INGLÉS I 2023-I.pdf

UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA
DE SANTA MARÍA
PRECATÓLICA 2023 - I
INGLÉS I
Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera
Arequipa – Perú
Ingreso 2023

INGLÉS I
1 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2023-I
UNIT 1
VERB TO BE
Complete the chart with the verb to be.
SUBJECT PRONOUN AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I _________ _________ AM I?
He / _______/ It IS _________ _____ He/ She / It?
You / We / They _________ AREN’T ARE You / We /___?
FIGURE IT OUT
We use the verb to be:
1. To refer about people , pl_____ and an________.
2. To describe the we__________, a_________, and occ_____________.
3. To say how we fe_________.
Complete the sentences with the verb TO BE in the correct form
A: Hello. My name____ Richard. What ____ your name.
B: Tomas.
A: Where _____ you from, Tomas?
B: I _____ from Berlin. Where ____ you from?
A: I______ from London.
A: Excuse me, _____________ you Jose Lopez?
B: Yes, I _____________.
A: _____________ your sister Maria Lopez?
B: No, _____________. My sister’s name _________ Irma.
a) They _______ in the house. They _______ in the supermarket.
b) Your black dog _____ in the garden. It _____ in the kitchen.
c) The students __________ in class because today is Sunday.
d) My neighbors _____ very noisy.
e) She _____ not at home in the morning.
f) The weather ____nice today. It _____warm and sunny.
g) I ______not rich.
h) My brother and I ______ good tennis players.
i) I______ a taxi driver and my sister_____ a nurse.
j) Catherine isn’t at home. She____ at work.
k) I’m not hungry, but I _____thirsty.

INGLÉS I
Make questions with these words.1
1. (is / at home / your mother) ___________________________________?
2. (your parents / are / well) _____________________________________?
3.(interesting / is / your job) _____________________________________?
4. (the shops / are / open today) _________________________________?
5. (from / where / you / are) _____________________________________?
6. (interested in sports / you / are) ________________________________?
7. (is / near here / the station) ___________________________________?
8. (at school / are / your children) ________________________________?
PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative
1. What ____________ their names?
a. is b. are c. am not
2. ____________ their son an astronaut?
a. Is b. Are not c. Am
3. How many slang words____________ there in English?
a. is not b. are c. am
4. I'm afraid that the children __________here.
a. isn’t b. are c. aren’t
5. Sorry, the bad news ____________ devastating.
a. are b. is c. aren’t
6. Our friends ____ in their house. They’re on vacation.
a. isn’t b. is c. aren’t
7. What ____________ you up to?
a. are b. is c. am
8. Lindsey ____________ the new nurse, she ____________ a surgeon.
a. is / aren’t b. isn’t / is c. are / aren’t
9. Their child ____________ a good student.
a. is b. aren’t c. are
10. Coffee ____________ bad for your health.
a. isn’t b. aren’t c. am
1
www.e-grammar.org/present-simple/verb_to_be

INGLÉS I
PRONOUNS2
Personal Pronouns
Possessive Adjectives and
Pronouns
Reflexive
Pronouns
Subject form Object form
Possessive
adjectives
Possessive
pronouns
I me my mine myself
you you your yours yourself
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its (not used) itself
we us our ours ourselves
you you your yours yourselves
they them their theirs themselves
FIGURE IT OUT
Check the correct box or complete the idea.
1. Subject pronouns are used  at the beginning  in the middle  at the end of a
sentence. They represent the person or group of people who  does the action
 receives the action. They usually go  before  after the main verb.
2. Object pronouns usually go  after  before a verb or a preposition.
They  receive  do the action of the verb.
3. Possessive Adjectives go  before  after a noun. They indicate the relationship between
a person and a noun (person, thing, and so on).
4. Possessive pronouns replace  a possessive adjective + noun
 verb + object pronoun.
5. Reflexive pronouns are used to clarify who or what is being referred to.
The subject and the object are  the same  different.
2
http://www.grammarbank.com/pronouns-chart.html

INGLÉS I
1. ____________ is an important author. His books talk about important discoveries.
a. He b. Himself c. His
2. Nora and her siblings are accountants. ____________ office is downtown.
a. Her b. Their c. They
3. Please call the doctors and tell ____________ that this is an emergency.
a. it b. him c. them
4. Your son is climbing the tree in the garden. Look at ________..
a. her b. his c. him
5. This is her book because ____________ is on that shelf.
a. my b. you c. mine
6. Could you pass the salt to________?
a. she b. her c. herself
7. He cut ____________ with a butter knife.
a. his b. him c. himself
8. What's this music? Do you like ________?
a. they b. them c. it
9. My son lives in Cusco. ____________ house is big and old.
a. His b. He c. Mine
10. What’s ____________ occupation?
a. myself b. you c. your
11. Sharon lives in Italy now with ______ family.
a. his b. her c. mine
12. Charles lives in Canada. I can never see_______.
a. he b. him c. his
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask all kind of questions. The interrogative pronoun represents
the thing or the person that we don't know and we are asking the question about.
QUESTION FUNCTION MEANING
What General information or something
What kind Type of something
When Time
Where Location or position
Which Choice
Why Reason or explanation. Use because in the answer.
Who Person
Whom Object (as a person) in a sentence
Whose Possession
How (adjective/adverb) the way something is done

INGLÉS I
EXAMPLES
• -Where is your house?
-It is across from the police station.
• -What kind of music do you like?
-I like rock and pop music.
• -Which patient will the doctor see first?
- The little kid Jimmy.
Complete with the correct interrogative pronoun.
1. A: _______ is his occupation?
B: He is a dentist
2. A: To_______ are you calling?
B: My mom.
3. A: ________ is the drugstore?
B: It’s next to the police station.
4. A: ________ are you crying?
B: Because I am sad.
5. A: ________ old is that building?
B: It is about sixty years old.
6. A: ________ color is your favorite white or black?
B: Neither of them.
7. A: ________ is your English class?
B: It’s on Mondays and Thursdays.
8. A: ________ kind of food do you like?
B: Seafood
9. A: ________ backpack is that?
B: I think it’s Maria’s.
10. A: ________ are you holding a piece of paper?
B: Because I am going to write a letter.
11. A: __________are you going for holidays?
B: I'm going to Trujillo.
12. A: ____________ books are these?
B: They’re Sharon’s.

INGLÉS I
READING COMPREHENSION
Lucy is ten years old. She is from Bristol. Her hair is long and brown. She has a dog and a
rabbit. Their names are Spot and Fluffy. Lucy’s mother is Jane. She is a teacher. She’s thirty-
six years old. Her husband is Nick. He is thirty-eight. He’s a bus driver. He has got brown hair
and blue eyes. Jane’s hair is blonde and her eyes are brown. They have three children Lucy,
Sean and Peter. Sean is six and Peter is twelve years old. Sean’s hair is blonde, Peter’s hair
is brown. Sean and Peter are big basketball fans, their favorite team is Houston Rockets.
Write True (T) or false (F) according to the text.
1. Lucy has got a spider. (…..)
2. Lucy’s mother is 38 years old. (…..)
3. Nick is Sean’s father. (…..)
4. Lucy has two brothers. (…..)
5. Nick is a taxy driver. (…..)
6. Fluffy is a cat. (…..)
PREPOSITIONS
They are words that go before nouns. They can have different functions, meanings and form
prepositional phrases.

INGLÉS I
Complete the text with the correct preposition
Mr. and Mrs. Medina live _______ Moquegua. They are both Math teachers. _______ the
morning they usually eat breakfast _______ home, but they have lunch_______ noon _______
school because they work from seven to three _______ the afternoon. They started to work
_______ 2010. They usually have a winter break _______ August, but _______ January they
never take vacations because they help the school with the summer camp. However, _______
Mondays they often take a day off. They always have a busy routine, but they love teaching.
PRACTICE 3 Choose the correct preposition.
1. I usually eat breakfast _______ my bedroom _______ 8:00.
A) in / at B) on / in C) at / in
2. _______ spring many people travel around the country.
A) In B) On C) At
3. Kids are now _______ school. They usually stay there _______ the morning.
A) in / in B) at / in C) at / on
4. The Beatles were popular _____ the 1960s.
A) at B) on C) in
5. _______ 2017 I graduated from college.
A) At B) In C) On
6. He lives _______ an apartment _______ the third floor.
A) at / in B) in / on C) on / at.
7. _______ Halloween many children wear costumes.
A) At B) In C) On
8. Leaves fall down _______ autumn and _______ spring everything goes green.
A) on / on B) in / in C) at / at
9. The twin tower attack took place _______ September 11th
A) on B) in C) at
10. I usually read _______ night _______ my bedroom.
A) in / on B) at / at C) at / in
11. Mum always reads us fairy tales____ bedtime.
A) on B) in C) at
12. I am not interested _____ buying a new house now.
A) to B) for C) in
13. I'll be ready to leave ____ about ten minutes.
A) in B) on C) at

INGLÉS I
UNIT 2
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
USE
This tense is used to describe:
• Actions in progress at the m______________ of speaking.
I am reading this book right now.
• Temporary actions
I am eating out this week because nobody will be at home.
• Plans and arrangements for the f______________.
I am traveling to Madrid with my family next week
• Annoying habits
He is always using my stuff without permission.
FORM
Complete the chart:
AFFIRMATIVE Subject pronoun + ___________ + ____________ + complement.
NEGATIVE ______________ + to be(negative) + ___________ + complement.
QUESTION ______________ + subject pronoun + ___________ + complement ?

INGLÉS I
Write these verbs in the correct column.
Listen write carry rain watch order travel
Permit let need eat fix cry miss
Get wake have pray mop read brush
1. V + ing 2. E ➔ I + ing 3. V + Y + ING
4. One-syllable
CVC (double
last consonant)
+ ing
5. Two-syllable
CVC (double last
consonant) + ing
Call - calling Dance - dancing Play – playing
Study – studying
Stop - stopping Begin - beginning
1. My mother-in-law _______ at our house this week.
a. stays b. be staying c. is staying
2. Calm down, Martha. Everybody________ at you.
a. are looking b. is looking c. is not look
3. I’m kind of busy right now. I ______________ the baby and ______________ to make lunch.
a. am feeding / am trying b. feeding / try c. am feed / am trying
4. A: What are you up to?
B: Not much, I______________ to some music.
a. just listening b. ‘m just listening c. just am listening
5. Hurry up! we______________ late to the concert.
a. get b. got c. are getting
6. A: Where's John? B: He's in the bathroom. He __________a shower.
a. is making b. is taking c. is doing
7. He ______________ the blueprint for the project this week.
a. is building b. is designing c. is writing

INGLÉS I
8. Why are you always______________? If you are not happy with your job, just quit!
a. resigning b. complaining c. screaming
9. Jules and Jane ______________ a party next Friday because of their fifteen-birthday.
a. are doing b. are making c. are throwing
10. Julia is ________a chocolate cake at the moment.
a. making b. doing c. baking
Write questions in the present continuous using the following words.
1. Adam / run down the street? ____________________________________
2. They / wait for Sam at the entrance? ____________________________________
4. Teresa /eat lunch with them? ____________________________________
5. What / Pierre / do? ____________________________________
6. He / send a text? ____________________________________
7. What / you / hold? ____________________________________
8. Charles and Juan / watch TV / later. ____________________________________
Complete the text with the present continuous. Use each of the verbs once.
work listen watch write study read sit play do sing
I (1) _____ ____________on the computer. I (2) ____ ____________a story for our school
magazine. My father (3) ______ _____________TV and my mother (4) ______ ____________a
magazine. My sister (5) _____ __________ to her Walkman because she loves music. She (6)
______ _______________ but she is not a good singer! My brother (7) _______ ___________
very hard. He (8) ______ ____________at a desk and he (9) ______ ______________his
homework. Our dog and cat (10) ______ ____________ in the corner.
Read the text and answer the questions
WINTER FARM SCENE3
The winter sun is not very warm as it shines its weak light over the snow-covered hills and fields
of New England.
Fred White is driving his horse’s home from the field. He is thinking about the good food that
awaits him at home and the warm kitchen where his wife is preparing the evening meal.
The horses, too, are thinking about home and a warm barn, they are pulling the sled easily as
they are moving slowly over the snow-covered road.
Fred expects to be home by six o’clock. Behind the trees the hills are becoming dark as the sun
goes down. Fred is happy. Another day of work is ending.
3
Rapid Reader. (1978). Washington D.C.: International Communication Agency, USA

INGLÉS I
EXERCISES
1. Write T (true) or F (false)
A) Fred White has been on a trip to town. ( )
B) The scene is one of New England. ( )
C) Fred hopes to get home by six o’clock. ( )
D) The horses are having a hard time pulling the sled. ( )
E) Fred is glad that another work day is finished. ( )
F) Fred’s wife is getting his dinner (supper) ready. ( )
COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE
(Use a/an) (They don’t have singular or plural.)
A job / jobs Money
Getting a job is not an easy thing. We need money to invest in the project.
For plural we add “S” No plural form
Jobs Money
I have a job. Having two jobs is common. Money doesn’t make a business successful.
When counting… To count, use “a ....... of ......."
Paper=a piece of paper
A job / three jobs Glue=a bottle of glue
scissors=a pair of scissors
Music=a piece of music
PLURAL COUNT NOUNS
Use SOME (+) / ANY (-/?)
NON-COUNT NOUNS
Some jobs require physical strength.
They don't have any jobs.
I need some money to buy supplies.
The company went bankrupt; they don’t have any
money to pay the employees.
PLURAL COUNT NOUNS
A FEW / MANY
USE NON-COUNT
LITTLE / MUCH
Many businesses are risky.
There are few materials for the project.
How many factories are there in the city?
I don’t have much energy to work.
Little research won’t help at all.
How much information do you need for the
project?
Use A LOT OF and NO with plural countable
nouns.
Use A LOT OF and NO with uncountable nouns.
No cell phones were admitted in the reunion.
A lot of complains have been reported.
A lot of investment is done by foreign companies.
No training was required for the job.

INGLÉS I
PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative.
1. _________have you got in the bank? Is it enough to buy a house?
a. How much money b. How many money c. How many moneys
2. He needs ________ good contacts for the company.
a. a b. much c. some
3. Can I borrow_____________ from you?
a. many paper b. a piece of paper c. a paper
4. We have ________ new marketing software on our computers.
a. any b. a few c. some
5. There is ________ food in the fridge. It is nearly empty.
a. a lot of b. a few c. little
6. The firm needs ________new consultant.
a. much b. a c. any
7. I just have _______money in my bank account. I can´t buy a new car.
a. a b. little c. some
8. Unbelievable! How_______ discounts can you get in this store?
a. much b. many c. some
9. Do you have ________ cereal? -Sure, there's________ in the kitchen.
a. some/any b. any/some c. some/many
10. We need to go to the grocery store. There are _____ potatoes left.
a. few b. a little c. many
Complete the following dialogues with SOME, A and ANY.4
Waiter: Are you ready to order?
Customer: Yes, we’d like______ soup, please. And have you got _____ fish today?
Waiter: No, I’m sorry but we don’t have ______ fish today.
Customer: Oh, that’s alright. I’ll have _______ hamburger then.
Waiter: Would you like_____chips with your hamburger?
Customer: No, thanks. I don’t want _____chips. But, could I have _____ salad, please?
Waiter: Yes, of course. So that’s one soup and a hamburger with salad.
Customer: Good afternoon. Can we have _______ water, please?
Waiter: Yes, of course. Would you like to see the menu?
Customer: Yes, please. We’d also like _______ bread and ______ bottle of water.
Waiter: Would you like ________ wine?
Customer: No, thank you. We don't want_____ wine.
4
https://www.englishcoursemalta.com/learn/some-any-restaurant-dialogue-exercise/

INGLÉS I
Complete the following sentences with the correct connector of addition.
1. Many youngsters work ________study nowadays.
2. Stephen Hawking was a brilliant professor as _____________ as a scientist.
3. This month, enjoy a dish that is healthy and _________delicious.
4. _____________ being knowledgeable, our teacher is experienced in his field.
5. The architects planned the project for the new bridge. _______________, they built a new
factory downtown.
6. _____________ the need for investment, our company needs to do more research.
7. _____________ the driver __________ the policeman were rude at the police station.
8. _____________ the mother____________ also the child looked puzzled when they were
found by the police.
9. Eating healthy is the first step to avoid diseases. ______________, doing exercise at least
three times a week can do the trick.
10. Children love pasta as _____________ chocolate.
11. The refugees are short of food. ____________, they desperately need medical assistance.
12. She has ________ a motorbike, __________ a car.

INGLÉS I
UNIT 3
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
USES
1. We use the present simple when something is generally or always true.
• Megan always helps me.
• It snows in winter here.
• The Earth orbits the sun.
2. We use the present simple for habits or things that we do in a regular basis.
• She regularly smokes after lunch.
• I play basketball every Saturday.
• I travel abroad very often.
3. We also use the present simple to talk about future activities that are fixed or planned.
• The train leaves at noon.
• The concert starts after the ceremony.
• School begins in March.
4. When we talk about something that is true or a fact in the present.
• My brother lives in Ottawa.
• Kids don’t like vegetables.
• Cats drink milk.
FIGURE IT OUT
1. When we use the third person (he, she, it) in an affirmative sentence the verb changes.
 Yes  No
2. The auxiliaries (do / does / doesn’t / don’t) for the simple present tense are used in the
following sentences:
 Affirmative  Negative  Question.
3. For the third person form, when a verb ends in Y (e.g., play, study, pray, cry), Y is always
changed to I + ES
 Yes  No
4. When the auxiliaries (do / does / doesn’t / don’t) are used the form of the verb is
 Base form  Ad (S / ES)

INGLÉS I
THIRD PERSON SPELLING
For the subject pronouns He / She / It. It only happens in the AFFIRMATIVE FORM.
VERB THIRD PERSON FORM
Listen, get, read, stop,
wake, check, eat
1. Add ________________
Play, pray 2. Add ________________
Cry, hurry, study, try 3. Change _____________ Add ______
Fix, brush, watch, miss,
go, do, kiss
4. Add ________________
Have 5. Change to _______
Complete the paragraphs with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses5
Manuel and Lila Vega (1) _____(have) a busy lifestyle. Manuel is a doctor at a hospital. He______
(2) ______ (work) at night, so he (3) _______ (go) to work at 7:00 p.m. and comes home at 7:00
a.m. His wife Lila works at a bank. She ________ (4) (go) to work at 8:00 a.m. and comes home
at 6:00 p.m. They don’t see each other a lot during the week. Manuel and Lila also (5) ________
(have) two children, Luis and Carla. Every morning they all (6) _________ (have) breakfast
together at 7:30. Then, Luis and Carla (7) ______(go) to school. Manuel (8) ______(do) the
dishes, and then (9) _________ (go) to bed. Carla usually (10) ______ (do) her homework at a
friend’s house in the afternoon, and Luis (11) _______ (have) soccer practice.
Circle the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence
1. Doctor Moffett love / loves his job. 5. I start / starts work at 8:00 a.m. every day.
2. You and Anita work / works on weekends. 6. Nurses help / helps people.
3. We write / writes science books. 7. Our office close / closes at 7:00 p.m.
4. You walk / walks to work every day. 8. He study / studies ants.
5
https://ngl.cengage.com/assets/downloads/grex_pro0000000538/grex1_su3.pdf

INGLÉS I
1. __________ your sister _____________ enough patience to work with children?
a. Do / have b. Does / has c. Does / have
2. Their son ________________ in an important corporation overseas.
a. work b. works c. is works
3. Simon always ________ good scores in his exams.
a. go b. gets c. show
4. ________________ I ________________ to study every day?
a. Do / need b. Does / need c. Am / need
5. Joseph________ very hard in class, but I __________ he’ll make it.
a. try / doesn’t think b. trys/ don’t think c. tries / don’t think
6. Good news ________________ what the country ________________
a. are / needs b. be / need c. is / needs
7. My family and I ________ to Spain every summer.
a. flys b. flies c. fly.
8. How many books __________ you read in a year?
a. are b. does c.do
9. She loves music and ________ to concerts whenever she can.
a. show b. goes c. go
10. ____________Peru ________________ laws to protect animal rights?
a. Does / need b. Do / need c. Is / needing
READING COMPREHENSION6
Read and answer the questions.
This is Bertha. She’s a nurse. She’s tall and pretty. She works in a hospital.
She looks after sick people. She gets up at six o’clock in the morning. She
takes a quick shower and puts on her clothes. Then she eats breakfast at
half past six. At seven o’clock, she drives her car to the hospital. Bertha
starts work at eight o’clock. She cleans some rooms in the hospital and then
she helps the doctors. At twelve o’clock, she has lunch. She goes home at
five o’clock. At home, she takes a long bath and she cooks dinner. After
dinner she watches TV, and finally at ten o’clock, she goes to bed.
1. What does Bertha do? __________________________________________
2. Where does she work? __________________________________________
3. Does she get up at seven o’clock? __________________________________________
4. Does she help the doctors? __________________________________________
5. What time does she go to bed? __________________________________________
6
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/689121180465910781/

INGLÉS I
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY 7
Look at the following examples:
• Maria never goes r to the gym
• Carlos is always late for work.
• Children don’t often have dinner.
• Do you usually visit your parents?
• I go to the theatre once in a while.
• You should always put on sunblock.
• We might never see each other again.
FIGURE IT OUT
1. Adverbs of frequency are used in the
 Simple present tense  Present continuous
2. They describe___________ we do an activity.
 How often  How long
3. They go __________ a main verb
 Before  After
4. They go __________ a form of the verb TO BE
 Before  After
5. If we use an auxiliary, the adverbs are placed__________ the auxiliary and the main verb.
 Before  After  Between
6. Every day – once a month – twice a week – once in a while – every other day
• These expressions are:
 Adverbs of frequency  Time expressions
• They go _________ of the sentence
 At the end  At the beginning  Both
7
http://howtotalkinenglish.blogspot.pe/2015/03/adverbs-of-frequency.html
Frequency Adverb
100% always
90% usually /normally
80% often / frequently
50% sometimes
30% occasionally
10% seldom/ rarely
5% hardly ever
0% never

INGLÉS I
Rewrite the sentences in the correct form.
1. It is said that lawyers tell usually lies.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. People waste water always.
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Foreigners don’t respect often traditions from other places.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Always children love watching cartoons.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Does the pope have usually a lot of tolerance to critics?
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Dogs never are sad; they are happy most of the time.
___________________________________________________________________________
7. Some drivers respect once in a while the traffic signs.
___________________________________________________________________________
8. Judges are not right often in my country.
___________________________________________________________________________
1. The baby sleeps all day long, so he ____________ cries.
a. hardly ever b. once in a while c. sometimes
2. Mr. Gutierrez is ____________ in good mood, he is ____________angry.
a. always / never b. hardly ever / never c. often / sometimes
3. Flies ____________ around garbage.
a. are always b. usually are c. aren’t never
4. I try to go to the gym but I am lazy, so I go ____________
a. very often. b. once in a while. c. not seldom.
5. Cell phones ____________ emit so much radiation which is harmful for our health.
a. usually b. not often c. every other day
6. You ____________ pay attention to the instructions.
a. often should b. should always c. should be always
7. Teenagers believe they ____________ right.
a. never are b. are once a week c. are always
8. Athletes ____________ train hard and they ____________ eat healthy.
a. usually / never b. always / usually c. every day / seldom
9. Politicians _________for their own interest and they _______ care about the people who vote
for them.
a. often work / seldom b. never work / seldom c. not usually work / not often
10. Celebrities ____________ extravagant clothes and they ____________ buying luxuries.
a. never / love always b. usually wear / never loves c. often wear / love

INGLÉS I
Use present simple or present progressive to complete the conversation
Sania: Hi, I´m Sania and I______________(stay) in this city for two months.
Alan: Nice to meet you, Sania. I´m Alan, but my friends _________(call) me Al. Sania is an
unusual name. Where______it ________from? (come)
Sania: It’s Indian. It ________ (mean) “violet-colored flower”.
Alan: That’s pretty. What ______ you ______ (do), Sania?
Sania: Well, I usually ____________ (sell) computer equipment, but right now I __________
(work) at a flower shop. My uncle _______(own) it.
Present Simple or Present Continuous. 8
Harold Black is a famous musician. He________________(give) two or three concerts
every week. He________(travel) a lot and this week he's in New York. He _________(stay)
at an expensive hotel. He's at his hotel now. He____________(have) his breakfast in his room.
He______________(drink) a cup of coffee and he____________(read) a newspaper.
Harold is always very busy. He___________(play) the piano regularly.
He_______________(practise) for three hours every day. He___________(go)to bed late and
he always__________(get up) early. But he sometimes______________(get) dressed too
quickly, and this morning he_____________(wear) one blue sock and one red one!
ANALOGIES
8
http://www.vpssa.edu.rs/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Present-Simple-vs.-Progressive-exercises.pdf
2. PERSIAN : CAT ::
a. alligator : crocodile
b. zebra : reptile
c. parakeet : bird
d. rat : marsupial
e. fly : bee
1. PETAL : FLOWER ::
a. recliner : chair
b. leaf : tree
c. basket : ball
d. material : fabric
e. avocado : guacamole
3. INTEREST: OBSESSION ::
a. mood : feeling
b. weeping : sadness
c. dream : fantasy
d. plan : negation
e. highlight : indication
4. SEARCH : FIND ::
a. sleep : wake
b. explore : discover
c. draw : paint
d. think : relate
e. walk : run
5. FOOT: SKATEBOARD ::
a. tire : automobile
b. lace : shoe
c. ounce : scale
d. walk : jump
e. pedal : bicycle
6. SOUND: CACOPHONY ::
a. taste : style
b. touch : massage
c. smell : stench
d. sight : panorama
e. speech : oration

INGLÉS I
TELLING THE TIME
To tell the time we can ask the question
-What time is it? or What’s the time? - Do you know what time it is?
-Could you tell me what the time is?
There are two forms to tell the time:
1. Hour + minutes
What time is it?
It’s 7:20 = It’s seven twenty
2. Minutes + past / to + hour
It’s twenty past seven
* Be careful when using “TO” because you will have to discount the minutes that you have for
the next hour.
E.g., it’s 7. 40 = It’s twenty to eight.

INGLÉS I
Choose the correct alternative
What time is it?
1. It’s 9:30
a. half to ten b. thirty to ten c. half past nine
2. It’s 3:15
a. three past fifteen b. a quarter past fifteen c. a quarter past three
3. It’s 12: 48
a. twelve to one b. forty-eight to one c. a quarter to one
4. It’s 5:00
a. five oh b. five o’clock c. five to five
5. It’s 8: 05
a. eight five b. five past eight c. five to eight
Match the phrases (a-h) with the times (1-8)
1. …… 2.30 p.m. a. Twelve noon
2. …… 6.25 p.m. b. Half past two in the afternoon
3. …… 12.00 p.m. c. Quarter past nine in the morning
4. …… 12.30 a.m. d. Five to four in the afternoon
5. …… 7.45 p.m. e. Quarter to eight in the evening
6. …… 3.55 p.m. f. Twenty to two in the morning
7. …… 9.15 a.m. g. Twenty-five past six in the evening
8. …… 1.40 a.m. h. Half past midnight
Write the time for each clock.
1. _________________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________________

INGLÉS I
UNIT 4
MODALS OF ABILITY
CAN and COULD
Use
The modal verb CAN is used to express ability.
To express ability in the past we use the modal COULD.
FORM
Affirmative
I can play the guitar very well. Subject pronoun + _________ + verb
Negative
He can’t ride a bicycle. ______________+ can’t + verb
Questions
Can she speak German? _________ + subject p. + _______ + c?
Look at the picture and complete the gaps with can / can’t.
9
Marita Gomez is a secretary, and she is always busy. Being a secretary means doing many tasks
at once, and also you must have some skills. For example, Marita __________ take notes in
shorthand, she __________ deal with several phone calls; she __________ make coffee quickly,
but she __________ cook, by the way she always buys her lunch. Her position at the company is
so important that she __________ be absent for more than a week, this is why she __________
take just a few days off when she is on vacation. On some exceptional occasions, she
__________ ask for permission and she ________ take a day off, she deserves it! Nobody at the
company __________ work without Marita’s help. Companies always need secretaries or
assistants, we __________ do without them!
9
http://clipartmag.com/busy-secretary-cliparts#busy-secretary-cliparts-25.gif

INGLÉS I
1. I’m sorry we __________ much to help you.
a. can do b. can’t do c. can to do
2. He __________ to this place it is forbidden.
a. can enters b. can to enter c. can’t enter
3. We ________ hear you. The music is too loud.
a. can b. can’t c. could
4. Susy__________ but she __________ ,she is really good at it.
a. can sing / can dance b. can’t sing / can dance c. can sings / can’t dance
5. If you have some free time, you __________ go with us to the movies.
a. cannot b. can’t c. can
6. It's really dark in here, I ________ see anything at all.
7. Sara_________ only speak English. She doesn't know any other languages.
8. My grandfather __________ run really fast when he was young. He won several medals.
9. In an exam you __________ your cell phone.
a. can to use b. can be used c. can’t use
10. __________ the window please, it is so stuffy in here?
a. Can you open b. Could you opened c. Can’t you opening
VOCABULARY
FOOD IDIOMS
Idioms are expressions which have a
meaning that is not literal.
As cool as a cucumber = relaxed, calm
under pressure.
A butterfingers = somebody who often
drops things.
A piece of cake = something very easy.
Bring home the bacon = to earn money to live.
Cup of tea= something is not to your interests or tastes. Basically, you don't like it.
A bad egg= someone who is not to be trusted.
Spill the beans= reveal secret information.
A hard nut to crack= a difficult problem or person to deal with.
Big cheese= A very important and powerful person.
A couch potato= someone who just sits in front of the TV. A lazy person.

INGLÉS I
Complete each blank with the most appropriate idiom:
1. Rap music is not my _______________; I prefer rock.
2. A person who lives a sedentary lifestyle may be known as a ____________.
3. Those boys never help, they’re all ______________.
4. He left business school and became a ____________ in the city.
5. I'm looking for a job. I need to do something to _______________.
6. I didn’t know you were dating her. Since when? Come on, __________!
7. The driver was _______________________when the police stopped him.
8. Mr. Smith is such ____________________ when he’s in a bad mood.
9. Sally is so clumsy, she's really _________________!
10.Learning English is so easy, is _____________________!
THE ADJECTIVE
What is an adjective?
An adjective is a word that describes something (a noun).
An adjective gives us more information about a person or thing.
Adjectives sometimes appear after the verb To Be
The order is To Be + Adjective.
• He is tall.
• She is happy.
Adjectives usually appear before a noun.
The order is Adjective + Noun.
• Slow car
• Brown hat
❖ Sometimes you want to use more than one adjective to describe something or someone.
What happens if a hat is both brown AND old?
Do we say… an old brown hat OR a brown old hat?
An old brown hat is correct because a certain order for adjectives is expected.
A brown old hat sounds incorrect or not natural.
More examples:
• It was made of a strange green metallic material.
• It’s a long new plastic brush.
• What an amazing little old Chinese saucer!
The adjectives go before nouns, and they follow a specific order.
Use the acronym OSSACOMP to help you.

INGLÉS I
ORDER OF THE ADJECTIVES
PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative:
1. Can you lend me your ____________ laptop?
a. new red American
b. red American new
c. American new red
2. Those ____________ kids are playing soccer again.
a. mischievous eight-year-old Mexican
b. eight-year-old mischievous Mexican
c. Mexican eight-year-old mischievous
3. Unbelievable! You bought that ____________ night table.
a. round old tacky melamine
b. melamine old round tacky
c. tacky round old melamine
4. I am going to buy that ____________ bag we saw at the mall yesterday.
a. long black German sleeping
b. German sleeping black long
c. black German long sleeping
5. Have you seen my ____________ purse?
a. fancy brand-new turquoise leather
b. brand-new leather turquoise fancy
c. turquoise fancy leather brand-new
6. Fortunately, he sold his ____________ car
a. Korean yellow large hideous
b. yellow hideous Korean large
c. hideous large yellow Korean
7. My uncle wore a ________ tie to the wedding.
a. silk blue tiny
b. tiny blue silk
c. blue silk tiny

INGLÉS I
Complete the sentences using the correct order or the adjectives
1. At home there is an _______________________ table in the living room.
(wooden/awful/square)
2. My sister-in law has _______________________________ hair.
(black/medium length/ beautiful)
3. The gallery exhibited mainly _____________________________ paintings.
(French/old/strange)
4. It started to rain so I opened an ______________________ umbrella.
(red/enormous/polyester)
5. Have you seen my ________________________________ lampshade?
(paper/new/round/huge)
6. I saw a ___________________________________________ wolf.
(huge/horrible/Canadian/gray)
7. Carlos is wearing a ______________________________ shirt.
(blue/cotton /nice )
8. I have a ________________________________________sofa.
(big/round/ leather /Spanish /old)
VOCABULARY
Fill in the blanks with one of the adjectives in the box below. 10
1. The men knew they were in great danger. It was going to be a ___________ journey.
2. Pam is not a wealthy woman, yet she always gives a ____________contribution to charity.
3. Anna dislikes her naturally curly hair. She is __________ of her friend Misha’s straight hair.
4. The sun is shining and there is a cool breeze. It is a _______________day for a picnic.
5. A ball of yarn was missing from Grandma’s knitting basket. When she saw a bit of yellow
fuzz in Mr. Paw’s sleeping basket, Grandma became _____________of her cat.
6. Tony is going to visit his dad in Virginia. It is his first plane ride alone and he’s_________.
7. A large envelope arrived for Deanne with no return address. She was __________ as to who
could have sent it.
8. Yvonne worked hard on her science project. She was __________when she discovered that
her baby brother had ruined it.
10
https://www.pdfdrive.com/reading-comprehension-skills-and-strategies-level-7pdf-e33586767.html
jealous generous suspicious curious glorious furious perilous nervous

INGLÉS I
CONNECTORS OF CONTRAST
They contrast information and are used to show an unexpected or surprising result.
1.__________ she did a lot of research; her work wasn’t really good.
a. But b. Although c. Despite
2. __________ being the first place at school, he didn’t study at college.
a. Although b. However c. In spite of
3. It was raining cats and dogs, __________ the temperature was hot.
a. however b. despite c. although
4. He was an excellent student. __________, his twin was lazy and failed two subjects.
a. On the other hand b. But c. In spite of
5. The landscape was absolutely breathtaking, ________ the surroundings were dirty.
a. but b. nevertheless c. in spite of
6. ____________being so spoiled as a child, he did a lot for his family as a grown-up.
a. But b. In spite of c. Although
7. ___________my plan could be the solution; it was unachievable due to a short budget.
a. However b. In spite of c. Even though
8. The big dog is quite tranquil, __________ the small dog is naughty.
a. nevertheless b. while c although
9. __________ the fact that dogs are kind animals, some humans can be merciless with them.
a. Whereas b. Nevertheless c. In spite of
10. __________ his bad temper, he is a generous being.
a. Despite b. Although c. On the other hand

INGLÉS I
UNIT 5
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Use
To describe an action or state that was completed at a specific time in the past.
• Marie moved to Paris when she was 27.
• The had their first child in 2010.
FIGURE IT OUT
1. The simple past use the auxiliary _________ for all the subject pronouns in
______________form and in ______ form + NOT.
2. In affirmative sentences the verb goes in ____________.
3. The verbs are divided in ___________________ verbs because we add “D / ED” to change
them to past form and ___________________ verbs that change completely.
4. The past tense of the verb To Be:
I / He / She / It ____________ You / We / They _____________
5. The verb to be is also an ____________ in the past tense for negative sentences and
questions.
6. The time expressions for the past tense are:
Y________________ L________ A_____________

INGLÉS I
Spelling rules for regular verbs
1. General
rule
Add ED
2. vowel + y =
Add ED
3. consonant + y =
change y ➔ I + ED
4. silent e =
Add D
5.CVC double
the last
consonant.
visit =
miss =
watch =
finish =
fix =
buzz =
call =
listen =
need =
play =
destroy =
employ=
marry =
carry =
study =
cry =
try =
advise =
admire =
damage =
dance =
injure =
Stop =
Mop =
Commit =
Permit =
Read the text and complete with the correct form of the verbs
A FUNNY DAY
What a crazy day! Yesterday was the silliest day of my life I ______________ (wake up) early
and I ______________ (take) a quick shower, then I ______________ (have) a glass of juice for
breakfast, and I ______________ (go) straight to the bus stop. I ______________ (catch) the first
bus I ______________ (see), but I ______________ (make) a mistake, it ______________ (be)
the wrong bus, so I ______________ (get off) and I ______________ (have) to wait for another.
I ______________ (spend) two hours commuting to work. When I finally ______________ (get)
to work the doors ______________ (be) closed because it was Sunday. How terrible!

INGLÉS I
1. When the teacher ______________ the room, everybody was sleeping.
a. got into b. enter c. discovering
2. Mario ______________ at the concert because he ______________ at home.
a. wasn’t / was b. were / weren’t c. worked / was
3. The new president ______________ to be honest in his government.
a. promises b. promised c. promising
4. Nobody ______________ to his party and he ______________ miserable.
a. came / felt b. was / feel c. comes / was
5. Eleonor ______________ a talented singer, although she _____________deaf on one ear.
a. had / is b. was / was c. were / were
6. My laptop ______________ last night. That’s why I ______________ my homework.
a. broke downed / did b. break down / didn’t do c. broke down / didn’t do
7. My neighbor’s dog ______________ all night long, so I ______________
a. barked / couldn’t sleep b. barks / could not slept c. was barking / can sleep
8. The simple past tense ______________ easy to learn.
a. had b. was c. were
9. The soccer players ____________ their best to classify to the last tournament.
a. always do b. did c. never done
10. I ______________ hard for my exam, this is why I ______________.
a. study / passing b. studied / did pass c. studied / passed
READING
Nymeria was waiting for her in the guardroom at the base of the stairs. She bounded to her feet
as soon as she caught sight of Arya, Arya grinned. The wolf pup loved her, even if no one else
did. They went everywhere together. Nymeria nipped eagerly at her
hand as Arya untied her. She had yellow eyes. When they caught
the sunlight, they gleamed like two golden coins. Arya had named
her after the warrior queen of the Rhoyne, who had led her people
across the narrow sea. That had been a great scandal too. Sansa,
of course, had named her pup "Lady." Arya made a face and hugged
the wolfling tight. Nymeria licked her ear, and she giggled.
Write the words in bold with their meanings:
1. To laugh repeatedly ________________
2. To hold someone with your arms _______________
3. To smile cheerfully _______________
4. To move with jumping movements _______________
5. To press something with teeth or nails ____________
6. To produced or reflect a bright light ______________

INGLÉS I
USED TO
It describes a past state or activity that is no longer true in the present.
Read the text and complete with USED TO + VERB or the simple past
THE GOOD OLD DAYS
I ________________ (live) in Arequipa, but I ________________ (move) to Miami ten years
ago because of my job. Arequipa ________________ (be) a quiet place without night life and
safe as well. There ________________ (not be) so much delinquency and crime. Everybody
___________ (know) one another it ________________ (be) a safe place. Without a shadow of
a doubt, the city has changed a lot. For example, there ________________ (be) a horse race
track in Porongoche Avenue, but now it is a mall. There ________________ (be) a school on
Ejercito Avenue, but now it is a mall. Now many people live there and there is a lot of chaos and
pollution. I really miss how the city ________________ (be) ten years ago.
1. She _________________ a vegetarian.
a. used to be b. use to was c. uses to be
2. She is blonde now, but she _________________ red hair.
a. did use to had b. used to be c. used to have
3. This place _________________ lots of trees.
a. used to have b. use to has c. had had
4. Nicolay _________________, but now he does it a lot.
a. didn’t used to smoke b. did not use to smoke c. did not smoked
5. Children _________________ cell phones, now things are different.
a. did have b. didn’t use to have c. didn’t used to have
6. Teachers _________________ strict.
a. used to be b. uses to be c. didn’t used to be
7. I__________ her but now I think she is great.
a. did used to like b. didn’t use to like c. didn’t use to liked

INGLÉS I
8. Families _________________ together and _________________
a. use to eat / talked b. used to ate / talk c. used to eat / talked
9. People _________________ more physical work.
a. used to do b. used to did c. uses to do
10. Parents _________________ more time to spend with their children.
a. didn’t used to have b. used to have c. did had
PAST CONTINUOUS
Once upon a time a princess was sleeping.
While he was studying, I was checking my email.
I was writing, when my pen ran out of ink.
They were dancing at the disco last night.
FIGURE IT OUT
1. Use the Past Continuous to describe
 Complete actions  Actions in progress
2. Use the past continuous
 To describe background information
 Describe an action in progress that was interrupted  Both
3. Use _________ when you describe two actions in progress
 While / When  Yesterday / Last
4. The structure for the past continuous is
 was / were + v(ing)  verb + ed
Read the text and complete the sentences with the past continuous
It is a beautiful day. It is the day of my fifteenth birthday. My mother and my father are the
best parents in the world. Last night they _______________ (make) a wonderful cake for me. My
dad _______________ (talk) with my mother and siblings all night long. I think they
_______________(plan) a party for me. I could overhear them talking while I
_______________(do) my homework, they _______________ (coordinate) something for the
next day. I am not sure about the details or the place because my dog _______________(bark),
so it was a little bit hard to hear. Anyway, I know they have something I will certainly enjoy today!
1. While I_______________ a shower, somebody _______________.
a. was take / call b. was taking / called c. calling / took
2. The birds _______________ while it_______________.
a. was singing / raining b. rain / sing c. were singing / was raining

INGLÉS I
3. He _______________ a poem, when there was a blackout.
a. was writing b. wrote c. written
4. The kids _______________ at school all day. They are tired now.
a. studied b. were studying c. study
5. The teenagers _______________ the wall when the police _______________.
a. were painted / arrive b. painted / was arriving c. were painting / arrived
6. Susan_______________ a letter all yesterday afternoon.
a. was typing b. were type c. typed
7. While my mom _______________, my dad _______________ nothing.
a. cooked / did b. cooking / didn’t do c. was cooking / was doing
8. The teacher; who _______________ the exam, was rude and cold.
a. controlled b. controlling c. were controlling
9. Their son _______________ at the pool, when he _______________ a spider.
a. swam / saw b. were swimming / seeing c. was swimming / saw
10. Yesterday evening many people _______________ for the course.
a. were enrolling b. was enrolled c. enrolled
Past Simple or Past Continuous. Complete the sentences with the correct form.
1. He _______________ (dance) at a party when he ____________ (see) his girlfriend.
2. When they _______________ (see) the shark they _______________ (swim) in the sea.
3. Susan _______________ (arrive) while I _______________ (have) dinner.
4. He _______________ (play) football, when he _______________ (break) his leg.
5. I _______________ (wait) for my friend when the bus _______________ (arrive).
6. When I _______________ (get back) my mum _______________ (cook) dinner.
Reading Comprehension
Read and answer the questions
In 1519, Hernan Cortez led his army of Spanish Conquistadors into Mexico. Equipped with horses,
shining armor, and the most advanced weapons of the sixteenth century, he fought his way from
the flat coastal area into the mountainous highlands. Cortez was looking for gold, and he was sure
that Indian groups in Mexico had mined large amounts of the precious metal. First, he conquered
the groups and then seized their precious gold. His methods were very organized. Initially, Cortez
defeated the Tlascalans, and then formed an alliance with them to defeat the Aztecs, their
enemies. Because of an Aztec prophecy about the return of Quetzacoatl, a legendary god-king
who was light skinned and bearded, Cortez was believed to be a god and was received by the
Aztecs with honor. Later, this warm welcome turned to mistrust and hatred when the Spaniards
mistreated the Aztec people. Eventually, the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, fell to the Spaniards.
Cortez had Tenochtitlan razed and built Mexico City on its ruins.

INGLÉS I
1. According to the text, which one of the following did NOT cause the defeat of the Aztecs?
A) The Aztecs initially thought that Cortez was a god.
B) Cortez knew how to form alliances with the Aztecs’ enemies.
C) The Conquistadors had advanced weapons.
D) The Spanish outnumbered the Aztecs.
2. The reader can infer from the passage that the Aztecs thought Cortez was the god from their
prophecy because…
A) he was light skinned and had a beard.
B) he rode a magnificent horse.
C) he spoke a foreign language.
D) he offered friendship.
3. According to the passage, what was Cortez’s major goal in his exploits?
A) to befriend the Aztecs
B) to get married
C) to return to Spain
D) to gain wealth and power
4. Which of the following sayings should the Aztecs have heeded?
A) Seeing is believing.
B) Beware of strangers.
C) There’s no place like home.
D) A friend in need is a friend indeed.

INGLÉS I
VOCABULARY
PHRASAL VERBS
A group of words that consists of a verb with a preposition or adverb or both, the meaning of
which is different from the meaning of its separate parts.
Phrasal verbs with look
Look forward to something: feeling excited about something that is going to happen.
Look something up: to find information by looking in a book or by using a computer.
Look up to somebody: to admire and respect someone.
Look into something: to investigate or research the cause of a problem or a crime.
Look out for someone: to try to make sure that someone is treated well.
Look through somebody: pretend not to notice a person you know.
Look through something: to read something quickly.
Look down on somebody: to think that you are better than others.
Look back on: to think about something in the past
Look after somebody: to be responsible for or take care of someone or something.
Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verbs.
1.I’ve been waiting for so long I didn’t think this day would arrive. I’m really looking
___________ _____ meeting Jane for the first time. So exciting!
2.They weren’t sure about the information, so they had to look it _______ on internet.
3. She has always looked _________ ________ her sister. She’s one of the best students in her
class and a great person.
4. It’s frequent to find people that look _________ ________ others just because they are rich.
5. I have to think carefully about this. I don’t want to be 65 and look __________ _______ this
moment and regret not taking the right decision.
6. My parents told me to look _________ ________ my younger brother because he is still too
little to come alone to the swimming pool.
7. Don’t bother reading it all in detail. Just look _________________ it and find what we need.
8. The principal promised to look ____________ the matter and find a solution.
9. Whenever he meets his ex-girlfriend, she looks straight _________him.
10. Don't worry about Miranda, she can look __________ herself.

INGLÉS I
CONNECTORS OF SEQUENCE
Complete the sentences with the correct connector of sequence.
1. ________________, boil some water. ________________, add the pasta.
________________, drain the pasta.
2. ________________ he saw the message on his cell phone, he left the house.
3. Two hours ________________, he showed up at the meeting.
4. _______________ he painted the wall; he had already sanded the wall.
5. Cut the fabric into equal pieces. ________________ switch on the hot glue gun.
6. I told her not to talk about that topic with him. She talked to him shortly
_______________
7. Fill out the form, _______________ present it in admission.
8. _______________ hours of silence, he _______________ decided to confess the crime.
9. _______________, clean the surface. ________________, remove the sticker.
________________, paste the screen protector glass carefully.
10._______________ you leave, make sure you have the keys with you.

INGLÉS I
UNIT 6
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
We use the Present Perfect for actions or states in the past which have a connection with the
present, the exact time is not important.11
FORM
Complete the charts with the auxiliaries.
FORM EXAMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE
He / She / It ________
I / You / We / They ________
She has eaten Suri once.
They have gone on a cruise many times.
NEGATIVE
He / She / It ________
I / You / We / They ________
He hasn’t seen that movie.
I haven’t cheated on an exam.
QUESTION
________ He / She / It
________ I / You / We / They
Has he ever ridden a horse?
Have they ever been to Cancun?
11
Promodou, Luke. Grammar and Vocabulary for FCE. England. 2002

INGLÉS I
1. Has the company _____ their sales?
a. sold b. expanded c. broken
2. Our customer service agent ________ our client in the accident.
a. has helped b. helped c. have helped
3. In fact, novice exporters ______ on the Asian market recently.
a. are focusing b. focus c. have focused
4. Our human resources manager ________ in our company for more than ten years.
a. is b. has been c. was
5. Two of the most famous brands __________a strategic alliance to gain more market.
a. signed b. are signing c. have signed
6. The sales reps _________ to several countries this year in order to expand our sales.
a. were b. went c. have gone
7. The price of the company shares_________ since February.
a. has decreased b. decreased c. is decreasing
8. Our business__________ profitable enough.
a. have been b. has not be c. has never been
9. Our suppliers ____________to the training session. Where are they now?
a. has not go b. went c. have not been
10. I ____________ in the morning shift, my whole life.
a. have worked b. did c. have done
EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT part I
SINCE
We use SINCE to give a reference when the action probably started, but not finished.
Since November, since last year, since I graduated
Since I was a kid, since Friday, since 9:15
They have had this business since 2000.
FOR
We use for to say the duration of an activity from the moment it started until now.
For a long time, for a couple of days, for two months, for hours, for two minutes
We have studied for two months.

INGLÉS I
Complete with SINCE or FOR.
1. He has worked here _____ twenty years.
2. He hasn’t talked to him ______ Monday.
3. I have studied Business ______ more than four semesters.
4. I haven't made a good deal _____ last month.
5. I have been on vacation _____ the last three weeks.
6. My sister has been waiting ______ noon.
7. I haven’t heard from him _______ a couple of days.
8. Marcia hasn't had a day off _______ 2000.
9. The firm has exported such goods _________ a long time.
10. I have been in this office ________ 2:00 o’clock.
PRESENT PERFECT VS. SIMPLE PAST
Use the verb in brackets in past simple or present perfect.
1. Maria loves seafood. She _____________ (eat) Ceviche many times.
2. John _____________ (live) in that cabin for a month. (He still lives there).
3. I _____________ (see) that movie yesterday.
4. I _____________ (read) the newspaper twice today
5. The dog _____________ (be) here yesterday.
6. Her son _____________ (go) to Paris when he _____________ (be) only 5.
7. _____________you _____________(watch) TV last night?
8. He _____________ (have) a surgery a week ago.
9. He _____________ (live) in Arequipa three years ago.
10. The car looks different. _____________you _____________ (get) it painted?
11. I _____________ (not see) you at college yesterday.
12. Shakespeare _____________ (write) Hamlet.
EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT part II

INGLÉS I
‘Just’ means ‘a short time ago’. It is used in affirmative statements.
I’ve just called the customer.
‘Yet’ tells us that something expected to happen has not happened (Use a negative sentence)
or to ask if it has happened (we use a question) we use it at the end of a question.
They haven’t offered me a bigger compensation yet.
‘Still’ tells us that something continues and has not finished. We use it in mid position and if the
sentence is negative, it comes before the negative word.
I still haven’t been able to finish the schedule. I have tons of work!
‘Already’ expresses surprise that something has happened sooner than expected. We use it in
positive sentences and questions. We use it in mid or end position.
I’ve already checked my flight.
Complete with one suitable word
1. Carlos has __________certified the system. He finished two minutes ago.
2. Have you uploaded the information_________?
3. The project manager __________hasn’t said a word.
4. The electrician has ____________ changed the wires. Now we can use our devices.
5. The man has ________worked as a constructor before.
6. The factory hasn’t apologized with their employees __________.
7. I _________ haven’t seen our boss.
8. She has __________ gone to work few minutes ago.
9. They have __________ closed the factory since 2010.
10. I have not seen the secretary ________.
1. The plane has __________had his tank filled.
a. already b. still c. always
2. The delivery has ________arrived. It was five minutes ago.
a. already b. always c. just
3. Has they cleared away the debris______?
a. already b. still c. yet
4. Our company needs someone with much more expertise, but they ______haven’t taken on a
civil engineer.
a. yet b. still c. already
5. The mechanic hasn’t finished_______
a. still b. always c. yet
6. The engineers have been working hard in this project, but I ______ haven't seen the result.
a. already b. yet c. still

INGLÉS I
7. They said they were not going to make changes, but so far they have ______ demolished two
buildings.
a. already b. still c. just
8. The doctor______ hasn’t given the authorization for surgery.
a. already b. just c. still
9. The resident hasn’t arrived _______
a. just b. still c. yet
10. The girl has been taking his medication, but I ______ haven't seen much progress!
a. still b. already c. just
SYNONYMS12
Complete the sentences using a word from the box below.
1. Mary’s family is very rich; I know her uncle is very ___________.
2. Look at all these new buildings, Paris is more__________ than I expected.
3. That movie was wonderful, indeed was_____________.
4. Ann’s bedroom is untidy, I told her yesterday that it was ________, but she didn’t listen.
5. –I am bored with this book. – I know, I’m really ________with it too.
PAST PERFECT TENSE
The Past Perfect is the past form of the Present Perfect; it describes a past event which
happened before another past event.
12
SOARS,John and Liz. Headway English Course. Oxford University Press 2000, p. 52.
fed up brilliant messy modern wealthy

INGLÉS I
FORM13
Complete the charts with the auxiliaries
FORM EXAMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE
He / She / It
I / You / We / They ________
She had been here before
They had already started before they arrived.
NEGATIVE
He / She / It
I / You / We / They ________
He hadn’t seen that movie before.
I hadn’t been to that restaurant.
QUESTION
________ He / She / It
I / You / We / They
Had he ever driven a truck?
1. He was sure that he had never ___________ this type of hauler.
a. had b. operated c. had showed
2. The engineer wanted to know what ______________ in the accident.
a. has happened b. had happened c. happened
3. He________ from the laboratory, before the supervisor arrived.
a. went b. had come back c. came back
4. After they __________the shellfish, they began to feel sick.
a. had eaten b. has eaten c. had been eaten
5. Sarah ________ in a reunion with the builders, before the engineer arrived.
a. has been b. had been c. gone
6. His baby had never ___________ such high temperature before.
a. had b. seen c. had showed
7. What ______________ to their friend was a mystery to me.
a. has happened b. had happened c. happened
8. My aunt ________ to another doctor to get a second opinion, before the surgery.
a. went b. had gone c. has gone
13
https://www.off2class.com/past-perfect-simple-free-resources/

INGLÉS I
CONNECTORS OF CONCLUSION
Complete the sentences with the correct connector
1. You didn’t clean your bedroom. _________________, you won’t go out with your friends.
2. _________________, you will be able to work in a few weeks.
3. _________________that we need more people for the project.
4. You will be in charge of the two companies. _________________, you are the son of the
owner, and you know the business very well.
5. There have been several mistakes in the report and your performance hasn’t been the best
these years, in _________________ you will have to leave the company for your own sake.
6. We have been working extra hours this week, and we are not going to receive a penny for
that, so I _________________ that we need another fellow to help us.
7. We had a severe drought. _________________, there will be water shortage in the next few
months.
8. I have to go to the bank, pay the bills, clean the house, and take the dog for a walk.
_________________, I have lots to do today.
9. I arrive _________________ we need to raise awareness about the environment.
10. _________________, the meeting was about the SWOT analysis.

INGLÉS I
APPENDIX
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle Present
Participle
Meaning
awake awoke awoken - despertar
be was, were been being Ser/estar
become became become becoming Llegar a ser
begin began begun beginning empezar
bite bit bitten biting morder
blow blew blown blowing soplar
break broke broken breaking romper
buy bought bought buying comprar
catch caught caught catching coger
come came come coming venir
cut cut cut cutting cortar
do did done doing hacer
dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt dreaming soñar
drive drove driven driving manejar
drink drank drunk drinking beber
eat ate eaten eating comer
fall fell fallen falling caer
feel felt felt feeling sentir
fight fought fought fighting luchar
find found found finding encontrar
fly flew flown flying volar

INGLÉS I
forget forgot forgotten forgetting olvidar
forgive forgave forgiven forgiving perdonar
freeze froze frozen freezing congelar
get got got / gotten getting conseguir
give gave given giving dar
go went gone going ir
have had had having tener
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt learning aprender
leave left left leaving salir
lend lent lent lending prestar
let let let letting permitir
make made made making hacer
put put put putting poner
read read read reading leer
ride rode ridden riding montar
ring rang rung ringing timbrar
run ran run running correr
say said said saying decir
see saw seen seeing ver
sell sold sold selling vender
send sent sent sending enviar
sing sang sung singing cantar
sit sat sat sitting sentarse
sleep slept slept sleeping dormir

INGLÉS I
speak spoke spoken speaking hablar
spend spent spent spending gastar
stand stood stood - pararse
swim swam swum swimming nadar
take took taken taking tomar
teach taught taught teaching enseñar
tell told told telling contar
think thought thought thinking pensar
wear wore worn wearing usar
win won won winning ganar
write wrote written writing escribir
ANSWER KEY
Unit 1
P 1
1.b
2.a
3.b
4.b
5.b
6.c
7.a
8.b
9.a
10.a
P 2
1.a
2.b
3.c
4.a
5.c
6.b
7.c
8.c
9.a
10.c
11.b
12.b
P 3
1.a
2.a
3.b
4.c
5.b
6.b
7.c
8.b
9.a
10.c
11.c
12.c
13.a
Unit 2
P 1
1.b
2.b
3.a
4.b
5.c
6.b
7.b
8.b
9.c
10.c
P 2
1.a
2.c
3.b
4.c
5.c
6.b
7.b
8.b
9.b
10.a
Unit 3
P 1
1.c
2.b
3.b
4.a
5.c
6.c
7.c
8.c
9.b
10.a
P 2
1.a
2.a
3.b
4.b
5.a
6.b
7.c
8.b
9.a
10.c
Unit 4
P 1
1.c
2.b
3.b
4.a
5.c
6.c
7.c
8.c
9.b
10.a
P 2
1.a
2.a
3.b
4.b
5.a
6.b
7.c
8.b
9.a
10.c
P 3
1.b
2.c
3.c
4.a
5.a
6.b
7.c
8.b
9.c
10.a
Unit 5
P 1
1.a
2.a
3.b
4.a
5.b
6.c
7.a
8.b
9.b
10.c
P 2
1.a
2.c
3.a
4.b
5.b
6.a
7.a
8.c
9.a
10.b
P 3
1.b
2.c
3.a
4.b
5.c
6.a
7.c
8.a
9.c
10.a
Unit 6
P 1
1.b
2.a
3.c
4.b
5.c
6.c
7.a
8.c
9.c
10.a
P 2
1.a
2.c
3.c
4.b
5.c
6.c
7.a
8.c
9.c
10.a
P 3
1.b
2.b
3.b
4.c
5.b
6.a
7.b
8.b

INGLÉS I
Referencias Bibliográficas
International Communication Agency, U. (1978). Rapid Reader. Washington DC: Directorate
for Educational and Cultural Affairs.
Promodou, Luke. Grammar and Vocabulary for FCE. England. 2002
Bonner, Margaret. Focus on Grammar. Longman. New York. 2000
http://www.gutenberg.org/
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org
http://www.myenglishpages.com/
http://www.ego4u.com/
http://www.grammarbank.com

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