1) The document proposes using digital technology and platforms to help address clashes between farmers and herdsmen in Nigeria over land and resources. It suggests creating platforms for citizen engagement, adopting digital currency, and providing skills training and startup funding for improved livestock farming. 2) A key part of the proposal is establishing an "Automation, Training and Mentorship Programme" using e-commerce platforms, digital currency, and technologies like animal tracking to bring greater efficiency, inclusion, and innovation to the livestock and dairy industries. 3) The role of governments and development partners would be to set up funds to support herdsmen and ranching, establish advisory councils, license milk collection centers, and regulate digital currency through

1. 0
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON LIVESTOCK FARMING:
A GLOBAL FORWARD THINKING SOLUTION TO THE INCESSANT CLASHES BETWEEN FARMERS AND HERDSMEN IN NIGERIA
Digital Dividends: Strengthening the Analog
Foundation of the Digital Revolution.
An initiative of the World Bank Group
ADESHILE, ADEDEJI RICHARD
.. An ICT Driven Agric-Economy, A Win-Win Catalyst for:
• Commercial Returns to Farmers and other Private Investors
• Social Returns to Governments at All Levels

2. 1
Background
The incessant clashes among the Herdsmen, the Farmers and the entire host Communities resulted to global outcry and development
need to mitigate inherent threat to Food Security and humanity due to degenerating impacts of climate change and Community
unrest. The threat also gives negative outlook on Governments efforts to making Agriculture a key alternative to non-oil revenue
generation1.
The Questions are - Why can’t the Governments:
1. Create a Citizen Engagement2 platform where all Dairy stakeholders can table all issues in the livestock farming sub-sector and
proffer progressive solution to addressing the humanitarian crisis real quick?
2. Advocate and fast-track the regulatory framework3 for Digital Currency as an alternative to conventional funding mechanism?
3. Demonstrate win-win solutions through creation of cost-effective platforms for improving skills4; providing support Fund for ranching
start-up financing, animal feeds and disease control- while advancing the possibility of both commercial returns in the long run vis-
à-vis social returns in the short and long run?
1 Threat to humanity as deduced from “Nigeria’s Herdsmen and Farmers are locked in a deadly, forgotten conflict”- an article published online by Newsweek on 20 April 2016 (See
http://www.newsweek.com/nigerias-herdsmen-and-farmers-are-locked-deadly-underreported-conflict-450293).
2 Citizens Engagement – A Game Changer for Development? (See https://olc.worldbank.org/about-olc/citizen-engagement-game-changer-development).
3 Regulation as one of the fundamentals of Digital Technology (World Development Report- 2016)
4 Improved Skills as one of the fundamentals of Digital Technology (World Development Report- 2016)

3. 2
Process & Documentation- ‘Automation, Training and Mentorship -Programme’-ATM-P
SME
VENDORS
SME
WHOLE
SALES
Process & Documentation-’ATM-P’ SME
RETAIL
SALES
FINAL
CONSUMERS
DAIRY PLANT
Digital Economy- The Tripartite Mechanism
Source: Business Concept developed by Adeshile, Adedeji Richard (2014)
and submitted for the Mandela Washington Fellowship Programme (as modified)
INCLUSION (WDR-2016)
Breaking Barriers to Market Entry:
 Non-farmers benefits from the
Value Chain.
 Farmers in rural areas are
visible using mobile phones
and internets.
EFFICIENCY (WDR-2016)
• Automation and
coordination of
processes and
documentation.
1
3INNOVATION (WDR-2016)
• E-Commerce
Platforms.
• Digital Currency.
• Animal and
Procurement
tracking
technologies.
• Climate-Smart
Information Sharing
and Knowledge
Centre.
• Real-time reporting
of violence.
2
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
PETTY TRADERS
Automated State-of-the-Art Processing
facility
Digital Dividends
Formal & Informal Sector Inclusiveness
AGRIC EXTENSION EXPERTS
& OTHER PROFESSIONALS
E- Commerce Platforms/ Transaction
Processing Using Digital Currency
RANCHED HERDS

4. 3
Role of the Governments and the Development Partners
1. Set-up a fund tagged “Farmers Support Fund- (FSP)” – to support herdsmen for ranching start-up financing, animal feeds, disease
control; and improved skills in animal husbandry, quality yield and standardization. Governments and the
Development Partners should provide the “seed fund” and for the self-sustainability of the fund5, Government should
advocate that Dairy Industrialist should contribute to the fund based on the liters of milk supplied by the herdsmen and
processed by the established Dairy Plants of the industrialist.
2. Set-up Dairy Advisory Council vis-à-vis Dairy Hub6 - to act as fund administrator of the Farmers Support Fund (FSP) and provide
progressive solution to sustainable development of the Dairy Industry in Nigeria.
3. License and Grant status of Milk Collection Centers7 (MCC) to ranched herdsmen and advocating, as part of the importance of
ranching, elimination of barriers to market entry whereby automated dairy plants will serve as off-takers buying8 the
milk from the MCC- this will increase the earnings potentials of the herdsmen and create sustainable employment
for all stakeholders along the entire value chain.
4. Harmonize divergent views on digital currency by fast-tracking regulatory framework and key deliverables of the ongoing
partnership9 between the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC)
while ensuring the technical buy-in of the Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC)10 as well as technical
inputs from the Tax Authorities11 for institutional accountability and mitigating erosion of governments revenue from
digital currency transactions.
5 Sustainability of the Fund- a recommendation for Donors contained in a Report on ICTs for Agriculture in Africa which is the summary of the full sector study that was carried out by a
team from Deloitte. (See http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTINFORMATIONANDCOMMUNICATIONANDTECHNOLOGIES/Resources/282822-1346223280837/Agriculture.pdf).
6Dairy Hub- tagged “Establish Agriculture Hub” – a recommendation to the Policy makers and regulators contained in a Report on ICTs for Agriculture in Africa which is the summary of
the full sector study that was carried out by a team from Deloitte. (See http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTINFORMATIONANDCOMMUNICATIONANDTECHNOLOGIES/Resources/282822-
1346223280837/Agriculture.pdf).
7 Thai Agricultural Standard TAS 6401-2005 “Good Manufacturing Practices for Milk Collection Center” – National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards- Ministry of
Agriculture and Cooperative (See http://www.acfs.go.th/standard/download/eng/MILK_COLLECTION_CENTER.pdf).
8 Buying the milk by seeing Agriculture as a business “The Nigerian Agriculture Promotion Policy 2016-2020 document, “The Green Alternative””– (See https://fmard.gov.ng/the-green-
alternative/).
9 Ongoing partnership- “NCC, CBN sign agreement on mobile money services” an article published online by Punch Newspaper on November 2, 2017. (http://punchng.com/ncc-cbn-
sign-agreement-on-mobile-money-services/).
10 Ensuring the technical buy-in of NDIC- “Digital currency trading is gambling, says NDIC” an article published online by Guardian Newspaper on November 27, 2017. (See
https://guardian.ng/business-services/money/digital-currency-trading-is-gambling-says-ndic/).
11 Tax authorities to leverage on digital currency. (See http://www.oecd.org/tax/exchange-of-tax-information/nigeria-signs-multilateral-beps-convention-and-crs-multilateral-competent-
authority-agreement-to-tackle-international-tax-avoidance-and-evasion.htm).