1. The document discusses the role of information technology in primary health care. It outlines how IT can support electronic patient registration, expanded service delivery through teleconsultation and mobile apps for frontline workers, health promotion using online resources and apps, and logistics management and disease monitoring through digital systems. 2. IT is enabling real-time data collection, monitoring, and analysis in areas like immunization, tuberculosis treatment, and disease surveillance. Applications like electronic health records, telemedicine, and mHealth are improving access to care while reducing costs. 3. Challenges to adoption include lack of skills, infrastructure issues, and ensuring data security. Overall, the document presents how IT can help achieve the goals of primary

1. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Moderator: Dr. Kathirvel.S, Assistant Professor
Presenter: Dr. Jenefa Persis, Junior Resident

2. Primary Health Care
Alma Ata Declaration 1978
• ‘Essential health care made universally accessible, to individuals and acceptable
to them through their full participation at a cost the community and country
can afford’
• To achieve “Health for All “ by 2000

3. Principles of Primary Health Care
Principles
Equitable
distribution
Community
Participation
Intersectoral
coordination
Appropriate
Technology

4. Elements of Primary Health Care
PHC
Treatment
Maternal &
Child Health
Immunization
Health
Education
Nutrition Water &
Sanitation
Preventing
Endemic
Essential
Drugs

5. What has changed between 1978 & 2018
• Demographic transition
• Epidemiological transition
• Improved health literacy
• Advent of technologies
• Worsening social determinants of health
[Source: A vision for primary health care in the 21st century: towards universal health
coverage and the sustainable development goals. Geneva : WHO & UNICEF, 2018]

6. Astana Declaration on Primary Health Care
 Reaffirms the declaration of Alma Ata
 To build sustainable primary health care, with
components
 UHC and SDGs
[WHO: Astana Declaration on primary health care; 2018]

7. Success of PHC
 Knowledge and capacity building
 Human resources for health
 Technology - Information Technology , health technology
 Finance
[WHO: Astana Declaration on primary health care; 2018]

8. What is Information Technology?
IT is defined as the study, design, development, implementation, support or
management of computer-based information systems, particularly software
applications and computer hardware
It deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to
convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information, securely
[ITAA : Information Technology Association of America]

9. What is Information and Communication
Technology?
ICT refers to technologies that provide access to information through
telecommunications (eg, internet, wireless networks, mobile phones, messaging,
video conferencing, Voice over IP, Whats App, Facebook, Twitter)

10. Internet of Things (IoT)
IOT refers to a type of network to connect anything with the internet
through information sensing equipments to conduct information exchange and
communication
Eg: Wearable Blood Pressure, Heart Rate monitors , Fitbit electronic wristbands etc
[Vermesan O, 2014]

11. Digital Health
Digital health is a overarching term which includes eHealth and mHealth as well
as use of advanced computing sciences in the fields of big data and Artificial
intelligence
[WHO Digital technologies on Primary Health Care]

12. E Health
eHealth is the cost effective and secure use of Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) in support of health and health related fields,
including health care services, health surveillance, health literature and health
education, knowledge and research
[Global diffusion of eHealth: making universal health coverage achievable. Report of the
third global survey on eHealth. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016]

13. mHealth (Mobile Health)
mHealth is defined as the as the use of Mobile Phones, patient
monitoring devices , Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) and wireless devices for
medical and public health practice
[Global diffusion of eHealth: making universal health coverage achievable. Report of the
third global survey on eHealth. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016]

14. Big Data
Big Data is the Information asset characterized by such a High Volume,
Velocity and Variety which require Specific Technology and Analytical Methods for
its transformation into Value
[Mauro et al., 2016]

15. Artificial Intelligence
• AI is defined as “the study and design of intelligent agents” where an intelligent
agent is a system that perceive its environment and takes actions that maximize
its chances of success
[Swarup, 2012]

16. Adoption of IT in Indian healthcare systems
• National Health Policy 2002
‘Possibility of adoption of IT in health sector’
• Eleventh five year plan (2007-2012)
‘Establishing E - enabled HMIS, Telemedicine’
• National Health Policy 2017
NDHA to deploy digital health technology (e health, m health, internet )
EHR, Unique ID ,Creation of National Health Electronic Registries
Real time data collection using smart phone
Use of IT in PHC through Health and Wellness Center

17. Role of IT in Primary Health care
1. Electronic Patient Registration
2. Expanded service delivery
3. Teleconsultation
4. Health Promotion
5. Reporting & Monitoring
[GOI.MoHFW. AYUSHMAN BHARAT: Comprehensive Primary Health Care through Health and
Wellness Centers Operational Guidelines; 2018]

18. 1. Electronic Patient Registration

19. Electronic Health Records
• MoHFW notified EHR
standard for India at 2013
• By Unique Health ID linked
to AADHAAR
• Real time, patient centric
records
• Patient’s medical history,
diagnosis, treatment,
allergies, radiology images
and lab results

20. Electronic Health Records (Cont)
Accessible any time to
Pharmacies, Laboratories

21. Electronic Health Record
A Pilot study in a rural Primary Health Centre in India
[Radhakrishna K et al., 2014]
1.EHR
2. USB cards
3.SMS

22. My health record
 Citizen controlled
Personal Health Record
 Integrated with
AADHAAR and Digi Locker
 Save health data
 Accessible
 Better diagnosing
 Avoid repeated diagnostic
tests

23. 2. Expanded service delivery
using IT

24. Expanded service delivery using IT
Expanded
Service Delivery
Health
Programmes
Clinical
Decision
Support
Follow up
care
IT
applications
for Frontline
workers

25. Mother and Child Tracking System using IT
• Individual based
tracking
• Generates workplan for
ANM/ASHA
• Centralised monitoring

26. RNTCP (Revised National Tuberculosis Control
Programme) using IT
 Nikshay - Web portal
& Mobile App
 TB notification
 Real time data
 Electronic transfer of
incentives

27. RNTCP Programme (Cont)
Monitoring treatment
adherence
• 99 DOTS

28. RNTCP Programme (Cont)
Monitoring treatment
adherence
• MERM (Medication Event
Reminder Monitoring
System)

29. National AIDS control Programme using IT
SIMS
 Strategic Information
Management System
 Real time data entry
 Online data report &
analysis
PALS
 PPTCT ART Linkage
system
 Tracking of the HIV
positive pregnant women
 Monitoring

30. IT IN NACO (Cont…)
IMS – Inventory Management System
 Strengthen Supply Chain Management System of NACO
 Online procurement of drugs & consumables
 Drug dispensation to PLHA patients

31. IT Applications for frontline workers
ANM online (ANMOL)
 Mobile tablet application for
RMNCH
 Enter and update the service
records
 Due list
 Offline data entry
 Job Aids

32. IT Applications for frontline workers (Cont)
ICDS CAS for AWW
• ICT enabled Real Time Monitoring
• Household management
• Daily Feeding
• Home visit scheduler
• Automated growth chart generation
• Due list
• Take home ration
• AWC management
• MPR list

33. Follow up care through IT
• Automatically creates Due list for follow up
 ANMOL
 99 DOTS
MERM system

34. Follow up care through IT (Cont)
NCD patients in Rural
health post, Kheri
Smart Health Platform
NCD patients registered
Mobile phone no
Automatically generate
due list
Automated SMS to
patients on the day

35. Decision Support System
• Diagnostic support
• Has standard treatment protocol
and diagnostic workup
• Avoid medication errors
• Compueterized alerts food and
drug allergies

36. 3. Teleconsultation

37. Telemedicine
 Easier access to specialist care
 Real time
 Store & forward –
Teleradiology,Teledermatology
Teleophthalmology,Telecardiology
 Real time Monitoring
ISRO – Nationwide Telemedicine –
384 hospital connected to 306
remote hospitals
[Source:https://www.nhp.gov.in/telemedici
ne_pg]

38. 4. Health Promotion using IT

39. National Health Portal
To create awareness
among citizens
Provide authenticated
health information
Six languages (Hindi,
English, Tamil, Gujarati,
Bengali & Punjabi)

40. National Health Helpline
• Speech enabled IVR
system provide
authentic health
information
• Toll free number
1800 180 1104

41. Swasth Bharat Mobile App
Authenticate health
information on healthy
lifestyle
 disease conditions (A-Z)
 symptoms
 treatment options
 first aid
 Public health alerts

42. Health Directory Services Mobile App
• Nearest Hospital
information as per
current geographical
location
• Search for Hospital /
Blood bank by District,
City or Facility name

43. Mera Aspataal (Patient Feedback) Application
• IT based feed back system
• On patient’s level of satisfaction
• Via SMS,
• Outbound Dialing
• Web Portal
• Mobile App
• Empower citizens to participate
in health care service delivery

44. Mobile Technology for Tobacco Cessation
• Support to quit by constant
text messaging on mobile
phones
• Missed call
011 22901701

45. M Diabetes
• Promote healthy diets
• Promote active
lifestyle
• Enhance health care
seeking and early
diagnosis
• Promote adherence to
drug or dietary control,
self-care

46. Vaccine Tracker (Indradhanush Immunization)
Mobile App
• Mobile application
• Helps in immunization
tracking
• Date of Birth – Vaccination
Schedule
• Vaccination alerts

47. Kilkari Mobile Service
• IVR based mobile service
• Weekly
• Time-appropriate 72 audio
messages
• Toll free number
180030171803

48. 4. Logistics Management using
IT

49. Logistics
Management
using IT
 E Aushadhi
 Web based supply chain
management system
 Online procurement of
drugs
 Monitoring over drug
distribution

50. Logistics Management using IT
E VIN (Electronic Vaccine
Intelligence Network )
 Digitizing vaccine stocks
 Tracking real-time temperature
information of the cold chain
equipment across all the
vaccine storage cold chain
points in the country.
 Implemented in 21 states

51. Logistics Management using IT
 FP – LMIS
 Digitization of stock
registers
 Online Indents
 Autogenerated reports

52. 5.Reporting & Monitoring using
IT

53. Disease surveillance using IT
IDSP (Integrated Disease Surveillance
Project)
• Weekly surveillance system
• Speedy data reporting
• Rapid communication in outbreak

54. Integrated Health Information Platform
• Integration all surveillance systems
• NVBDCP, NLEP, NACP, RNTCP, AMR Surveillance, NPCDCS
Dept of Animal Husbandry Dairying &Fisheries
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
• Real time data entry , GIS graphical representation of data

55. Centralised monitoring of service provision
HMIS Web Portal
• Real time data monitoring
• Improving data availability and quality
• Analysis

56. Advantages of IT
• Improve quality of healthcare
• Reduce medical errors
• Reduce health care cost
• Increase administrative efficiency

57. Limitations of IT
• Want of skills
• Hardware and network issues
• Data security

58. Thank You
Have a nice day . . .