presbyacusis, noise-induced hearing loss, ototoxicity from certain drugs, trauma, and idiopathic sudden SNHL. Ototoxic drugs like aminoglycoside antibiotics and chemotherapy agents can cause permanent SNHL. Prevention, early detection, and treatment options vary depending on the underlying cause.
Hearing loss
Hearing loss can be classified as conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound is not properly conducted from the outer ear to the inner ear. Common causes include earwax buildup, fluid in the middle ear, or problems with the ossicles. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. Common causes include noise exposure, certain medications, aging, and genetic factors. Treatment depends on the type and cause of hearing loss but may include surgery, hearing aids, or treating any underlying medical conditions. Hearing loss can significantly impact quality of life but early diagnosis and management can help address the condition.
Meniere’s disease
Dr. Deepa Shivnani presented on Meniere's disease. Some key points:
1. Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear associated with episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness.
2. The cause is thought to be endolymphatic hydrops (excess fluid buildup) in the inner ear due to issues with fluid regulation.
3. Treatment involves managing acute vertigo attacks medically and lifestyle modifications like a low-salt diet. More advanced cases may involve intratympanic injections or ablative surgeries of the inner ear.
Meniere disease
This document discusses the history, presentation, diagnosis and management of Meniere's disease. Some key points:
- Meniere's disease was first described in 1861 and is characterized by hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo due to endolymphatic hydrops (fluid buildup) in the inner ear.
- Diagnosis is based on recurrent vertigo spells lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness. Tests like electrocochleography and VEMPs can provide supportive evidence.
- Treatment includes dietary sodium restriction, diuretics, medications and surgical options like intratympanic injections if conservative measures fail. The
Meniere's disease by Dr. Aryan
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This document provides an overview of cochlear implants, including:
- A cochlear implant is an electronic device that converts sound into electrical signals to stimulate the auditory nerve for people who are profoundly deaf.
- It has both external and internal components, with the external parts worn behind the ear and the internal parts surgically implanted.
- Candidates for cochlear implants include adults and children over 12 months old with severe-to-profound hearing loss who get limited benefit from hearing aids.
- The surgical procedure to implant the device involves making an incision to access the inner ear and inserting an electrode array to stimulate the auditory nerve. Extensive testing and rehabilitation is required post
Meniere’s disease mine
Meniere's disease is characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss caused by endolymphatic hydrops, or swelling of the inner ear fluid compartments. The exact cause is unknown but may involve defective fluid absorption, vasomotor disturbances, or sodium/water retention. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and ruling out other causes. Treatment focuses on managing vertigo attacks, reducing fluid pressure through diet/diuretics, and surgery such as endolymphatic sac decompression for severe cases. Prognosis varies but many patients experience stabilization over time.
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This document provides information on managing common ear disorders in a low resource setting. It begins with the clinical approach and objectives of diagnosis and primary management. It then covers anatomy of the ear and physiology of hearing. Major sections discuss external ear disorders like ear wax, trauma, and infections. Middle ear disorders like otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, and serous otitis media are covered. Facial nerve palsy, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, and earache are also discussed. Treatment protocols are provided along with referral criteria and pathways.
Case presentation on csom 1
A 36-year-old male presented with decreased hearing in both ears for 3 months. Physical examination and lab tests revealed chronic suppurative otitis media caused by bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The patient was prescribed antibiotics like Augmentin to be taken before meals, antihistamine Levocitrizine to be taken in the evening, pantoprazole for gastric acid suppression, and diclofenac for pain relief. He was counseled on lifestyle modifications like avoiding inserting objects in ears and swimming until fully recovered.
Kmenieres
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes spontaneous episodes of vertigo accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. The exact cause is unknown but may involve viral infection, hereditary factors, or autoimmune issues. Pathologically, it involves endolymphatic hydrops or a buildup of fluid in the inner ear. Diagnosis is based on recurrent vertigo spells lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours along with hearing loss, tinnitus, and fullness. Treatment aims to reduce vertigo and includes dietary sodium restriction, diuretics, vestibular sedatives for acute attacks, intratympanic injections of gentamicin
The Nucleus Hybrid L24 Cochlear Implant System for sensorineural hearing loss
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meniers ppt final 6m 8am.pptx
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes severe dizziness, hearing loss, and ringing in the ears. It occurs when fluid buildup in the inner ear disrupts balance and hearing. Symptoms include vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Diagnosis involves hearing tests and imaging. Treatment focuses on controlling vertigo and preserving hearing, and may include medications, injections, diet changes, hearing aids, and surgery. Managing stress and lifestyle factors can also help control symptoms.
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LABRINTITIS. disorder of inner ear affect hearing
Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear that causes symptoms like vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. It is often caused by viral or bacterial infections spreading from the middle ear or respiratory tract. Diagnosis involves tests like audiograms, ENG tests, and imaging scans. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and vestibular rehabilitation therapy to help the brain compensate for abnormal signals from the inner ear. Left untreated, labyrinthitis can lead to permanent hearing loss or other complications.
Deafness in Adults
The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the ear. It describes the external, middle, and inner ear structures. The external ear collects sound waves. The middle ear contains the tympanic membrane and ossicles that transmit sound to the inner ear. The inner ear contains the cochlea for hearing and vestibular system for balance. It also discusses different types of hearing loss including conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. Common causes and treatments are provided for different types of hearing impairment such as otosclerosis, Meniere's disease, and tinnitus. Diagnostic tests including audiometry and tuning fork tests are also summarized.
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Hearing impairment and rehabilitation
Patients can experience different types of hearing loss, including conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. A history and physical exam including tuning fork tests help distinguish the type of loss. Common etiologies include otosclerosis, presbycusis, noise exposure, and Meniere's disease. Formal audiologic testing is needed to diagnose the condition and guide management, which may include hearing aids, surgery, or lifestyle modifications.
MENIERE’S DISEASE
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo accompanied by ringing in the ears and hearing loss. It is caused by endolymphatic hydrops, or a buildup of fluid in the inner ear. The classic symptoms are vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Diagnosis involves ruling out other causes and demonstrating these characteristic symptoms. Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and medication to more invasive procedures like injections of gentamicin if conservative measures fail.
Deafness
Hearing is one of our primary modes of communication. 360 million people worldwide have disabling hearing loss.
Hearing loss may result from genetic causes, complications at birth, certain infectious diseases, chronic ear infections, the use of particular drugs, exposure to excessive noise and ageing.
Hearing loss may be mild, moderate, severe or profound.
It can affect one ear or both ears, and leads to difficulty in hearing conversational speech or loud sounds. it may occur in one or both ear.
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS (CHL)
SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS (SHL)
MIXED HEARING LOSS (MHL)
Inner ear
The document discusses various diseases of the inner ear, including labyrinthitis, viral labyrinthitis, toxic labyrinthitis, ototoxicity from antibiotics and other substances, neoplasms, trauma, fractures of the temporal bone, tinnitus, vertigo, and Meniere's disease. Labyrinthitis can be suppurative, viral, or toxic/serous and causes symptoms like deafness, dizziness, and vestibular dysfunction. Meniere's disease involves a buildup of endolymph fluid causing episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include antibiotics, steroids, surgery, and addressing the underlying
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This document discusses methods for assessing and diagnosing hearing disorders, as well as communicating with those who have hearing loss. It covers the anatomy and physiology of the ear, causes and manifestations of hearing loss, nursing care for ear surgeries and disorders, and proper hearing aid use and care. The learner will be able to describe assessment techniques, identify causes and symptoms of hearing loss, and provide effective communication and post-surgical care for patients with ear disorders.
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This document summarizes various causes and types of sensori-neural hearing loss (SNHL). It notes that SNHL affects 278 million people worldwide according to the WHO, and is one of the top 20 global burdens of disease. Causes include genetic syndromic and non-syndromic conditions present at birth, as well as acquired causes like presbyacusis, noise-induced hearing loss, ototoxicity from certain drugs, trauma, and idiopathic sudden SNHL. Ototoxic drugs like aminoglycoside antibiotics and chemotherapy agents can cause permanent SNHL. Prevention, early detection, and treatment options vary depending on the underlying cause.
Hearing loss
Hearing loss can be classified as conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound is not properly conducted from the outer ear to the inner ear. Common causes include earwax buildup, fluid in the middle ear, or problems with the ossicles. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. Common causes include noise exposure, certain medications, aging, and genetic factors. Treatment depends on the type and cause of hearing loss but may include surgery, hearing aids, or treating any underlying medical conditions. Hearing loss can significantly impact quality of life but early diagnosis and management can help address the condition.
Meniere’s disease
Dr. Deepa Shivnani presented on Meniere's disease. Some key points:
1. Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear associated with episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness.
2. The cause is thought to be endolymphatic hydrops (excess fluid buildup) in the inner ear due to issues with fluid regulation.
3. Treatment involves managing acute vertigo attacks medically and lifestyle modifications like a low-salt diet. More advanced cases may involve intratympanic injections or ablative surgeries of the inner ear.
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This document discusses the history, presentation, diagnosis and management of Meniere's disease. Some key points:
- Meniere's disease was first described in 1861 and is characterized by hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo due to endolymphatic hydrops (fluid buildup) in the inner ear.
- Diagnosis is based on recurrent vertigo spells lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours, fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness. Tests like electrocochleography and VEMPs can provide supportive evidence.
- Treatment includes dietary sodium restriction, diuretics, medications and surgical options like intratympanic injections if conservative measures fail. The
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- It has both external and internal components, with the external parts worn behind the ear and the internal parts surgically implanted.
- Candidates for cochlear implants include adults and children over 12 months old with severe-to-profound hearing loss who get limited benefit from hearing aids.
- The surgical procedure to implant the device involves making an incision to access the inner ear and inserting an electrode array to stimulate the auditory nerve. Extensive testing and rehabilitation is required post
Meniere’s disease mine
Meniere's disease is characterized by episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss caused by endolymphatic hydrops, or swelling of the inner ear fluid compartments. The exact cause is unknown but may involve defective fluid absorption, vasomotor disturbances, or sodium/water retention. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and ruling out other causes. Treatment focuses on managing vertigo attacks, reducing fluid pressure through diet/diuretics, and surgery such as endolymphatic sac decompression for severe cases. Prognosis varies but many patients experience stabilization over time.
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This document provides information on managing common ear disorders in a low resource setting. It begins with the clinical approach and objectives of diagnosis and primary management. It then covers anatomy of the ear and physiology of hearing. Major sections discuss external ear disorders like ear wax, trauma, and infections. Middle ear disorders like otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, and serous otitis media are covered. Facial nerve palsy, Ramsay Hunt syndrome, and earache are also discussed. Treatment protocols are provided along with referral criteria and pathways.
Case presentation on csom 1
A 36-year-old male presented with decreased hearing in both ears for 3 months. Physical examination and lab tests revealed chronic suppurative otitis media caused by bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The patient was prescribed antibiotics like Augmentin to be taken before meals, antihistamine Levocitrizine to be taken in the evening, pantoprazole for gastric acid suppression, and diclofenac for pain relief. He was counseled on lifestyle modifications like avoiding inserting objects in ears and swimming until fully recovered.
Kmenieres
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes spontaneous episodes of vertigo accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. The exact cause is unknown but may involve viral infection, hereditary factors, or autoimmune issues. Pathologically, it involves endolymphatic hydrops or a buildup of fluid in the inner ear. Diagnosis is based on recurrent vertigo spells lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours along with hearing loss, tinnitus, and fullness. Treatment aims to reduce vertigo and includes dietary sodium restriction, diuretics, vestibular sedatives for acute attacks, intratympanic injections of gentamicin
The Nucleus Hybrid L24 Cochlear Implant System for sensorineural hearing loss
The Nucleus Hybrid L24 Cochlear Implant System is a device approved by the FDA to treat sensorineural hearing loss. It combines a cochlear implant and hearing aid to provide electrical stimulation for high frequencies and acoustic hearing for low frequencies. The internal implant converts sound to electrical signals that are transmitted to electrodes in the cochlea. This helps patients with good low-frequency hearing but poor high-frequency hearing by preserving natural hearing and improving sound perception. While it provides benefits over conventional hearing aids, limitations include inability to transmit rapid sounds and high medical costs.
meniers ppt final 6m 8am.pptx
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes severe dizziness, hearing loss, and ringing in the ears. It occurs when fluid buildup in the inner ear disrupts balance and hearing. Symptoms include vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Diagnosis involves hearing tests and imaging. Treatment focuses on controlling vertigo and preserving hearing, and may include medications, injections, diet changes, hearing aids, and surgery. Managing stress and lifestyle factors can also help control symptoms.
Meniere's disease by Sunil Kumar Daha
Please find the power point on Meniere's disease. I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
LABRINTITIS. disorder of inner ear affect hearing
Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear that causes symptoms like vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. It is often caused by viral or bacterial infections spreading from the middle ear or respiratory tract. Diagnosis involves tests like audiograms, ENG tests, and imaging scans. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and vestibular rehabilitation therapy to help the brain compensate for abnormal signals from the inner ear. Left untreated, labyrinthitis can lead to permanent hearing loss or other complications.
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The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the ear. It describes the external, middle, and inner ear structures. The external ear collects sound waves. The middle ear contains the tympanic membrane and ossicles that transmit sound to the inner ear. The inner ear contains the cochlea for hearing and vestibular system for balance. It also discusses different types of hearing loss including conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. Common causes and treatments are provided for different types of hearing impairment such as otosclerosis, Meniere's disease, and tinnitus. Diagnostic tests including audiometry and tuning fork tests are also summarized.
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Inner Ear.pptx
- 1. Meniere’s Disease / Endolymphatic Hydrops
- 2. This is the disease of inner ear characterized by episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitus.
- 3. Exact aetiology is not known: # Defective absorption by endolymphatic sac # Vasomotor disturbance # Allergy # Sodium & water retention # Autoimmune disturbance # Viral infection
- 4. Endolymph secreted by the stria vascularis and absorbed by the endolymphatic sac
- 5. Pathogenesis: Basic pathology is increased accumulation of fluid in the endolymphatic system causing engorgement. Increased production of endolymph or defective absorption of endolymph.
- 9. Vertigo occurs when the Reissner’s membrane ruptures and there is mixtures of endolymph and perilymph causing chemical imbalance.
- 11. Symptoms: 1. Vertigo-Episodic, sudden onset, last 24 minutes to 24 hours. 2. Hearing loss- Sensory neural, fluctuant & progressive. 3. Tinnitus
- 12. Examination: Otoscopy- Normal TM TFT- SNHL PTA-SNHL Caloric Test- Canal paresis Glycerol test- 15% improvement in PTA
- 13. Treatment: 1. Reassurance 2. Avoidance of smoking, alcohol, coffee, tea 3. Low salt diet
- 14. Medical Management 1. Vestibular sedatives- Promethazine, prochlorperazine 2. Vasodilators- Betahistine, cinnarizine 3. Diuretics- Thiazide, triamterene
- 15. Surgical Management 1. Chemical Labyrinthectomy- Intra tympanic gentamycin 2. Conservative surgery- Endolymphatic sac decompression. Vestibular nerve section 3. Destructive surgery- Labyrinthectomy
- 16. Cochlear Implant/ Bionic Ear Cochlear implant is an electrical device which is used in profoundly deaf patient to electrically stimulate the cochlear nerve.
- 17. Parts: External part: Microphone, speech processor, transmitter coil Internal part: Receiver, electrode array
- 20. Patient selection: Bilateral profound hearing loss, either congenital or acquired
- 28. Greetings from Cochlear Implant Programme, BSMMU. We have implanted Cochlear devices ( bionic ear) to 103 profoundly deaf children in 2018. Altogether we have completed 303 Cochlear implant surgeries since beginning of the programme. Thanks to Honorable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina for providing Chochlear Implant devices to needy children free of cost. Price of one device is nearly ten lacs taka.
- 31. Sensorineural hearing loss 1. Presbyacusis 2. Noise induced hearing loss 3. Labyrinthitis 4. Meniere’s disease 5. Ototoxic drugs 6. Acoustic neuroma
- 32. Ototoxic drugs: 1. Aminoglycosides: Streptomycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, neomycin 2. Diuretics- Ethacrynic acid, frusemide 3. Anti- malarial- -Quinin, chloroquin 4. Salicylate, aspirin
- 33. Presbyacusis: Sensorineural hearing loss associated with physiological aging process in the ear is called presbyacusis.
- 34. It is usually manifest at the age of 60 years or later. The degree of hearing loss and age of onset may vary. It is also known as senile deafness and commonest cause of SNHL.
- 35. Patient have great difficulty in hearing in presence of background noise but hear better in quiet surroundings. Pt may complain of speech is being heard but not understood.
- 37. Treatment: Hearing aid Lip reading Vasodilator drugs: Flunarizine, Betahistine Dihydrochloride Others- Thiamine