50 clues * Spanish GRAMMAR                                                                  General Index



1 *    NOUNS substantives:- gender ..............…………………………………                                                   1

2 *    “                 “           :- singular & plural ......... ………………………...                                 5

3 *    “                 “           :- countables & uncountables ............................                   6

4 *    GENITIVO - nominativo – vocativo – acusativo – dativo – ablativo ......                                   7

5 *    DEFINITE Articles:- singular & plural .................................................                   8

6 *    INDEFINITE Articles:- singular & plural ……………………….............                                           10

7 *    ADJECTIVES:– indefinites – possessives – demonstratives ………….                                            11

8 *         “                CALIFICATIVOS: comparatives y superlatives …………                                    12

9 *    CAPITAL letters ......................................................................................   130

10 *   Adjectives numerals:- CARDINALS .......................................................                   15

11 *        “                “          ORDINALS .......................................................        18

12 *   QUANTIFIERS .......................................................................................       19

13 *   PRONOUNS PERSONALS ................................................................                       20

14 *    “                        POSESIVOS ………………………………………………                                                    21

15 *    “ INTERROGATIVES:- ¿who – what – which – where – when? ……                                                22

16 *   VERBS defectives:- HAY – Había – Habrá – Habría .........................                                 25

17 *   VERBS auxiliaries:-               SER – ESTAR – HABER ................................                    39

18 *   INFINITIVE:-                    uses & functions ..............................................           28

19 *   PARTICIPLE:-                   uses & functions ..............................................            29

20 *   GERUND:-                       uses & functions ..............................................             30

21 *   GERUND:-                       Irregulars............................................................      31

22 *   PRESENT simple of Mode Indicative ……………………………………                                                          38

23 *   AUXILIAR verbs ..................................................................................          39

24 *   “PAST simple”:- REGULAR verbs .....................................................                       40

25 *   “PAST simple”:- IRREGULAR verbs ..................................................                        64
50 clues * Spanish GRAMMAR                                                                General Index



26 *   FUTURE simple ...................................................................................     41

27 *   CONDITIONAL simple ..........................................................................         42

28 *   IMPERATIVE ........................................................................................   43

29 *   SUBJUNCTIVE .....................................................................................     44

30 *   PERFECT tenses – Present & Past ..................................................                    49

31 *   “Esquema SINÓPTICO del verbo auxiliar “HABER” ............................                            36

32 *   SYNOPSIS of Modes & Tenses” of the auxiliary “To HAVE”..............                                  37

33 *   CONJUGATION of “ser – estar – tener – ir” & “to BE & to GO” ...... 33 - 52

34 *   REFLEXIVE verbs ...............................................................................       59

35 *   MODAL verbs:- can - could/ may - might/ will - would/ shall – should...                               61

36 *   NEGATIVE sentences .........................................................................          61

37 *   ELIDED forms .....................................................................................    109

38 *   INTERROGATIVE sentences ……………………………………………                                                             62

39 *   SHORT ANSWERS ...........................................................................             62

40 *   CONTINUOUS forms of the verbs ……………………………………..                                                        63

41 *   CONDITIONAL sentences – Type “zero – first – second – third” .....                                    75

42 *   REPORTED speach:- Uses & Grammatical rules ..........................                                 76

43*    VOICE PASIVE & “direct complement” as unique AGENT …………                                               79

44 *   ADVERBS:- time – place – doubt – MANNER & FRECUENCY.......                                            81

45 *   PREPOSITIONS:- place – movement – time ....................................                           84

46 *   CONJUNCTIONS conjunctives – disjunctives – conditionals ............                                  88

47 *   SYNTAX – Object Pronouns:- direct – indirect – circumstantial .........                               89

48 *   SCHEME of English Grammar ..........................................................                  92

49 *   “ESQUEMA de la Gramática Española” ............................................                       93

50 *   Special DIFFICULTIES for ENGLISH speaking people ................                                     94
I )       VERBOS:-            Tener (in Spanish)                   To be (in English) ………..                94

II )      HACER = to MAKE & to DO ……………………………………………………………………………                                             94

III )     To SAVE = SALVAR o AHORRAR ............................................................           95

IV )     A BOOK = un libro / To BOOK = reservar ……………………………………………………                                        96

V)        ADJETIVOS (CLEAR) & VERBOS (TO CLEAR) …………………………………………                                            97

VI )      To HAVE = tomar / To MAKE = tomar – dar ………………………………………………                                        97

VII )     To TELL & To COUNT= contar ……………………………………………………………………..                                           97

VIII )     SUSTANTIVOS & VERBOS: an ADVICE & TO ADVISE ………………………                                            98

IX)        WEATHER & TIME / WEATHER & WHETHER & WETHER …………………                                             98


X )        Likes & Dislikes …………………………………………………………………………                                                   98

XI )       SKY & HEAVEN – TIME & HOUR – CANDLE & SAIL ………………………………                                          98

XII)       SUSTANTIVOS en plural & 3ª persona singular PRESENTE Indicat. ...                                99

XIII )     ADJETIVOS: TALL & HIGH & LOUD ...........................................................       99

XIV )       SOLO & SÓLO // TÚ & TU // ÉL & EL ..........................................................   99

XV )         “RIGHT” como SUSTANTIVO – ADJETIVO – ADVERBIO ………………….                                        100

XVI )       To TELL & To SAY ……………………………………………………………………………………….                                            100

XVII )       TO USE & TO BE USED to & TO GET USED …………………………………………                                         100

XVIII )       TO HAVE & TO HAVE TO …………………………………………………………………………                                            101

XIX )        TO MUST & TO HAVE TO ………………………………………………………………………..                                            102

XX )         TO CAN …………………………………………………………………………………………………………                                               102

XXI )        TO CAN & TO MAY ………………………………………………………………………………                                                102


XXII )        TO GO: Presente de indicativo & Presente continuo ...........                                103

XXIII )       TO MUST & TO OWE ………………………………………………………………………………                                              104

XXIV )        TO LET & TO ALLOW & TO ENABLE …………………………………………………                                            105

XXV )         To LIE = mentir / To LIE = yacer / To LAY = instalar ………………………                               106
XXVI )       Expressions: So DO I / Neither DO I / Me TOO …………………………                                                 107

XXVII )      “Question TAGS” ………………………………………………………………………………………                                                       108

XXVIII )     “Elided English forms” ………………………………………………………………………………                                                  109

XXIX )       SCIENCE & SCIENTIST & SCIENTIFIC ……………………………………………                                                     110

XXX )         TIME & HOUR …………………………………………………………………………………………                                                         111

XXXI )       SUSTANTIVOS derivados de ADJETIVOS & VERBOS .....................                                       111

XXXII )      ORDEN cronológico de los ADJETIVOS ………………………………………………                                                   112

XXXIII )     ONE & ONES ………………………………………………………………………………………………                                                         113

XXXIV )      ADJETIVOS terminados en “ED” & ”ING” .............................................                      114

XXXV )      ADJETIVOS COMPUESTOS ……………………………………………………………………                                                         115

XXXVI )     ADJETIVOS en grado EXTREMO y ADVERBIOS de GRADO …………                                                    115

XXXVII )    LIKE & AS ………………………………………………………………………………………………                                                          116

XXXVIII )    JUST & ALREADY & STILL & YET ………………………………………………………                                                     117

XXXIX )     ALSO & TOO …………………………………………………………………………………………….                                                         118

XL )         “LINKERS” …………………………………………………………………………………………………                                                        119

XLI )       “COGNADOS” ……………………………………………………………………………………………                                                          119

XLII )      “FALSE FRIENDS” …………………………………………………………………………………                                                         119

XLIII )     EXPRESIONES ADMIRATIVAS …………………………………………………………                                                          120

XLIV )      “TIME expressions” ..................................................................................   120

XLV )       “PHRASAL & PREPOSITIONAL VERBS” …………………………………………                                                        121

XLVI )      PREPOSICIONES dentro de la FRASE ...................................................                    122

XLVII)       PREFIJOS …………………………………………………………………………………………………                                                         123

XLVIII )     SUFIJOS …………………………………………………..................................................                          125

XLIX)       “SECUENCING WORDS” ………………………………………………………………………...                                                       128
L )   Miscellaneous – ODDS & ENDS ……………………………………………   128

Indice general (4 páginas)

  • 1.
    50 clues *Spanish GRAMMAR General Index 1 * NOUNS substantives:- gender ..............………………………………… 1 2 * “ “ :- singular & plural ......... ………………………... 5 3 * “ “ :- countables & uncountables ............................ 6 4 * GENITIVO - nominativo – vocativo – acusativo – dativo – ablativo ...... 7 5 * DEFINITE Articles:- singular & plural ................................................. 8 6 * INDEFINITE Articles:- singular & plural ………………………............. 10 7 * ADJECTIVES:– indefinites – possessives – demonstratives …………. 11 8 * “ CALIFICATIVOS: comparatives y superlatives ………… 12 9 * CAPITAL letters ...................................................................................... 130 10 * Adjectives numerals:- CARDINALS ....................................................... 15 11 * “ “ ORDINALS ....................................................... 18 12 * QUANTIFIERS ....................................................................................... 19 13 * PRONOUNS PERSONALS ................................................................ 20 14 * “ POSESIVOS ……………………………………………… 21 15 * “ INTERROGATIVES:- ¿who – what – which – where – when? …… 22 16 * VERBS defectives:- HAY – Había – Habrá – Habría ......................... 25 17 * VERBS auxiliaries:- SER – ESTAR – HABER ................................ 39 18 * INFINITIVE:- uses & functions .............................................. 28 19 * PARTICIPLE:- uses & functions .............................................. 29 20 * GERUND:- uses & functions .............................................. 30 21 * GERUND:- Irregulars............................................................ 31 22 * PRESENT simple of Mode Indicative …………………………………… 38 23 * AUXILIAR verbs .................................................................................. 39 24 * “PAST simple”:- REGULAR verbs ..................................................... 40 25 * “PAST simple”:- IRREGULAR verbs .................................................. 64
  • 2.
    50 clues *Spanish GRAMMAR General Index 26 * FUTURE simple ................................................................................... 41 27 * CONDITIONAL simple .......................................................................... 42 28 * IMPERATIVE ........................................................................................ 43 29 * SUBJUNCTIVE ..................................................................................... 44 30 * PERFECT tenses – Present & Past .................................................. 49 31 * “Esquema SINÓPTICO del verbo auxiliar “HABER” ............................ 36 32 * SYNOPSIS of Modes & Tenses” of the auxiliary “To HAVE”.............. 37 33 * CONJUGATION of “ser – estar – tener – ir” & “to BE & to GO” ...... 33 - 52 34 * REFLEXIVE verbs ............................................................................... 59 35 * MODAL verbs:- can - could/ may - might/ will - would/ shall – should... 61 36 * NEGATIVE sentences ......................................................................... 61 37 * ELIDED forms ..................................................................................... 109 38 * INTERROGATIVE sentences …………………………………………… 62 39 * SHORT ANSWERS ........................................................................... 62 40 * CONTINUOUS forms of the verbs …………………………………….. 63 41 * CONDITIONAL sentences – Type “zero – first – second – third” ..... 75 42 * REPORTED speach:- Uses & Grammatical rules .......................... 76 43* VOICE PASIVE & “direct complement” as unique AGENT ………… 79 44 * ADVERBS:- time – place – doubt – MANNER & FRECUENCY....... 81 45 * PREPOSITIONS:- place – movement – time .................................... 84 46 * CONJUNCTIONS conjunctives – disjunctives – conditionals ............ 88 47 * SYNTAX – Object Pronouns:- direct – indirect – circumstantial ......... 89 48 * SCHEME of English Grammar .......................................................... 92 49 * “ESQUEMA de la Gramática Española” ............................................ 93 50 * Special DIFFICULTIES for ENGLISH speaking people ................ 94
  • 3.
    I ) VERBOS:- Tener (in Spanish)  To be (in English) ……….. 94 II ) HACER = to MAKE & to DO …………………………………………………………………………… 94 III ) To SAVE = SALVAR o AHORRAR ............................................................ 95 IV ) A BOOK = un libro / To BOOK = reservar …………………………………………………… 96 V) ADJETIVOS (CLEAR) & VERBOS (TO CLEAR) ………………………………………… 97 VI ) To HAVE = tomar / To MAKE = tomar – dar ……………………………………………… 97 VII ) To TELL & To COUNT= contar …………………………………………………………………….. 97 VIII ) SUSTANTIVOS & VERBOS: an ADVICE & TO ADVISE ……………………… 98 IX) WEATHER & TIME / WEATHER & WHETHER & WETHER ………………… 98 X ) Likes & Dislikes ………………………………………………………………………… 98 XI ) SKY & HEAVEN – TIME & HOUR – CANDLE & SAIL ……………………………… 98 XII) SUSTANTIVOS en plural & 3ª persona singular PRESENTE Indicat. ... 99 XIII ) ADJETIVOS: TALL & HIGH & LOUD ........................................................... 99 XIV ) SOLO & SÓLO // TÚ & TU // ÉL & EL .......................................................... 99 XV ) “RIGHT” como SUSTANTIVO – ADJETIVO – ADVERBIO …………………. 100 XVI ) To TELL & To SAY ………………………………………………………………………………………. 100 XVII ) TO USE & TO BE USED to & TO GET USED ………………………………………… 100 XVIII ) TO HAVE & TO HAVE TO ………………………………………………………………………… 101 XIX ) TO MUST & TO HAVE TO ……………………………………………………………………….. 102 XX ) TO CAN ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 102 XXI ) TO CAN & TO MAY ……………………………………………………………………………… 102 XXII ) TO GO: Presente de indicativo & Presente continuo ........... 103 XXIII ) TO MUST & TO OWE ……………………………………………………………………………… 104 XXIV ) TO LET & TO ALLOW & TO ENABLE ………………………………………………… 105 XXV ) To LIE = mentir / To LIE = yacer / To LAY = instalar ……………………… 106
  • 4.
    XXVI ) Expressions: So DO I / Neither DO I / Me TOO ………………………… 107 XXVII ) “Question TAGS” ……………………………………………………………………………………… 108 XXVIII ) “Elided English forms” ……………………………………………………………………………… 109 XXIX ) SCIENCE & SCIENTIST & SCIENTIFIC …………………………………………… 110 XXX ) TIME & HOUR ………………………………………………………………………………………… 111 XXXI ) SUSTANTIVOS derivados de ADJETIVOS & VERBOS ..................... 111 XXXII ) ORDEN cronológico de los ADJETIVOS ……………………………………………… 112 XXXIII ) ONE & ONES ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 113 XXXIV ) ADJETIVOS terminados en “ED” & ”ING” ............................................. 114 XXXV ) ADJETIVOS COMPUESTOS …………………………………………………………………… 115 XXXVI ) ADJETIVOS en grado EXTREMO y ADVERBIOS de GRADO ………… 115 XXXVII ) LIKE & AS ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 116 XXXVIII ) JUST & ALREADY & STILL & YET ……………………………………………………… 117 XXXIX ) ALSO & TOO ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 118 XL ) “LINKERS” ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 119 XLI ) “COGNADOS” …………………………………………………………………………………………… 119 XLII ) “FALSE FRIENDS” ………………………………………………………………………………… 119 XLIII ) EXPRESIONES ADMIRATIVAS ………………………………………………………… 120 XLIV ) “TIME expressions” .................................................................................. 120 XLV ) “PHRASAL & PREPOSITIONAL VERBS” ………………………………………… 121 XLVI ) PREPOSICIONES dentro de la FRASE ................................................... 122 XLVII) PREFIJOS ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 123 XLVIII ) SUFIJOS ………………………………………………….................................................. 125 XLIX) “SECUENCING WORDS” ………………………………………………………………………... 128
  • 5.
    L ) Miscellaneous – ODDS & ENDS …………………………………………… 128