The document provides an overview of the internship report for the NorthernPower Generation Company Limited Thermal Power Station in Muzaffar Garh, Pakistan. It discusses the power station's installed capacity totaling 1370MW across 6 units from Russian and Chinese suppliers. It also summarizes the key components and systems of the power station including the water tube boilers, steam turbines, generators, cooling systems, and various cycles.
The document provides an overview of the Mejia Thermal Power Station (MTPS) in West Bengal, India. It details that MTPS has a total installed capacity of 2340MW across 8 units and is the second largest thermal power plant in West Bengal. The document describes the various components that make up a thermal power plant including the coal handling plant, water treatment plant, boiler system, ash handling plant, electrostatic precipitator, boiler auxiliaries, steam turbine, cooling tower and chimney.
This document provides information about the Parali Thermal Power Station located in Beed district, Maharashtra, India. It has a total installed capacity of 1130 MW across 6 units built between 1971-2005. Key components of the power plant include the coal handling plant, water handling plant, boiler system, turbine, generator, and transformer. Coal is used as the primary fuel source due to its relatively low cost compared to other fuels. The document describes the basic processes of energy conversion from coal to electricity at the thermal power station.
Bathinda thermal power plant mid semester reportLovesh Singla
The document describes the Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Power Plant located in Bathinda, India. It is a coal-based thermal power plant with four units that have a total installed capacity of 440MW. The plant receives coal via rail, which is then crushed and pulverized before being burned in the boiler to produce steam. This steam powers a steam turbine which is connected to a generator, producing electricity. The plant helps meet the power demand of Punjab and provides local employment.
The document provides details about an industrial training project at the Wanakbori Thermal Power Station (WTPS). It includes:
1) An acknowledgment thanking those who facilitated the training.
2) An index outlining the topics to be covered, including details of the boiler, turbine, condenser, coal handling plant, and more.
3) An abstract stating the aim was to study the mechanical instruments involved in power generation and improve practical knowledge.
Ntpc ppt for single student persentationVinit Kumar
This document provides an overview of the Kahalgaon Thermal Power Plant and its key components and processes. It describes how coal is transported to the plant by rail and crushed before being pulverized and burned in the boiler to create steam. The steam then powers a turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity. Important components discussed include the boiler, superheater, reheater, condenser, cooling tower, and economizer. The document also provides specifications for the 210MW turbo generator units including voltage, current, power factor, and speed.
Cseb (chhattisgarh state electricity board) korba mechanical vocational train...haxxo24
This document provides an overview of thermal power plants, including their main components and processes. It discusses how coal, natural gas, nuclear, and other fuels are used to heat water and produce steam to drive turbines that generate electricity. The key components described include the boiler, turbine, steam generator, superheater, reheater, fuel preparation systems, air paths, fly ash collection, bottom ash collection, and water treatment systems. Thermal power plants are described as converting the chemical energy in fuels into thermal energy to produce high-pressure steam, which is then used to power steam turbines that generate electricity.
The document provides an overview of the key components and processes involved in a thermal power plant. It discusses the basic principle of converting heat energy from fuel combustion into electrical energy through a steam turbine generator. The main components and processes described include the boiler, steam generation using a Rankine cycle, superheaters, reheater, economizer, turbine, condenser, and feedwater system. Auxiliary components to support combustion and power generation such as mills, fans, precipitators and the ash handling system are also outlined.
The document provides a summary of a vocational training report at the Mejia Thermal Power Station of the Damodar Valley Corporation. It discusses the key components and processes involved in thermal power generation including:
1) The basic process of converting heat energy from coal combustion into mechanical energy via steam turbines, and then into electrical energy using generators.
2) Important parts of the power station like the coal handling plant, steam generation systems, water handling plant, switchyard and transmission systems.
3) Details on the working of key equipment like generators, switchyards and the processes of synchronization, voltage control and protection systems.
4) The role of auxiliary systems in thermal power generation and distribution of power within
The document provides an overview of the Mejia Thermal Power Station (MTPS) in West Bengal, India. It details that MTPS has a total installed capacity of 2340MW across 8 units and is the second largest thermal power plant in West Bengal. The document describes the various components that make up a thermal power plant including the coal handling plant, water treatment plant, boiler system, ash handling plant, electrostatic precipitator, boiler auxiliaries, steam turbine, cooling tower and chimney.
This document provides information about the Parali Thermal Power Station located in Beed district, Maharashtra, India. It has a total installed capacity of 1130 MW across 6 units built between 1971-2005. Key components of the power plant include the coal handling plant, water handling plant, boiler system, turbine, generator, and transformer. Coal is used as the primary fuel source due to its relatively low cost compared to other fuels. The document describes the basic processes of energy conversion from coal to electricity at the thermal power station.
Bathinda thermal power plant mid semester reportLovesh Singla
The document describes the Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Power Plant located in Bathinda, India. It is a coal-based thermal power plant with four units that have a total installed capacity of 440MW. The plant receives coal via rail, which is then crushed and pulverized before being burned in the boiler to produce steam. This steam powers a steam turbine which is connected to a generator, producing electricity. The plant helps meet the power demand of Punjab and provides local employment.
The document provides details about an industrial training project at the Wanakbori Thermal Power Station (WTPS). It includes:
1) An acknowledgment thanking those who facilitated the training.
2) An index outlining the topics to be covered, including details of the boiler, turbine, condenser, coal handling plant, and more.
3) An abstract stating the aim was to study the mechanical instruments involved in power generation and improve practical knowledge.
Ntpc ppt for single student persentationVinit Kumar
This document provides an overview of the Kahalgaon Thermal Power Plant and its key components and processes. It describes how coal is transported to the plant by rail and crushed before being pulverized and burned in the boiler to create steam. The steam then powers a turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity. Important components discussed include the boiler, superheater, reheater, condenser, cooling tower, and economizer. The document also provides specifications for the 210MW turbo generator units including voltage, current, power factor, and speed.
Cseb (chhattisgarh state electricity board) korba mechanical vocational train...haxxo24
This document provides an overview of thermal power plants, including their main components and processes. It discusses how coal, natural gas, nuclear, and other fuels are used to heat water and produce steam to drive turbines that generate electricity. The key components described include the boiler, turbine, steam generator, superheater, reheater, fuel preparation systems, air paths, fly ash collection, bottom ash collection, and water treatment systems. Thermal power plants are described as converting the chemical energy in fuels into thermal energy to produce high-pressure steam, which is then used to power steam turbines that generate electricity.
The document provides an overview of the key components and processes involved in a thermal power plant. It discusses the basic principle of converting heat energy from fuel combustion into electrical energy through a steam turbine generator. The main components and processes described include the boiler, steam generation using a Rankine cycle, superheaters, reheater, economizer, turbine, condenser, and feedwater system. Auxiliary components to support combustion and power generation such as mills, fans, precipitators and the ash handling system are also outlined.
The document provides a summary of a vocational training report at the Mejia Thermal Power Station of the Damodar Valley Corporation. It discusses the key components and processes involved in thermal power generation including:
1) The basic process of converting heat energy from coal combustion into mechanical energy via steam turbines, and then into electrical energy using generators.
2) Important parts of the power station like the coal handling plant, steam generation systems, water handling plant, switchyard and transmission systems.
3) Details on the working of key equipment like generators, switchyards and the processes of synchronization, voltage control and protection systems.
4) The role of auxiliary systems in thermal power generation and distribution of power within
vocational training report on CSPGCL korba, chhattisgarhsahilthakur03
This document provides details about a vocational training project on thermal power plants conducted at the Hasdev Thermal Power Station in Korba, India from July 3rd to August 2nd, 2017. It includes an introduction to the power station, indexes various sections to be covered, and acknowledges those who supported and guided the training project.
Guru Nanak Dev thermal plant bathinda industrial training by hardeepHardeep Singh
The Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant (G.N.D.T.P) is a 440 MW coal-based thermal power plant located outside Bathinda, Punjab. It uses a Rankine cycle to generate power. Coal is pulverized and fed into boilers to produce high pressure steam. The steam powers turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. It has circuits for steam, water, and coal flow. Key components include boilers, turbines, condensers, heaters, and a cooling tower. The plant aims to increase efficiency through techniques like reheating and regenerative feed heating.
ppt on NTPC kahalgaon ,bhagalpur ( bihar) BY AKHILESH & PRIYESHAKHILESH KUMAR
This document provides an overview of a summer training presentation on the National Thermal Power Plant in Kahalgaon, Bihar, India. It was submitted by an engineering student to their professor. The presentation covers the plant's coal handling system, boiler and auxiliary systems, turbine system, ash handling system, and off-site maintenance departments. It includes descriptions of the equipment used in coal handling, the boiler maintenance department, turbine maintenance, and ash handling. It also provides background on NTPC, the company that operates the plant, and details on the plant's layout and specifications.
This document provides an overview of the author's four week summer training at the Bajaj Energy Limited power plant in Barkhera, Uttar Pradesh. It includes an acknowledgments section, declaration, preface, and table of contents outlining the report. The report will cover various aspects of the thermal power generation process observed during the training, including the coal handling plant, demineralized water plant, boiler, turbine, generator, condenser, cooling tower, and ash handling plant.
Cseb (chhattisgarh state electricity board) korba east vocational training pr...haxxo24
This document provides an overview of vocational training received at a power plant in Korba, Chhattisgarh, India. It discusses the key components and processes involved in power generation, including coal handling, fuel and air circuits, turbines, condensers, heaters, and other equipment. The training covered the parts, functioning, and interlocking of equipment like turbines, pumps, condensers, and boilers. Trainees learned about the resources like water, coal, and air required for power generation and the classification and transportation of coal used as fuel at the plant.
The document provides information about the Anpara Thermal Power Project located in Uttar Pradesh, India. It discusses the project's 3 stages with a total generating capacity of 1630 MW from 6 units. The location, commissioning dates, and original equipment manufacturers are listed for each unit. Diagrams of a unit overview and the water and steam cycle are included. Key components like boilers, turbines, heaters, deaerator, and boiler feed pumps are also described.
This PPT is for presentation on summer training by electrical engineers at Parichha thermal power plant. I have compiled it from ppt by Abhishek Awasthi and Himanshu Katiyar on Panki thermal power plant.
This document provides an overview of a gas turbine power station in Uran, India. It discusses the key components of the power plant including the filter house, compressor, combustion chamber, gas turbine, generator, waste heat recovery plant, boiler, steam turbine, air cooled condenser, and transformer. It also discusses the starting frequency converter, gas skid, fuel management, and concludes by thanking those involved in the training project.
This document provides an overview of the key components and processes in a thermal power plant. It describes how coal is combusted to generate steam, which powers turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The main equipment includes the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers, feedwater heaters, and auxiliary components like the ash handling plant and electrostatic precipitator. Thermal power plants are one of the primary sources of electricity generation in many countries due to their ability to efficiently convert the chemical energy in coal into electrical energy.
Ntpc dadri thermal power plant & switchyardI.E.T. lucknow
The document provides information about a summer training program at the NTPC power plant in Dadri, India. It discusses the installed capacity of the plant, which includes 1820 MW of thermal capacity and 817 MW of gas capacity. It then describes the various components and processes within the thermal power station, including the coal handling plant, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling tower, and electrical equipment. It also provides a brief overview of the switchyard station and some of its key electrical components.
The document provides an overview of a coal-based thermal power plant presented by Shivam Kumar. It describes the key components of the plant including the coal handling plant, boiler and auxiliaries like superheaters and economizers, condenser, cooling towers, feedwater heaters, turbines, deaerator, and electrostatic precipitator. The plant has a capacity of 1500MW in stage 1 and is located in Haryana, utilizing coal delivered by rail to generate electricity through the Rankine cycle process in its boilers and turbines.
This document provides an overview of an industrial in-plant training report submitted by Batch-8 at the Dr. NARLA TATA RAO Thermal Power Station. It includes an acknowledgment, index, abstract on thermal power and coal, introduction to the power station, purpose of the visit, working of the power station, details of the units, and descriptions of the coal handling plant, boiler, and boiler auxiliaries like the economizer and superheater. The report aims to provide trainees knowledge about the practical workings of a thermal power generation plant through their visit.
This document discusses different types of power plants. It provides detailed information about the components and working of thermal power plants. Key components of a thermal power plant include a boiler, turbine, generator and condenser. Coal or natural gas is used as fuel in the boiler to produce high pressure steam. This steam powers the turbine, which spins the generator to produce electricity. The condenser then cools and condenses the steam back into water to be reused. The document also briefly discusses hydroelectric power plants, which use the kinetic energy of moving water to drive turbines connected to generators.
IPGCL/PPCL( INDRAPRASTHA POWER GENERATION CO. LTD. & PRAGATI POWER GENERATION)Rimjhim Raj singh
The document provides information about Indraprastha Power Generation Company Limited (IPGCL) and Pragati Power Generation (PPG). It summarizes that IPGCL has a total installed capacity of 994.5MW across two power stations, Rajghat and Gas Turbine. PPG has a single 330MW power station that uses a combined cycle of gas and steam turbines to generate electricity from treated sewage water. The document then provides detailed descriptions of the operations and components of the gas turbine, steam turbine, and combined cycle systems used at PPG.
A thermal power plant converts the heat energy of coal into electrical energy. Coal is burnt in a boiler to produce steam which drives a steam turbine connected to a generator. Thermal power plants provide the majority of electricity in India. The key components of a thermal power plant include the coal handling system, pulverizers, draft fans, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers, feedwater heaters and others. Thermal power has advantages of using cheap fuel and low initial costs but has disadvantages of polluting the atmosphere. Large thermal power plants in Gujarat include Mundra, Wanakbori and Ukai.
The whole world is suffering from energy crisis and the pollution is
manifesting itself in the spiralling cost of energy. The economic, both micro and macro, growth of any nation depends on
the power sector, because if that fails, slowly from minor to perhaps
complete breakdown of the system can occur. Energy is created by the following plants: 1. Thermal 2. Nuclear 3. Hydel 4. Hydraulic 5. Gas 6. GeoThermal
Alongwith cheap energy, control of the waste generation and pollution
needs to be done, which is a bigger devil on the long run. A pioneer in such an enterprise is Mejia Thermal Power Station, Durlabhpur, Bankura. We undertook Vocational Training in this
institution, and learned about the process of power generation and it’s
by-products. The Power station has a total of 8 units, final two units inducted in
2012 and 2013, and thus being extremely advanced, with newest
thermodynamic designs, and fast, digital and reliable controls. It
employs Tilting Corner Fired Combustion Burner, and KWU West
Germany Design Reaction Turbine, both manufactured by BHEL, India. MTPS units have many special features including Turbo mill, DIPC
(Direct Ignition of Pulverised Coal) system, HPLP bypass system, Automatic Turbine run up system , and Furnace Safeguard Supervisory
System.
Internship Report on thermal power station in vizag steel plantAbhishek Kumar
This document provides information about a study of power generation and distribution at a thermal power plant in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant. It discusses the key components of the thermal power plant including five water tube boilers that produce steam at 101 atmospheres of pressure and 540 degrees Celsius. The steam powers five steam turbines coupled to generators with a total installed capacity of 286.5 MW. The document outlines the processes of coal combustion in the boilers, steam generation, power generation using steam turbines, and distribution of power within the steel plant. It also discusses operational aspects like load management and limits of the turbo generators.
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam, which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from. The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole process into following parts.
This document provides an overview and technical details of Gagandeep Singh's 6-week industrial training at the Parichha Thermal Power Plant (PTPP) in Jhansi, India. It includes an introduction to the power plant, salient features, technical data on the 110MW plant including specifications for the boiler, turbine, and other main equipment. It also discusses the boiler maintenance division where Gagandeep completed their training and acknowledges those who supported the training experience.
The document provides information about the Talwandi Sabo Power Limited (TSPL) coal-fired power plant in Mansa District, Punjab, India. Some key points:
- TSPL is implementing a state-of-the-art 3 x 660 MW supercritical thermal power plant, which will be the largest greenfield power project in Punjab.
- The plant will help meet Punjab's growing power demand, as current installed capacity is less than peak demand.
- The plant receives coal via rail from Coal India subsidiaries and water from the Jagga canal. It has a coal handling plant, boiler, turbine generator sets, water treatment systems and other auxiliary equipment.
- The boiler is
Thermal Power Plant - Full Detail About Plant and Parts (Also Contain Animate...Shubham Thakur
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.[1] Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
For Video on Themal Power Plant (Animated Working Video) :- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouWOhk1INjo
Subscribe To Our Youtube Channel For More Videos:-
https://www.youtube.com/TheEngineeringScienc
Click Here To Subscribe:-
http://www.youtube.com/user/TheEngineeringScienc?sub_confirmation=1
Industrial training at NTPC ShaktinagarRishikesh .
This document provides an overview of industrial training at a thermal power station in Singrauli, Madhya Pradesh, India. It describes the basic process of how coal is converted into electricity through various components of the power plant. Key components discussed include the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers, and burner management system. The document also includes diagrams illustrating the general layout and coal to electricity process of a typical coal-fired thermal power station.
vocational training report on CSPGCL korba, chhattisgarhsahilthakur03
This document provides details about a vocational training project on thermal power plants conducted at the Hasdev Thermal Power Station in Korba, India from July 3rd to August 2nd, 2017. It includes an introduction to the power station, indexes various sections to be covered, and acknowledges those who supported and guided the training project.
Guru Nanak Dev thermal plant bathinda industrial training by hardeepHardeep Singh
The Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant (G.N.D.T.P) is a 440 MW coal-based thermal power plant located outside Bathinda, Punjab. It uses a Rankine cycle to generate power. Coal is pulverized and fed into boilers to produce high pressure steam. The steam powers turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. It has circuits for steam, water, and coal flow. Key components include boilers, turbines, condensers, heaters, and a cooling tower. The plant aims to increase efficiency through techniques like reheating and regenerative feed heating.
ppt on NTPC kahalgaon ,bhagalpur ( bihar) BY AKHILESH & PRIYESHAKHILESH KUMAR
This document provides an overview of a summer training presentation on the National Thermal Power Plant in Kahalgaon, Bihar, India. It was submitted by an engineering student to their professor. The presentation covers the plant's coal handling system, boiler and auxiliary systems, turbine system, ash handling system, and off-site maintenance departments. It includes descriptions of the equipment used in coal handling, the boiler maintenance department, turbine maintenance, and ash handling. It also provides background on NTPC, the company that operates the plant, and details on the plant's layout and specifications.
This document provides an overview of the author's four week summer training at the Bajaj Energy Limited power plant in Barkhera, Uttar Pradesh. It includes an acknowledgments section, declaration, preface, and table of contents outlining the report. The report will cover various aspects of the thermal power generation process observed during the training, including the coal handling plant, demineralized water plant, boiler, turbine, generator, condenser, cooling tower, and ash handling plant.
Cseb (chhattisgarh state electricity board) korba east vocational training pr...haxxo24
This document provides an overview of vocational training received at a power plant in Korba, Chhattisgarh, India. It discusses the key components and processes involved in power generation, including coal handling, fuel and air circuits, turbines, condensers, heaters, and other equipment. The training covered the parts, functioning, and interlocking of equipment like turbines, pumps, condensers, and boilers. Trainees learned about the resources like water, coal, and air required for power generation and the classification and transportation of coal used as fuel at the plant.
The document provides information about the Anpara Thermal Power Project located in Uttar Pradesh, India. It discusses the project's 3 stages with a total generating capacity of 1630 MW from 6 units. The location, commissioning dates, and original equipment manufacturers are listed for each unit. Diagrams of a unit overview and the water and steam cycle are included. Key components like boilers, turbines, heaters, deaerator, and boiler feed pumps are also described.
This PPT is for presentation on summer training by electrical engineers at Parichha thermal power plant. I have compiled it from ppt by Abhishek Awasthi and Himanshu Katiyar on Panki thermal power plant.
This document provides an overview of a gas turbine power station in Uran, India. It discusses the key components of the power plant including the filter house, compressor, combustion chamber, gas turbine, generator, waste heat recovery plant, boiler, steam turbine, air cooled condenser, and transformer. It also discusses the starting frequency converter, gas skid, fuel management, and concludes by thanking those involved in the training project.
This document provides an overview of the key components and processes in a thermal power plant. It describes how coal is combusted to generate steam, which powers turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The main equipment includes the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers, feedwater heaters, and auxiliary components like the ash handling plant and electrostatic precipitator. Thermal power plants are one of the primary sources of electricity generation in many countries due to their ability to efficiently convert the chemical energy in coal into electrical energy.
Ntpc dadri thermal power plant & switchyardI.E.T. lucknow
The document provides information about a summer training program at the NTPC power plant in Dadri, India. It discusses the installed capacity of the plant, which includes 1820 MW of thermal capacity and 817 MW of gas capacity. It then describes the various components and processes within the thermal power station, including the coal handling plant, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling tower, and electrical equipment. It also provides a brief overview of the switchyard station and some of its key electrical components.
The document provides an overview of a coal-based thermal power plant presented by Shivam Kumar. It describes the key components of the plant including the coal handling plant, boiler and auxiliaries like superheaters and economizers, condenser, cooling towers, feedwater heaters, turbines, deaerator, and electrostatic precipitator. The plant has a capacity of 1500MW in stage 1 and is located in Haryana, utilizing coal delivered by rail to generate electricity through the Rankine cycle process in its boilers and turbines.
This document provides an overview of an industrial in-plant training report submitted by Batch-8 at the Dr. NARLA TATA RAO Thermal Power Station. It includes an acknowledgment, index, abstract on thermal power and coal, introduction to the power station, purpose of the visit, working of the power station, details of the units, and descriptions of the coal handling plant, boiler, and boiler auxiliaries like the economizer and superheater. The report aims to provide trainees knowledge about the practical workings of a thermal power generation plant through their visit.
This document discusses different types of power plants. It provides detailed information about the components and working of thermal power plants. Key components of a thermal power plant include a boiler, turbine, generator and condenser. Coal or natural gas is used as fuel in the boiler to produce high pressure steam. This steam powers the turbine, which spins the generator to produce electricity. The condenser then cools and condenses the steam back into water to be reused. The document also briefly discusses hydroelectric power plants, which use the kinetic energy of moving water to drive turbines connected to generators.
IPGCL/PPCL( INDRAPRASTHA POWER GENERATION CO. LTD. & PRAGATI POWER GENERATION)Rimjhim Raj singh
The document provides information about Indraprastha Power Generation Company Limited (IPGCL) and Pragati Power Generation (PPG). It summarizes that IPGCL has a total installed capacity of 994.5MW across two power stations, Rajghat and Gas Turbine. PPG has a single 330MW power station that uses a combined cycle of gas and steam turbines to generate electricity from treated sewage water. The document then provides detailed descriptions of the operations and components of the gas turbine, steam turbine, and combined cycle systems used at PPG.
A thermal power plant converts the heat energy of coal into electrical energy. Coal is burnt in a boiler to produce steam which drives a steam turbine connected to a generator. Thermal power plants provide the majority of electricity in India. The key components of a thermal power plant include the coal handling system, pulverizers, draft fans, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers, feedwater heaters and others. Thermal power has advantages of using cheap fuel and low initial costs but has disadvantages of polluting the atmosphere. Large thermal power plants in Gujarat include Mundra, Wanakbori and Ukai.
The whole world is suffering from energy crisis and the pollution is
manifesting itself in the spiralling cost of energy. The economic, both micro and macro, growth of any nation depends on
the power sector, because if that fails, slowly from minor to perhaps
complete breakdown of the system can occur. Energy is created by the following plants: 1. Thermal 2. Nuclear 3. Hydel 4. Hydraulic 5. Gas 6. GeoThermal
Alongwith cheap energy, control of the waste generation and pollution
needs to be done, which is a bigger devil on the long run. A pioneer in such an enterprise is Mejia Thermal Power Station, Durlabhpur, Bankura. We undertook Vocational Training in this
institution, and learned about the process of power generation and it’s
by-products. The Power station has a total of 8 units, final two units inducted in
2012 and 2013, and thus being extremely advanced, with newest
thermodynamic designs, and fast, digital and reliable controls. It
employs Tilting Corner Fired Combustion Burner, and KWU West
Germany Design Reaction Turbine, both manufactured by BHEL, India. MTPS units have many special features including Turbo mill, DIPC
(Direct Ignition of Pulverised Coal) system, HPLP bypass system, Automatic Turbine run up system , and Furnace Safeguard Supervisory
System.
Internship Report on thermal power station in vizag steel plantAbhishek Kumar
This document provides information about a study of power generation and distribution at a thermal power plant in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant. It discusses the key components of the thermal power plant including five water tube boilers that produce steam at 101 atmospheres of pressure and 540 degrees Celsius. The steam powers five steam turbines coupled to generators with a total installed capacity of 286.5 MW. The document outlines the processes of coal combustion in the boilers, steam generation, power generation using steam turbines, and distribution of power within the steel plant. It also discusses operational aspects like load management and limits of the turbo generators.
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam, which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from. The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole process into following parts.
This document provides an overview and technical details of Gagandeep Singh's 6-week industrial training at the Parichha Thermal Power Plant (PTPP) in Jhansi, India. It includes an introduction to the power plant, salient features, technical data on the 110MW plant including specifications for the boiler, turbine, and other main equipment. It also discusses the boiler maintenance division where Gagandeep completed their training and acknowledges those who supported the training experience.
The document provides information about the Talwandi Sabo Power Limited (TSPL) coal-fired power plant in Mansa District, Punjab, India. Some key points:
- TSPL is implementing a state-of-the-art 3 x 660 MW supercritical thermal power plant, which will be the largest greenfield power project in Punjab.
- The plant will help meet Punjab's growing power demand, as current installed capacity is less than peak demand.
- The plant receives coal via rail from Coal India subsidiaries and water from the Jagga canal. It has a coal handling plant, boiler, turbine generator sets, water treatment systems and other auxiliary equipment.
- The boiler is
Thermal Power Plant - Full Detail About Plant and Parts (Also Contain Animate...Shubham Thakur
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.[1] Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
For Video on Themal Power Plant (Animated Working Video) :- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouWOhk1INjo
Subscribe To Our Youtube Channel For More Videos:-
https://www.youtube.com/TheEngineeringScienc
Click Here To Subscribe:-
http://www.youtube.com/user/TheEngineeringScienc?sub_confirmation=1
Industrial training at NTPC ShaktinagarRishikesh .
This document provides an overview of industrial training at a thermal power station in Singrauli, Madhya Pradesh, India. It describes the basic process of how coal is converted into electricity through various components of the power plant. Key components discussed include the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers, and burner management system. The document also includes diagrams illustrating the general layout and coal to electricity process of a typical coal-fired thermal power station.
The document provides an overview of the Mejia Thermal Power Station (MTPS) in West Bengal, India. It discusses:
1. MTPS is operated by Damodar Valley Corporation and has a total installed capacity of 2340 MW generated from various units.
2. The power plant layout includes the main equipment used in the generation process such as the coal handling plant, boiler, turbine, condenser, and cooling towers.
3. The stepwise operation begins with coal being burned in the boiler to produce high pressure steam, which is then used to rotate the turbine and generate electricity via the alternator.
This presentations contains the basic layout of a thermal power palnt along with the components.Coal and it's types.Future of thermal power plant in India.
The document provides an overview of the Mejia Thermal Power Station (MTPS) located in West Bengal, India. It is owned by the Damodar Valley Corporation and has a total installed capacity of 2340 MW generated from various units. The document describes the key components of the thermal power plant including the coal handling system, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, and switchyard. It also provides a step-by-step explanation of how coal is converted into electrical energy within the power station.
THERMAL POWER PLANT TRAINING INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORTPrasant Kumar
The document provides an overview of the components and operation of a thermal power plant. It discusses the key elements including coal handling, pulverizers, boilers, superheaters, turbines, generators, condensers and cooling towers. The coal is pulverized and burned to produce steam, which spins turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The steam is then condensed and recycled to the boilers to complete the Rankine cycle. The document outlines the functions of the major equipment in a coal-fired thermal power station.
Thermal power plants generate electricity by burning coal to produce steam that drives turbines connected to generators. They are a major source of electricity in many countries. In India, thermal power plants make up 75% of electricity generation. Coal is pulverized and burned in a boiler to heat water into steam. The high-pressure steam spins turbines that power generators to produce electricity. The steam is then condensed in a condenser using cooling water from cooling towers before being returned to the boiler as feedwater to repeat the process. While thermal plants provide reliable base-load power, they also produce significant air pollution and carbon emissions.
Identification of fuel pipe and steam pipe(thermal power plant Muzafargha)HaseebAhmadChughtai
This document provides an overview of the Thermal Power Station located in Muzaffargarh, Pakistan. It has two phases, with Phase 1 having 3 Russian units of 210 MW each and 1 Chinese unit of 320 MW. Phase 2 has 2 Chinese units of 200 MW each. The power station uses steam to power turbines that generate electricity. It uses furnace oil and gas as fuel. The document discusses the different units and their capacities, as well as providing background information on thermal power stations and the steam turbine process.
Identification of fuel pipe and steam pipe(Thermal Power plant Muzafarghar )HaseebAhmadChughtai
This document provides an overview of the Thermal Power Station located in Muzaffargarh, Pakistan. It has two phases, with Phase 1 having 3 Russian units of 210 MW each and 1 Chinese unit of 320 MW. Phase 2 has 2 Chinese units of 200 MW each. The power station uses steam to power turbines that generate electricity. It has a total installed capacity of 1350 MW. Water tube boilers are used, with dual fuel combustion systems for gas and furnace oil. The power station feeds into the national grid system and is an important source of electricity generation in Pakistan.
A thermal power plant converts the heat energy from burning coal into electrical energy. Coal is burned in a boiler to produce high pressure steam, which spins turbines connected to generators. The main equipment includes the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, and cooling towers. The steam produced is used to generate electricity before being condensed back into water and returned to the boiler to complete the cycle.
The document provides information about Kolaghat Thermal Power Station located in West Bengal, India. It has six units totaling 1,260 MW capacity. The power plant uses a steam turbine process to convert the heat from burning coal into electrical energy. It describes the main equipment used including the coal handling plant, boiler, turbine, condenser, and electrical equipment like transformers and generators. The document provides technical specifications for many of the major components.
This document is a seminar report submitted by Rabindra Kumar Guin on the topic of thermal power plants. It provides an overview of the major equipment used in thermal power plants, including boilers, turbines, condensers, pumps, and more. It also explains the basic working principle of the Rankine cycle used in thermal power generation, where heat is converted to mechanical work and then electrical energy. The report discusses the advantages and disadvantages of thermal power plants and concludes by discussing opportunities to improve efficiency and reduce emissions from these important sources of electricity.
Thermal power plants convert the heat energy from burning coal into electrical energy. Coal is burned in a boiler to produce steam which spins a turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity. The main equipment includes the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, alternator, condenser and cooling towers. Thermal power is a major source of electricity in many countries but produces carbon emissions and other pollutants. The document provides an overview of how thermal power plants work and their advantages of low-cost fuel but also disadvantages of environmental impacts.
This document provides an overview of the Bandel Thermal Power Station located in West Bengal, India. It describes the station's 5 operational units with a total installed capacity of 450MW. The document then explains the basic components and processes of a thermal power plant, including coal handling, pulverizing, the draft system, boiler, turbine, ash handling, condenser, cooling towers/ponds, feedwater heating, and air preheating. Diagrams of a typical Rankine cycle and thermal power plant schematic are also included.
The document provides an overview of the National Capital Power Station in Dadri, India. It discusses that the power station is owned and operated by NTPC, India's largest power company. It then describes the key components and processes of the combined cycle gas power plant, including how gas turbines and steam turbines are used together to generate electricity through both the Brayton and Rankine cycles. Operators monitor and control the plant from a central control room.
This document provides a summary of Abhishek Chaudhary's summer internship at the Super Thermal Power Plant in Barh, Bihar, India. It discusses the typical components and processes involved in a coal-fired thermal power plant, including how chemical energy from coal is converted to electrical energy through boiling water to create steam that spins turbines connected to generators. It also describes the specific components of the Barh power plant, including its coal requirements, water source, capacity, and beneficiaries. The document outlines the typical Rankine cycle used in thermal power plants and discusses the functions of key components like the boiler, superheater, reheater, fuel preparation systems, stacks, air deheaters, fans, conden
SUMMER INTERNSHIP(INDUSTRAIL REPORT) ON THERMAL POWER PLANT Amit Gupta
The document describes the key components and processes involved in a typical coal-fired thermal power plant, including coal handling, pulverizing, combustion in the boiler, steam generation, power generation in the turbine, and condensing spent steam. It also provides details on equipment like draft fans, superheaters, reheaters, the ash handling system, feedwater heaters, and installed capacity of thermal power plants in Rajasthan.
SUMMER TRAINING AT NTPC DADRI GAS SECTIONAMIT KUMAR
The document provides an overview of NTPC, India's largest power company, and details about gas power plants and combined cycle power plants. It describes the key components and processes, including gas turbines, heat recovery steam generators, steam turbines, and the Brayton and Rankine cycles. Specifically, it explains how compressed air is heated in a gas turbine to drive a generator, before its waste heat is used to generate high pressure steam to drive a steam turbine. Together, the gas and steam turbines can produce up to 600 megawatts of electricity in a combined cycle configuration. The document also outlines NTPC's emissions controls and cooling systems to reduce environmental impacts.
Project Report on “WORKING MODEL OF POWER GRID/SMART GRIDPrasant Kumar
Over a century of years ago, the power system has been developed into one of the predominantly complicated network viewed in human history. Due to the mounting of consumption demand, the modern electrical power grids are now increasing into a huge structure with various interconnected regional grids, owned and operated by Power Corporation at every height and hierarchy.
Due to dense attention, management and operation among various power companies periodically complex the cross-region transmission work and more time results in poor coordination and inefficient power delivery. So the conventional power grid in today’s world is facing some upcoming challenges.
As the demand and category of consumption increases, various types of modern technologies are introduced in power system, like the electric component charging system, distributed renewable energy generation, smart meters etc, that all work towards the complication of modern power delivery.
The day to day increasing dependence on electricity and growing need for power quality have been regularly asking for better power delivery, faster power restoration and more flexible pricing among others.
An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from suppliers to consumers. It consists of three main components power generation transmission and distribution.
The document provides an overview of a thermal power plant, including its key components and processes. It begins with an introduction to how thermal power plants convert heat energy from coal into electrical energy. It then describes the general layout of a typical coal-fired thermal power plant and lists its main equipment such as the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser and cooling towers. Each of these components are then explained in more detail. The document also lists some major thermal power plants located in Rajasthan and references used.
Similar to IN THE NAME OF ALLAH THE MOST BENIFICIENT AND MOST MERCIFUL (20)
2. 2
Introduction
A thermal power station is a powerplant in which the prime moveris
steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine
which either drives an electrical generator or does some other works, like
ship propulsion. After it passes through theturbine, the steam is condensed
in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated. , this is known as a
Rankinecycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power
stations is due to the different fuel sources. Someprefer to use the term
energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into
electrical energy.
Commercial electric utility power stations are m9ost usually constructed
on a very large scale and designed for continuousoperation. Electric power
plants typically use three phaseor individualphaseelectrical generators
to producealternating current (AC) electric power at a frequency of 50Hz
or 60Hz depending on its location on the world. Other large companiesor
institutions may havetheir own usually smaller power plantsto supply
heating or electricity to their facilities especially if heat or stem is created
anywayfor other purposes.
3. 3
Table of contents
1 Introduction 7
2 TPS MuzffarGarh 8
2.1 Installed capacity 8
2.2 Introduction to phase#1 8
2.3 Introduction to phase#2 9
3 Boiler 11
3.1 Water tube boiler 11
3.2 Boiler parameter 11
3.3 Main part of boiler 12
3.4 Boiler protection 16
4 Steam turbine 17
4.1 HP (High pressure) turbine 18
4.2 IP (Intermediate pressure) turbine 18
4.3 LP (Low pressure) turbine 18
4.4 Steam turbine specification 18
4.5 Turbine protection 19
5 FSSS 19
5.1 Decanting area 20
5.2 Fuel oil tanks 20
5.3 First lift pump 20
5.4 Main heaters 21
5.5 Second lift pump 21
6 The generator 22
6.1 Working principle 22
6.2 Main generator parameters 23
6.3 Cooling system of turbo-generator 24
6.4 Protections of generator 27
7 Cycles 29
7.1 Steam cycle 29
7.2 Fuel oil cycle 30
7.3 Air flow cycle 31
7.4 Condensatecycle 32
7.5 Feed water cycle 33
4. 4
1. T.P.S Muzaffar Garh
1.1 Installedcapacity
This power station is a vital and majorthermal power generating
installation connected with nationalgrid system in Pakistan. This
power station was constructed in different phases having total
capacity of 1370MW. It consists of:
Three Russian units of 210MW each
Two Chinese units of 210MW
One Chinese unit of 320MW
Fuel
Dualfuel combustion provision gas& furnace oil hasbeen madefor all
the machines. Furnaceoil is transported through railway wagonsand
tank Lorries.
Unit# Installed
capacity
Working
capacity
Constru
cted By
Construct
-ion Date
Fuel
Type
ST-1 210MW 170MW Russian Sep.1993 P. Gas,
F. oil
ST-2 210MW 175MW Russian Mar.1994 P. Gas,
F. oil
ST-3 210MW Shutdown Russian Feb.1995 P. Gas,
F. oil
ST-4 320MW 280MW China Dec.1996 P. Gas,
F. oil
ST-5 210MW Shutdown China Dec.1995 P. Gas,
F. oil
ST-6 210MW Shortage
of fuel oil
China Dec.1995 P. Gas,
F. oil
Tota
l
1370MW 625MW
Table 1.1 brief views of TPS units
5. 5
2.2 Phase#1 (Unit 1, 2 & 3)
This phaseconsist of three steam units each capable of generating
210MW electricity. The supplier started delivery of equipment to site
in January, 1989and after pre-assembly of equipmentat site,
erection started in July, 1990. Unit#1 wascommissioned in
September, 1993 and unit#2 in March, 1994.
Main Building:
It containsthe turbine hallhaving a span of 45m and dearatorbay,
12m wide. Thestem turbines which drive generators are of three
stage condensing typearranged transversely to the axis of turbine
hall. Theoperationalplatform is at elevation 12.6m and a
maintenancebay at ground flournear unit#1. Thepower plantis
designed block principle: boiler-turbine-generator-unit transformer.
The flue gasexhaustsection of two units is connected with a 200m
high stack, outer section of which is a 195m high concrete shell.
Combined Auxiliary Building:
The building is connected with the main building and it houses
water treatment plantto produce100t/h dematerialized water for
the replenishment of station losses. Hydrogen plantto provide
hydrogen forcooling of generator's r rotor, maintenanceshops,
laboratories, and central control room.
Fuel & Oil Facilities:
Fuel oil facilities are constructed for decanting, oil storage,
preparation and supply offuel to boiler nozzles. It also includes
HSD storage as well as oil facilities for reception, storage,
purification and centralized delivery of turbine oil and insulating oil
to power plant.
Hydraulic Structures:
The cooling water used in condensers is re-circulated in closed cycle
with indicated draft cooling towers, the water is being cooled for
each unit in two cooling towers each consisting of eight fans, two
6. 6
cooling towers carry 27,500Cum/h circulating water for condensers
of one unit.
Startup Boiler:
One startup boiler using diesel oil as fuel with steam outputof 50t/h
is provided to meet steam requirement for initial start of unit as
well as a backup of power plantauxiliaries. A separate stack of 30m
high has been constructed for it.
Electrical Part:
The electricity generated at 15.75 KV is broughtoutfrom unit
transformer at 220 KV and feed to the nationalgrid via a switch
yard. Powerplant auxiliaries are fed at 6.6 KV.
2.3 Phase#2(Units#5 & 6):
It consist of two units of 210MW each having equipmentsimilar to
phase#1. Turbinesare placed longitudinally in main building
outdoorboiler exhaustof two units is connected to onestack.
Overview:
There are many different types of power plantsincluding thermal
power plantsand hydelpower plants. Thermalpower plants use fuel
such as gas, HSD, furnaceoil or nuclear fuel to produceheat energy
that is converted to electrical energy through a series of intermediate
process. Hydelpower plantsconvert the potentialenergy of water to
electrical power as it follows from higherto lower elevations.
The "traditional" thermalpowerplantis the Rankin cycle plant
named after the man who invented the cycle. A power plantcycle is
a series of processes in which a fluid generally water/steam, is used
to convert heat energy to mechanicalenergy. TheRankin cycle in its
simplest form consists of a boiler, a turbine, a condenserand a boiler
feed pump. Early plantshad thermal efficiencies of approximately
25% to 30%. Only 25% to 30% of the heat energy in the fuel burned
in these plants was converted to electrical energy. Therest was lost
in variousways. The Rankin cycle has been refined considerably
over the years and mademore efficient by the addition of
7. 7
componentslike economizer, feed water heaters, super heaters and
re-heaters. The efficiency of Rankin cycle has also been improved by
increasing the pressure and temperature of the cycle. The laws of
thermodynamicsand considerationssuch as material limitation
haveprevented any significantimprovementsense then. Power
plants commonly useheat rate of measure efficiency.
Fuel
Energy
Boiler Heat
Energy
Turbine Mechanica
l energy
Generat
or
Electrical
energy
8. 8
3.Boiler
The boiler is the main part of any thermal power plant. It converts the
fuel energy into steam energy. The fuel may be furnace oil, diesel oil,
naturalgas or coal. Theboiler may be fire from the multiple fuels. The
types of boiler use in the T.P.S phase#2 is "watertube type"
3.1 Water Tube Boilers:
In water tube boilers, boiler water passes through thetubes while the
exhaustgasses remain in the shell side, passing over the tube surface,
since tubes can typically withstand higher internal pressure then the
large chamber shell in a fire tube, water tube boilers are used where
high steam pressure (as high as 3,000Psi)are required.
Water tube boilers are also capable of high efficiencies and can generate
saturated or superheated steam. The ability of water tube boilers to
generate superheated steam makes these boilers particularly attractive
in applicationsthat require dry, high-pressure, high-energy steam,
including steam turbine power generation.
3.2 Boiler Parameter:
Rated evaporating amount 680t/h
Reheat steam amount 575.8t/h
Main steam pressure 140Kg/𝒄𝒎 𝟐
g
Temperature 541°C
Outlet pressure of reheat system 23.8 Kg/𝒄𝒎 𝟐
g
Outlet temperature of reheat system 541°C
Inlet pressure of reheat system 25.8 Kg/𝒄𝒎 𝟐
g
Inlet temperature of reheat system 310°C
Feed water temperature 251°C
Boiler efficiency (Burn oil) 90.26%
Boiler efficiency (Burn gas) 85%
Exit gas temperature (Burn oil) 153°C
Exit gas temperature (Burn gas) 136°C
Consumptionofcrude oil 48.2t/h
Consumptionofnaturalgas 59650 N𝒎 𝟐
/h
9. 9
3.3 Main Parts of Boiler:
The boiler consists of following main parts:
1. Force Draft Fan (FDF)
2. Burners
3. Furnace
4. Up Rise Tube
5. Down ComerTube
6. Water Tube
7. SuperHeater
8. Gas Recirculation Fan (GRCF)
9. Re-Heater
10. Induced Draft Fan (IDF)
11. Air Pre-Heater
12. Chimney
13. Boiler Drum
14. Economizer
3.3.1 Force Draft Fan (FDF)
The force draft fan sucks the air from atmospherewhich is used in
the furnace for burning. Theair from the atmosphere is passed
through the filter to remove the dust and other particles from the air.
The air from the FDF is then fed to the regenerative heaters.
The motorof FDF hasfollowing specification:
Type KK 800 11-8
Rated voltage 6.6KV
Rated current 114/121.3A
Rated speed 747rpm
Output 1000KW
Connection of stator/rotor Y
Insulation class F
10. 10
Permissible rise 80K
Ambient temperature 40°C
No. of phases 3
Rated frequency 50Hz
Power factor 0.81
Degree of protection IP54
Momentof inertia 310 𝑲𝒈𝒎 𝟐
Weight 12020/13250Kg
3.3.2 Induced Draft Fan (IDF):
ID fan sucks the flue gases from the boiler and exhaustthrough
chimney.
The motorof ID fan hasfollowing specifications:
Type KK 800 11-6
Rated voltage 6.6KV
Rated current 20A
Rated speed 991rpm
Rated power 2000KW
Connection of stator winding 2Y
Insulation class F
Permissible rise 80K
Ambient temperature 40°C
No. of phases 3
Rated frequency 50Hz
Degree of protection IP54
Momentof inertia 410 𝑲𝒈𝒎 𝟐
Weight 15970 Kg
3.3.3 Gas recirculation fan (GRCF):
The motorof GRCF hasfollowing specification.
11. 11
Type KK 400 11-4
Rated voltage 6.6KV
Rated current 34A
Rated speed 1491rpm
Rated power 315KW
Connection of stator winding Y
Insulation class F
Permissible rise 70K
Ambient temperature 50°C
No. of phases 3
Rated frequency 50Hz
Degree of protection IP54
Momentof inertia 11.7 𝑲𝒈𝒎 𝟐
Weight 3200Kg
3.3.4 Cooling Towers:
Cooling towers are heat removaldevices used to transform process
waste heat to the atmosphere. Cooling tower may either use the
evaporation ofwater to remove process heat and cool the working
fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or relay solely on air to
cool the working fluid to dry –bulb air temperature. Common
application includescooling the circulating water used in oil refiner,
chemical plants and powerstation.
3.3.5 Circulating water pump motor:
The motorof the CWP has following specification:
Type Y1600-12/2150
Stator voltage 6.6KV
Rated current 182A
Rated speed 372rpm
Rated power 1600KW
Connection of stator winding 2Y
12. 12
Insulation class B
Ambient temperature 50°C
No. of phases 3
Rated frequency 50Hz
Weight 17500Kg
3.3.6 CW Pump:
Typeis single stage doublesuction centrifugal pump.
Type 1400S25-1
Capacity 16000𝒎 𝟑
/h
Speed 370rpm
Power 1600KW
Weight 35000Kg
Head 25m
NP SHR 8.5m
3.3.7 Air Pre-Heater:
The purposeof the air pre-heater is to recover heat from the boiler
flue gaswhich increases the thermal efficiency of the boiler by
reducing the useful heat lost in the flue gas. As a consequence the fuel
gases are also sent to the fuel gas stack (or chimney)at a lower
temperature, allowing simplified design of the ducting and the flue
gas stack. It also allows controlover the temperature of gases
leaving the stack.
3.3.8 Economizer:
Flue gases from large boilers are typically 450-650°F. Stack
economizerrecover some of this heat for pre-heating water. The
water is most often used for boiler make-up waterare some other
need that coincides with boiler operation. Stack economizersshould
13. 13
be considered as an efficiency measure when large amountsofmake-
up water are used (i.e. not all condensateis return to the boiler or
large amountoflive steam are used in the process so there is no
condensateto return) or there is a simultaneousneed for large
quantity of hot water for some other use. Thesavingspotential is
based on existing stack temperature, the volumeof make-up water
needed and the hours of operation.
3.4 Boiler Protection:
Fuel protection
Gas pressure protection
Diesel oil protection
Furnaceoil protection
FD fan trip
ID fan trip
Regenerative air pre-heating trip
Drum level high
Drum level low
Re-Heat steam pressure drop
Furnacepressure low
Furnaceflame out
Naturalgas pressure high
14. 14
4. Steam Turbine
Turbineis used to convert the heat energy into mechanicalenergy.
Turbine used in T.P.S MuzaffarGarh is impulse-reaction steam turbine.
The load requirement is controlled by the steam flow through a
governing valve. Maximum steam at full load is 670t/h. When the load
at generator is suddenly decreased then the rpm (frequency) of the
generator is increased and to decrease the frequency we lower down the
steam flow which decreases the speed and maintainsthe frequency.
If load is suddenly increased rotor speed becomes slower, to increase
the speed, steam flow is increased.
Steam turbine has three parts.
1. HP turbine
2. IP turbine
3. LP turbine
(To re-heater) (From HP Super-heater) (From re-heater)
Generator
Condenser
15. 15
4.1 HP (High Pressure) Turbine:
First of all steam from boiler comes into the HP turbine. Steam in the
HP turbine is called live steam or main steam. Rotorblades diameter of
this part of turbine is smallest of the other parts of the turbine .Inlet
steam temperature of the HP turbine is 540 °C and pressure is 130bar.
Outlet steam temperature of the HP turbine is 290°C and pressure is
15bar. HP turbine has total of 12 stages including oneis governing
stage.
4.2 IP (Intermediate Pressure) Turbine:
Steam comes into IP turbine from HP turbine via re-heaters. The steam
pressure in this section of turbine is 14barand temperature is 540°C.
This part has total of 10 pressure stages.
4.3 LP (Low Pressure) Turbine:
The outgoing steam of the IP turbine entered into the LP turbine.
Steam from the LP turbine goes into the condenser.
4.4 Steam Turbine Specification:
Maximum load 210MW
Live steam pressure 132bar
Live steam temperature 538°C
Rated speed 3000rpm
HP cycle exhausttemperature 310°C
HP cycle exhaustpressure 24bar
Re-Heat steam temperature 538°C
Re-Heat steam pressure 14bar
16. 16
4.5 Turbine Protection:
Lube oil pressure (low & high)
Vacuum drop
Live steam temperature drop
Axialshift displacement
Gas cooling pump tripping
HP heater level high
All FWP trip high vibration tripping
Trip unit by switch/emergency
5. Furnace Safeguard
Supervisory System (FSSS):
The FSSS station consists of the following parts:
Decanting area
Fuel oil tank
First lift pump
Main heater
Second lift pump
Diesel pumps
Recirculation pumps
Recirculation heater
Filters
Controlroom
5.1 Decanting Area:
The furnace oil that is used as a fuel in the burners of the boiler furnace
to producethe steam is transported to the TPS through two ways:
17. 17
o Oil tankers
o Train
Forunloadingofthe fuel from oil tankers and train there is separate
unloadingorde-canting station for each. The unload fueloil is initially
stored in the undergroundreservoir; from there it is filled in the main
storage tanks.
02 pumpsare used to fill the main storage tanks from the oil tankers
decanting area. One of them is active (on load)and other is standby.
5.2 Fuel Oil Tanks:
From the decanting area the furnace oil is filled in the storage tanks. From
there it is supplied to the burners of the boiler furnace after proper heating.
Usually one storage tank is called service tank, from there furnace oil is
supplied to the units. The furnace oil is filled in the other tanksfirst and
then filled in the service tank through recirculation pumps(RCP). Theoil
in the tanksis kept heated at the temperature 75-80°C. Thereare total 06
storage tanksfor furnace oil each having a volumeof 20,000𝒎 𝟑
henceeach
can store 2,00,00,000 litter. There are two diesel oil storage tankseach
having capacity of1000ton.
5.3 First Lift Pump:
First lift pump takesthe furnace oil from the service tank and supplied to
the main heaters. There are total 04 first lift pumpswhich are operated
according to unit load conditions. Thespecification of first lift pump
motor is as follows:
3 phase50Hz induction motor:
Connection Star
Power 55KW
Power factor 0.9
18. 18
Efficiency 90%
Voltage 230/400V
Speed 2950rpm
Current 177/102A
5.4 Main Heaters:
There are 04 main heaters each is connected to the respective first lift
pump. Themain heaters heat the furnace oil through the steam which
comes from the boiler. Steam is used to heat the oil in recirculation
heaters. Thesteam follows through thepipes which heats the oil outside
the tube. The temperature and pressure of the steam in the main heater is;
Temperature 270°C
Pressure 11-13bar
5.5 Second lift Pump:
Second lift pumpstake the furnace oil from the main heater and supply to
boiler of the units. There are 04 second lift pumpswhich are operated
according to the unitload conditions.
The temperature of oil that is supplied to the boiler is 105-120°C.
The specification of second lift pump motoris as:
3 phase50Hz induction motor:
Power 250KW
Voltage 6.6KV
Speed 2950rpm
Current 252A
19. 19
6. The Generator
The generatoris a device which converts the mechanicalenergy into
electrical energy.
6.1 Working Principle:
The working principleof generatoris based on the Faraday's law of
electromagnetic induction, which states that:
"Theelectromotive force is alwaysproduced in conductorwhich is placed
in the magneticfield when there is a relative motion between conductor
and the magnetic field".
If the outputelectrical energy is AC, it is called alternator. If the output
electrical energy is DC, it is called DC generator. In fact there is no
difference between alternator and Dc generator except the way the output
is obtained from the generator. In alternator the AC supply is produced in
the armatureand supply is obtained through slip rings where as in the DC
generator are generated AC supply is obtained from the armature through
the spilt rings or commutatorwhich converts the AC into DC. The
following three thingsare necessary for generation of electrical energy.
Magneticfield
Conductor
Relative motion between conductorand magneticfield
In the small generator the magnetic field is being produced in the stator
and the electromotive force is produced in the rotor through Faraday'slaw
of electromagnetic induction. Theelectromagnetic are used in the generator
to producethe magneticfield. In the large generator the magnetic field is
produced by the electromagnetic in the rotor and the electromagnetic force
is produced in the stator .the outputis taken from the rotor, the rotor must
20. 20
Havehigh insulation due to high voltageinduction and it must haveheavy
insulation which may increase the size of rotor, and require more power
for the prime moverto rotate to this heavy rotor
6.2 Main Generator Parameter:
6.2.1 Pilot Exciter:
Type Tfy-46-500
Rated voltage 93/161V
Rated current 286/165A
Rated speed 3000rpm
Rated power factor 0.875
Phase 3
Rated frequency 50Hz
Armature connection ∆/𝒀
Specification OEA.513.039
Manufacturing date 1993-3-1
Rated capacity 46KVA
6.2.2 Alternating Exciter:
Type T1-1165-4
Rated voltage 431V
Rated current 1562A
Rated speed 3000rpm
Rated power factor 0.91
Phase 3
Rated frequency 100Hz
Armature connection 𝒀
Specification OEA.513.039
Manufacturing date 1993-8-24
Rated capacity 1165KVA
21. 21
6.2.3 Turbine Generator Water Hydrogen Cooled:
Type QFSN-210-2
Rated capacity 246MVA
Rated output 210MW
Rated voltage 15.75KV
Rated current 9056A
Rated speed 3000rpm
Rated frequency 50Hz
Phase 3
Connection of stator winding 2-Y
Insulation class F
Power factor 0.85
Excitation voltage 289V
Excitation current 18.67A
Maximum inlet water temperature for stator winding 50°C
Maximum inlet cooling hydrogen 50°C
Water flow for stator winding 35m2/h
Rate H2 pressure 0.3MPa
Specification OEA.512.137
Manufacturing date 1993-2
6.3 Cooling System of Turbo Generator:
The first question arises here is that why we need cooling of the generator?
As the current flows in the stator and rotor of the generatoris very high so
it increases the temperature of the stator and rotor winding. Asthe result
the resistance of the stator and rotor windingsincreases which increase the
power losses and may cause the insulation breakdown.
Two types of cooling are used in the turbo generator of TPS phasesecond.
Stator cooling
Rotorcooling
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6.3.1 Stator Cooling:
The stator of the turbo generator is cooled by distillated or demineralized
water. For this purposea special plantis installed which prepares the
demineralized water for the stator cooling. This demi water is also used
for cooling system of the thirstier converts the water is passed through the
hollow conductorof stator winding for its cooling.
The demi water is necessary for the cooling of the stator winding because
raw water is not a pure insulator which may cause the flow of leakage
current when passed through statorwinding.
The demi water plant removes the impurities and minerals of the raw
water and make it good insulatorwhoseresistivity is taken at a minimum
level of 200K𝛀.cm. Thedemi water that process through the stator winding
absorbs the heat of stator winding makesit cool and becomes hot itself.
The demi water then passes through heatexchanger(coolers) where its
temperature is decreased by the circulating water coming from the cooling
towers. This demi water is also passed through themechanical and
magneticfilters before passing through stator winding and thirstier
converts.
6.3.2 Water Parameters in Heat Exchangers:
Rated temperature of cooled water at inlet 32°C
Minimum temperature of cold water 15°C
Number of gas heat exchangers 02
Rated water flow in on heat exchanger 150m3/h
6.3.3 Rotor Cooling:
The rotor cooling is doneby H2 gas. Hydrogen is used for the following
purposes:
Its heat exchangecapability is much better than other gases.
It is very lighter than other gases so do not overload the rotor.
Its preparation is very easy and cheap.
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Hydrogen gasis filled in the generatorand maintained ata pressure of
4Kg/cm2. It takes all the heat of the rotor and cools the rotor winding and
gets warmed it. For the cooling of the gas there are four gas cooler inside
the generatoron each corner. Circulating water of the cooling tower is used
in the gas cooler for hydrogencooling.
Hydrogen gasis explosive if it is combined with oxygen underpressure so
too avoid any leakageofgas and entrance of air inside the generatorthe
rotor assembly is sealed by the seal oil whose pressure is at least
0.7Kg/cm2 morethan hydrogen gasinsidethe generator.
When the generator is turned off for a long time for maintenancepurpose
hydrogen is released from the generator in the air using special method.
Method involvesthat firstly fill the generatorwith CO2 which release the
hydrogen in the air and then in the end air is filled in the generator and
CO2 is released in the air. This method is adopted because if hydrogen is
released using air instead of CO2 then it can cause explosion due to oxygen
in the air which will meet hydrogen underpressure in the generator. After
maintenancehydrogengasis refilled in the generatorusing the reverse
process as described above.
6.3.4 Water Parameters in Gas Cooler:
Rated temperature of cold water at inlet 32°C
Minimum temperature of cold water 15°C
Maximum waterpressure 3Kg/cm2
Number of gas cooler 04
Rated water flow in on gascooler 76.5m3/h
6.4 Protections of Generator:
The following protectionsare installed for the protection of the generator
in TPS.
a. Longitudinal Differential Current Protection:
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This system is intended to protect againstmultiphaseshort circuit in
generator stator winding and its leads including againstdoubleearth
fault, one of which being the generator.
b. Lateral Differential Current Protection:
This system is intended to protect againstturn-to-turn short circuit of one
phasein the generator stator winding.
c. Earth Fault Protection of Stator Winding:
This system is intended to reveal and disconnect onephase earth fault of
generator stator winding.
d. Differential Protection of the Unit:
This system is intended to backup longitudinaldifferential protection of
generator.
e. Negative Sequence Current Protection:
This system is intended to preventdamageof generatorincrease of
overloading by negativesequence current caused by asymmetric load or
external asymmetric short circuit and abnormaloperating condition of
power grid.
f. Over Current Protection Against Overloading of
Generator:
This system is intended for signaling atsymmetric overloading of
generator stator.
g. External Symmetrical Short Circuit Protection:
This system is intended to protect the generatoragainstexternal
symmetric short circuit.
h. Protection Against Asynchronous mode, when excitation
loss:
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This system is intended to protect againstasynchronousmode. Oneof the
elements of resistance block relay for protection of the unit against
external symmetrical short circuit used.
i. Protection of Generator Rotor Against Overloading:
This system is intended to protect againstoverloading underemergency
condition as well as increase of failure of generatorexcitation system
which cause long term flow of current of abnormalvaluealong the rotor
winding.
j. Earth Fault Protection In One Point of excitation Circuit:
This system is intended to protect the generatorincase of earth fault at one
pointof excitation circuit.
k. Protection Against Voltage Increase At Generator At Ideal
Operation:
This system is intended to preventin admissible increase in voltageat
turbo-generatorand transformer of unitduring ideal operation of the unit
incase of failure of excitation system.
l. Zero Sequence Current Protection:
This system is intended to backup protection at one phaseshort circuit in
220KV network. It is also used to backup unit protection when short
circuit at the 220KV sideof the unit.
m. Differential Protection of the Exciter:
This system is intended to protect againstall kind of short circuit in the
exciter winding and on its leads.
n. Over Current Protection of ExciterAgainst External Short
Circuit:
This system is intended to protect againstover current in the external
system of the exciter.