This document discusses the key points of Indian indigenous economics compared to Western economic models like capitalism and communism. It provides an overview of the Indian and US economies, including GDP, inflation rates, and foreign reserves. It then contrasts Western economic thoughts like capitalism and consumerism with Bharatiya/Indian concepts. Some of the strengths of the Indian economic model highlighted include demographic dividend, family values, social capital, and sustainable thinking. Gold accumulation by Indian families is also discussed. Charts on household debt, savings rates, and historical world GDP shares are included.
Kutumb Family indian economy unique strengths 2015Varadraj Bapat
Family and culture are major strengths of Indian Economy. Indian Economy has unique features like high savings, high share of small scale sector, role of gold .
Pest factors effecting international business17791
This document provides an overview of international business between India, the United States, and Canada. It discusses the key features of international business and provides background information on the economies and trade relationships between the three countries. Specifically, it outlines India's trade relationships with the US and Canada, including details on bilateral trade volumes and some major export/import sectors. It also examines sociocultural factors and comparisons between India, US, and Canada that influence business operations.
This document discusses challenges facing the US education system and proposes solutions focused on implementing best practices. It notes declining test scores and graduation rates in the US compared to other nations. Lack of professional standards for teachers, outdated teaching methods, and income inequality are identified as contributing factors. The document argues for research-based curriculum, data-driven instruction, and preparing teachers through rigorous training as ways to improve student outcomes and ensure all children receive a quality education.
This document summarizes India's development puzzle of sustained economic growth alleviating too little poverty. While GDP per capita doubled from 1997 to 2011 and poverty declined, over half the population remains multidimensionally poor with significant inequalities. A governance deficit exacerbates social exclusion and failure to effectively deliver public services, especially for marginalized groups. International donors can help by empowering citizens, giving voice to the poor, promoting transparency and accountability tools, and improving government's capacity and responsiveness to deliver quality services.
The document discusses various global trends and their implications for India. It notes increases in inequality, political instability, and nationalism worldwide alongside issues in health, education, and the environment. The document also outlines opportunities for India from its large youth population and the rise of online business, and recommends India focus on nurturing its large base of the population and taking advantage of lower oil and commodity prices.
Dynamics of Migration and Role of Remittance for Sustainable Development in S...Asif Nawaz
The current human mobility in the world is higher than ever before in the modern history. Almost all of the approximately 200 nations in the world are either countries of origin, or destination for the migrants. As per the data of United Nations’ Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), the overall number of international migrants reached 244 million in 2015. This constitutes 3.3 % of world population, in other words, one out of every 30 persons in the world is currently a migrant who lives out of his/her home country. However, the South Asian countries have the biggest share in the global migration activity. According to the United Nations Population Division, till 2015 this region has exported 37 million emigrants around the world which is 15.11% of the overall number of international migrants. Among these South Asian countries, there are five major South Asia labor-sending nations which deploy on average over 2.5 million migrants as the data of last five years shows. Due to this influx of workers, the region also has emerged as the largest receiver of remittances. Worldwide, an estimated 582 billion U.S. dollars was sent by migrants to relatives in their home countries in 2015. Out of it, 118 billion received by this region from its emigrants around the world, which accounts 20.25% of global remittance. So, this region is increasingly becoming a remittance economy, and over last decade, it has been continuously on rise.
This paper studies dynamics of expatriation and the role of remittance sent to the South Asian countries, mainly to India which has the biggest number of migrant workers in the all corners of the globe, that gives a handsome amount of remittance as a source of funds for economic development. despite its huge potential to contribute to economic growth, India has not yet fully maximized benefits from remittances. Furthermore, the study also discusses how and why India’s share of migrant labors is on a downfall trend since 2014. This study strives to discover the causes of this decline in India’s share of employment in the Gulf. Alongside this, the study also explored how and why foreign employers (FEs) in the Gulf were compelled not to hire workers from India but from Pakistan and Bangladesh in last two years. In the end, the study suggests how the serious situation has surfaced on the fate of Indian migrant workers, and tries to fetch the government’s attention to take cognizance of this issue and act swiftly to resolve it for avoiding further downfall of Indian workers in oil-rich Gulf nations.
As India rapidly emerges into a major market for global businesses, most firms need to explore the Indian business landscape to tap the growing market or to seek resources. We develop India market Entry strategy for Global Clients to help them enter the Indian market by leveraging our extensive knowledge of the Indian business environment. Our Market entry strategies set out the possible challenges and the mitigation of these obstacles.
1) The document discusses the history of currency in India from ancient times to modern times. It describes the evolution of currency from commodity money like gold and silver in ancient texts to early coinage systems in places like Indus Valley civilization and Mahajanapadas.
2) Paper currency was first developed in China in the form of flying money during the Tang dynasty. Later, the earliest banknotes emerged in Europe issued by the Swedish central bank in 1661.
3) In India, the rupee originated from the silver coin rupyaka and was the standard currency during Mughal rule. After British East India company took over administration, the coinage system evolved further with rupees and mohurs
Kutumb Family indian economy unique strengths 2015Varadraj Bapat
Family and culture are major strengths of Indian Economy. Indian Economy has unique features like high savings, high share of small scale sector, role of gold .
Pest factors effecting international business17791
This document provides an overview of international business between India, the United States, and Canada. It discusses the key features of international business and provides background information on the economies and trade relationships between the three countries. Specifically, it outlines India's trade relationships with the US and Canada, including details on bilateral trade volumes and some major export/import sectors. It also examines sociocultural factors and comparisons between India, US, and Canada that influence business operations.
This document discusses challenges facing the US education system and proposes solutions focused on implementing best practices. It notes declining test scores and graduation rates in the US compared to other nations. Lack of professional standards for teachers, outdated teaching methods, and income inequality are identified as contributing factors. The document argues for research-based curriculum, data-driven instruction, and preparing teachers through rigorous training as ways to improve student outcomes and ensure all children receive a quality education.
This document summarizes India's development puzzle of sustained economic growth alleviating too little poverty. While GDP per capita doubled from 1997 to 2011 and poverty declined, over half the population remains multidimensionally poor with significant inequalities. A governance deficit exacerbates social exclusion and failure to effectively deliver public services, especially for marginalized groups. International donors can help by empowering citizens, giving voice to the poor, promoting transparency and accountability tools, and improving government's capacity and responsiveness to deliver quality services.
The document discusses various global trends and their implications for India. It notes increases in inequality, political instability, and nationalism worldwide alongside issues in health, education, and the environment. The document also outlines opportunities for India from its large youth population and the rise of online business, and recommends India focus on nurturing its large base of the population and taking advantage of lower oil and commodity prices.
Dynamics of Migration and Role of Remittance for Sustainable Development in S...Asif Nawaz
The current human mobility in the world is higher than ever before in the modern history. Almost all of the approximately 200 nations in the world are either countries of origin, or destination for the migrants. As per the data of United Nations’ Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), the overall number of international migrants reached 244 million in 2015. This constitutes 3.3 % of world population, in other words, one out of every 30 persons in the world is currently a migrant who lives out of his/her home country. However, the South Asian countries have the biggest share in the global migration activity. According to the United Nations Population Division, till 2015 this region has exported 37 million emigrants around the world which is 15.11% of the overall number of international migrants. Among these South Asian countries, there are five major South Asia labor-sending nations which deploy on average over 2.5 million migrants as the data of last five years shows. Due to this influx of workers, the region also has emerged as the largest receiver of remittances. Worldwide, an estimated 582 billion U.S. dollars was sent by migrants to relatives in their home countries in 2015. Out of it, 118 billion received by this region from its emigrants around the world, which accounts 20.25% of global remittance. So, this region is increasingly becoming a remittance economy, and over last decade, it has been continuously on rise.
This paper studies dynamics of expatriation and the role of remittance sent to the South Asian countries, mainly to India which has the biggest number of migrant workers in the all corners of the globe, that gives a handsome amount of remittance as a source of funds for economic development. despite its huge potential to contribute to economic growth, India has not yet fully maximized benefits from remittances. Furthermore, the study also discusses how and why India’s share of migrant labors is on a downfall trend since 2014. This study strives to discover the causes of this decline in India’s share of employment in the Gulf. Alongside this, the study also explored how and why foreign employers (FEs) in the Gulf were compelled not to hire workers from India but from Pakistan and Bangladesh in last two years. In the end, the study suggests how the serious situation has surfaced on the fate of Indian migrant workers, and tries to fetch the government’s attention to take cognizance of this issue and act swiftly to resolve it for avoiding further downfall of Indian workers in oil-rich Gulf nations.
As India rapidly emerges into a major market for global businesses, most firms need to explore the Indian business landscape to tap the growing market or to seek resources. We develop India market Entry strategy for Global Clients to help them enter the Indian market by leveraging our extensive knowledge of the Indian business environment. Our Market entry strategies set out the possible challenges and the mitigation of these obstacles.
1) The document discusses the history of currency in India from ancient times to modern times. It describes the evolution of currency from commodity money like gold and silver in ancient texts to early coinage systems in places like Indus Valley civilization and Mahajanapadas.
2) Paper currency was first developed in China in the form of flying money during the Tang dynasty. Later, the earliest banknotes emerged in Europe issued by the Swedish central bank in 1661.
3) In India, the rupee originated from the silver coin rupyaka and was the standard currency during Mughal rule. After British East India company took over administration, the coinage system evolved further with rupees and mohurs
This document provides an introduction to the changing retail landscape and shopping habits of consumers in Kerala, India. It discusses the growth of organized retail chains, shopping malls, and multi-brand outlets in the state. Malls like Lulu Mall, the largest in India, are attracting large footfalls of consumers and transforming shopping from a necessity to a leisure activity. Established retailers are expanding their presence both in malls and standalone stores to cater to consumers seeking different shopping experiences. The increasing competition is also driving retail format innovations in Kerala.
Packaged Drinking Water with PET Bottles - Market Survey cum Detailed Techno...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Water is the necessity of our daily life, it’s so important for us that we need clean, safe and sanitary water every day, and usually there’s a more strict inspection standard in the more advanced country.
Potable spring waters containing, sulphur iron, magnesium and other mineral salts occurring in certain regions are claimed to be beneficial to human metabolism. The therapitic value of such waters is questionable carbonated mineral waters also contain lithium salts.
There are two kinds of drinking water in the market. One is the natural water, which is called mineral water. The other is processed water coming from underground or from the pipe of water plant, which is called R.O. water, space water or pure water.
Tags
Business guidance for mineral water industry, Business guidance for packaged drinking water project, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business plan on packaged drinking water, Business start-up, Distilled water, Filter water, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to start a bottled water company business plan, How to Start a Mineral water Business, How to Start a mineral water plant?, How to start a successful packaged drinking water business, How to start mineral water business, How to start packaged drinking water business, How to Start Packaged drinking water Industry in India, Mineral water Based Profitable Projects, Mineral Water Bottle industry, Mineral water bottling plant project cost, Mineral water Industry in India, Mineral Water Plant Business Plan, Mineral Water Plant Profitable Business for Entrepreneurs, Mineral Water Plant Project Report, Mineral water plant, Mineral Water Project Information, Mineral water project report free download, Mineral water project report, Mini mineral water plant project report, Most Profitable packaged drinking water Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Mineral water industry, Packaged drinking water and mineral water business, Packaged drinking water Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Packaged drinking water business plan, Packaged drinking water Business, Packaged drinking water pet bottle plant, Packaged drinking water plant layout, Packaged Drinking Water Plant Project Report, Packaged drinking water Projects, Packaged drinking water Small Business, Packaged drinking water/ mineral water, Packed Drinking Water, PET Bottles, Planning to start packaged drinking mineral water business, Profitable Small Scale mineral water business, project for startups, Project identification and selection, Project profile on packaged drinking water, Projects on Water Industry, Safe water, Setting up and opening your mineral water Business, Small mineral water plant project report, Small scale Commercial packaged drinking water making, Small scale mineral water plant project report, Small scale mineral water production line, Small Scale Mineral Water Treatment Plant in India, Small Scale packaged drinking water Projects,
Effect of online advertisement on consumer behaviourRaja Noman
This document outlines a research study that examines the impact of online advertisements on consumer behavior. It presents the objectives to study consumer attitudes, perceptions, and responses. The theoretical framework shows the relationship between online advertisements and consumer behavior. The hypotheses are that online advertisements affect consumer behavior (H0) or do not affect it (H1). The research design is descriptive and causal using a sample of 300 students from RWP universities, of which 56 responded. Results found a strong relationship between online advertisements and consumer behavior, so the study accepts H0 that online advertisements affect consumer behavior.
Economic role of government in Indian BusinessGeorge V James
The document discusses the economic role of the Indian government in business. It outlines several key roles: regulator, promoter, entrepreneur, and planner. It also discusses factors that influence the government's role like the economy's development stage. Additionally, it examines issues the government aims to address like poverty, unemployment, and infrastructure development through various policies and programs. The government strives to balance economic growth with social welfare objectives.
FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR WHILE SHOPPING AT SHOPPING MALLSGirish Kumar
This document provides an introduction to a study on factors affecting consumer behavior while shopping at shopping malls. It includes a brief history of shopping malls from their origins in ancient bazaars to modern developments. It also discusses the growth of shopping malls in India and changing consumer behavior towards shopping malls in India, noting that malls now provide a one-stop destination for shopping, entertainment, leisure and dining. The document outlines the table of contents which includes sections on literature review, research methodology, industry profile, findings and analysis, and recommendations.
A study on impact of Online Advertising on consumer buying behaviour for mobi...Roshan Shanbhag
This document discusses a study on the impact of online advertising on consumer buying behavior for mobile phones. It begins with an acknowledgement and introduction sections. The objectives are to identify factors affecting online purchase behavior and study consumer attitudes, perceptions, and factors considered when buying mobile phones online. A literature review covers advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. The methodology section describes an exploratory research design using an online questionnaire with 100 respondents. Data analysis of the responses is also provided.
Research Report On Consumer Buying Behavior In Shopping Mallpugs_rockon
This document summarizes research on consumer buying behavior in shopping malls. It discusses the need to study buying behavior to understand how consumers respond to marketing strategies. It also provides background on the growth of shopping malls in India. The research examined factors like consumer types, expenditure, frequency of visits, and satisfaction with mall services. It found that while consumers like the convenience of malls, some had negative experiences regarding safety standards, after-sales service, and long checkout queues. The objective was to conduct a comparative study of consumer behavior in retail malls.
This presentation is just designed in public interest and also to make the term DEMONETIZATION lucid to understand. Dont forget to hit like button before you proceed to download. And stay tuned to my channel so that I can serve you better by providing you ppt on current topics............
This document is a project report for developing an online clothes shopping system. It includes sections on the project description, requirements analysis, tools used, software development lifecycle, system design, testing, implementation, maintenance, future scope, and conclusion. The project aims to build a web application that allows customers to browse, select, and purchase clothes online through registering on the site and interacting with the admin module to manage the clothing products and information.
The document summarizes the potential economic consequences of India's demonetization of 500 and 1000 rupee notes in November 2016. It is expected to reduce black money in the parallel economy by blocking cash holdings. In the short run, money supply and demand may decrease until new notes circulate, potentially lowering prices of goods purchased with cash like real estate. Various sectors relying on cash, like agriculture and small businesses, may face short-term disruptions. However, alternative payment methods and the formal economy are expected to strengthen in the long run.
History of Currency : Ancient Coinage, paper, Indian Rupee
Evolution Coins, to paper to Bank Money
Financial Inclusion
Reforms - Adhar cards,Jan Dhan Yojana, GST
Benefits of GST
Why demonetisation is needed?
Suggested by Dr. Ambedkar
Benefits - Unearthing Black Money, Revenue to Govt., Shift to Bank Money
welcomed globally.
Short-term pains
DEMONETISATION IN INDIA AND ITS IMPACT SREEKESH VP
On 8 November 2016, the Government of India announced the demonetisation of all ₹500 (US$7.40) and ₹1,000 (US$15) banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series.[2] The government claimed that the action would curtail the shadow economy and crack down on the use of illicit and counterfeit cash to fund illegal activity and terrorism
Key Note Address delivered at "National Seminar on Demonetisation" organised by SNGIMS, Coimbatore on Feb 20, 2017. The address focused on how the recent demonetisation in India is a turnkey step in the right direction, which has to be supported by a whole ecosystem of preventive & punitive strategies with 'transaction transparency aided by the digitisation' as the central theme to achieve its desired objectives.
The document discusses standards and guidelines for architectural design of shopping malls. It provides details on column spacing, store depths, clear heights, parking requirements, shop sizes and layouts, circulation areas, exits and staircases. Standards for showcases, shelving, aisle widths, and mechanical systems are also outlined. Shopping malls should allow 5-6 parking spaces per 1000 square feet and exits should be within a travel distance of 30 meters. Staircases and corridors require minimum widths and heights to facilitate safe evacuation.
This document discusses the strengths of the Indian economy. It notes that India is experiencing a demographic dividend due to its large working age population as a result of declining fertility and mortality rates. This demographic shift reduces the dependency ratio and increases the size of the productive workforce, presenting an opportunity to stimulate economic growth. The document also provides statistics on India's GDP in nominal and PPP terms, GDP growth rates, inflation rates, public debt as a percentage of GDP, budget deficit, foreign exchange reserves and credit ratings. It thus summarizes key indicators and highlights India's demographic dividend as a major economic strength.
1 western vs. bharatiya economic model 2.9.2016Varadraj Bapat
The document discusses Western vs. Bharatiya (Indian) economic thoughts. It provides an overview of capitalism and communism/Marxism, comparing their origins and key aspects. Capitalism began in 1770, while communism is based on Marx and Engels' analysis of eliminating exploitation and achieving equality. However, communism in practice led to tyranny, killings, famine and poverty in countries like the USSR and China. The document also examines concepts like consumerism and how families and societies have been impacted in Western countries. It notes India still benefits from strong saving rates and a demographic dividend due to its young population.
Economics104-Introduction of MicroeconomicsSayemAbdullah5
Economics deals with how scarce resources are allocated. It studies individual, business, government and societal choices given constraints. Microeconomics examines choices and their effects at a small level while macroeconomics looks at aggregate outcomes. The document outlines key microeconomic questions about what is produced, how it's produced and who gets it based on incomes. It also discusses macroeconomic questions around standards of living, costs of living and economic fluctuations. Throughout, it emphasizes economic concepts like incentives, tradeoffs and opportunity costs.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities in China, highlighting China's rapid economic growth and rising household wealth and consumption. It includes statistics on China's GDP growth outpacing the US, as well as projections showing China's total wealth surpassing the US by 2028. Graphs depict growth in key consumer categories and market indexes in China. Tables list the top growing Chinese companies by sector, and identify stocks that are among the "cheapest" based on price-to-earnings ratios. The document concludes by encouraging the reader to learn more about hand-picked investment opportunities by reading the CEO's book.
The poverty that is blessed is one by which a person realizes it is mercy that saves — both the mercy he receives and the mercy he bestows, not riches. The poverty that is blessed means one is detached from what one may have given to the poor and to those in greater need causes no qualms or discomfiture. Rather than taking a risk on volatile get rich quick schemes, Samay said the wealthy take a slow and steady approach to investing, and they focus on diversification. She recommended investing across several asset classes to gradually build wealth. Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. However, poverty is more, much more than just not having enough money. The World Bank Organization describes poverty in this way “Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Dr. Shivananda S Kempaller "Poverty in India: A Sociological Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49731.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/49731/poverty-in-india-a-sociological-study/dr-shivananda-s-kempaller
This document summarizes a presentation on myths, realities and money related to long term infrastructure management. It examines societal myths that impact infrastructure, such as beliefs that countries like the US and Canada are declining. However, data from indices on development, prosperity and competitiveness show these countries remain among the best in the world. The realities of managing infrastructure over its lifecycle, including service levels, growth, risk and lifecycle costs are discussed. The impact of money and difficulties funding the over $1 trillion per year estimated global infrastructure gap are also covered.
This document provides an introduction to the changing retail landscape and shopping habits of consumers in Kerala, India. It discusses the growth of organized retail chains, shopping malls, and multi-brand outlets in the state. Malls like Lulu Mall, the largest in India, are attracting large footfalls of consumers and transforming shopping from a necessity to a leisure activity. Established retailers are expanding their presence both in malls and standalone stores to cater to consumers seeking different shopping experiences. The increasing competition is also driving retail format innovations in Kerala.
Packaged Drinking Water with PET Bottles - Market Survey cum Detailed Techno...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Water is the necessity of our daily life, it’s so important for us that we need clean, safe and sanitary water every day, and usually there’s a more strict inspection standard in the more advanced country.
Potable spring waters containing, sulphur iron, magnesium and other mineral salts occurring in certain regions are claimed to be beneficial to human metabolism. The therapitic value of such waters is questionable carbonated mineral waters also contain lithium salts.
There are two kinds of drinking water in the market. One is the natural water, which is called mineral water. The other is processed water coming from underground or from the pipe of water plant, which is called R.O. water, space water or pure water.
Tags
Business guidance for mineral water industry, Business guidance for packaged drinking water project, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business plan on packaged drinking water, Business start-up, Distilled water, Filter water, Great Opportunity for Startup, How to start a bottled water company business plan, How to Start a Mineral water Business, How to Start a mineral water plant?, How to start a successful packaged drinking water business, How to start mineral water business, How to start packaged drinking water business, How to Start Packaged drinking water Industry in India, Mineral water Based Profitable Projects, Mineral Water Bottle industry, Mineral water bottling plant project cost, Mineral water Industry in India, Mineral Water Plant Business Plan, Mineral Water Plant Profitable Business for Entrepreneurs, Mineral Water Plant Project Report, Mineral water plant, Mineral Water Project Information, Mineral water project report free download, Mineral water project report, Mini mineral water plant project report, Most Profitable packaged drinking water Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Mineral water industry, Packaged drinking water and mineral water business, Packaged drinking water Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Packaged drinking water business plan, Packaged drinking water Business, Packaged drinking water pet bottle plant, Packaged drinking water plant layout, Packaged Drinking Water Plant Project Report, Packaged drinking water Projects, Packaged drinking water Small Business, Packaged drinking water/ mineral water, Packed Drinking Water, PET Bottles, Planning to start packaged drinking mineral water business, Profitable Small Scale mineral water business, project for startups, Project identification and selection, Project profile on packaged drinking water, Projects on Water Industry, Safe water, Setting up and opening your mineral water Business, Small mineral water plant project report, Small scale Commercial packaged drinking water making, Small scale mineral water plant project report, Small scale mineral water production line, Small Scale Mineral Water Treatment Plant in India, Small Scale packaged drinking water Projects,
Effect of online advertisement on consumer behaviourRaja Noman
This document outlines a research study that examines the impact of online advertisements on consumer behavior. It presents the objectives to study consumer attitudes, perceptions, and responses. The theoretical framework shows the relationship between online advertisements and consumer behavior. The hypotheses are that online advertisements affect consumer behavior (H0) or do not affect it (H1). The research design is descriptive and causal using a sample of 300 students from RWP universities, of which 56 responded. Results found a strong relationship between online advertisements and consumer behavior, so the study accepts H0 that online advertisements affect consumer behavior.
Economic role of government in Indian BusinessGeorge V James
The document discusses the economic role of the Indian government in business. It outlines several key roles: regulator, promoter, entrepreneur, and planner. It also discusses factors that influence the government's role like the economy's development stage. Additionally, it examines issues the government aims to address like poverty, unemployment, and infrastructure development through various policies and programs. The government strives to balance economic growth with social welfare objectives.
FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR WHILE SHOPPING AT SHOPPING MALLSGirish Kumar
This document provides an introduction to a study on factors affecting consumer behavior while shopping at shopping malls. It includes a brief history of shopping malls from their origins in ancient bazaars to modern developments. It also discusses the growth of shopping malls in India and changing consumer behavior towards shopping malls in India, noting that malls now provide a one-stop destination for shopping, entertainment, leisure and dining. The document outlines the table of contents which includes sections on literature review, research methodology, industry profile, findings and analysis, and recommendations.
A study on impact of Online Advertising on consumer buying behaviour for mobi...Roshan Shanbhag
This document discusses a study on the impact of online advertising on consumer buying behavior for mobile phones. It begins with an acknowledgement and introduction sections. The objectives are to identify factors affecting online purchase behavior and study consumer attitudes, perceptions, and factors considered when buying mobile phones online. A literature review covers advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. The methodology section describes an exploratory research design using an online questionnaire with 100 respondents. Data analysis of the responses is also provided.
Research Report On Consumer Buying Behavior In Shopping Mallpugs_rockon
This document summarizes research on consumer buying behavior in shopping malls. It discusses the need to study buying behavior to understand how consumers respond to marketing strategies. It also provides background on the growth of shopping malls in India. The research examined factors like consumer types, expenditure, frequency of visits, and satisfaction with mall services. It found that while consumers like the convenience of malls, some had negative experiences regarding safety standards, after-sales service, and long checkout queues. The objective was to conduct a comparative study of consumer behavior in retail malls.
This presentation is just designed in public interest and also to make the term DEMONETIZATION lucid to understand. Dont forget to hit like button before you proceed to download. And stay tuned to my channel so that I can serve you better by providing you ppt on current topics............
This document is a project report for developing an online clothes shopping system. It includes sections on the project description, requirements analysis, tools used, software development lifecycle, system design, testing, implementation, maintenance, future scope, and conclusion. The project aims to build a web application that allows customers to browse, select, and purchase clothes online through registering on the site and interacting with the admin module to manage the clothing products and information.
The document summarizes the potential economic consequences of India's demonetization of 500 and 1000 rupee notes in November 2016. It is expected to reduce black money in the parallel economy by blocking cash holdings. In the short run, money supply and demand may decrease until new notes circulate, potentially lowering prices of goods purchased with cash like real estate. Various sectors relying on cash, like agriculture and small businesses, may face short-term disruptions. However, alternative payment methods and the formal economy are expected to strengthen in the long run.
History of Currency : Ancient Coinage, paper, Indian Rupee
Evolution Coins, to paper to Bank Money
Financial Inclusion
Reforms - Adhar cards,Jan Dhan Yojana, GST
Benefits of GST
Why demonetisation is needed?
Suggested by Dr. Ambedkar
Benefits - Unearthing Black Money, Revenue to Govt., Shift to Bank Money
welcomed globally.
Short-term pains
DEMONETISATION IN INDIA AND ITS IMPACT SREEKESH VP
On 8 November 2016, the Government of India announced the demonetisation of all ₹500 (US$7.40) and ₹1,000 (US$15) banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series.[2] The government claimed that the action would curtail the shadow economy and crack down on the use of illicit and counterfeit cash to fund illegal activity and terrorism
Key Note Address delivered at "National Seminar on Demonetisation" organised by SNGIMS, Coimbatore on Feb 20, 2017. The address focused on how the recent demonetisation in India is a turnkey step in the right direction, which has to be supported by a whole ecosystem of preventive & punitive strategies with 'transaction transparency aided by the digitisation' as the central theme to achieve its desired objectives.
The document discusses standards and guidelines for architectural design of shopping malls. It provides details on column spacing, store depths, clear heights, parking requirements, shop sizes and layouts, circulation areas, exits and staircases. Standards for showcases, shelving, aisle widths, and mechanical systems are also outlined. Shopping malls should allow 5-6 parking spaces per 1000 square feet and exits should be within a travel distance of 30 meters. Staircases and corridors require minimum widths and heights to facilitate safe evacuation.
This document discusses the strengths of the Indian economy. It notes that India is experiencing a demographic dividend due to its large working age population as a result of declining fertility and mortality rates. This demographic shift reduces the dependency ratio and increases the size of the productive workforce, presenting an opportunity to stimulate economic growth. The document also provides statistics on India's GDP in nominal and PPP terms, GDP growth rates, inflation rates, public debt as a percentage of GDP, budget deficit, foreign exchange reserves and credit ratings. It thus summarizes key indicators and highlights India's demographic dividend as a major economic strength.
1 western vs. bharatiya economic model 2.9.2016Varadraj Bapat
The document discusses Western vs. Bharatiya (Indian) economic thoughts. It provides an overview of capitalism and communism/Marxism, comparing their origins and key aspects. Capitalism began in 1770, while communism is based on Marx and Engels' analysis of eliminating exploitation and achieving equality. However, communism in practice led to tyranny, killings, famine and poverty in countries like the USSR and China. The document also examines concepts like consumerism and how families and societies have been impacted in Western countries. It notes India still benefits from strong saving rates and a demographic dividend due to its young population.
Economics104-Introduction of MicroeconomicsSayemAbdullah5
Economics deals with how scarce resources are allocated. It studies individual, business, government and societal choices given constraints. Microeconomics examines choices and their effects at a small level while macroeconomics looks at aggregate outcomes. The document outlines key microeconomic questions about what is produced, how it's produced and who gets it based on incomes. It also discusses macroeconomic questions around standards of living, costs of living and economic fluctuations. Throughout, it emphasizes economic concepts like incentives, tradeoffs and opportunity costs.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities in China, highlighting China's rapid economic growth and rising household wealth and consumption. It includes statistics on China's GDP growth outpacing the US, as well as projections showing China's total wealth surpassing the US by 2028. Graphs depict growth in key consumer categories and market indexes in China. Tables list the top growing Chinese companies by sector, and identify stocks that are among the "cheapest" based on price-to-earnings ratios. The document concludes by encouraging the reader to learn more about hand-picked investment opportunities by reading the CEO's book.
The poverty that is blessed is one by which a person realizes it is mercy that saves — both the mercy he receives and the mercy he bestows, not riches. The poverty that is blessed means one is detached from what one may have given to the poor and to those in greater need causes no qualms or discomfiture. Rather than taking a risk on volatile get rich quick schemes, Samay said the wealthy take a slow and steady approach to investing, and they focus on diversification. She recommended investing across several asset classes to gradually build wealth. Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. However, poverty is more, much more than just not having enough money. The World Bank Organization describes poverty in this way “Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Dr. Shivananda S Kempaller "Poverty in India: A Sociological Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49731.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/49731/poverty-in-india-a-sociological-study/dr-shivananda-s-kempaller
This document summarizes a presentation on myths, realities and money related to long term infrastructure management. It examines societal myths that impact infrastructure, such as beliefs that countries like the US and Canada are declining. However, data from indices on development, prosperity and competitiveness show these countries remain among the best in the world. The realities of managing infrastructure over its lifecycle, including service levels, growth, risk and lifecycle costs are discussed. The impact of money and difficulties funding the over $1 trillion per year estimated global infrastructure gap are also covered.
Jason Inch presented on China's sustainability supertrend and the top five opportunities it presents over the next five years. The supertrend is driven by innovation, clean energy, and sustainable development, accelerated by China's reverse globalization, leapfrogging, and determination. The five biggest opportunities are: 1) capitalizing on Chinese health and sustainability microtrends, 2) facilitating China's outward investment, 3) innovating green products in China, 4) growing with the solar energy market, and 5) assisting China's efforts to save energy and reduce pollution. Inch argues this supertrend will benefit businesses, investors, and professionals aligned with China's sustainability priorities.
The document discusses India's past, present, and future economic growth and development. It notes that India has experienced over 25 years of high GDP growth, averaging around 6-8% annually. This growth has reduced poverty and increased literacy and per capita incomes. India is now the 4th largest economy and will become the 3rd largest, overtaking Japan, by 2014. However, challenges remain around improving governance, education, and reducing social inequalities. The future outlook remains positive, with India projected to continue strong growth and become a global economic powerhouse in the 21st century through rising domestic consumption.
The document discusses India's economic growth and future prospects. It notes that India has experienced strong GDP growth averaging around 6-8% for the past 25 years, reducing poverty and growing the middle class. However, challenges remain around governance and improving institutions. If these issues can be addressed while maintaining political and economic stability, India is well-positioned for continued growth that could see it become one of the largest economies by mid-century.
Here are some key points about the Lesotho Highlands Water Project:
1. It is a multi-phase project to capture and divert water from the Orange River system in the highlands of Lesotho to supply South Africa's industrial heartland.
2. Short term advantages include increased water supply for South Africa. Disadvantages include the costs of construction and environmental impacts of dams/tunnels.
3. Long term it ensures a sustainable water supply for South Africa but displaces Basotho communities. Environmental impacts may intensify over time.
4. Alternatives for South Africa include water conservation/efficiency, reducing consumption, increasing reuse of greywater, and addressing inequality in access which would reduce overall demand. Desal
How do you know what your future market will look like? How can your business model adapt? And how can it help your business? Explore these questions using Horizons, a practical tool to help identify and think through the big environmental and social trends and issues.
Why india is hot, hot, hot - the development of the digital ecosystem - India...Peter Kabel
India is developing to one of the most dynamic digital ecosystems. Already today numbers are impressive - and it is just the beginning. Smart phones and e-commerce are among the driving forces.
BRICS is an association of five major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The document compares various economic and social metrics between India and China as the two largest members of BRICS. It finds that China exceeds India in military spending, nuclear weapons, female labor participation, literacy rates, Olympic medals, watch imports, and life expectancy. However, India has a higher population growth rate and more democratic political system. Overall, the document analyzes where India and China differ economically and socially as the two giants of the BRICS alliance.
This power points is a brief snapshot of the United States economy. It is an infographic attempt on showcasing the variables and causes towards party lobbying and motivation towards policy and decision making. Where will we be at election 2020?
Going Global: U.S. Domestic Bias vs. The WorldCallan
How does the average U.S. pension plan’s domestic bias stack up against that of other developed countries? Taking a look at how investments really break out may surprise you. Flip the page to see more detailed discussions of the evolution in global equity markets and emerging markets as well as global population trends. We also highlight seven key aspects of non-U.S. investing that you may want to consider when assessing your asset allocation strategy.
This report has been produced using market research gathered by The Nielsen Company. This has given the Credit Suisse Research Institute the ability to conduct a consistent multiregion survey while also incorporating questions specific to the countries
surveyed in the report.
The survey summarizes the views of nearly 16,000 consumers across 9 emerging markets. It finds that overall, more consumers view now as a bad time to make major purchases than good. However, there are differences between countries. India has seen improvements while China, South Africa and Russia have declined. Brazil in particular stands out, with a sharp drop in optimism on personal finances reaching its lowest level. Inflation expectations are also elevated in Russia. Looking at multiple factors, India ranks highest on the survey's emerging consumer scorecard, while South Africa ranks lowest. The survey cautions that income expectations have not always matched real income growth.
The document discusses rural development and poverty alleviation in India, outlining key concepts related to rural economy, development indicators, theories of development, and issues related to development and poverty in global and Indian contexts. It also provides details on planning, funding, and implementation of potential poverty alleviation programs and schemes in rural India.
This document provides an overview of Brazil's economy and recent developments. It discusses Brazil's GDP growth averaging over 3% annually from 2003-2009. Inflation has remained low and stable since the Real Plan in the mid-1990s. Brazil has the 7th largest GDP by PPP and experienced a smooth transition to democracy in the 1980s. The current political environment remains stable with President Dilma Rousseff recently elected.
Similar to Indian indigeneous economics lokmanthan 2016 (20)
The income statement discloses the financial performance of an entity over an accounting period. It measures the net income generated by measuring revenues earned and expenses incurred. The income statement includes elements such as income, expenses, gross profit, and net profit. It can be presented in short format showing key line items or in a detailed format as prescribed by accounting standards.
The document summarizes Ambedkar's critique of Marxism by comparing the philosophies of Buddha and Karl Marx. It notes that Buddha established communism within the Sangh (monastic order) without dictatorship, through changing people's minds and dispositions via teachings, rather than force. In contrast, the means of Communism emphasized by Marx were violence and dictatorship of the proletariat. While Communism aims for equality, it risks sacrificing fraternity and liberty, which are also needed. Ambedkar argues Buddha's approach of changing minds voluntarily may be better able to achieve equality along with fraternity and liberty.
Dr. BhimRao Ambedkar's speeches are replete with stimulating economic thoughts. He is probably the first thinker to analyse ancient Indian commerce and economic dimensions of social maladies in India.
Pl see his economic views in this downloadable PPT
Dr, Ambedkar has written very good thesis on Ancient Indian Commerce.
Bharat had very well developed Agriculture, manufacturing, trade and services since ancient time.
1. The document discusses the concept of self-management according to Indian philosophy. It explains that self refers to one's total personality including character, behavior, and attitude rather than just the external appearance.
2. It describes that self-management can be achieved by improving behavioral traits like communication skills, relationships, and restoring ethics. This involves cultivating a healthy mind and body.
3. A healthy body requires discipline in nutrition, hygiene, exercise and yoga. A healthy mind is free from stress and can be achieved through preventing accumulation of complexes and observing oneself non-reactively.
History of Currency : Ancient Coinage, paper, Indian Rupee
Evolution Coins, to paper to Bank Money
Financial Inclusion
Reforms - Adhar cards,Jan Dhan Yojana, GST
Benefits of GST
Why demonetisation is needed?
Suggested by Dr. Ambedkar
Benefits - Unearthing Black Money, Revenue to Govt., Shift to Bank Money
welcomed globally.
Going Cash-Less
Lets learn and Teach Digital Cash
The document discusses the concept of sustainable development including its origins and implications. It begins by defining sustainability and tracing the key historical developments in conceptualizing sustainable development, from the 1972 Stockholm Conference to more recent climate agreements. It then outlines some initiatives in the sustainable development arena and ways of measuring sustainability through indicators. Finally, it discusses the relationship between development and ecology, highlighting perspectives from Hindu traditions that emphasize living in harmony with nature.
Cost Volume Profit (CVP).
Introduction
Fixed costs
Variable costs
Semi variable costs
Contribution margin
Break even point
PV Ratio
BEP ANalysis.
break even point
Cost-volume-Profit.
Introduction to cost managerial accountingVaradraj Bapat
This document provides an introduction to cost accounting concepts from an expert at the Indian Institute of Technology Mumbai. It defines key cost accounting terms like direct costs, indirect costs, fixed costs, variable costs, and period costs. It also outlines different ways to classify costs such as by element, function, variability, and relevance. The objectives of cost accounting are explained as ascertaining costs, cost control and reduction, and assisting management with decision making.
Introduction /Concepts of GST
Existing & Proposed Tax Structure in India
Model/Components of GST
Benefits under GST
Applicability & Rate in GST Regime
Impact of GST
GST Set off Chain & its methodology
Functioning of GST
Others Areas of GST
Key Amendments in Bill
Sector Wise Impacts
Flaws of the GST Model
Conclusion.
Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man.”
- Swami Vivekananda
Indigenous Education.
Our goal should be making education for all free of cost.
Commercialization of Education.
Government Funding.
Corporate Funding.
Funding from Society.
Good Governance and Transparency in Education.
Education Loan.
Technology Enabled Learning (TEL).
Bridging Social Gaps.
Learning with earning.
WE want the Education by which character is formed, strength of mind is increased, the intellect is expanded, an by which one can stand on one's own feet.
corporate goverance Gobal models.
There are 4 Models.
ANGLO-US Model.
Japanese German model.
China Model.
Indian Model.
Salient ideas and thoughts on principals of governance as revealed by our ancient scriptures.
Basic values of Indian principals of governance.
India is not a story from Rags to Riches.
Strengths of India
The magic mantra of ‘Demographic Dividend’
The Integral Approach .
Domestic Consumption drives growth.
All about dr.ambedkar .
summary of thesis book of amedkar.
Ancient Indian Commerce.
National Dividend of India-A Historic and Analytical Study
"The Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India",
"The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution".
Administration and Finance of the East India Company
SMALL HOLDINGS IN INDIA AND THEIR REMEDIES.
"States and Minorities"
"Buddha or Karl Marx“.
COMMERCIAL RELATIONS OF INDIA IN THE MIDDLE AGES OR
THE RISE OF ISLAM AND THE EXPANSION OF WESTERN EUROPE
world economic history.
India is not a story from Rags to Riches.
Dr. Ambedkar considered both Capitalism भांडवलशाही and Communism मार्क्सवाद as incomplete models.
Post 1990
Communism lost completly
Capitalism got converted into Consumerism.
In india, we should stop cpying failed Western models (Both Communism and Capitalism).
we need a model based on Indian ethos.
The document discusses the concept of self from the perspective of Indian philosophy. It explains that according to this view, the self has three aspects - a physical body composed of the five elements, an energy body governed by prana or life force, and a mind that processes thoughts, emotions and feelings. Developing all three aspects through practices like yoga, pranayama and meditation is important for cultivating a healthy self.
Personality development according to punchakosh 2016Varadraj Bapat
Personality development according to punchakosh
there are five types of koshas
Anamay kosh, Pranamay kosh, Manomay kosh, Vignayanmay kosh, Aanandamay kosh.
Ekatm manav darshan mulbhut chintan as in integral humanism. This is about basics principals, explained in Hindi. Concept put forth by Deen Dayal Upadhyay ji.
Rashtra, Dharma, Arth, Punch mahabhut.
ekatma manav darshan ke margadash sutra
vaykti, samaj, akatma.
sukh,taayg,sayamit jeevan.
vavyavhar,vikas.
Environment.
Golbal needs like pollution, poverty, unemployment, Self alienation.
Ma 1.2 fundamentals of managerial accountingVaradraj Bapat
This document provides an overview of fundamental concepts in managerial accounting, including the money measurement concept, double entry and single entry systems, forms of business organization (sole proprietorship, partnership, company, cooperative society), and stakeholders. Key points covered include how only monetary transactions are recorded, the advantages and disadvantages of double versus single entry systems, characteristics of different organizational structures, and how different stakeholder groups utilize financial statements.
Ma 1.1 fundamentals of managerial accounting2Varadraj Bapat
This document provides an introduction to the module "Managerial Accounting" taught by Dr. Varadraj Bapat. It outlines the learning objectives of understanding accounting, managerial accounting, and financial statements. It emphasizes that while specialization is important, understanding accounting and finance becomes more necessary at higher levels of management. It differentiates the three streams of accounting and explains the relationship between financial accounting, cost accounting, and management accounting.
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit RatingsShaheen Kumar
CRISIL evaluates lenders in India by analyzing financial performance, loan portfolio quality, risk management practices, capital adequacy, market position, and adherence to regulatory requirements. This comprehensive assessment ensures a thorough evaluation of creditworthiness and financial strength. Each criterion is meticulously examined to provide credible and reliable ratings.
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
[4:55 p.m.] Bryan Oates
OJPs are becoming a critical resource for policy-makers and researchers who study the labour market. LMIC continues to work with Vicinity Jobs’ data on OJPs, which can be explored in our Canadian Job Trends Dashboard. Valuable insights have been gained through our analysis of OJP data, including LMIC research lead
Suzanne Spiteri’s recent report on improving the quality and accessibility of job postings to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Decoding job postings: Improving accessibility for neurodivergent job seekers
Improving the quality and accessibility of job postings is one way to reduce employment barriers for neurodivergent people.
Solution Manual For Financial Accounting, 8th Canadian Edition 2024, by Libby...Donc Test
Solution Manual For Financial Accounting, 8th Canadian Edition 2024, by Libby, Hodge, Verified Chapters 1 - 13, Complete Newest Version Solution Manual For Financial Accounting, 8th Canadian Edition by Libby, Hodge, Verified Chapters 1 - 13, Complete Newest Version Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Chapters Download Stuvia Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Solution Manual For Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Chapters Download Stuvia Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Financial Accounting 8th Canadian Edition Pdf Download Stuvia
STREETONOMICS: Exploring the Uncharted Territories of Informal Markets throug...sameer shah
Delve into the world of STREETONOMICS, where a team of 7 enthusiasts embarks on a journey to understand unorganized markets. By engaging with a coffee street vendor and crafting questionnaires, this project uncovers valuable insights into consumer behavior and market dynamics in informal settings."
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.
2. Elemental Economics - Mineral demand.pdfNeal Brewster
After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
1. Indian Indigenous Economics
Indian Economic Model
Lokmanthan 2016
Dr. Varadraj Bapat
Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai
varadraj@som.iitb.ac.in
9892413119
2. Dr. Varadraj Bapat
CA., CWA., M.Com., DISA, PhD.
School of Management
Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai
Teaching Interests: Financial Accounting,
Management Accounting, Indian Economy
Research Interests: Financial Accounting, Financial
Inclusion, Corporate Finance
Others: Yoga, Spirituality, Sanskrut, Bharatiya
Sanskriti, ABVP
3. 3
• Indian Economy – GDP
• $2.25 trillion (Nominal, 7th; Apr 2016)
• $8.72 trillion (PPP, Apr 2016)
• GDP growth
• 3.986% (2012–13)
• 7.6% (2015-16)[4]
13. Marxism
• Marx and Engels
studied the
history of the
world’s
economies
Basic
Communism
Feudalism
Capitalism
Communism
!!!!
Socialism
•They
believed they
discovered
an inevitable
pattern
16. USSR
• USSR stands for:
Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics.
• The USSR was
formed in December
1922.
• USSR a.k.a. Russia.
• The USSR is a
Communist party.
25. 25
• Capitalism भाांडवलशाही
• Consumerism अनिर्बंध उपभोग
• Bush urged the U.S. public to go shopping
and take vacations (2001 -9/11)
• (http://consortiumnews.com/2011/09/11/chronicling-americas-911-descent/)
31. 31
Family Destroyed - Marriage
In US, More than 50 % of children born to under 30
women are out of wedlock
- Marriage is Luxury Good
http://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/for-younger-
mothers-out-of-wedlock-births-are-the-new-normal/
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/us/for-women-under-30-
most-births-occur-outside-marriage.html?pagewanted=all
32. 32
Family Destroyed - Marriage
In US, More than 50 % of children born to under 30
women are out of wedlock
- Marriage is Luxury Good
http://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/for-younger-
mothers-out-of-wedlock-births-are-the-new-normal/
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/us/for-women-under-30-
most-births-occur-outside-marriage.html?pagewanted=all
34. 34
Family Destroyed - Marriage
A million children growing up without fathers in UK
In UK there are more households with TV’s than
fathers
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-22820829 (9 June
2013)
35. Marriage or divorce in US or
Europe
Year Households with children less than 18
1960 49 percent
2008 31 percent
‘;k Children living with single parents
1960 9 percent
2008 26 percent
36. Society and Family
• Warnings came true sooner than later
• This cost 88 million additional houses, valued
at $16 trillion at current prices.
Year Average persons per house
1930 4.5
1950 3.5
2010 2.6
38. 38
High rate of crime
प्रचंड गुन्हेगारी.
भ्रष्टाचार
खून
मारामारी
बलात्कार
39. 39
High rate of crime
The dataset includes figures for 126
countries. India a rate of Murders
reported per 100,000 population
40. 40
High rate of crime
The dataset includes figures for 126
countries. No of prisoners
41. 41
High rate of crime
The dataset includes figures for 126
countries. India is 79th on that list with
a rate of 1.8 rapes reported per
100,000 population
51. 11/23/2016 Dr. Varadraj Bapat, IIT Mumbai 51
51
US personal savings
U.S. personal savings rate has been on its
way down. In other words, consumers
have been spending more than they have
been earning. Some economists warn
that this is troubling and
unsustainable.
http://www.businessinsider.in/CHART-OF-THE-DAY-Why-The-Personal-Savings-
Rate-Is-Tumbling/articleshow/21189234.cms 9 Apr 2013
52. 52
US
• Foreign investments made in the US total
almost $2.4 trillion, which is more than
twice that of any other country. (2012)
• Wiki CIA World jgf
53. 53
US
• What made USA to borrow so much and
reduce savings ?
• Alan Greenspan -
54. Greenspan
• Alan Greenspan served as Chairman of
the Federal Reserve of the United States
from 1987 to 2006.
• Directed the very course of US economy
and of the globe for two decades.
• God of Money
• Sparing the Americans from the need to
save. Enticing them to spend.
56. 56
Debt in USA
• Fannie Mae
http://grandfather-economic-report.com/debt-nat.htm
81% ($46 trillion) of all debt was created since 1990,
a period primarily driven by debt instead of by productive activity.
59. A sign in a US bank:
“We can loan you enough
money to get you
completely out of debt.”
US Debt
60. 60
What is Driving US ?
U.S. household consumer debt profile:
Average credit card debt: $15,112
Average mortgage debt: $146,215
Average student loan debt: $31,240 (Rs. 18 Lakhs)
In total, American consumers owe:
$11.08 trillion in debt
$846.9 billion in credit card debt
$7.75 trillion in mortgages
$1,002.0 billion in student loans
(As of November 2013)
• http://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/credit-card-
data/average-credit-card-debt-household/ accessed on
8.11.2013
66. Concept of Demographic Dividend
Rapid and sustainable economic growth
as consequence of a demographic
transition from high fertility and high
mortality to low fertility and low mortality
equilibrium; reducing the dependency ratio
and increasing the size of the working age
population;
67. Concept of Demographic Dividend
This large cohort of working age
population presents the opportunity to
stimulate economic growth – demographic
dividend;
68. How labour income and
consumption vary by age
• To understand the economic implications
of age structures, we need to know how
labour income and consumption vary with
age.
69. Asian Country: Thailand, 1998
Thailand's Economic Lifecycle, 1998
Per capita labor income and consumption per year (baht)
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90+
Consumption
Labor income
Source: Chawla 2005.
70. Western countries have high consumption in
old age (USA, 2003)
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
0 20 40 60 80
Dollars(US,2000)
Labor Income
Consumption
40000
50000
)
Source: National Transfer Account data.
71. 71
Strengths
Saving Mindset
Family Values
Social Capital
Integral approach
Sustainable thinking
Democratic Values
Diversity
Language skills
Long history of Higher Education
Entrepreneurship
Bharatiya Sanskruti
82. 82
Share of World GDP from 0 to 1998
Year 0 100
0
150
0
160
0
170
0
182
0
187
0
191
3
195
0
197
3
199
8
W.
Eur
10.8 8.7 17.9 19.9 22.5 23.6 33.6 33.5 26.3 25.7 20.6
USA 0 0 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.8 8.9 19.1 27.3 22.0 21.9
Chin
a
26.2 22.7 25.0 29.2 22.3 32.9 17.2 8.9 4.5 4.6 11.5
Indi
a
32.9 28.9 24.5 22.6 24.4 16.0 12.2 7.6 4.2 3.1 5.0
Worl
d
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Source: Table-B-20 Appendix B; pp263; The World Economy: A millennial Perspective—Angus Maddison OECD Development Centre Studies --2007
83. GDP during 2,000 years
Source: Angus Maddison. 2001. The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective. OECD, Paris
Share of Global GDP (%): Year 0-1998
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0
1000
1500
1600
1700
1820
1870
1913
1950
1973
1998
Western Europe
United States
Japan
China
India
84. 84
• India is not a story from Rags to
Riches.
• It’s an economic empire re-establishing
itself
• Western economies have to loot others to
sustain
91. @Prof R.Vaidyanathan,IIMB,2012
• Global entrepreneurship monitor shows that
…………. % of India Population is engaged
in various entrepreneurial activities.
• Also Guess for US, Eurpoe and China
92. @Prof R.Vaidyanathan,IIMB,2012
• Global entrepreneurship monitor shows that
…………. % of India Population is engaged
in various entrepreneurial activities.
• 18 %
• US 11 %
• Europe 5 %
• China 3 %
93. @Prof R.Vaidyanathan,IIMB,2012
• Rise of Bharat, is unique – without high
FDI, high export and mostly domestic
forces-led, unlike that of China. Also the
Global Entrepreneur Monitor [GEM]
study 2003 showed that Indian
economy was entrepreneur-led, unlike
China which is investment and state-
led.
94. The performing India
• UNIDO study in 1997 identified 370 clusters in India
• 2600 rural and artisan clusters.
• Of these only 13 Govt.sponsored
• Contribute 70% of Industrial out-put and 66% of direct
exports
• Panipat – 75% of blankets produced in the country
• Tirupur – 80% of cotton knitwear
• Agra – 75% of leather exports
• Ludhiana – 95% of woollen knitwear,85% of sewing
machines,60% of Bi-cycles and spares
• Surat – 85% of diamond polishing and 60% of synthetic
textiles
• High technology easily absorbed and improvised
95. Domestic Consumption drives growth
• The economist Stephen Roach of Morgan
Stanley puts it, "India's domestic
consumption-led approach to growth is better
balanced than resource-mobilization & export
driven model of China."
97. 97
Strengths
Language skills –
multiple language capacity of
Indians
Sanskrit
Long history of Higher Education
“Beautiful Tree” Dharma Pal ji
Bharatiya Sanskruti
98. Despair …?
• We continue to look to at West for our own
solution.
99. India on the move…?
• Towards Superpower ?
or
• Towards Jagat Guru ?
100. From Davos to DevGiri !
• Reasons to rejoice:
– Transition from Exploited Subdued India to
Enlightened Self-confident Bharat
101. Economics that hurt the moral
well-being of an individual or a
nation are immoral and therefore
sinful.
MM-263
That economics is untrue which
ignores or disregards moral
values.
XXV-475
102. Our object in framing the
Constitution is rally two-fold: (1) To
lay down the form of political
democracy, and (2) To lay down that
our ideal is economic democracy
and also to prescribe that every
Government whatever is in power
shall strive to bring about economic
democracy. The directive principles
have a great value, for they lay
down that our ideal is economic
democracy.
103. Deendayal Upadhyay “I visualize for
India a decentralized polity and self-reliant
economy with the village as the base. We
cannot rely upon superficial Western
concepts like individualism, socialism,
communism, capitalism and need to be
rooted in the timeless traditions of our
ancient culture. He was of the view that
the Indian intellect was getting suffocated
by Western theories and ideologies and
consequently there was a big roadblock
on the growth and expansion of original
Bharatiya thought.
104. • Maharishi Aurobindo said:
“India shall arise upon the ruins
of the west” He said by the
year 2011 the western
countries will fall and India will
rise.
105. India has to get into act
•The Question is are we
getting ready to create a
new world order?
107. References
1 Indian Models of Economy, Business and
Management Models- K Kanagasabapathi
2 India Unincoporated- L Vaidyanathan
3 Indian Business and Financial Models
course by S Gurumurthy conducted at
IITB.
108. Further readings
1 Too big to fail- Andrew Ross Sorkin
2 The Inside Job- A Documentary on how
the global economic crisis happened.