In computer graphics vectors perform the operations are...1.Rotati.pdf

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In computer graphics vectors perform the operations are... 1.Rotation 2.Movement 3.Mirroring 4.Stretching 5.Skewing 6.Combination of primitives into complex objects 7.Transformations include set operations. Solution In computer graphics vectors perform the operations are... 1.Rotation 2.Movement 3.Mirroring 4.Stretching 5.Skewing 6.Combination of primitives into complex objects 7.Transformations include set operations..

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Solution It is for the auditors and other people involved in the .pdf

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Ques-1: Answer: C. neutrophils Reason: Innate immune system is with first line of defense first come to combat against this infection. Neutrophiols are the host cell fist line defence factors, which act against S. aureus infection (myriad anti -immunity factors). The main immunological inflammatory factors that were involved in his tonsil swelling as follow. The Toll like receptors (TLRs) are signaling receptors, and their activation leading to enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils result in the generation of cytokines predominantly by macrophages at the site of infection followed by TLR s activation to present antigen to naïve T cells. This process of macropinocytosis (microbial engulfing) occur through TLRs that induces the dendritic cells maturation finally cell migration. Gram positive organisms live primarily on the surface of your external barriers but if they reach systemic circulation and cause infective endocarditis (eample,Staphylococcus aureus). Sometimes Gram- positive bacteria causes’ disease inside the body, i.e. S. aureus cause septic arthritis inside the body. Increased risk of disease resulted if they became resistant to antibiotics due to release of immunosppressant virulent exotoxins and endotoxins. Solution Ques-1: Answer: C. neutrophils Reason: Innate immune system is with first line of defense first come to combat against this infection. Neutrophiols are the host cell fist line defence factors, which act against S. aureus infection (myriad anti -immunity factors). The main immunological inflammatory factors that were involved in his tonsil swelling as follow. The Toll like receptors (TLRs) are signaling receptors, and their activation leading to enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils result in the generation of cytokines predominantly by macrophages at the site of infection followed by TLR s activation to present antigen to naïve T cells. This process of macropinocytosis (microbial engulfing) occur through TLRs that induces the dendritic cells maturation finally cell migration. Gram positive organisms live primarily on the surface of your external barriers but if they reach systemic circulation and cause infective endocarditis (eample,Staphylococcus aureus). Sometimes Gram- positive bacteria causes’ disease inside the body, i.e. S. aureus cause septic arthritis inside the body. Increased risk of disease resulted if they became resistant to antibiotics due to release of immunosppressant virulent exotoxins and endotoxins..

Ques-1 Answer C. neutrophilsReasonInnate immune system is wit.pdf

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relation between concentration and cell potential is given as Ecell = Eocell - (0.059/n) ln Q where Q = concentration of product / concentration of substrate Ecell =0.77 - ln (3e-4 / 4e-3) = 0.77 - ln 3 + ln4 +1 = - 0.70 eV ANSWER Solution relation between concentration and cell potential is given as Ecell = Eocell - (0.059/n) ln Q where Q = concentration of product / concentration of substrate Ecell =0.77 - ln (3e-4 / 4e-3) = 0.77 - ln 3 + ln4 +1 = - 0.70 eV ANSWER.

relation between concentration and cell potential is given as Ecel.pdf

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Part I Identifying Your Customer’s Needs and Goals Chapter 1 Analyzing Business Goals and Constraints Chapter 2 Analyzing Technical Goals and Tradeoffs Chapter 3 Characterizing the Existing Internetwork Chapter 4 Characterizing Network Traffic Chapter 1 Analyzing Business Goals and Constraints This chapter serves as an introduction to the rest of the book by describing top-down network design. The first section explains how to use a systematic, top-down process when designing computer networks for your customers. Depending on your job, your customers might consist of other departments within your company, those to whom you are trying to sell products, or clients of your consulting business. After describing the methodology, this chapter focuses on the first step in top-down network design: analyzing your customer’s business goals. Business goals include the capability to run network applications to meet corporate business objectives, and the need to work within business constraints, such as budgets, limited networking personnel, and tight timeframes. This chapter also covers an important business constraint that some people call the eighth layer of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model: workplace politics. To ensure the success of your network design project, you should gain an understanding of any corporate politics and policies at your customer’s site that could affect your project. The chapter concludes with a checklist to help you determine if you have addressed the business issues in a network design project. Using a Top-Down Network Design Methodology According to Albert Einstein: “The world we’ve made as a result of the level of thinking we have done thus far creates problems that we cannot solve at the same level at which we created them.” To paraphrase Einstein, networking professionals have the ability to create networks that are so complex that when problems arise they can’t be solved using the same sort of thinking that was used to create the networks. Add to this the fact that each upgrade, patch, and modification to a network can also be created using complex and sometimes 4 Top-Down Network Design convoluted thinking, and you soon realize that the result is a network that is hard to understand and troubleshoot. A network created with this complexity often doesn’t perform as well as expected, doesn’t scale as the need for growth arises (as it almost always does), and doesn’t match a customer’s requirements. A solution to this problem is to use a streamlined, systematic methodology in which the network or upgrade is designed in a top-down fashion. Many network design tools and methodologies in use today resemble the “connect-thedots” game that some of us played as children. These tools let you place internetworking devices on a palette and connect them with LAN or WAN media. The problem with this methodology is that it skips the steps of analyzing a customer’s requirements and selecting devices and media based on .

Part I Identifying Your Customer’s Needs and Goals Chapter 1 A.pdf

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PrintTest.java import java.util.Scanner; public class PrintTest { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println(\"Enter the value :\"); int n = scan.nextInt(); for(int i =0; i Solution PrintTest.java import java.util.Scanner; public class PrintTest { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println(\"Enter the value :\"); int n = scan.nextInt(); for(int i =0; i.

PrintTest.java import java.util.Scanner;public class PrintTest.pdf

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Existence of hydrogen bonding increases boiling p.pdf

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JellyBean.java package jellybeantester; public class JellyBean { //These are the 3 instance variables of a JellyBean object: private String flavor; private String color; private boolean eatMe; /** * The purpose of this constructor is to move the parameters passed to the constructor * into the instance variables of the JellyBean object The 2 parameters are: * @param aFlavor * @param aColor */ public JellyBean(String aFlavor, String aColor) { //Initialize each of the instance variables of the JellyBean object with the parameters passed to the constructor //Then, set eatMe attribute to false this.flavor=aFlavor; this.color=aColor; } //Setters and getters. public String getFlavor() { return flavor; } public String getColor() { return color; } public void setColor(String color) { this.color = color; } public boolean isEatMe() { return eatMe; } public void setEatMe(boolean eatMe) { this.eatMe = eatMe; } public void setFlavor(String aFlavor) { flavor = aFlavor; } /** * * @return a String representation of all the attributes in the JellyBean class */ public String toString() { return \"\ Flavour = \"+getFlavor()+\"\ Color = \"+getColor()+\"\ Eat Me = \"+isEatMe()+\"\ \"; } } ______________________________________________ JellyBeanTester.java package jellybeantester; import java.util.Scanner; public class JellyBeanTester { // These are the 3 global variables that will each hold a JellyBean object. These variables // can be accessed by any method in the tester class because they are global. static JellyBean jb1; static JellyBean jb2; static JellyBean jb3; static Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in); /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { createJellyBeanBag(); processJellyBeanBag(); } /** * The createJellyBeanBag method will ask the user for input, and will * use that input to create 3 JellyBean objects. */ public static void createJellyBeanBag() { String userInputJBColor; String userInputJBFlavor; //Ask the user to enter the color of the first jelly bean object, and save their answer in userInputJBColor: System.out.print(\"Enter the Color of the First Jelly Bean :\"); userInputJBColor=sc.next(); //Ask the user to enter the flavor of the first jelly bean object, and save their answer in userInputJBFlavor: System.out.print(\"Enter the Flavour of First the Jelly Bean :\"); userInputJBFlavor=sc.next(); //Instantiate a JellyBean object using the userInputJBFlavor and userInputJBColor: jb1 = new JellyBean(userInputJBFlavor, userInputJBColor); //Ask the user to enter the color of the second jelly bean object, and save their answer in userInputJBColor: System.out.print(\"\ Enter the Color of the second Jelly Bean :\"); userInputJBColor=sc.next(); //Ask the user to enter the flavor of the second jelly bean object, and save their answer in userInputJBFlavor: System.out.print(\"Enter the Flavour of Second the Jelly Bean :\"); userInputJBFlavor=sc.next(); //Instantiate a JellyBean object using the userInputJBFlavor an.

JellyBean.javapackage jellybeantester;public class JellyBean {.pdf

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In present DNA microarray technology, the different test-samples are pre-tagged with different kind of fluorescnet tags whose intensity is automatically monitored by a computed software. This software not only captures the signal from the array, but also quantizes the intensity of this signal into a calculated number. This number deciphers the extent of expression levels of the gene to which the fluorphore was attached to. Here, the most crucial step is to detemine where the signal is coming from and if the signal is present or not. Since a microarray contains millions of array data points, it is not possible for normal human eyes to differentiate between two spots based upon their color and intensity. It is not even required ot perform this function manually because millions of data points cannot be quantized by human eye. Thus, the software is initially informed the emission and excitation wavelengths of the fluorophores and thus, the laser equipped in the detection system automatically records and quantizes the signal intensity without minutest involvement of human. Thus, is does not matter if the researcher has normal vision or is a color blind, the data acquisition will be performed solely by the software. Thus it is possible for a person who is colorblind to successfully interpret a microarray scan becuase the data will be quantized into numerical format in the end. Solution In present DNA microarray technology, the different test-samples are pre-tagged with different kind of fluorescnet tags whose intensity is automatically monitored by a computed software. This software not only captures the signal from the array, but also quantizes the intensity of this signal into a calculated number. This number deciphers the extent of expression levels of the gene to which the fluorphore was attached to. Here, the most crucial step is to detemine where the signal is coming from and if the signal is present or not. Since a microarray contains millions of array data points, it is not possible for normal human eyes to differentiate between two spots based upon their color and intensity. It is not even required ot perform this function manually because millions of data points cannot be quantized by human eye. Thus, the software is initially informed the emission and excitation wavelengths of the fluorophores and thus, the laser equipped in the detection system automatically records and quantizes the signal intensity without minutest involvement of human. Thus, is does not matter if the researcher has normal vision or is a color blind, the data acquisition will be performed solely by the software. Thus it is possible for a person who is colorblind to successfully interpret a microarray scan becuase the data will be quantized into numerical format in the end..

In present DNA microarray technology, the different test-samples are.pdf

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copper iodide are incompatible in oxidising media.pdf

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Dirac theorem: For a simple network with n 3 vertices, if each vertex has degree at least n/2 (i.e., ki n/2, i), then the network has a Hamiltonian cycle,. Proof: Let G be the connected graph Let L = (i1,iL) = (i1, i2, . . . , iL) be the longest path. The neighbors of vertex i1 must lie on (i1, iL); the same is true for vertex iL, since if say i is not a neighbour, i i1 i2 ...iiL would be the longest path contradicting our selection of the longest path. The same for iL also. So both i1 and iL are adjacent to vertices in the longest path L only, Since degree of i1>k/2 and i1 is not adjacent to itself, k> n/2 +1 Let us assume a claim There is some value of j (1jk) such that: Incase claim is not true, Since all vertices adjacent to L1 or Lk lie on L, there must be at least deg(L1) vertices on P not adjacent to Lk. Since all the vertices adjacent to Lk and pk itself also lie on P, the path must have at least deg(L1)+deg(Lk)+1n+1 vertices. But L has only n vertices: a contradiction. This gives a cycle C=Lj+1Lj+2…LkLjLj1…L2L1Lj+1. Suppose LC is nonempty. Then since L is connected, there must be a vertex vGC adjacent to some Li. So the path from v to Li and then around C to the vertex adjacent to Li is longer than L, contradicting the definition of L. Hence our assumption/claim is true. Therefore all vertices in L are contained in C, making C a Hamilton cycle. Solution Dirac theorem: For a simple network with n 3 vertices, if each vertex has degree at least n/2 (i.e., ki n/2, i), then the network has a Hamiltonian cycle,. Proof: Let G be the connected graph Let L = (i1,iL) = (i1, i2, . . . , iL) be the longest path. The neighbors of vertex i1 must lie on (i1, iL); the same is true for vertex iL, since if say i is not a neighbour, i i1 i2 ...iiL would be the longest path contradicting our selection of the longest path. The same for iL also. So both i1 and iL are adjacent to vertices in the longest path L only, Since degree of i1>k/2 and i1 is not adjacent to itself, k> n/2 +1 Let us assume a claim There is some value of j (1jk) such that: Incase claim is not true, Since all vertices adjacent to L1 or Lk lie on L, there must be at least deg(L1) vertices on P not adjacent to Lk. Since all the vertices adjacent to Lk and pk itself also lie on P, the path must have at least deg(L1)+deg(Lk)+1n+1 vertices. But L has only n vertices: a contradiction. This gives a cycle C=Lj+1Lj+2…LkLjLj1…L2L1Lj+1. Suppose LC is nonempty. Then since L is connected, there must be a vertex vGC adjacent to some Li. So the path from v to Li and then around C to the vertex adjacent to Li is longer than L, contradicting the definition of L. Hence our assumption/claim is true. Therefore all vertices in L are contained in C, making C a Hamilton cycle..

Dirac theoremFor a simple network with n 3 vertices, if each ver.pdf

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Construction Supervisor Responsibilities: Completes construction projects by planning, organizing, and controlling projects; completing quality inspections; supervising sub-contractors and staff. Construction Supervisor Duties: Solution Construction Supervisor Responsibilities: Completes construction projects by planning, organizing, and controlling projects; completing quality inspections; supervising sub-contractors and staff. Construction Supervisor Duties:.

Construction Supervisor ResponsibilitiesCompletes construction pr.pdf

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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the protocol which is used to make core routing decisions on the Internet; it involves a table of IP networks or \"prefixes\" which designate network reach-ability among autonomous systems (AS). BGP is a path vector protocol, or a variant of a Distance-vector routing protocol. BGP does not involve traditional Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) metrics, but routing decisions are made based on path, network policies, and/or rule-sets. For this reason, it is more appropriately termed a reach-ability protocol rather than routing protocol. BGP was created to replace the Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) to allow fully decentralized routing in order to transition from the core ARPAnet model to a decentralized system that included the NSFNET backbone and its associated regional networks. This allowed the Internet to become a truly decentralized system. Since 1994, version four of the BGP has been in use on the Internet. All previous versions are now obsolete. The major enhancement in version 4 was support of Classless Inter-Domain Routing and use of route aggregation to decrease the size of routing tables. Since January 2006, version 4 is codified in RFC 4271, which went through more than 20 drafts based on the earlier RFC 1771 version 4. RFC 4271 version corrected a number of errors, clarified ambiguities and brought the RFC much closer to industry practices. Most Internet service providers must use BGP to establish routing between one another (especially if they are multihomed). Therefore, even though most Internet users do not use it directly, BGP is one of the most important protocols of the Internet. Compare this with Signaling System 7 (SS7), which is the inter-provider core call setup protocol on the PSTN. Very large private IP networks use BGP internally. An example would be the joining of a number of large OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) networks where OSPF by itself would not scale to size. Another reason to use BGP is multihoming a network for better redundancy, either to multiple access points of a single ISP (RFC 1998), or to multiple ISPs. Solution Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the protocol which is used to make core routing decisions on the Internet; it involves a table of IP networks or \"prefixes\" which designate network reach-ability among autonomous systems (AS). BGP is a path vector protocol, or a variant of a Distance-vector routing protocol. BGP does not involve traditional Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) metrics, but routing decisions are made based on path, network policies, and/or rule-sets. For this reason, it is more appropriately termed a reach-ability protocol rather than routing protocol. BGP was created to replace the Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) to allow fully decentralized routing in order to transition from the core ARPAnet model to a decentralized system that included the NSFNET backbone and its associated regional networks. This allowed the Internet to become a truly decentralize.

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the protocol whi.pdf

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Answer:- The hierarchical aspect of the Ip addresses:network -host parts of the address.This allows routers to \'route\' network address only. IP addresses include the network/subnet, so that interfaces on differentnetworks must have different network portions of the address.Alternatively ,addresses include location information and different interfaces are at different locations , topologically. All host attached to the same network have the same network part of their IP address.The host part identifies that host uniquely on the network point-to-point interfaces can be assigned a duplicate address because the other endpoint of the lint doesnt use the address to reach the interface ;it just sends .Such interfaces ,however ,cannot be addressed by any other host in the network. Solution Answer:- The hierarchical aspect of the Ip addresses:network -host parts of the address.This allows routers to \'route\' network address only. IP addresses include the network/subnet, so that interfaces on differentnetworks must have different network portions of the address.Alternatively ,addresses include location information and different interfaces are at different locations , topologically. All host attached to the same network have the same network part of their IP address.The host part identifies that host uniquely on the network point-to-point interfaces can be assigned a duplicate address because the other endpoint of the lint doesnt use the address to reach the interface ;it just sends .Such interfaces ,however ,cannot be addressed by any other host in the network..

Answer-The hierarchical aspect of the Ip addressesnetwork -host .pdf

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Aedes albopictus, Psorophora ciliate, floodwater mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti mosquito, culicinae, Psorophora, Mansonia and Yellow fever mosquito are some of the disease spreading species found in Florida and reported that currently 80 species of mosquitoes occurs in Florida and 33 species is capable of causing pest problems and 13 species transmits the pathogens. Most effective control measures for mosquitoes, is to drain all sources of stagnating water, so that they cannot breed and try to drain out the garbage cans, pool covers, house gutters, toys flower pots etc and try to dispose the old tires, drums etc and change bird baths frequently and keep the house with screens closed all the time, no broken screens. Ask people and children to wear long pants, long sleeves etc and wear socks and shoes. Apply mosquito repellent to bare skin and use repellents with DEET, neem oil, lemon eucalyptus oil, picaridins and IR3535. Ponds and lakes will have stagnant water and will have steep slope and shallow, so mosquito breeding will be high here, circulate the water by artificial fountains and spray mosquito-killing chemicals like Malathion (adulticide-kills adult mosquitoes) and Scourge (kills mosquitoes). How much every possible keep the swamp sites dry and in agricultural land, after crop harvesting, drain out the water completely and use the pesticides in such a way it can also kill the mosquitoes. Solution Aedes albopictus, Psorophora ciliate, floodwater mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti mosquito, culicinae, Psorophora, Mansonia and Yellow fever mosquito are some of the disease spreading species found in Florida and reported that currently 80 species of mosquitoes occurs in Florida and 33 species is capable of causing pest problems and 13 species transmits the pathogens. Most effective control measures for mosquitoes, is to drain all sources of stagnating water, so that they cannot breed and try to drain out the garbage cans, pool covers, house gutters, toys flower pots etc and try to dispose the old tires, drums etc and change bird baths frequently and keep the house with screens closed all the time, no broken screens. Ask people and children to wear long pants, long sleeves etc and wear socks and shoes. Apply mosquito repellent to bare skin and use repellents with DEET, neem oil, lemon eucalyptus oil, picaridins and IR3535. Ponds and lakes will have stagnant water and will have steep slope and shallow, so mosquito breeding will be high here, circulate the water by artificial fountains and spray mosquito-killing chemicals like Malathion (adulticide-kills adult mosquitoes) and Scourge (kills mosquitoes). How much every possible keep the swamp sites dry and in agricultural land, after crop harvesting, drain out the water completely and use the pesticides in such a way it can also kill the mosquitoes..

Aedes albopictus, Psorophora ciliate, floodwater mosquitoes, Aedes a.pdf

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Ans.)C) Lower right-hand corner (Ruderal) In climates where streams are subject to recurrent flash floods that rub the stream bed, removing nearly all of the vegetation. Few plants grow in well-lit stream channels. And these are ruderal. Ruderal plants have the ability to grow and colonize in disturbed lands. Solution Ans.)C) Lower right-hand corner (Ruderal) In climates where streams are subject to recurrent flash floods that rub the stream bed, removing nearly all of the vegetation. Few plants grow in well-lit stream channels. And these are ruderal. Ruderal plants have the ability to grow and colonize in disturbed lands..

Ans.)C) Lower right-hand corner (Ruderal)In climates where streams.pdf

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All chordates possess the same four structures in the early embryo. What are they? Characteristics OF CHORDATES Four unmistakable determined attributes of chordates recognize them from their precursors: A. Notochord, or a bar of vacuolated cells, encased by a firm sheath that falsehoods ventral to the neural tube in vertebrate fetuses and a few grown-ups. B. Empty nerve rope that falsehoods dorsal to the notochord C. Pharyngeal pockets D. Endostyle - extended section in the pharynx floor of protochordates that may create as the thyroid organ in chordates In the subphylum Vertebrata, all individuals have the four chordate qualities eventually being developed, however frequently these structures are adjusted fundamentally in grown-up creatures. These four attributes might be found in a portion of the predecessors of chordates and are normally put in a casual gathering called Protochordates. These serve as living representations of the missing fossils in vertebrate advancement. What are the differences between deuterostome, and chordate, and amniote? Provide examples from lab of each of these. Can animal fall in to more than one of these categories? Which categories do human fall into? deuterostome, chordate amniote The name deuterostome signifies \"mouth second\", and alludes to one vital formative element exceptional to this gathering. Deuterostomes are any individuals from a superphylum of creatures. It is a sister clade of Protostomia, with which it shapes the Nephrozoa clade. Deuterostomia is a subtaxon of the Bilateria branch of the subkingdom Eumetazoa, inside Animalia, and are recognized from protostomes by their embryonic improvement; in deuterostomes, the principal opening (the blastopore) turns into the butt, while in protostomes, it turns into the mouth. Most deuterostomes show uncertain cleavage, in which the formative destiny of the cells in the creating fetus are not controlled by the personality of the parent cell. In this manner, if the initial four cells are isolated, every cell is equipped for shaping an entire little hatchling; and if a cell is expelled from the blastula, alternate cells will adjust. In deuterostomes the mesoderm frames as evaginations of the created gut that squeeze off, shaping the coelom. This is called enterocoely. lancelets, four-limbed vertebrates - well evolved creatures, reptiles, creatures of land and water, and birds,sea stars and weak stars) Chordates are creatures having a notochord, an empty dorsal nerve string, pharyngeal openings, an endostyle, and a post-butt-centric tail for at any rate some time of their life cycles. The Chordata, together with sister clade Ambulacraria, shape the deuterostomes as in the incipient organism improvement organize the rear-end frames before the mouth. Systematically, the phylum incorporates the subphyla Vertebrata, which incorporates angle, creatures of land and water, reptiles, winged animals, and warm blooded creatures; Tunicata, which incorporates salps and o.

All chordates possess the same four structures in the early embryo. .pdf

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a) False (because it is not always the case). Many electronegative anions are more stable by themselves andwon\'t form strong acids (such as HF). However some larger anions,like Cl-, form stronger acids such as HCl. A strong acid mustbe able to give off the hydrogen easily so if A is veryelectronegative, it wont dissociate. For example, HF is less acidic than HBr (even though Fis more electronegative than Br) b) False. Weak H-A bonds create strong acids. Strong acids haveprotons that can break off easily. c) True. (F is more electronegative and has a smaller diameter soweaker acid) d) True. Chloric acid is a strong acid, and hypochlorous acid is aweak acid. e) False. The H+ dissociates more easily from the BrO- because adense electron cloud surrounds the O-H bond. f) False. More electronegative substitutions on carboxylic acidsincrease the acidity through inductive effects. Solution a) False (because it is not always the case). Many electronegative anions are more stable by themselves andwon\'t form strong acids (such as HF). However some larger anions,like Cl-, form stronger acids such as HCl. A strong acid mustbe able to give off the hydrogen easily so if A is veryelectronegative, it wont dissociate. For example, HF is less acidic than HBr (even though Fis more electronegative than Br) b) False. Weak H-A bonds create strong acids. Strong acids haveprotons that can break off easily. c) True. (F is more electronegative and has a smaller diameter soweaker acid) d) True. Chloric acid is a strong acid, and hypochlorous acid is aweak acid. e) False. The H+ dissociates more easily from the BrO- because adense electron cloud surrounds the O-H bond. f) False. More electronegative substitutions on carboxylic acidsincrease the acidity through inductive effects..

a) False (because it is not always the case).Many electronegative .pdf

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1.The Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model has seven layers.The model partitions a communication system into abstraction layers. The original version of the model defined seven layers.OSI means Open Systems Interconnectionis reference model for how applications can communicate over a network This article describes and explains them, beginning with the lowest in the hierarchy the physical and proceeding to the highest the application. The layers are stay in this way: Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical features osi model: If network communications need to happen with out any trouble, many problems must be solved. Coordinating all these problems are so complex and not easy to manage. Big picture of communication over network is understandable through this OSI model. We can understand new technologies as they are developed. Troubleshooting is easier by separate network. 2. the Data process that takes placethe message from one host to another cab be done as such: The data to be passed from one host to another can be composed at the first top layer of the passing device layer N into a protocol data unit. The protocal data unit is passed to next layer, where it is known as the service data unit. At next layer let us consider that layer be N-1 the service data unit is observed the with a header,a footer,some times both,producing a layer next protocal data unit. It is then passed to layer next layer N-2. The process repeated until reaching the lower level,from which the data is transmitted to the receiving device. At the receiving device the data is passed from the lowest to the highest layer as a series of SDUs while being successively stripped from each layer\'s header and/or footer, until reaching the topmost layer, where the last of the data is consumed. 3. ISO 1.OSI is a generic, protocol independent standard, acting as a communication gateway between the network and end user. 2.OSI is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a computing or telecommunication system irrespective of their underlying structure and technology being used. 3.OSI is a reference model. 4.The OSI model consists of 7 architectural layers TCp/IP 1. TCP/IP model is based on standard protocols around which the Internet has developed. It is a communication protocol, which allows connection of hosts over a network. 2.TCP/IP is a core protocol of the Internet Protocol Suite (IPS). It is the basic communication language or protocol of the internet. It can be used as a communications protocol in a private network either an intranet or an extranet 3.TCP/IP is an implementation of OSI model. 4.The tcp/ip can contains only 4 laters 4.1.network inerface layer:The most widely-known Application layer protocols are those used for the exchange of user information. 2.internet layer:The Internet layer is responsible for addressing, packaging, and routing functions. The core protocols of the Internet layer are I.

1.The Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model has seven layers.The mod.pdf

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(1) ACQUISITION EXPENSES Acquirers may incur millions in direct and indirect costs finding targets, gathering and analyzing information, seeking funds and negotiating deals. The question is how to report these costs. Current GAAP . These costs are deferred by adding them to the purchase price. In all likelihood, they increase recorded goodwill, where they remain until and unless impairment is recognized. Deficiency . Although pre-transaction costs are necessary, they don’t add value to acquired assets (including goodwill) and they are not assets on their own. It’s questionable whether putting them on a balance sheet is useful. New standard . Statement no. 141(R) follows the tenet that only real assets should be recorded for a combination. Because acquisition-related costs are not assets, they will be charged to expense. Exhibit 1 shows them being moved off the statement of financial position and onto the income statement (2) BARGAIN PURCHASE GAIN In rare circumstances, an acquirer strikes a favorable deal and pays less than the aggregate fair value of purchased net assets. These transactions raise two issues—at what amounts should individual assets and liabilities be recorded, and is it useful to recognize a bargain purchase gain? Current GAAP. The excess value is considered “negative goodwill.” Because of its focus on cost, current practice selectively reduces certain asset carrying values until the aggregate total equals the purchase price. (In very rare circumstances, any unallocated difference is treated as an extraordinary gain.) Deficiency. The balance sheet underreports the value at hand and available to management for earning returns. In addition, management’s successful negotiation is not immediately reflected in reported income. New standard. Acquired assets and liabilities will be recorded at fair value and any excess over the purchase price will be credited to a gain that flows to the income statement, net of deferred taxes. The outcome will likely be more complete and useful statements of financial position and income. (3) CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION In major transactions such as combinations, sizable spreads initially exist between amounts buyers and sellers offer to pay and accept. One way to close that gap is contingent consideration arrangements in which, depending on future events, a buyer agrees to pay an additional amount or a seller agrees to refund part of the purchase price. Because contingencies can be difficult to pin down, many issues have been raised about their financial statement effects. Current GAAP. Most contingent consideration arrangements are ignored in determining the recorded price. When additional payments based on earnings targets occur, their amounts are added to goodwill. If payments are tied to stock price changes, paid-in capital is credited. If refunds are received, the buyer reduces goodwill or paid-in capital. Deficiency. In these circumstances, not immediately recognizing the contingent assets or li.

(1) ACQUISITION EXPENSES Acquirers may incur millions in direct an.pdf

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#include #include #include #include #include \"textFile.hpp\" using namespace std; void displayHelp(); bool isInteger(const string &s); bool askSave(); int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { int resultCode = 0; // Convert to a vector. vector args(argv, argv + argc); // Process arguments, must be 1 argument, otherwise exit with code 1. if (args.size() < 2) { cout << \"Missing command line argument!\" << endl; cout << \"Usage: ./myEditor \" << endl; resultCode = 1; } else { string fileName = args[1]; textFile dataFile(fileName); // Check if the file is ok to use, if it is, lets go. if (!dataFile.checkFile()) { resultCode = 2; } else { // We can now assume the file is good, so we can work with it. dataFile.loadFile(); // Display some text to help the user. displayHelp(); // Now get user input. bool done = false; string userInput = \"\"; while (!done) { cout << \"> \"; getline(cin, userInput); char cmd = tolower(userInput.c_str()[0]); char cmd2 = \' \'; if (userInput.size() > 1) { cmd2 = userInput.c_str()[1]; } // This check makes sure the command format is correct // so that commands don\'t fire off by mistake. if (strncmp(&cmd, \" \", 1) != 0 && strncmp(&cmd2, \" \", 1) == 0) { switch(cmd) { case \'q\': { done = true; break; } case \'i\': { unsigned long lineIndex = dataFile.textLines() + 1; string newLine; if (userInput.size() > 1) { string cmdArg = userInput.substr(2); lineIndex = stol(cmdArg); } cout << to_string(lineIndex) << \"> \"; getline(cin, newLine); dataFile.insertLine(lineIndex - 1, newLine); break; } case \'d\': { if (userInput.size() > 1) { unsigned long lineIndex; string cmdArg = userInput.substr(2); lineIndex = stol(cmdArg); dataFile.removeLine(lineIndex - 1); } break; } case \'l\': { for (int x = 0; x < dataFile.textLines(); x++) { cout << to_string(x + 1) << \"> \" << dataFile.getLine(x) << endl; } break; } case \'h\': { displayHelp(); break; } case \'s\': { dataFile.saveFile(); break; } } } } // Ask about saving the file before exiting. bool save = askSave(); if (save) { dataFile.saveFile(); } cout << \"Thank you for using myEditor.\" << endl; } } return resultCode; } /* Asks the user if they\'d like to save or not, returns true if they do. Anything other than \"y\" or \"Y\" will be interpreted as a negative answer. */ bool askSave() { bool result = false; string userInput = \"\"; cout << \"Do you wan to save the change? (Y - yes; N - no) \"; getline(cin, userInput); userInput = tolower(*userInput.c_str()); if (strncmp(userInput.c_str(), \"y\", 1) == 0) { result = true; } return result; } /* Displays help text. */ void displayHelp() { cout << \"Welcome to my text editor.\" << endl; cout << \"\\tTo insert text at the end of the file, type \'I\'\" << endl; cout << \"followed by the text.\" << endl; cout << \"\\tTo insert text at a certain line number, type \'I\'\" << endl; cout << \"followed by a space and the desired line number.\" << endl; cout << \"\\tTo delete a line, type \'D\' followed by a space and the\" << endl; cou.

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