India has an installed solar PV capacity of 2.5GW as of 2014 and aims to install 20GW of solar power capacity by 2022. The National Solar Mission aims to promote sustainable growth and energy security through solar energy. Solar PV is nearing price parity with diesel generation in some applications in India and has a compelling case due to rising costs of other energy sources. However, the historical cost of solar energy production in India was much higher than other sources.

1. India has been ranked 7th worldwide for
solar photovoltaic (PV) cell production.
India – 2010-2022
As of May 2014, India has an installed PV capacity
of 2.5GW. India's power sector has a total installed
capacity of approximately 146.753 Gigawatt (GW).
NATIONAL SOLAR MISSION

2. • The Indian National Solar Mission is an
initiative of the Government to promote
ecologically sustainable growth while addressing
India’s energy security challenge.
• It will constitute a contribution by India to the effort
to meet the challenges of climate change.
• This is one part of National Action Plan on
Climate Change that was officially inaugurated in
2010.

4. In India, in certain applications such as urban rooftop PV,
especially at the higher end of the consumption spectrum,
solar PV is already very close to parity.
Power from diesel generation costs the consumer Rs. 12 to
Rs. 15 per kWh, and contains a built-in subsidy component.
In India, the energy price of gas and imported-coal based
thermal power are also on a rapidly rising curve, without
factoring in environmental costs.
So the case for solar PV is very compelling in a host of
applications ranging from urban situations to telecom and
captive generation

5. INDIA TO INSTALL 20GW OF SOLAR POWER
GENERATION CAPACITY BY 2022.
 National Solar Mission (NSM) has laid down a road
map (dream) for achieving a target for
 off grid solar energy applications, reaching 2GW by
2022;
 20 million square meters solar thermal collector
area; and
 deploying 20 million solar lighting systems for rural
areas by 2022. Implementation of the NSM can
vastly benefit module suppliers, solar PV/ solar
thermal-based independent power producers (IPPs),
and system integrators.

7. SOLAR ENERGY CORPORATION
OF INDIA
 Company incorporated in 2011 for implementing National
Solar Mission objectives.
 T
o plan and execute an integrated programme on solar
energy technologies to achieve commercially.
 Implementation of Grid Connected Solar Roof-Top
scheme
 Development and dissemination of solar home
lighting systems / solar lanterns
 Solar Thermal installations for water/air heating
 Solar Mini/Micro Grids/street lights etc.
 R&D Projects

8.  • Off grid PV installations are suitable for Indian conditions.
 • Presently, capacity is limited to 100 kW under MNRE
program.
 • 250 MWp sanctioned by the Ministry under NSM and nearly
60 MW commissioned
 • Mini and micro grid systems for rural areas are under initial
stages of development.
 • Roof top installations are picking up.
 • Off grid PV system costs have become attractive in India
(Rs.100-150/ Wp)

9. SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC
ELECTRICITY
Indian Perspective-2010

10. What is / was the
disadvantage of solar P V
System?
The cost of production of electricity, range was
Rs 15 to Rs 20 per unit for the solar energy till
recently, which is very high when compared to,
Rs 2 to Rs 5 per unit for other conventional
sources in India.
ADVANTAGES OF PHOTOVOLTAIC
ELECTRICITY
Decentralized Generation
Environmental benefit

12. PV systems
• are easily transportable and Installable.
• can be used to generate electricity where it will
be used,
• even at locations the electric grid doesn’t
reach.
• PV is also modular, so installations can be
scaled to the appropriate size for a given use

13. SMALL AS WELL AS MEDIUM SCALE
 PV’s scalability allows it to be used for both large-
scale power plants and to
 power handheld calculators, and it distinguishes PV
from fossil fuel based power.
 PV can be installed on buildings, parking lots and
other developed areas without interfering
with human activities.

14. Solar energy be integrated into every part of
Indian life—
• the homes we live in,
• the offices where we work,
• the farms and factories that produce the
products we buy, and
• the schools where our children learn.
• With creativity and sound public policy, solar
energy contributes to India’s energy future.

15.  SOLAR RADIATION
 An intermittent perennial diffuse source of energy

19. The Thar
Desert in
India is also
a promising
location for a
solar energy.

21. INDIA: Insolation: kWh per Sq-
mt per day & Salinity> 1500
mg/l

22. An example of a complete set of beam
normal insolation data for a given location is
shown in Figure

23. SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY OF SOLAR
CELLS & MODULES
Types of silicon solar cells
(Mono- crystalline, multi- crystalline, and Amorphous, Thin
film)
Energy efficiency

24. IN SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS, SUNLIGHT IS CONVERTED
INTO ELECTRICITY USING A DEVICE CALLED SOLAR CELL
 A solar cell is a
semiconducting device
made up of silicon or
other materials, which
when exposed to sunlight,
generates electricity.

25. MAGNITUDE OF THE CURRENT
GENERATED DEPENDS ON

28. CAPACITIES OF
SPV
MODULES
 SPV modules of various capacities are available, and
are being used for a variety of applications. Theoretically,
a PV module of any capacity (voltage and current) rating
can be fabricated.
 However, the standard capacities available in the
country range from 5 Wp to 120 Wp.
 The voltage output of a PV module depends on the
number of solar cells connected in series inside the
module.

31. ENERGY
EFFICIENCY
 A solar cell's energy conversion efficiency (η,"eta"),
is the percentage of power converted
(from absorbed light to electrical energy) and
collected, when a solar cell is connected to an
electrical circuit.
o This term is calculated using
the ratio of Pm, divided by the input light
irradiance under "standard" test conditions (E,
in W/m2) and the surface area of the solar
cell (Ac in m²).

33. STANDARD CURRENT-VOLTAGE (I-V) CURVE
 The I-V Curve is an important technical aspect of a solar
module, the basis for understanding all PV array design.
It represents the possible values of output current (I) and
voltage (V) that a solar module can deliver under specific
environmental conditions.

34. STANDARD CURRENT-VOLTAGE (I-V) CURVE

35. READING THE I-V CURVE
 If the module is outputting to a 12-volt battery, you can
determine the watts output to the battery from the graph.
Read up from 12 volts to the IV curve and then over to
the
Amperes scale to find that the current output
would be about 5.9 amps. Since power (in
watts) equals voltage times current, this
means that the module would be outputting
into the battery at a rate of about 71 watts.

46. SOLAR ELECTRIC GENERATING PLANT
 The largest solar
electric generating
plant in the world
produces a maximum
of 354 megawatts
(MW) of electricity and
is located at Kramer
Junction, California. It
produces electricity for
the grid supplying the
greater Los Angeles
area.

47. The implementation of the
three-phase plan for solar PV
capacity expansion began in
the year 2010, with the Indian
Government spending
approximately US$20 billion
over a 30 year period.