The document describes the development of the Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of Primary Schools (MCSHPS). It involved:
1) Writing items to measure the 20 dimensions of managerial creativity based on management skills and creativity theories.
2) Conducting preliminary and multiple try-outs with school heads to refine the scale.
3) Analyzing items and selecting the final 42 items with acceptable validity and reliability.
4) Standardizing the scale through further tests to establish its validity, reliability, usability, and scoring procedure.
This document discusses human resource development at Marks and Spencer. It begins with an executive summary that outlines the importance of human capital development for organizational success. It then covers several learning objectives related to understanding learning theories, styles and evaluating training events. Specific topics discussed include comparing different learning styles, explaining the learning curve and importance of transferring learning. The document also assesses current training methods used at Marks and Spencer and provides a systematic approach to planning training and development events.
This document provides an analysis of training programs at the retail company Marks & Spencer. It discusses learning styles and theories that influence training design. Marks & Spencer uses a variety of training methods tailored to different employee levels, including workshops, performance reviews, and attachments to managers. The document evaluates a sample training event involving management, employees, and external experts developing solutions. It also explores how evaluating training events can identify successes and areas for improvement.
The document provides information on developing a performance management system for teachers in 3 key areas:
1. It outlines the components of an effective performance management system for teachers, including clear job descriptions, recruitment/selection, performance standards, training, feedback, and compensation.
2. It discusses creating a performance management process beginning with hiring, orientation, goal setting, and ongoing feedback/development to engage teachers.
3. It emphasizes the importance of individual teacher effectiveness through continuous training/empowerment, support for innovation, and a standardized appraisal system to facilitate development.
There is growing agreement that the non-conventional methods of employee development can well
influence employee development. The focus of this paper is to identify the non-conventional methods of staff
development and how they enable development of employees at the work place with employee relations as the
mediator. The study has reviewed literature with regard to employee development, non-conventional methods to
employee development and the employee relations
MBA Dissetation- Training and development pratices in MNC subsidiaries in ChinaJoseph Uzah
“An analysis of the gap in skill level between expatriate managers and host country managers (Subsidiary managers) to determine if the current training and development practices in MNC subsidiaries in China can minimize the skills gap”
The document discusses human resource development at Marks and Spencer. It begins with an executive summary that outlines how learning theories, styles, and government initiatives inform Marks & Spencer's training programs. It then covers several learning objectives: understanding learning theories and styles and their role in planning training; explaining the learning curve and knowledge transfer; evaluating a training event; and understanding government skills initiatives. For each objective, it provides details on Marks & Spencer's current training methods, how they assess needs at different levels, and how learning theory is applied. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of systematically planning, documenting, and analyzing training to effectively meet organizational goals.
Marks and Spencer is a large UK retailer with over 65,000 employees. It provides both on-the-job and off-the-job training to improve employee performance and adaptability. The document discusses learning theories like Kolb's model that identifies different learning styles like accommodating, converging, diverging, and assimilating. It explains how M&S follows a diverging style using real-world experience and group work. The learning curve and knowledge transfer are important for improving skills as employees gain experience. Assessing learning styles helps M&S design effective training to develop employees and gain a competitive advantage.
The influence of performance training and development on organizational perfo...IJAEMSJORNAL
Even everyday banks are promoting various employees training and development programs for their staffs, but still there is no certain or effective instrument to confirm how they influence to banks’ performance. Therefore, this research planned to determine the relationship between training and development with banks performance and its comparison between training and development. The researcher distributed 250 questionnaires, but only 209 questionnaires were received from employees and been completed. The researcher used a quantitative research method to investigate the most of significance factor that affects banks performance, through measuring and comparing employee training and employee development at banks. The findings of multiple regression analysis revealed that the effect of employee training on banks performance is stronger than the effect of employee development on banks performance in Erbil.
This document discusses human resource development at Marks and Spencer. It begins with an executive summary that outlines the importance of human capital development for organizational success. It then covers several learning objectives related to understanding learning theories, styles and evaluating training events. Specific topics discussed include comparing different learning styles, explaining the learning curve and importance of transferring learning. The document also assesses current training methods used at Marks and Spencer and provides a systematic approach to planning training and development events.
This document provides an analysis of training programs at the retail company Marks & Spencer. It discusses learning styles and theories that influence training design. Marks & Spencer uses a variety of training methods tailored to different employee levels, including workshops, performance reviews, and attachments to managers. The document evaluates a sample training event involving management, employees, and external experts developing solutions. It also explores how evaluating training events can identify successes and areas for improvement.
The document provides information on developing a performance management system for teachers in 3 key areas:
1. It outlines the components of an effective performance management system for teachers, including clear job descriptions, recruitment/selection, performance standards, training, feedback, and compensation.
2. It discusses creating a performance management process beginning with hiring, orientation, goal setting, and ongoing feedback/development to engage teachers.
3. It emphasizes the importance of individual teacher effectiveness through continuous training/empowerment, support for innovation, and a standardized appraisal system to facilitate development.
There is growing agreement that the non-conventional methods of employee development can well
influence employee development. The focus of this paper is to identify the non-conventional methods of staff
development and how they enable development of employees at the work place with employee relations as the
mediator. The study has reviewed literature with regard to employee development, non-conventional methods to
employee development and the employee relations
MBA Dissetation- Training and development pratices in MNC subsidiaries in ChinaJoseph Uzah
“An analysis of the gap in skill level between expatriate managers and host country managers (Subsidiary managers) to determine if the current training and development practices in MNC subsidiaries in China can minimize the skills gap”
The document discusses human resource development at Marks and Spencer. It begins with an executive summary that outlines how learning theories, styles, and government initiatives inform Marks & Spencer's training programs. It then covers several learning objectives: understanding learning theories and styles and their role in planning training; explaining the learning curve and knowledge transfer; evaluating a training event; and understanding government skills initiatives. For each objective, it provides details on Marks & Spencer's current training methods, how they assess needs at different levels, and how learning theory is applied. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of systematically planning, documenting, and analyzing training to effectively meet organizational goals.
Marks and Spencer is a large UK retailer with over 65,000 employees. It provides both on-the-job and off-the-job training to improve employee performance and adaptability. The document discusses learning theories like Kolb's model that identifies different learning styles like accommodating, converging, diverging, and assimilating. It explains how M&S follows a diverging style using real-world experience and group work. The learning curve and knowledge transfer are important for improving skills as employees gain experience. Assessing learning styles helps M&S design effective training to develop employees and gain a competitive advantage.
The influence of performance training and development on organizational perfo...IJAEMSJORNAL
Even everyday banks are promoting various employees training and development programs for their staffs, but still there is no certain or effective instrument to confirm how they influence to banks’ performance. Therefore, this research planned to determine the relationship between training and development with banks performance and its comparison between training and development. The researcher distributed 250 questionnaires, but only 209 questionnaires were received from employees and been completed. The researcher used a quantitative research method to investigate the most of significance factor that affects banks performance, through measuring and comparing employee training and employee development at banks. The findings of multiple regression analysis revealed that the effect of employee training on banks performance is stronger than the effect of employee development on banks performance in Erbil.
The document provides details about a human resource development assignment on Marks and Spencer. It discusses learning theories and styles, training needs at different levels, evaluation of training events, and government skills initiatives. Key points include:
1) Marks & Spencer analyzed learning patterns and theories to design HR strategies and training events to develop their 65,000 employees' skills amid organizational changes.
2) Training programs include performance appraisal, workshops, and attachments to help employees improve capabilities in a challenging work environment.
3) The government contributes to skills development to increase national output and quality of private sector organizations, introducing initiatives to provide successful training and improve working conditions.
Assessment of personnel management skills among private school owners in ifak...ResearchWap
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the teachers’ assessment of personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State.
Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and multi-stage sampling method which involved proportionate, stratified and random sampling techniques was adopted to draw a total of 100 respondents that participated in the study. Teaching methods adopted by basic science teachers and the implication Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) of inferential statistics were used to test the null hypotheses postulated for the study at 0.05 alpha level while, frequency count and percentages were used to compute the demographic data collected.
The findings of the study revealed that There is a significant relationship between teachers’ assessment and personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State. There is a significant difference between the financial entitlements and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There is a significant difference between the Professional development and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There is a significant difference between the Staff Welfare and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State.
Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that there should be seminar giving to the teachers on important of assessment and personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of financial entitlements and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of Professional development and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of Staff Welfare and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State.
Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Nor...ijtsrd
Management role performance appraisal is very essential to gauge the success and whereabouts of any organization. Using descriptive evaluative correlational method this study sought to determine the management role performance of state elementary school heads in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. A total of 100 school heads and 300 teachers were selected as participants for this study. This study bank on Minstzberg’s management role conceptual categories, to wit interpersonal managing through people informational managing be information and decisional managing through action . Data revealed that the appraisals made by the school heads themselves and their teacher constituents are both outstanding. It can be noted however, that the appraisal rating performed by the teacher constituents is way higher than the self administered appraisals of the school heads. Leah A. De Asis | Brenfred N. Romero "Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Northern Samar, Philippines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38468.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/38468/management-role-performance-appraisal-of-state-elementary-school-heads-in-northern-samar-philippines/leah-a-de-asis
This document provides information about planning and evaluating a training event for employees at Marks & Spencer. It discusses comparing different learning styles and theories that were used to design training. It also examines the training needs at different organizational levels and compares current training methods used at M&S, including advantages and disadvantages. A proposed group training event on problem solving and decision making is described. The document outlines an evaluation methodology using questionnaires, interviews, productivity measures, and manager observations to assess the training program and identify areas for improvement.
This document outlines a training event evaluation for Marks & Spencer employees. It discusses learning styles, theories, and the company's current training methods. The assigned person will implement a problem-solving training program to evaluate decision making. The event will introduce employees to a real problem, allow time for analysis and solutions, and have management evaluate the best solution. The training will be evaluated using a five-step methodology including need assessment, monitoring, program clarification, progress, and long-term impact. Feedback from trainers, trainees, and customer comments will also be used to document the program's effectiveness.
An exploratory study of entrepreneurial leadership development of polytechnic...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that explored how entrepreneurship programs at Accra Polytechnic in Ghana develop entrepreneurial leadership capabilities in students. The researchers interviewed two student leaders who participated in the polytechnic's entrepreneurship programs and clubs. The analysis found that the programs facilitate entrepreneurial leadership development through experiential learning, social interaction learning, and opportunity recognition. Entrepreneurial leadership development occurs as students transform knowledge from experiences and social interactions into identifying opportunities for personal and business development. The document provides context on entrepreneurial leadership and reviews literature on entrepreneurial learning and the role of experience and social interactions in developing entrepreneurial skills.
This document discusses human resource management and training at Marks & Spencer. It covers learning theories, styles, and the learning curve. It also discusses how Marks & Spencer plans and evaluates training events. Some key points:
- Marks & Spencer uses various learning styles like pragmatist, theorist, and reflector to enhance employees' skills and efficiency. Training methods include role playing, workshops, and performance coaching.
- Training needs differ for management, operations, and customer service roles. Events aim to improve areas like leadership, decision making, and teamwork.
- Training is evaluated using methods like productivity measures, manager observations, and participant feedback. Documentation includes knowledge sharing assessments and customer observations.
- The
This document provides an analysis of human resource management and training practices at Marks & Spencer. It discusses different learning styles and theories that influence training design. It also examines the importance of the learning curve and knowledge transfer for developing skills to address changing workplace needs. Government initiatives to support skills development are also assessed. The training evaluation methodology, analysis of a specific event, and review of evaluation methods are documented. Overall the document aims to understand how Marks & Spencer utilizes training to enhance employee performance and adapt to challenges in the retail industry.
This document discusses human resource development at Marks & Spencer. It covers several topics:
1) It compares different learning styles employees may have and explains how Marks & Spencer uses a combination of on-the-job and off-the-job training to develop skills in employees with different styles.
2) It explains the importance of the learning curve and knowledge transfer in helping employees adapt to changes at Marks & Spencer and continuously improve.
3) When planning training events, it's important to assess learning styles and theories to design effective training tailored to employee needs and the company's objectives.
The document appears to be a report on human resource management and training at Marks & Spencer. It discusses learning styles and theories that inform M&S's training approach. It also outlines their current training methods, including performance reviews, role playing, and induction programs. It then describes a proposed group training event where employees would analyze a case study scenario and present solutions. Key aspects of evaluating the event are identified, like assessing needs, monitoring progress, and measuring impacts on areas like quality, customer service and productivity. In summary, the report covers M&S's learning-focused training approach and a proposed event aimed at developing employee skills through collaborative problem-solving.
The document discusses human resource management and training at Marks & Spencer. It begins with an executive summary that outlines key learning objectives around understanding learning theories, evaluating training events, and government skills initiatives. It then provides details on Marks & Spencer's training methods, which follow a pragmatic learning style and focus on on-the-job and off-the-job training. Training needs and methods are compared for different employee levels. A systematic approach to training involving problem scenarios, discussion, and evaluation is also outlined. Methods for evaluating training events like the five-tiered approach are explained.
Mt on leadership and its effects on employees performanceShashi Chandra
This document discusses a research project on the effects of leadership on employee performance at Hindalco Industries Ltd. It begins with an introduction discussing the importance of leadership development and employee performance. It then provides context on Hindalco Industries and outlines the objectives, methodology and structure of the research project. The goal is to study leadership development practices at Hindalco and their impact on employee performance.
This document discusses strengthening the creative transformational leadership of primary school teachers. It aims to study the components and indicators of creative transformational leadership, examine the existing and desirable levels of leadership, develop a program to strengthen leadership, and evaluate the results. The research found five elements of creative transformational leadership: vision, intellectual stimulation, creativity, inspirational motivation, and flexibility. It developed a program with five modules corresponding to these elements and a coaching/mentoring guideline. Implementing the program significantly improved teachers' creative transformational leadership levels.
This document summarizes a study on talent management practices in major South African hotel groups. The study found that while the hotel groups applied many talent management principles, some problems remained. Talent management is important for the hospitality industry as it is people-focused. The success of organizations depends on employee commitment and contribution. Effective talent management involves sourcing, selecting, onboarding, retaining, developing, deploying, and renewing employees. It requires formal processes and strong leadership to translate into value-based behavior.
This document discusses quality management in education. It provides an overview of quality management forms, tools, and strategies that can be used for quality management in education. It also lists additional free resources on quality management including ebooks, forms, templates, quality indicators, job descriptions, and interview questions. The document then discusses several quality management tools that can be used in education including check sheets, control charts, Pareto charts, scatter plots, Ishikawa diagrams, histograms, and other related quality management topics.
This document discusses achieving a sustainable competitive advantage through learning and talent development. It examines the learning and development process in different sectors in Bahrain and how this supports maximizing human capital potential, retaining talent, and strengthening business performance. Questionnaires were distributed to senior managers, line managers, and talent staff in the public sector, multinational companies, and local companies in Bahrain. The study concludes that a key to organizational success is having knowledgeable human capital through continuous learning and development to ensure achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. It recommends organizations develop a learning culture, human capital, engage and retain employees.
This document provides teaching notes for a case study on employee empowerment at an Indian organization. The case highlights unique HR strategies adopted to manage employees in a way that led to high commitment, efficiency, and business success meeting global standards. Key strategies included developing ownership culture and high-performance work systems through empowering employees. The goals of discussing the case are to understand the importance of people management and how HR can be innovatively developed through empowerment approaches.
The Effectiveness of an Integrated Entrepreneurship Module on Overcoming Entr...iosrjce
The result of study shows that 15 courses institution need a practical, applicative, and understandable
module. It is attempted to provide students with sufficient information to overcome entrepreneurship problems
covering business traits, business management, and business plan. This study was employed design based
research approach through these subsequent phases (1) problems identification, (2) conducting draft module, (3)
testing the module on the 26 students, (4) evaluating the results of try-out, and (5) performing final socialization.
The effectiveness of module is measured by employing percentage analysis of students’ degree of effectiveness on
overcoming entrepreneurship problems in which the criteria of module effectiveness is 0—25 (less effective),
26—50 (quite effective), 51—75 (effective), and 76—100 (very effective). Module revision was done after data
analyzing on the results of the try-out and discussion of course’s students. Single module was conducted and it
contained the material of business traits, business management, and business plan. The results of this study show
that the module is effective as 78% of the course’s students were able to overcome problem after they learned on
entrepreneurship module. The module contributes on students’ confidence in starting-up a business and
encourages them to practice and implement what they have learned by dealing with entrepreneurship, triggering
the high sense of creativity in developing skills, building a firm cooperation among students, burgeoningthe
enjoyment of learning, helping to build effective time of learning and ability on overcoming problems.
This document provides an analysis of human resource management and training practices at Marks & Spencer. It discusses various learning theories and styles that influence training design. It also examines the learning curve and importance of transferring knowledge between experienced and new employees. Different training needs for staff levels are compared, and advantages and disadvantages of current training methods are assessed. Steps for systematic training planning are outlined. The document evaluates a training event using various techniques and documents the methodology, analysis, and review of the success of the event.
Este documento resume la epidemiología, etiopatogenia, patogenia, anatomía patológica, estadificación y diseminación del carcinoma gástrico. El carcinoma gástrico representa el 7% de todos los cánceres y el 9% de la mortalidad por cáncer. La infección por Helicobacter pylori, la dieta, el tabaquismo y las condiciones precursoras como la displasia gástrica contribuyen a su desarrollo. Macroscópicamente puede ser polipoide, fungoso, ulcerado o infiltrante difuso. Micro
The CONTROMOTE application provides remote monitoring and management features for telecom tower sites including GIS mapping, alarm monitoring, trouble ticketing, energy management, fuel management, asset management, camera control, and remote control of sites. It allows efficient management of thousands of distributed tower sites to maintain high uptime through real-time alarm responses and preventative maintenance while reducing operational expenses through optimized energy switching and asset control.
Este documento presenta una propuesta para crear un aula virtual sobre coordenadas geográficas dirigida a 32 estudiantes de cuarto grado de la Escuela Abraham Lincoln. El aula virtual se dividiría en siete unidades para explicar conceptos como paralelos, meridianos y cómo ubicar lugares usando coordenadas, haciendo uso de videos, juegos y principalmente mapas de Google. El objetivo es mejorar la comprensión de los estudiantes sobre este tema de Estudios Sociales de forma lúdica y práctica a través de un med
The document provides details about a human resource development assignment on Marks and Spencer. It discusses learning theories and styles, training needs at different levels, evaluation of training events, and government skills initiatives. Key points include:
1) Marks & Spencer analyzed learning patterns and theories to design HR strategies and training events to develop their 65,000 employees' skills amid organizational changes.
2) Training programs include performance appraisal, workshops, and attachments to help employees improve capabilities in a challenging work environment.
3) The government contributes to skills development to increase national output and quality of private sector organizations, introducing initiatives to provide successful training and improve working conditions.
Assessment of personnel management skills among private school owners in ifak...ResearchWap
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the teachers’ assessment of personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State.
Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and multi-stage sampling method which involved proportionate, stratified and random sampling techniques was adopted to draw a total of 100 respondents that participated in the study. Teaching methods adopted by basic science teachers and the implication Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) of inferential statistics were used to test the null hypotheses postulated for the study at 0.05 alpha level while, frequency count and percentages were used to compute the demographic data collected.
The findings of the study revealed that There is a significant relationship between teachers’ assessment and personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State. There is a significant difference between the financial entitlements and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There is a significant difference between the Professional development and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There is a significant difference between the Staff Welfare and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State.
Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that there should be seminar giving to the teachers on important of assessment and personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of financial entitlements and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of Professional development and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of Staff Welfare and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State.
Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Nor...ijtsrd
Management role performance appraisal is very essential to gauge the success and whereabouts of any organization. Using descriptive evaluative correlational method this study sought to determine the management role performance of state elementary school heads in the province of Northern Samar, Philippines. A total of 100 school heads and 300 teachers were selected as participants for this study. This study bank on Minstzberg’s management role conceptual categories, to wit interpersonal managing through people informational managing be information and decisional managing through action . Data revealed that the appraisals made by the school heads themselves and their teacher constituents are both outstanding. It can be noted however, that the appraisal rating performed by the teacher constituents is way higher than the self administered appraisals of the school heads. Leah A. De Asis | Brenfred N. Romero "Management Role Performance Appraisal of State Elementary School Heads in Northern Samar, Philippines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38468.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/38468/management-role-performance-appraisal-of-state-elementary-school-heads-in-northern-samar-philippines/leah-a-de-asis
This document provides information about planning and evaluating a training event for employees at Marks & Spencer. It discusses comparing different learning styles and theories that were used to design training. It also examines the training needs at different organizational levels and compares current training methods used at M&S, including advantages and disadvantages. A proposed group training event on problem solving and decision making is described. The document outlines an evaluation methodology using questionnaires, interviews, productivity measures, and manager observations to assess the training program and identify areas for improvement.
This document outlines a training event evaluation for Marks & Spencer employees. It discusses learning styles, theories, and the company's current training methods. The assigned person will implement a problem-solving training program to evaluate decision making. The event will introduce employees to a real problem, allow time for analysis and solutions, and have management evaluate the best solution. The training will be evaluated using a five-step methodology including need assessment, monitoring, program clarification, progress, and long-term impact. Feedback from trainers, trainees, and customer comments will also be used to document the program's effectiveness.
An exploratory study of entrepreneurial leadership development of polytechnic...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that explored how entrepreneurship programs at Accra Polytechnic in Ghana develop entrepreneurial leadership capabilities in students. The researchers interviewed two student leaders who participated in the polytechnic's entrepreneurship programs and clubs. The analysis found that the programs facilitate entrepreneurial leadership development through experiential learning, social interaction learning, and opportunity recognition. Entrepreneurial leadership development occurs as students transform knowledge from experiences and social interactions into identifying opportunities for personal and business development. The document provides context on entrepreneurial leadership and reviews literature on entrepreneurial learning and the role of experience and social interactions in developing entrepreneurial skills.
This document discusses human resource management and training at Marks & Spencer. It covers learning theories, styles, and the learning curve. It also discusses how Marks & Spencer plans and evaluates training events. Some key points:
- Marks & Spencer uses various learning styles like pragmatist, theorist, and reflector to enhance employees' skills and efficiency. Training methods include role playing, workshops, and performance coaching.
- Training needs differ for management, operations, and customer service roles. Events aim to improve areas like leadership, decision making, and teamwork.
- Training is evaluated using methods like productivity measures, manager observations, and participant feedback. Documentation includes knowledge sharing assessments and customer observations.
- The
This document provides an analysis of human resource management and training practices at Marks & Spencer. It discusses different learning styles and theories that influence training design. It also examines the importance of the learning curve and knowledge transfer for developing skills to address changing workplace needs. Government initiatives to support skills development are also assessed. The training evaluation methodology, analysis of a specific event, and review of evaluation methods are documented. Overall the document aims to understand how Marks & Spencer utilizes training to enhance employee performance and adapt to challenges in the retail industry.
This document discusses human resource development at Marks & Spencer. It covers several topics:
1) It compares different learning styles employees may have and explains how Marks & Spencer uses a combination of on-the-job and off-the-job training to develop skills in employees with different styles.
2) It explains the importance of the learning curve and knowledge transfer in helping employees adapt to changes at Marks & Spencer and continuously improve.
3) When planning training events, it's important to assess learning styles and theories to design effective training tailored to employee needs and the company's objectives.
The document appears to be a report on human resource management and training at Marks & Spencer. It discusses learning styles and theories that inform M&S's training approach. It also outlines their current training methods, including performance reviews, role playing, and induction programs. It then describes a proposed group training event where employees would analyze a case study scenario and present solutions. Key aspects of evaluating the event are identified, like assessing needs, monitoring progress, and measuring impacts on areas like quality, customer service and productivity. In summary, the report covers M&S's learning-focused training approach and a proposed event aimed at developing employee skills through collaborative problem-solving.
The document discusses human resource management and training at Marks & Spencer. It begins with an executive summary that outlines key learning objectives around understanding learning theories, evaluating training events, and government skills initiatives. It then provides details on Marks & Spencer's training methods, which follow a pragmatic learning style and focus on on-the-job and off-the-job training. Training needs and methods are compared for different employee levels. A systematic approach to training involving problem scenarios, discussion, and evaluation is also outlined. Methods for evaluating training events like the five-tiered approach are explained.
Mt on leadership and its effects on employees performanceShashi Chandra
This document discusses a research project on the effects of leadership on employee performance at Hindalco Industries Ltd. It begins with an introduction discussing the importance of leadership development and employee performance. It then provides context on Hindalco Industries and outlines the objectives, methodology and structure of the research project. The goal is to study leadership development practices at Hindalco and their impact on employee performance.
This document discusses strengthening the creative transformational leadership of primary school teachers. It aims to study the components and indicators of creative transformational leadership, examine the existing and desirable levels of leadership, develop a program to strengthen leadership, and evaluate the results. The research found five elements of creative transformational leadership: vision, intellectual stimulation, creativity, inspirational motivation, and flexibility. It developed a program with five modules corresponding to these elements and a coaching/mentoring guideline. Implementing the program significantly improved teachers' creative transformational leadership levels.
This document summarizes a study on talent management practices in major South African hotel groups. The study found that while the hotel groups applied many talent management principles, some problems remained. Talent management is important for the hospitality industry as it is people-focused. The success of organizations depends on employee commitment and contribution. Effective talent management involves sourcing, selecting, onboarding, retaining, developing, deploying, and renewing employees. It requires formal processes and strong leadership to translate into value-based behavior.
This document discusses quality management in education. It provides an overview of quality management forms, tools, and strategies that can be used for quality management in education. It also lists additional free resources on quality management including ebooks, forms, templates, quality indicators, job descriptions, and interview questions. The document then discusses several quality management tools that can be used in education including check sheets, control charts, Pareto charts, scatter plots, Ishikawa diagrams, histograms, and other related quality management topics.
This document discusses achieving a sustainable competitive advantage through learning and talent development. It examines the learning and development process in different sectors in Bahrain and how this supports maximizing human capital potential, retaining talent, and strengthening business performance. Questionnaires were distributed to senior managers, line managers, and talent staff in the public sector, multinational companies, and local companies in Bahrain. The study concludes that a key to organizational success is having knowledgeable human capital through continuous learning and development to ensure achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. It recommends organizations develop a learning culture, human capital, engage and retain employees.
This document provides teaching notes for a case study on employee empowerment at an Indian organization. The case highlights unique HR strategies adopted to manage employees in a way that led to high commitment, efficiency, and business success meeting global standards. Key strategies included developing ownership culture and high-performance work systems through empowering employees. The goals of discussing the case are to understand the importance of people management and how HR can be innovatively developed through empowerment approaches.
The Effectiveness of an Integrated Entrepreneurship Module on Overcoming Entr...iosrjce
The result of study shows that 15 courses institution need a practical, applicative, and understandable
module. It is attempted to provide students with sufficient information to overcome entrepreneurship problems
covering business traits, business management, and business plan. This study was employed design based
research approach through these subsequent phases (1) problems identification, (2) conducting draft module, (3)
testing the module on the 26 students, (4) evaluating the results of try-out, and (5) performing final socialization.
The effectiveness of module is measured by employing percentage analysis of students’ degree of effectiveness on
overcoming entrepreneurship problems in which the criteria of module effectiveness is 0—25 (less effective),
26—50 (quite effective), 51—75 (effective), and 76—100 (very effective). Module revision was done after data
analyzing on the results of the try-out and discussion of course’s students. Single module was conducted and it
contained the material of business traits, business management, and business plan. The results of this study show
that the module is effective as 78% of the course’s students were able to overcome problem after they learned on
entrepreneurship module. The module contributes on students’ confidence in starting-up a business and
encourages them to practice and implement what they have learned by dealing with entrepreneurship, triggering
the high sense of creativity in developing skills, building a firm cooperation among students, burgeoningthe
enjoyment of learning, helping to build effective time of learning and ability on overcoming problems.
This document provides an analysis of human resource management and training practices at Marks & Spencer. It discusses various learning theories and styles that influence training design. It also examines the learning curve and importance of transferring knowledge between experienced and new employees. Different training needs for staff levels are compared, and advantages and disadvantages of current training methods are assessed. Steps for systematic training planning are outlined. The document evaluates a training event using various techniques and documents the methodology, analysis, and review of the success of the event.
Este documento resume la epidemiología, etiopatogenia, patogenia, anatomía patológica, estadificación y diseminación del carcinoma gástrico. El carcinoma gástrico representa el 7% de todos los cánceres y el 9% de la mortalidad por cáncer. La infección por Helicobacter pylori, la dieta, el tabaquismo y las condiciones precursoras como la displasia gástrica contribuyen a su desarrollo. Macroscópicamente puede ser polipoide, fungoso, ulcerado o infiltrante difuso. Micro
The CONTROMOTE application provides remote monitoring and management features for telecom tower sites including GIS mapping, alarm monitoring, trouble ticketing, energy management, fuel management, asset management, camera control, and remote control of sites. It allows efficient management of thousands of distributed tower sites to maintain high uptime through real-time alarm responses and preventative maintenance while reducing operational expenses through optimized energy switching and asset control.
Este documento presenta una propuesta para crear un aula virtual sobre coordenadas geográficas dirigida a 32 estudiantes de cuarto grado de la Escuela Abraham Lincoln. El aula virtual se dividiría en siete unidades para explicar conceptos como paralelos, meridianos y cómo ubicar lugares usando coordenadas, haciendo uso de videos, juegos y principalmente mapas de Google. El objetivo es mejorar la comprensión de los estudiantes sobre este tema de Estudios Sociales de forma lúdica y práctica a través de un med
Conferencia de alianza para latinoamerica de Hootsuite - Interlat en la nueva economia digital y si transformación corporativa y seguridad en la era socia
El documento describe las ventajas de utilizar redes sociales en centros educativos, incluyendo mejorar el ambiente de trabajo al permitir que estudiantes creen objetos de interés, aumentar la comunicación entre profesores y estudiantes, y centralizar actividades docentes en un solo sitio. También menciona que las redes sociales pueden incrementar el sentido de comunidad y la eficiencia en el uso de las TIC para aglutinar personas, recursos y actividades.
V C S Veda Vyasa Sharma is seeking a challenging career in a progressive organization to enhance his knowledge and skills. He has an MBA in HR from CMR College of Engineering and Technology and a B.Tech in Electronics and Communication Engineering from TKR Engineering College. During his internship at Digital Nirvana Information System, he was involved in full recruiting including sourcing profiles, screening resumes, maintaining reports, and payroll processing. He also handled statutory compliances, exit formalities, and other HR activities. In his personal statement, he highlights his communication skills, determination, and ability to build relationships and adapt to different situations.
One of the best ways to treat your asthma is with homeopathy. Homeopathy treatment for asthma can change the hypersensitivity of the person. When the hypersensitivity or the hyper susceptibilities of the person improve he will not then react adversely to the harmless substances which he was reacting before. This can only be possible by a proper constitutional homeopathy treatment for asthma.
Best 6 Homeopathy medicines for asthma:
1. Arsenic alb
2. Ipecac
3. Aralia
4. Grindelia
5. Natrum sulph
6. Kali carb
El abuelo Refugio lleva a sus nietos Renato y Natalia a dar un paseo por un paraje cercano a Huaral. Durante el paseo, el abuelo les cuenta historias y les hace preguntas para enseñarles sobre la importancia de la estructura y función del cuerpo humano, la inteligencia y la necesidad de orden y valores para vivir en sociedad. También les habla sobre la importancia de cuidar el planeta y la vida en él. Al final, Natalia recalca la importancia de proteger el medio ambiente para preservar el sistema solar
Este documento presenta a los principales autores de la Escuela Neoclásica, incluyendo a William Stanley Jevons, Alfred Marshall, Carl Menger, Leon Walras e Irving Fisher. Luego describe las características clave de la teoría neoclásica, como el énfasis en las prácticas administrativas y la reafirmación de los postulados clásicos.
Se selecciona la materia prima floripondio, se seca y se procesa usando alcohol, un mortero, una placa y un mechero para extraer reactivos mientras se usan guantes y gorro para protección.
Este documento presenta los cambios realizados al plan de una sesión de dos horas sobre el Análisis de Situación de Salud. Los cambios incluyen agregar resultados de aprendizaje específicos, organizar los contenidos de una manera más estructurada, involucrar a los estudiantes de manera participativa en lugar de una exposición pasiva, usar recursos didácticos como videos y mapas conceptuales, y realizar una evaluación al final para medir el aprendizaje.
This curriculum vitae is for Nguyen Xuan Hoang, a Vietnamese male software developer with over 5 years of experience in web development using technologies like HTML5, JavaScript, AngularJS, Java, and CSS frameworks. He has worked on projects for customers in Vietnam and Norway developing both front-end and back-end applications. His most recent role was as a front-end developer creating Angular applications for a Vietnamese e-commerce platform.
Este documento describe el caso de una niña de 8 meses con hallazgos típicos del síndrome de bridas amnióticas (SBA), incluyendo anillos de constricción en una pierna y amputaciones digitales asimétricas en una mano. El SBA se produce por la ruptura prematura del amnios durante el embarazo, lo que permite la formación de bandas que comprimen partes fetales y causan anormalidades. Aunque la madre de la niña tuvo una cirugía y medicación durante el embarazo, los autores concluy
O autor passou por uma experiência fracassada ao prestar um mau serviço no setor de informática. Um amigo o aconselhou a criar um espetáculo teatral sobre prestação de serviço. O livro discute como o protagonista deve ser o cliente, e a importância de transmitir significados por meio de dados sensoriais e elusivos na produção do serviço. O autor também reflete sobre a arte da prestação de serviço e a busca por equilíbrio e qualidade no atendimento.
Este documento habla sobre los sistemas de información. Explica que la información es un conjunto organizado de datos procesados que constituyen un mensaje, y que las organizaciones necesitan desarrollar sistemas de información para procesar transacciones, automatizar oficinas, apoyar la toma de decisiones gerenciales y ejecutivas, e implementar inteligencia de negocios. Identifica cuatro tipos principales de sistemas de información.
Perception of Managerial Competencies Significant For Gulf College Educationa...inventionjournals
This study examines the perception of managerial competencies significant for gulf college educational leaders and managers. Twenty three (23) respondents are utilized in the study to measure their management skills in terms of communication, planning and administration, teamwork, strategic action, selfmanagement and multicultural. The researchers made use of descriptive-evaluative method. This is a research method that focuses on present condition with a purpose of discovering new truth such as increased extent of knowledge, new generalization, an increased insight into factors that are operating, discovery of new causalrelationship, or more accurate formulation of the problem to be solved. Specifically, descriptive-evaluative is a design that will appraise carefully the worthiness of the current study. Results show that managerial competencies of the respondents have no significant relationship with their profile. Although the result is not significant, still it is important to note that managerial competencies are reflection of effective performance of every educational leader and manager of the institution. Hence; the degree of influence of the respondents’ profile and their managerial competencies displayed that the degree of influence is not significant since the pvalue is consistently below 0.5. However, it is worthy to consider that only fifteen (15) percent of the combined indicators influenced the managerial competencies of the respondents.
This document summarizes a study that assessed the leadership competencies of managers at a waste management company in Romania. Researchers conducted a 360-degree feedback assessment of 23 managers using a questionnaire that evaluated 15 competencies across job, interpersonal, and personal areas. 398 questionnaires were completed by managers, direct reports, peers, and supervisors. Results identified integrity as the strongest competency and feedback/communication as areas for development. The study aims to understand competency strengths/weaknesses to guide leadership development at the company.
Innovation in Educational Management and Leadership: High Impact Competency f...syaabdulrahman
This study aimed to identify the high impact competencies needed by Malaysian school leaders. Researchers developed an instrument called KOMPAS to assess 26 competencies across 6 domains for 596 school leaders and 140 ministry officers. Statistical analysis identified 8 competencies as high impact: managing change, quality focus, managing ICT, decision making, problem solving, school improvement, capacity building, and performance management. The study provides data to help plan effective training programs for school leaders.
The Factors Affecting the Development of Entrepreneurship School in Education...inventionjournals
This study aimed to identify factors involved in developing Entrepreneur school and understanding the Executive requirements of these schools in Educational system of Iran (Case Study of MAZANDARAN province). Relying on the theory of organizational entrepreneurship and data based theory (Grounded Theory) the factors effective in creating a school for entrepreneurs were identified. The population of the study in Interview section was 20 experts in the Field of educational sciences from the University of Educators, entrepreneurship teachers and school administrators and for qualitative validation were 20 faculty members of University of Educators and school administrators. The research tools were open interview and content analysis techniques .The research findings indicate that the two groups factors of inside and outside organization and 3 dimensions of personal, organizational and environmental abilities and 16 components of Features (psychological , attitude, motivational), management style, organizational ,Mental and interpersonal skills, new methods of reward, management support, Delegate, deadline, curricula system , strategic orientation, entrepreneurial culture, entrepreneurship education, space and equipments, government policies, socio-economic and cultural conditions, financial and non-financial support are effective in building this kind of entrepreneur school. Also the results of qualitative validation or questionnaire distribution in the first step have resulted to the Removal of the concepts of parental education; parental social status and evaluation system due to an average of less than 4.In the implementation of the second round questionnaire, Kendal correlation coefficient was calculated and Kendall's w = 0.705 was obtained, suggesting a strong consensus among panel members in the research.
Assessment of personnel management skills among private school owners in ifak...ResearchWap
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the teachers’ assessment of personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State.
Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and multi-stage sampling method which involved proportionate, stratified and random sampling techniques was adopted to draw a total of 100 respondents that participated in the study. Teaching methods adopted by basic science teachers and the implication Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) of inferential statistics were used to test the null hypotheses postulated for the study at 0.05 alpha level while, frequency count and percentages were used to compute the demographic data collected.
The findings of the study revealed that There is a significant relationship between teachers’ assessment and personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State. There is a significant difference between the financial entitlements and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There is a significant difference between the Professional development and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There is a significant difference between the Staff Welfare and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State.
Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that there should be seminar giving to the teachers on important of assessment and personnel management skills by school owners in Ilorin West, Kwara State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of financial entitlements and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of Professional development and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State. There should be seminar giving to the administration on the effects of Staff Welfare and the personnel management skills among private school owners in Ifako Ijaye Local Government Area of Lagos State.
A Literature Review And Reports On Training And DevelopmentLisa Graves
The document provides a literature review on training and development. It summarizes several past studies on topics related to training evaluation and effectiveness. One study from 2011 examined the relationship between training characteristics and formative evaluation. A 2010 study reviewed alternative selection for training under risk conditions using estimated monetary value and decision tree analysis. Another 2010 study proposed an integrated model for evaluating training in organizations that assesses multiple dimensions of impact. A further study from 2010 evaluated a leadership training program based on process-designed groups.
Abstract
- Institutions of higher learning face a new situation on
higher education. It holds some novel threats and presents some
fresh opportunities. Given the uncertainty of the future, collage
and university administrators cannot allow their organizations to
drift. This study assessed the managerial skills development of the
administrators of the five (5) well-established private institutions
of higher learning in Batangas, Philippines. A combination of
descriptive-purposive research design and survey method was used to
determine the managerial dimensions exhibited by the administrators.
Mean, Likert Scale, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Product
Moment Correlation Coefficient and and Bivariate Correlation were
used. There is no significant difference in the assessment of the three
groups of respondents in terms of communication skills and solving
problems effectively. However, there is a significant difference in terms
of self leadership, managing the task effectively, managing the people
effectively, and managing interpersonal relations effectively.
There is
a very high significant relationship among all the managerial skills
dimensions required of the institution administrators using the same
managerial dimensions. The managerial skills of the administrators
have to be enhanced to improve the quality of people in the institution.
The Proposed Executive Development Program and Training Model
are strongly recommended.
role of educational institution in promoting entrepreneurshipniranjan k
This document discusses the role of higher education institutions in promoting entrepreneurship in India. It begins with an abstract that outlines how entrepreneurship education aims to inculcate entrepreneurial skills and motivate students to generate business ideas. The introduction then reviews how education impacts entrepreneurial behavior and how higher education is shifting focus to provide domain knowledge and hands-on business experience. The objectives are to study the need for entrepreneurship education and understand current pedagogy and challenges. A literature review covers frameworks and emphasis on practical experience over traditional content. The significance and methodology are also summarized.
MM Bagali...... HR Education..... HR Educaters......Students hr subject_perce...dr m m bagali, phd in hr
This document discusses a study on the rigour and relevance of HR education in business schools in Karnataka, India. It conducted a survey of 238 HR students from 23 institutions across university types. The survey found that 35% of students viewed certain core HR subjects as redundant, particularly those related to HR skills and development. Another 21% saw subjects on industrial relations and labor laws as redundant. 15% viewed subjects on organizational development and change management as redundant. However, 23% felt all HR subjects were important. The results varied significantly between university types, with state university students more likely to view certain subjects as redundant compared to central university students who felt all subjects were important. The study aims to understand how HR education needs to evolve to meet
Entrepreneurial Competencies as a Tool for Improve the Enterprise Growth and ...ijtsrd
Entrepreneurial competencies are important to entrepreneurship growth and enterprise development of the success. The purpose of this paper has to undertake a conceptual review of research on entrepreneurial competencies in order to functional and operational areas provide an included description of contributions relating to entrepreneurial competencies. The article research work towards review of the evaluation of the concept of competencies through particular reference to its use in the context of competencies for entrepreneur needs. Conceptual research draws together views on competence of an entrepreneur before exploring and summarizing research on the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and business performance and growth. This report presents the state of the art on the topic of entrepreneurship competence identifying and comparing different theoretical and practical approaches from the academic and entrepreneurial world. Finally, the different perspectives adopted by researchers to the measurement of performance through entrepreneurial competencies are reviewed. Rajendra Prasad G R | Dr. Manjunath, K. R "Entrepreneurial Competencies as a Tool for Improve the Enterprise Growth and Entrepreneurial Activities: A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38250.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/38250/entrepreneurial-competencies-as-a-tool-for-improve-the-enterprise-growth-and-entrepreneurial-activities-a-study/rajendra-prasad-g-r
The document discusses the challenges of personnel management in education. It begins by defining personnel/human resource management and explaining its importance in education. It then states that the research study seeks to answer three questions: what are the issues in personnel management in education, what challenges do schools face, and what solutions can overcome these challenges. It reviews literature defining human resource management and its role in helping meet organizational goals and providing a competitive advantage. It also lists common human resource issues in education like recruiting teachers and dealing with outdated systems. The discussion section then answers the three research questions, identifying issues like recruiting qualified teachers and challenges like conflicts and poor funding, and providing potential solutions like effective communication and creating a professional work environment. Finally, it concludes that
Functional leadership theory focuses on tasks rather than people, with the goal of maximizing organizational effectiveness. It argues leaders should ensure tasks are completed rather than focusing on employee feelings. John Adair expanded on this with his three-circle model emphasizing tasks, teams, and individual needs. His eight leadership functions provide a framework for functional leadership, including defining tasks, planning, briefing teams, and leading by example. Research found strong associations between school leaders' functional practices and teacher morale as well as student achievement and belongingness. Effective principals promote teacher learning and accountability through collaboration.
This study aimed to design an entrepreneurial school model for Iranian education using Mazandaran Province as a case study. Through interviews and questionnaires, the study identified internal and external factors affecting the formation of an entrepreneurial school. These factors included individual, organizational, and environmental abilities and 16 components. Structural equation modeling validated a model showing significant relationships between the components and dimensions. The results provide a conceptual framework for establishing entrepreneurial schools in Iran.
An Analysis of Selected Factors Influencing Talent Management in Public Secon...inventionjournals
Talent Management is a set of integrated organizational HR processes designed to attract, develop, motivate, and retain productive, engaged employees. The goal of talent management is to create a high-performance, sustainable organization that meets its strategic and operational goals and objectives. This research therefore sought to explore the factors influencing talent management of Teachers Service Commission in Kenya in the public secondary schools with specific reference to Nyandarua West Sub- County. The overall objective was to examine the factors influencing talent management in schools with specific reference to Nyandarua west Sub- County. The specific objectives was to find out how organizational culture affects talent management, to establish the extent to which training and Development affects talent management, to assess whether workplace environment affect talent management and to establish the extent to which retention strategies affect talent management. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and targeted 25 schools in Nyandarua County. The target population was 25 principles, 350 teaching staff and 230 non-teaching staff. Stratified random sampling and purposive sampling was used in determining the sample size of 121 participants. Sampling was guided by Gay (1976) who postulates that sample size of 10% is considered minimum for large populations and 20% for small populations. The research instruments included questionnaire, an observation schedule and interview schedule. Descriptive data analysis was done for qualitative data while qualitative data was used to supplement interpretation of quantitative data. The findings are interpreted along the study objectives. The findings of the study are aimed to benefit the management of various organizations since they identify the challenges that hinder effective implementation of talent management. This study is of great benefit to the scholars since it has increase the body of knowledge in the field of talent management.
kidd-using pbl for developing professional social skills_2.1Darrell Kidd
This document discusses using project-based learning (PBL) to develop interpersonal and social professional skills that are important for careers but often not directly taught in traditional education. It reviews literature showing that while students learn technical skills, they lack skills in areas like collaboration, communication, and problem solving. PBL can help develop these skills through real-world team projects that require managing time and resources, working with others, and communicating results. The document examines the need for these soft skills in industry and the connection between PBL and skill development through hands-on work, problem-solving, and experience working with peers, teachers and professionals.
Running head TEN STRATEGIC POINTS 1TEN STRATEGIC POINTS 8.docxtodd521
Running head: TEN STRATEGIC POINTS 1
TEN STRATEGIC POINTS 8
Ten Strategic Points
Ten Strategic Points for a Quantitative Correlational Study
1. Topic- Topic plays a critical role in offering a wide research issue in the area of: Influence of Transformational Leadership on Student Performance and Engagement.
2. Literature review - Lists primary points for four sections in the Literature Review: a. Background of the problem/gap; b. Theoretical foundations (models and theories to be foundation for study); c. Review of literature topics with key theme for each one; d. Summary
a. Background of the Problem: Comment by Mohamed Ali: Please don’t describe
List first gap sources like
Gap
Vidyarthi et al. (2014) found that the EI of leaders demonstrated a significant, positive correlation with the job performance of their employees, and suggested continued research to explore the relationship between leaders’ emotional perceptions and their employees’ attitudes – specifically job satisfaction
Cancio et al. (2013) recommended that future studies look at the relationship between administrator support and teacher job satisfaction outside of a professional support organization
Bacground
Theories or models
i. Student engagement and performance are some of the leading problems that affect educators and institutional leaders. Numerous studies indicate that students should develop a sense of belonging for them to participate and improve their performance in school. However, there is still a dearth in knowledge on how transformational leadership can be leveraged to enhance student engagement and performance.
II. Many studies on student engagement only regard it as an indicator of academic attainment. These concepts are often premised on the idea that students who are disengaged or disaffected perform poorly. Nonetheless, low achievements can also cause students to withdraw from school.
III. There are many conditions that have been proposed as prerequisites for improved academic achievement. These often range from provision of learning resources to development of conducive learning climate.
IV. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on the impacts that leadership has on promoting learning behaviors in schools. In particular, not many studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of transformational leadership on academic achievement.
b. Theoretical foundations (models and theories to be foundation for study); Comment by Mohamed Ali: Cite sources
i. The transformational leadership theory will; inform the theoretical foundations of this study. The theory postulates that leaders posses behaviors that improve their followers’ level of motivation and innovative thinking. In so doing, the followers can effectively improve organizational innovation, individual performance, and organizational performance.
ii. Unlike the transactional leadership model, the transformational leadership theory seeks to nurture a sense of idealism and .
The document discusses perspectives from HR practitioners on HR education in business schools. It notes that while business schools have grown, HR education needs to focus more on practical skills and keeping curricula relevant to industry needs. A survey was conducted of HR practitioners in Bengaluru, India across various industries to understand their views on areas for improvement in HR students' knowledge, skills, internships and job preparedness. The study aims to better align HR education with industry requirements to improve graduates' employability.
Section 2 IJIFR December 2016 volume 4 issue 4vikas sharma
Dear Author’s
I take this privilege to welcome all of you to the continuous 40th edition of International Journal Of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR) - Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2016. At the outset I would like to enlighten you that IJIFR has earned an excellent impact factor after rigorous evaluation of year 2015.The new impact factor SJIF (Scientific Journal Impact Factor) after evaluation is 5.081. Also, IJIFR has successfully got high IC Value (2015)=6.62 from Index Copernicus International (Poland) Journal Master List. Presently, the journal has been evaluated by International InfoBase Indexing & Obtain IBI Factor=4.60 for the year 2015. On this accomplishment, all editorial board members have expressed their earnest gratitude to all of you for your endless efforts in preparing & providing high quality authentic research work for publication to our internationally acclaimed journal for last 4 Years. With this present issue IJIFR has successfully published more than 2800+ research papers till yet.
Work after publication will be available on the website (www.ijifr.com) based on issues of the month and its publication date. Its multidisciplinary approach is deliberate to bring the worldwide eminent intellectuals on one platform to illumine the world of knowledge. The journal follows a Double Blind Peer Review process in order to bring in well-informed exploratory research for academics across the world thereby bringing in total transparency in its paper evaluation system.
Also, I express my sincere gratitude to the all editorial board members for their endless support to bring this issue to its present form. Undoubtedly, we could not release this issue without the remarkable efforts of our reviewers. Their endless efforts and continuing support to our journal have enabled us to move into Consecutive 41st Edition (4th year) of publication. We hope that the research featured here sets up many new milestones. I look forward to make this endeavor very meaningful. Very warm thanks to eminent Editors and researchers globally to provide an opportunity to make this journal a reality.
IJIFR December 2016 volume 4 issue 4 Section 1vikas sharma
take this privilege to welcome all of you to the continuous 40th edition of International Journal Of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR) - Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2016. At the outset I would like to enlighten you that IJIFR has earned an excellent impact factor after rigorous evaluation of year 2015.The new impact factor SJIF (Scientific Journal Impact Factor) after evaluation is 5.081. Also, IJIFR has successfully got high IC Value (2015)=6.62 from Index Copernicus International (Poland) Journal Master List. Presently, the journal has been evaluated by International InfoBase Indexing & Obtain IBI Factor=4.60 for the year 2015. On this accomplishment, all editorial board members have expressed their earnest gratitude to all of you for your endless efforts in preparing & providing high quality authentic research work for publication to our internationally acclaimed journal for last 4 Years. With this present issue IJIFR has successfully published more than 2800+ research papers till yet.
Work after publication will be available on the website (www.ijifr.com) based on issues of the month and its publication date. Its multidisciplinary approach is deliberate to bring the worldwide eminent intellectuals on one platform to illumine the world of knowledge. The journal follows a Double Blind Peer Review process in order to bring in well-informed exploratory research for academics across the world thereby bringing in total transparency in its paper evaluation system.
Also, I express my sincere gratitude to the all editorial board members for their endless support to bring this issue to its present form. Undoubtedly, we could not release this issue without the remarkable efforts of our reviewers. Their endless efforts and continuing support to our journal have enabled us to move into Consecutive 41st Edition (4th year) of publication. We hope that the research featured here sets up many new milestones. I look forward to make this endeavor very meaningful. Very warm thanks to eminent Editors and researchers globally to provide an opportunity to make this journal a reality.
IJIFR VOLUME 4 ISSUE 2 SECTION 2 OCTOBER 2016vikas sharma
I take this privilege to welcome all of you to the continuous 38th edition of International Journal Of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR) - Volume 4, Issue 2, October 2016. IJIFR is a peer reviewed monthly journal that accepts research works from scholars, academicians, professors, doctorates, researchers, engineers and corporate fraternity in their respective expertise of studies. Work after publication will be available on the website (www.ijifr.com) based on issues of the month and its publication date. The Journal aims to publish quality material that contributes to accumulate dynamic knowledge which is able to revitalize and foster the research carried out in different disciplines. Its multidisciplinary approach is deliberate to bring the worldwide eminent intellectuals on one platform to illumine the world of knowledge. The journal follows a Peer Review System in order to bring in well-informed exploration for researchers across the world thereby bringing in total transparency in its journal review system. It delivers eventual platform in order to have genuine, speculative, knowledgeable research which has the visualization to understand fact-finding experiences that describes significant developments of changing global scenarios. Respected for its International reputation, the editorial and reviewer boards of IJIFR Journal comprised of experts with not only having the academic background but also the researchers serving the industry.
IJIFR VOLUME 4 ISSUE 2 SECTION 1 OCTOBER 2016vikas sharma
I take this privilege to welcome all of you to the continuous 38th edition of International Journal Of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR) - Volume 4, Issue 2, October 2016. IJIFR is a peer reviewed monthly journal that accepts research works from scholars, academicians, professors, doctorates, researchers, engineers and corporate fraternity in their respective expertise of studies. Work after publication will be available on the website (www.ijifr.com) based on issues of the month and its publication date. The Journal aims to publish quality material that contributes to accumulate dynamic knowledge which is able to revitalize and foster the research carried out in different disciplines. Its multidisciplinary approach is deliberate to bring the worldwide eminent intellectuals on one platform to illumine the world of knowledge. The journal follows a Peer Review System in order to bring in well-informed exploration for researchers across the world thereby bringing in total transparency in its journal review system. It delivers eventual platform in order to have genuine, speculative, knowledgeable research which has the visualization to understand fact-finding experiences that describes significant developments of changing global scenarios. Respected for its International reputation, the editorial and reviewer boards of IJIFR Journal comprised of experts with not only having the academic background but also the researchers serving the industry.
Chief Editor,IJIFR
Efforts are made in every country for a sound system of education which
can cater the educational needs of all citizens. When the problem of quantity
of education is being tackled, there is an urge for raising the quality of life,
which is possible only if there is raise in the quality of education. The quality
of life and the quality of education go together. Educationalists are of the
opinion that the educational problems relating to the quality and quantity
could be tackled by the development of an Educational Technology.
Therefore, in recent years all over the world there has been a rapid
development of Communication Technology in education at all levels with a
purpose of extending educational facilities and upgrading instructional
methodology. The present study tries to trace out the ICT awareness, use
and need of the teacher educators of B.Ed. Colleges of Hyderabad
Karnataka region. The result reveal that computer trained teacher
educators were more aware and used more ICT resources for classroom
teaching, professional development and personal development in
comparison to the computer untrained teacher educators and teacher
educators having personal computer were using ICT resources more for
their classroom practice, professional development and personal
development than that of teacher educators not possessing personal
computer.
This document analyzes the influence of process parameters like tool speed, feed rate, and shoulder diameter on the mechanical properties of joints fabricated using friction stir welding of aluminum 6061 alloy. Experiments were conducted with tool rotational speeds of 1950, 3080, and 4600 rpm and different feed rates and shoulder diameters. The tensile strength was highest at a tool speed of 3080 rpm, feed rate of 20 mm/min, and shoulder diameter of 20 mm. The tensile strength was most influenced by the tool speed. Overall, the optimal parameters for maximum tensile strength identified were a tool speed of 3080 rpm, feed rate of 20 mm/min, and shoulder diameter of 20 mm.
IJIFR- Volume 4 Issue 1, September 2016 vikas sharma
The Journal aims to publish quality material that contributes to accumulate dynamic knowledge which is able to revitalize and foster the research and development carried out in different disciplines. IJIFR brings into the world the understanding of various faculties in one platform to have access to accurate information and new innovations & provide a rapid turn-around time possible for reviewing and publishing, and to disseminate the articles freely for teaching and reference purposes. Its multidisciplinary approach is deliberate to bring the worldwide eminent intellectuals on one platform to illumine the world of knowledge. The journal follows a Blind-Review Peer Review System in order to bring in a high-quality intellectual platform for researchers across the world thereby bringing in total transparency in its journal review system. It delivers eventual platform in order to have genuine, speculative, knowledgeable research which has the visualization to understand fact-finding experiences that describes significant developments of changing global scenarios. IJIFR provide access not only to ultimate research resources, but through its high-quality professionals are ambitious to bring in a significant transformation in the dominion of open access journals and online publishing which the globe is observing nowadays. All manuscripts are reviewed in fairness based on the intellectual content of the paper regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, religion, citizenry nor political values of author(s).the IJIFR provides free access to research information to the international community without financial, legal or technical barriers. All submitted articles should report original, previously unpublished research results, experimental or theoretical, and must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere. All the accepted papers of the journal will be processed for indexing into different citation databases that track citation frequency/data for each paper. Contributions will therefore be welcomed from practitioners, researchers, scholars and professional experts working in private, public and other organizations or industries.
Ijifr section 2 SEPTEMBER 2016 EDITIONvikas sharma
This document discusses the growth of e-commerce in rural India. It notes that while e-commerce has boomed in India, it has not reached much of rural India where online shopping concepts are still unfamiliar. However, some major e-commerce companies like Amazon, Flipkart and Snapdeal as well as startups focused on rural markets are making inroads. The government and Indian postal service are playing key roles in expanding rural e-commerce through initiatives like Digital India and by providing reliable delivery infrastructure. For e-commerce to fully reach rural India, improvements in infrastructure like internet access are still needed.
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2. 5059
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International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
leadership in Indian context is as sparse as the attention it receives in policies and programs
is a neglect (Azim Premji Foundation, 2011).
The success of school organisation whether it be at the higher secondary level,
secondary level or the elementary level depends upon the effective leadership and
management of the head of the institution. In the 21st
century the efforts of the head of the
institution has been widely recognised as one that is very crucial in bringing about Quality
Education. School being as a social organisation has a collective sets of goals and objectives
(Krishnamacharyulu, 2006). The school manager's management skills can bring about
coordination of work among many functioning under one roof; it competently and
effectively leads to achieve the organisational objectives (Kreitner, 2004). However, today,
in a world full of competition, it is not usually possible to manage the school by following
stereotype routines, so the head of the school should embark upon using his/her creative
ability skills to manage the school. The heads of the school needs to map out and explain
more fully, the richness and complexity of skilfulness, resourcefulness, ingenuity,
inventiveness, originality, fluency, flexibility, and evaluative execution of managerial
responsibilities. There is a need for divergent thinking abilities in the open ended tasks of
the schools as leaders. Hence, leadership traits with managerial creativity is the need of the
present global humanity; schools, at present should be guided and directed by leaders who
uses their management skills fused with creativity to solve problems they encounter in
regular processes and operations of school management.
II. JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
Nonetheless, while arriving at the most common platform of empirical
understanding, a few recent research studies on "managerial creativity" were initiated in
India (Jain, et.al.2011; Rashid, 2012 & Wadhwani, 2014), with samples like executives,
school/ college principals and secondary school/tribal teachers. Though, a self constructed
Managerial Creativity Test for higher education students by Wadhwani (2014) as well as
self developed/standardized Managerial Creativity Scale (MCrS) keeping in view the
organizational executives by Jain.et.al (2011) found, were not presently appropriate for the
sample under study. Studies in Abroad (Duze,2011; Scratchley.et.al , 2001; Turkson &
Appiah, 2009; Anderson, 2006; Mathibe,2007 and Scratchley, 1998) depicted 'managerial
creativity' as a quality of managers engulf with creativity for managing an organization
towards growth and development. The need to develop the Managerial Creativity Scale for
the Heads of Primary Schools (MCSHPS ) arose. Thus, Managerial Creativity is operationally
defined as the confluence of components like getting things done, developing staff,
improving self and leading towards organisational success through leadership, expertise,
motivation and creative thinking skills.
III. SAMPLE OF THE STUDY
The sample of the present study consists of Heads of Government primary schools
located in semi-urban Garo Hills Districts of Meghalaya. The proportionate stratified
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International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
random sampling technique was used to select. On the basis of different stages of test
constructions and standardization, the initial sample strength for the three phases of try-out
was divided as 10%, 20% and 10% of total population, for the proportional representation of
Government Primary school heads from all the blocks of the districts under study.
IV. DEVELOPING THE MANAGERIAL CREATIVITY SCALE FOR THE HEADS
OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS (MCSHPS )
4.1 Item Writing
The item writing for the 5 point Likert Managerial Creativity Scale for the Heads of
Primary Schools (MCSHPS ) were framed in accordance to the learning domain of Bloom's
Taxonomy of cognitive domain, affective domain and psychomotor domain. Through the
confluence of components from Management Skill Pyramid of F.John Reh (2009) with the
Componential Theory of Creativity of Teresa Amabile (1983), the items in accordance to the
20 dimensions of Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of Primary Schools (MCSHPS) were
shaped in forms of favourable or unfavourable statements. The items written incorporated
the views of field experiences obtained through Focus Group Discussion and/or Personal
interviews. This was reflected through the item statements. Efforts were made to merge in
all the 7 Confluence of Components towards the shaping of the 20 multi-dimensions of
Managerial Creative Scale for Heads of Primary Schools (MCSHPS) by comprehensively
taking into account the role of creativity in the managerial responsibilities of school heads
pertaining to management, school management, leadership, school leadership and creativity
as shown in Table 1.1. Items shaped depicted the dimension under the confluence of
components from Management Skills Pyramid and Componential Theory of Creativity.
Positive statements were initially framed, half of it was rewritten in negative form and
eventually it was edited subjected to expert’s comments, suggestions and criticisms. The
steps followed are shown below.
4.2 Stages of Construction and Standardization
4.2.1 Stage I: Preliminary Try-out:The statements selected for the preliminary try out
were 176, containing 50% of positive polarity and 50% of negative polarity. The statements
were given for 20 expert opinions views for comments, suggestions and necessary
modifications to be incorporated in subsequent try-outs. Based on the 20 dimensions of
MCSHPS, Personal Interviews (PI) and Focus Group Discussions (FDGs) with experienced
Head Teachers in the field of school management also reinforced the statements. FDGs with
the Sub-Divisional School Education Officers of Government of Meghalaya added much
significance to the authenticity of the determining statements of the 7 confluence of
components merged from Management Skills Pyramid and Componential Theory of
Creativity. Out of 176 primary statements, after meticulously incorporation and/or
elimination, 146 items were found suitable for the first try-out.
4.2.2 Stage II: First Try out The first tryout MCSHPS was done with 146 statements, i.e 73
negative polarity items and 73 positive polarity items. This was administered to a sample of
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International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
165 randomly selected Heads of Primary Schools. MCSHPS booklets with incomplete
responses to a maximum of 3 items were to be eliminated from analysis.
4.2.3 Stage III: ItemAnalysis: After obtaining the total score for each respondent, the step
for analysis was applied by following Kelly's method. The highest 27% and the lowest 27%
is then taken out to provide the best compromise between the two desirable and inconsistent
aims- (i) to make extreme group as large as possible and (ii) to make extreme group as
different as possible. The scores obtained for each item in these two extreme groups were
used for calculating the discriminating power of each item. The discriminating power was
obtained by calculating the critical ration "t" by using the formula given by Edwards (1957).
4.2.4 Stage IV: Selection and Preparation of Final Items: Altogether 80 items having p-
value of 2.75 and above were selected and the 66 items having p-value below 2.75 were
rejected. The items of MCSHPS were arranged in order of their discriminative value. Equal
number of positive and negative items was selected encompassing every confluence of
components and dimensions in a proportionate manner. The 80 items selected through item
analysis were evaluated for language appropriateness by the experts and on the suggestion
of experienced heads of primary schools and educationists, the statements were translated
into Garo language in order to obtain true and correct reply from the respondents belonging
to the two Garo Hills Districts of Meghalaya .
4.2.5 Stage V: Final Try-Out : Out of selected 80 items having p-value of 2.75 and above,
only 42 selected items in consistent to the confluence of components and multi-dimensions
of MCSHPS were prepared after the item analysis for the final try out of the scale as shown.
After compulsory preparation for the final try-out, the MCSHPS was distributed amongst 82
primary school heads of the two districts of Garo Hills region of Meghalaya for establishing
the parameters of validity, reliability, usability and norms of MCSHPS.
Table 1.1 Final number of items in consistent with dimensions of MCSHPS
Sl
No
Confluence of
Management Skills
and Creativity
Dimensions of Managerial
Creativity
Positive Negative Total
1 Get it done 1. Planning
2. Organising
3. Directing
4. Controlling
4 4 8
2 Develop staff 1. Motivation
2. Training and Coaching
3. Involvement
4 4 8
3 Improve self 1. Time Management
2. Self Management
2 2 4
4 Success 1. Vision
2. Mission
3. Ambition
3 3 6
5 Expertise 1. Hard skills
2. Soft skills
2 2 4
6 Motivation 1. Extrinsic Motivation 2 2 4
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ISSN: 2347-1697
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
2. Intrinsic Motivation
7 Creative thinking
skills
1. Fluency
2. Flexibility
3. Originality
4. Elaboration
4 4 8
Total 20 Dimensions 21 21 42
4.2.6 Stage IV: Standardization of MCSHPS: The vital standardization procedure through
establishment of validity, reliability, usability and norms was made.
4.2.7 Establishing Validity: The validity of present scale was estimated through Face
validity, Content validity and internal consistency validity.
The face validity of the Managerial Creativity Scale for the Heads of Primary
Schools (MCSHPS) was estimated in the pre-tryout of the preliminary draft stage by a series
of systematic consultations of items during the process of construction. Multiple FDGs gave
an impetus to the validity of the scale through their ideas of field experiences which were
much in tandem with the confluence of components and dimensions for the construction of
the scale. The content validity of the Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of Primary
schools (MCSHPS ) was ensured through meticulous evaluation of the items by the
educationists and experts, like Sansanwal, D.N (2016) ; Nongbri, C (2015); Awasthi, K
(2015); Sharma, D (2014); Madhusudan, J.V (2014); Marak , F.K (2014); Momin, N.S .C
(2014)& Marak, M (2014). Ambiguous statements, vague words and double barrel
statements were accordingly reworked or removed after the item evaluation stage. The
internal consistency validity was found during the item analysis stage.
4.2.8 Establishing Reliability : In order to determine the external consistency reliability of
the Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of Primary Schools (MCSHPS), final 42 items
were administered to 82 subjects belonging to West and South-West Districts of Garo Hills
of Meghalaya. To establish predictability or stability of the scale test-retest was conducted
on the scale. After a gap of 4 weeks, the same scale was administered again to the same
group of respondents. The scores obtained were calculated and the reliability index was
found to be at .72 and is significant at 0.01 levels of confidence, meaning that 72% of the
variance in the scores are reliable and 28% is the error variance. However, in order to
determine the internal consistency reliability or the coefficient alpha reliability of the scale,
the 42 items were divided into 21 odd items and 21 even items, the Cronbach's Alpha in
SPSS was used and reliability coefficient obtained is .835 while Cronbach's Alpha Based on
Standardized Items obtained is .891 indicating that MCSHPS measures variable with
extremely high reliability. The reliability of the Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of
Primary Schools (MCSHPS) is highly reliable externally and internally.
4.2.9 Establishing Usability: The Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of Primary
Schools (MCSHPS) can be used for individual as well as group administration. The MCSHPS
during individual administration can be enhanced by an open ended personal interview and
Focus Group Discussions to map out and explain more fully, the richness and complexity of
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International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
creativity in the managerial responsibilities of the school leaders with a scope shaped out for
divergent thinking responses.
4.2.10 Scoring Procedure: The scoring procedure for each answer to every statement is
as given in the Table 1.2. The range of scores for the Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads
of Primary Schools (MCSHPS) is 42 to 210, wherein the minimum scores could be 42 (i.e 1
x 42) and maximum scores could be 210 (i.e 5x42).
Table 1.2: Scoring Procedure Managerial Creativity Scale for Heads of Primary Schools
Degree of
Favourability
Strongly
Agree
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly
Disagree
Polarity of
Items
(S A) (A) (U) (D) (SD)
Positive Items 5 4 3 2 1
Negative Items 1 2 3 4 5
4.2.11 Establishing Norms and Interpretation: Percentile norms for the whole scale as
per quartile deviation were established on the basis of raw scores made against the sex
criterion. The score under each percentile are illustrated in the table 1.2. The interpretation
of percentile norm is done on the basis of quartile as given in Table 1.3. A very high score
above the 76th
percentile is found to have High Managerial Creativity (HMC). Moderate
Managerial Creativity (MMC) is scores from P51 above to P75. Low Managerial Creativity
(LMC) is identified between percentiles P26 to P50. Scores between P05 to P25 are Very Low
Managerial Creativity (VLMC).
4.2.12 Description of Managerial Creativity Level:The description of the interpretation
(Table 1.4) of the various level of Managerial Creativity of the Heads of primary schools is
indicative that heads of government primary schools with High Managerial Creativity levels
are described as those who operationally merged in operating managerial skills with
creativity in their leadership responsibilities; Moderate Managerial Creativity level scorers
are those who need support through motivation, training and coaching, in hard skills & soft
skills for fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration of ideas/skills for development of
Managerial Creativity Skills in their managerial positions. Low Managerial Creativity
scorers are heads that needs to be sensitized, made aware and motivate about the force of
creativity while getting things done, developing staff, improving self and achieving success
as a leader of the school. Very Low Managerial Creativity scores are indicative of utter
negligence in skills of managerial dimensions as well as creativity dimensions.
Table 1.3: Percentile Norms and Interpretation of Managerial Creativity Level
Percentile Raw Score Of
Male Head
Teachers
Raw Score Of
Female Head
Teachers
Interpretation Of
Managerial Creativity
Skills Level
P95 177 175 High Managerial
CreativityP90 174 172
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ISSN: 2347-1697
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
P85 172 160
P80 169 168
P75 167 167 Moderate Managerial
CreativityP70 165 166
P65 164 164
P60 163 163
P55 161 162
P50 159 160 Low Managerial
CreativityP45 158 159
P40 156 157
P35 155 156
P30 154 155
P25 152 154 Very Low Managerial
CreativityP20 150 153
P15 148 151
P10 144 147
P05 136 145
Table 1.4: Interpretation and Description of Managerial Creativity Level
Managerial Creativity Level Description Of The Managerial Creativity
High Managerial Creativity Totally involved in Managerial Creativity Skills.
Moderate Managerial Creativity Needs Support for Managerial Creatively Skills.
Low Managerial Creativity Affirms attention for Creativity in Managerial skills.
Very Low Managerial Creativity Negligent of skills for Managerial responsibilities.
V. DIRECTION OF ADMINISTRATION OF THE SCALE
The heads of the primary schools were contacted and Managerial Creativity Scale
for Heads of Primary Schools (MCSHPS) were administered either individually or in groups.
Instructions were given as per as the booklet cum answer-sheet. Each of the school head
were asked to answer spontaneously to the items by reading carefully and responsibly with
accountability as a school manager. Alongside, on each of the dimension of the scale,
Personal Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were followed to qualitatively
supplement the responses obtained to understand their divergent skills of creativity in
managing and leading their schools.
VI. CONCLUSION
Although the management literature has hailed managerial creatively as a necessity in
current climate of rapid change and global competition, little has been done to help
organisations to identify and select managers who have potential to be creative on a job
more so in education in general and schools in particular. This psychological tool can help
in identifying and selecting teachers into management positions in school, teacher who not
8. 5065
ISSN: 2347-1697
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 4, Issue -2, October 2016
Continuous 38th Edition, Page No: 5058-5065
Challang R Marak :: Developing The Confluence Of Management
Skills And Creativity For The School Heads
only have teaching competency but potential to take the school in new and useful directions.
This scale can help in identification of managerial creativity of individual school leaders and
can be used for the purpose of recruitment, promotion, training, professional development
and certification of the primary school heads irrespective of gender, training , experiences
and location of school.
VII. REFERENCES
[1.] Amabile, T. (1983).The Social Psychology of Creativity. New York: Springer-Verlag.
[2.] Anderson, P (2006), Creativity and Innovation in a Turbulent Environment. Journal of
Managerial Excellence, 2( 3), p.69.
[3.] Azim Premji Foundation (2011). Special Issue on School Leadership. Learning Curve. Vol 16
(March). Pragathi Prints: Bangalore.
[4.] Duze, C.O. (2011). Students’ and teachers’ participation in decision-making and impact on
school work and school internal discipline in Nigeria. African Research Review. 5(2): 200-
214.
[5.] Edwards, A.L. (1957). Technique of Attitude Scale construction. Appleton century Crafts, Inc.
Chapter. 6, 149-157.
[6.] Jain, S., Jain R., & Dhar, U.(2011) Managerial Creativity Scale. Agra: National Psychological
Corporation.
[7.] Kreitner, R. (2004). Management (9th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
[8.] Krishnamacharyulu, V. (2006). School Management and Systems of Education. New Delhi:
Neelkamal Publications.
[9.] Leithwood, K., Louis, K. S., Anderson, S., & Wahlstrom, K. (2004). How Leadership
Influences Student Learning: Review of Research. New York: Wallace Foundation.
[10.] Mathibe, I. (2007). The Professional Development of School Principals. South African Journal
of Education, 27, 523-540.
[11.] Rashid, F. (2012) Managerial Creativity and Work Motivation of Secondary School Tribal
Teachers In Relation To Their Occupational Self Efficacy. Journal Of Humanities And Social
Science. 3 (6), 53-60.
[12.] Reh, J .F (2009) The Management Skills Pyramid. Retrieved from http;//
management.about.com/od/managementskills /a/ManagementSkillsPyramid.htm
[13.] Wadhwani. P. (2014) Managerial Creativity as a Function of Discipline of Study and Risk
Taking Behaviour and their Interaction. Journal of Management & Research, 8 (1/4).497.
[14.] Scratchley, L.S & Hakstian, A.R (2001) . The Measurement and Prediction of Managerial
Creativity. Creativity Research Journal. 13, (3 & 4). 367-384.
[15.] Scratchley, L. S. (1998): Managerial Creativity- The Development and Validation of a
Typology and Predictive Model. Ph.D. (Psy.), University of British Columbia.
[16.] Turkson, J.K. & Appiah, K. O (2009) .Managerial Creativity and Innovation: A Panacea for
Organizational Change and Development. Global Business and Economics Anthology. 2. 117-
126.
To Cite This Article
Marak, R. C. (2016): “Developing The Confluence Of Management Skills And Creativity For
The School Heads”. International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (ISSN: 2347-
1697), Vol. 4 No. (2), October 2016, pp. 5058-5065, PaperID: IJIFR/V4/E2/005.