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Carbon foot printing workshop
Helsinki
17th June 2015
Agenda
8:30 Welcome – Jouni Keronen, CEO, Climate Leadership Council (CLC)
8:35 Introduction – Stephanie Pfeifer, IIGCC CEO
• Global Investor Platform on Climate Action – background to workshops
8:45 Presentations from carbon foot print service providers
• Maximilian Horster – South Pole Group
• Véronique Menou - MSCI ESG
• Lauren Smart - Trucost
9:40 The Montreal Carbon Pledge and trends in investor actions – Yulia
Sofronova and Sagarika Chatterjee, PRI
9:50 Discussion with asset owners and managers
• Tiina Landau - Ilmarinen Mutual Pension Insurance Company
• Mika Leskinen – OP Group
• Aila Aho – Nordea
• Sagarika Chatterjee – PRI
10:30 Close
PwC CEO Survey Launch, February 25, 2013
3
”In economics, things take longer
to happen than you think they
will, and they happen faster than
you thought they could.”
Rudiger Dornbusch
4
Climate Leadership Council;
Members 18.5.2015 and board for 6/2014-6/2016
J Keronen, Climate Leadership Council
7
“We’re the first generation to feel the impact of climate
change and the last generation that can do something
about it.” Gov. Jay Inslee
Thank You!
IIGCC – the collaborative platform for
investors on climate change
 More than 100 members in 9 countries, representing over
€10 trillion in assets
IIGCC’s Objectives
 Policies and frameworks that
support the low carbon transition
 A robust carbon price signal
 Energy efficiency measures
 Removal of perverse incentives
 Improved investor awareness
 Adoption of best practice
 Integration of climate risk and
opportunities
 Improved investor reporting
Engage on
policy that
supports
move to low
carbon
economy
Inform and
showcase
investment
practices
8
Climate Change Investment Solutions:
A Guide for Asset Owners – How to use it
 Further engage with investment
committees and trustee boards
about climate change through:
 Distributing the guide to investment
committee and board members,
holding in-house workshops,
incorporating the actions into
investment and/or board offsite
meetings
 Share with investment consultants
and fund managers (across asset
classes) to foster dialogue and
action
 Bring everyone up to the same level
of understanding
 Identify where your fund is strong
and where it might consider taking
further action
 Prioritize actions and set objectives,
targets, and milestones
Find the Guide here:
www.iigcc.org
Map of investment solutions
10
Strategic review
Mitigation investment
actions
Reduce carbon intensity
of existing assets
Invest in low carbon,
energy efficient assets
Adaptation investment
actions
Reduce climate
vulnerability of existing
assets
Invest in climate
adaptation opportunities
Strategic asset allocation
 Joint initiative of the investor networks
 Launched during Paris Climate Week
 Mentioned by French Finance Minister Michel Sapin in his address to
the Climate Finance Day
Highlighting investor actions
Investor Platform for Climate Actions
12
Carbon foot printing investment portfolios
Why now?
IIGCC’s carbon foot printing workshops
European roadshow for investors
 London – November 2014: Getting started with carbon
foot printing, keys for asset owners.
 Amsterdam – March 2015: Different metrics for different
purposes - managing carbon asset risk or financing the
low-carbon transition.
 Stockholm – May 2015: So you have a footprint – now
what?
 Copenhagen – June 2015: Regional drivers of investor
carbon measurement and communications.
 Helsinki – June 2015: Setting internal carbon foot print
investment policies and the Montreal Carbon Pledge
 Next up – (TBC) Paris, Geneva/Zurich
14
IIGCC Sample portfolio
Top overweight and underweight holdings
15
Company name
Portfolio
Weight
Benchmark
Weight Over weight
SAP SE 4.01% 0.1828% 3.83%
QUALCOMM, Inc. 3.62% 0.3471% 3.28%
Visa, Inc. 2.60% 0.2930% 2.30%
Royal Bk Scot Grp 2.25% 0.0412% 2.21%
Grainger W W Inc 2.05% 0.0426% 2.01%
Axa 2.07% 0.1231% 1.95%
Standard Chartered Plc 2.07% 0.1255% 1.94%
Sumitomo Mitsui Fg 1.96% 0.1426% 1.81%
Hong Kong Exchange 1.69% 0.0656% 1.62%
Bayer Motoren Werk 1.72% 0.1099% 1.61%
Company name
Portfolio
Weight
Benchmark
Weight
Under
weight
Apple, Inc. 1.7% -1.7%
Johnson & Johnson 0.8% -0.8%
Wells Fargo & Co New 0.7% -0.7%
General Electric Co 0.7% -0.7%
Nestle SA 0.7% -0.7%
Jpmorgan Chase & Co 0.6% -0.6%
Procter & Gamble Co 0.6% -0.6%
Exxon Mobil Corp 0.5% 1.1% -0.6%
Novartis Ag 0.6% -0.6%
Verizon Communications, Inc. 0.6% -0.6%
TOP 10 OVERWEIGHT TOP 10 UNDERWEIGHT
IIGCC developed a sample global equities portfolio with 100 companies.* The
portfolio was not designed to be low-carbon - it could be anyone’s portfolio.
*Copies of the full portfolio were distributed during the event. Contact Morgan LaManna
at IIGCC for a copy or visit the Members’ Area of IIGCC’s website for more resources.
IIGCC Sample portfolio
Sector distribution
16
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
IIGCC Portfolio
MSCI ACWI
 Global equity portfolio - 100 stocks
 Benchmarked against MSCI ACWI
Key questions for service providers
17
1. How do you measure carbon footprint?
2. Is the IIGCC portfolio more or less carbon intensive than its benchmark?
3. How do you explain key differences?
4. What is your view on
 product-related emissions
 financed emissions
 double counting
 future emissions
The Climate Impact of Investments
An Introduction
Dr. Maximilian Horster – Partner, South Pole Group
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 18
About South Pole Group
South Pole Group · June 2015
We measure and reduce environmental
and social impact for 1’000+ clients.
We enable our customers to create value
from sustainability-related activities.
Our staff of 130 employees in 17 offices
worldwide are passionate to fight climate
change.
Page 19
Financial industry reference
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 20
A movement driven by asset owners…
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 21
Global Investor
Statement on Climate
Change of 350 investors
Portfolio Decarbonization
Coalition is formed, with
now 10 members
Montreal Pledge is
announced. Over 50
signatories (USD 2.9tn)
Mandatory investments
footprinting in France
Low Carbon Investment Registry
reports USD 24bn of emission
reducing investments by 45 investors
It’s a journey…
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 22
Comparison IIGCC Example Portfolio vs Benchmark
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 23
USD 1bn invested into
the IIGCC Example
Portfolio and the
Benchmark.
%
IIGCC
Example
Portfolio
%
IIGCC
Benchmark
Difference
237,426 212,282 -25,144
739,108 619,084 -120,024
436,074 365,260 -70,814
0.32% 3,181,503 0.28% 2,844,574
85% 64% 21%
237 212 11%
340 264 22%
173 152 12%
Emissions (tCO2e) per USD Millions of Revenue
Weighted Emission / Weighted Sales
Total Emissions Scope 1&2 (tCO2e)
Total Emissions Scope 1,2 & 3 (tCO2e)
Total Emissions Scope 1,2 & 3 (tCO2e) Minus
Double Counting
Total Offsetting Cost (USD)
Percentage of Disclosing Companies
Emissions (tCO2e) per USD 1 Million Invested
Index tCO2e per USD 1m invested
SMI Index 160
IIGCC Benchmark 212
IIGCC Portfolio 237
MSCI UK All Cap 240
S&P 500 270
OSEBX 300
MSCI Europe 320
Stoxx 50 570
Dax 750
Comparing Apples with Apples
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 24
Investment
Carbon Intensity
(per $ invested)
Revenue
Carbon Intensity
(per $ revenue)
Investment
Carbon Footprint
(tCO2)
Currency
Exchange rate
Portfolio Composition
Market Cap
Revenue
GHG data
Scope
Approximations
U
N
I
T
D
A
T
E
G
H
G
Ceteris Paribus
Forward-looking vs. Snapshot
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 25
Widening & Deepening
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 26
Strategies to act
Engage
Engage on Transparency and Performance
Communicate
Report your climate exposure/ impact to stakeholders
Price externalities
Apply environmental cost, offset GHG emissions
Measure & set targets
Set reduction targets for yourself & asset managers
Divest
Avoid fossil fuel exposure
Hedge
Focus on winners of low carbon economy
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 27
Thank you
South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 28
Maximilian Horster
M.Horster@southpolecarbon.com
© 2015 MSCI Inc. All rights reserved.
Please refer to the disclaimer at the end of this document.
UNDERSTANDING AND
MANAGING CARBON RISK IN
INSTITUTIONAL PORTFOLIOS
IIGCC Event
June 2015
Paris
London
Frankfurt
Geneva
Beijing
Hong Kong
Manila
SydneyCape Town
Mumbai
San Francisco
Boston
New York
Rockville
Monterrey
Toronto Portland
Tokyo
MSCI’S GLOBAL ESG TEAM
• Global staff of over 200 dedicated full time to ESG business, including 120+ ESG research analysts
• Over 800 clients with more than $15 trillion in assets globally
• Over 40 years experience in ESG (IRRC, KLD, Innovest, GMI Ratings)
CARBON FOOTPRINT KEY METRICS USED IN THE REQUEST
FOR FEEDBACK
Description
Portfolio Carbon
Emissions
(tons of CO2e)
Use case
Portfolio Carbon
Emissions per dollar
of investment
(tons CO2e / $ million
invested)
Sum of the
emissions for all the
positions in the
portfolio based on
the investor’s
ownership share per
million dollar
invested
Sum of the
emissions for all the
positions in the
portfolio based on
the investor’s
ownership share (i.e.
market cap)
• Report on emissions
(Montreal Pledge)
• Set reduction targets
Portfolio Carbon
Intensity
(tons CO2e / $
million sales)
Portfolio Carbon Risk
Exposure
(tons CO2e / $)
Weighted average
of the issuers’
carbon intensity in a
portfolio
Ratio of portfolio
carbon emissions
normalized by the
investor’s claims on
sales
1 2 3 4
Financed Carbon
Emissions
(tons CO2e )
Sum of the
emissions for all the
positions in the
portfolio using
enterprise value to
attribute investor’s
share of emissions
5
• Report on emissions
(Montreal Pledge)
• Set reduction targets
• Compare to
benchmark and
between portfolios
• Report on
normalized emissions
• Compare to
benchmark and
between portfolios
• Tool to measure
carbon risks
• Report on emissions
for non-equity and
multi asset class
portfolios
REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK: KEY FINDINGS
32
• Consultees split as to the best way to measure the
carbon footprint
No consensus on
which metric is the
Carbon Footprint
• Broad consensus that presenting multiple metrics for
emissions and intensity is useful because different use
cases may warrant different measurements
Presenting Multiple
Metrics Makes Sense
• Being able to explain the metric is important, as is the
ability to use one metric for all portfolios (i.e. ideally
not one for equity and another for Fixed Income/Multi-
Asset Class)
Simplicity is Key
• Equity portfolios are currently the focus but there is
broad interest in expanding to Fixed Income, albeit
with an acknowledgement that FI is more challenging
Incorporating Fixed
Income is on the
Horizon
• Several consultees made a point of saying that any
footprint measure is only as good as the underlying
carbon emissions data.
Data Quality is Key
• Measuring footprint is useful but is limited in what it
can tell you about a portfolio’s exposure to carbon
risks.
Carbon Portfolio
Analysis should go
beyond Footprint
30%
70%
By Client type
AO
AM
12%
70%
18%
By region
APAC
EMEA
North
America
Key Statistics
Carbon Emissions
/$M Invested
Carbon
Emissions*
Carbon
Intensity
Portfolio
Carbon Risk
exposure
IIGCC Portfolio 238 238,482 338 220
MSCI ACWI 192 191,909 241 219
MSCI ACWI Low Carbon Target 57 56,864 78 92
T CO2e / $M T CO2e T CO2e / $M sales
Based on investment of $1bn
What is my portfolio’s
exposure to carbon intensive
companies relative to my
benchmark?
What carbon emissions are
my investments
responsible for?
The sample portfolio is 40% more
carbon intensive than the
standard benchmark and 335%
more carbon intensive than the
low carbon benchmark
Sample portfolio provided by the IIGCC
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Carbon
Emissions/$1M
Invested
Carbon Intensity Weighted
Average Carbon
Intensity
Portfolio
Benchmark
ACWI LC Target
CARBON FOOTPRINTING &
COMPARISON TO A BENCHMARK
How does security selection within each
sector affect my carbon risk exposure?
What sectors are driving my carbon
risk exposure?
Sample portfolio provided by the IIGCC
CARBON FOOTPRINTING &
ATTRIBUTION ANALYSIS
FORWARD-LOOKING ASSESSMENT: LARGEST CONTRIBUTORS
TO EMISSIONS ASSESSED ON CARBON RISK MANAGEMENT
PRACTICES
Lafarge contributed 12% to portfolio emissions
but demonstrated strong commitment to carbon
risk management, with aggressive reduction
targets
Canadian Oil Sands is among the largest
contributors and is considered a laggard in its
industry in terms of carbon risk management
 Engagement opportunity?
*as of 31 October 2014. Past performance is not indicative of future returns or performance.
EXPOSURE TO STRANDED ASSETS: 7% OF THE SAMPLE
PORTFOLIO EXPOSED TO COAL & UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVES,
CONTRIBUTED 75% TO THE PORTFOLIO’S POTENTIAL EMISSIONS
*as of 31 October 2014. Past performance is not indicative of future returns or performance.
CLEAN TECH SOLUTIONS: 8% OF THE PORTFOLIO OFFERS CLEAN
TECH SOLUTIONS BUT ONLY 2% ARE “PURE PLAY”
2% 0%
6%
92%
Portfolio Weight Grouped by Revenue
Generated from Clean Technology Solutions
>50% - 100% of Revenue >20% - 50% of Revenue
>0% - 20% of Revenue No Revenue
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
Any
Strategy
Alternative
Energy
Energy
Efficiency
Sustainable
Water
Pollution
Prevention
Green
Building
Weight
Weight of Companies Offering Clean Technology Solutions
IIGCC Portfolio MSCI ACWI MSCI ACWI Low Carbon Target
*as of 31 October 2014. Past performance is not indicative of future returns or performance.
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ABOUT MSCI
38
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CONTACT US
39
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NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER
40
May 2015
Trucost presentation for
IIGCC Stockholm
Lauren Smart,
Executive Director
Carbon Audits: How, what, why?
IIGCC PORTFOLIO
BLACK SPOTS
ISSUE DEEP DIVES: FOSSIL FUELS &
RENEWABLES - SECTOR SPECIFC KPI’S
Part of the “problem”
or part of the solution?
Am I interested in
positive impact or
risk…or both?
9 companies have exposure to coal (either mining or energy production)
But…. 4 of those provide exposure to renewables
6 companies provide exposure to clean energy…. 5 of those also have exposure to fossil fuels
SUPPORTING TRANSITION TO A LOW
CARBON ECONOMY? RISK? TREND?
Transition Metrics Risk MetricsImpact Metrics
Different metrics to answer different questions..
• Proportion of activities in “green” vs “brown” and change over time
• Fossil fuel reserves 1P & 2P (tonnes of coal, barrels of oil, bcf)
• Embedded Carbon in reserves (tonnes of carbon)
• Carbon regulation, costs & pass through
0
50
100
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Alliant
Coal Power Generation Renewables
0
50
100
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
American Electric
Coal Power Generation Renewables
0
20
40
60
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
PPL Corp
Coal Power Generation Renewables
AUTOS – SECTOR SPECIFIC KPI’S
Company disclosure Model breakdown DEFRA "Real World"
Manufacturing phase 3,705,296 3,705,296 3,705,296 3,705,296
Total vehicle use emissions
tCO2 46,696,786 44,409,580 67,309,428 58,842,694
Emissions per car,
manufacturing and usage 26 25 36 32
Total 2013 fleet emissions of BMW
Company calculation
In use phase emissions reported (tCO2) 46696786
Scope of fleet covered 83%
Source CDP
Quality assessment
Uses regional
emissions
Data source Grade
Data reported by the company using relevant methodology and covering
all passenger and LCV operations
GRADE 1
Data reported by the company using relevant methodology and scaled
up from initial scope GRADE 2
Estimates from model/regional breakdown with emission factors
provided by the company GRADE 3
Estimates from model breakdown from general averages
GRADE 4
Hierarchy of information
Am I interested in positive impact
or risk…or both?
BANKS – FINANCED EMISSIONS
QUANTIFYING THE POSITIVES!
Project 1: Solar Power Station
A utility scale solar PV power
plant.
Project 2: Wind Farm
Largest single stage wind
farm in the southern
hemisphere.
Your Investments
Projects 3,4,5
Carbon Savings:
X tonnes pa
Carbon Savings:
700,000 tonnes pa
Project 3,4,5 etc...
xxxx
Per project
carbon savings
Carbon savings
attributed to your
investment
Carbon savings
attributed to
your portfolio
Carbon Savings:
X tonnes pa
Carbon Savings:
X tonnes per $mn
Carbon Savings:
X tonnes per $mn
Carbon Savings:
X tonnes per $mn
Climate Investments Portfolios save x tonnes carbon per $mn invested
x tonnes
per $mn
invested
AMBITION: BALANCE PORTFOLIO FOOTPRINT
Carbon Footprint
• Listed equities
• Corporate fixed income
Carbon Savings
• Green bonds
• Green real estate
• Green infrastructure
AN EVIDENCE BASE FROM WHICH TO
DEVELOP A STRATEGY
MEASURE
Divest
Hedge
Engage
Monitor
Manage
New
Products
Invest in companies &
assets best positioned
for a low carbon
economy
Quantify the benefits
>3x Capex spent by
world’s largest fossil
companies on
exploration than
dividends
e.g. Identify
Companies with coal
activities, proportion &
change over time
Embed environmental
considerations in your
investment strategy
Create new investment
products with reduced
carbon exposure
Strategic Asset Allocation
Green Bonds, Infrastructure
etc.
Undertake a carbon audit
of portfolio constituents to
understand your exposure
Address other
environmental issues
Address impacts in other
asset classes
COMMUNICATION
Lauren Smart
Executive Director
Trucost Plc, 22 Chancery Lane
London UK
Tel: +44 20 7160 9814
E-Mail: lauren.smart@trucost.com
QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?
THE MONTREAL
CARBON PLEDGE
Investor workshop on carbon footprinting, 17th June 2015
Yulia Sofronova, Networks & Global Outreach Manager, PRI
Sagarika Chatterjee, Associate Director, PRI
A CALL TO ACTION
1. Sign the Montréal Carbon Pledge
2. Ensure lobbying activities within your spheres of influence are at least neutral, if not supportive, of
strong climate action
3. Ask your CEO to meet your local finance minister to explain the risks to the global economy if we do not
get an ambitious agreement in Paris
“Investors have a sacred and legal fiduciary duty to engage with this issue. We have 15 months to put a
regulatory framework in place to guide us over the next 50 years. If we do not do this in Paris, it will take
another 10 years to rally the political will to come to another agreement. By 2025, it will be too late to keep
us under 2 degrees and it will be incredibly expensive.”
Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC, PRI in Person 2014
THE PRI’S 2015 ACTIVITIES TOWARDS COP21
Measure:
 Montréal Carbon Pledge
Engage:
 Investor Working Group on Corporate Climate Lobbying, water risk engagement
 G7 finance ministers urged to support strong global agreement
Reduce emissions:
 PRI Asset Owner Climate Change Strategy Project
 Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition
Events and peer-peer exchange:
 PRI in Person: 8 September in London
 Caring for Climate Business Forum: 7-9 December during COP21
PRI is focusing on enabling investors to:
MONTRÉAL CARBON PLEDGE
Consistent with the Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition’s disclosure target
 Announced at PRI in Person in September 2014
 For investors to measure and disclose the carbon
footprint of their portfolio on an annual basis
 Can apply to part or all of the portfolio
 Targeting 100 signatories and US$3 trillion of total
portfolio commitments ahead of the UNFCCC
meeting in Paris in December 2015
 Sign-up by 30th September, carbon footprint and
disclosure by 1st December 2015.
 Open to all investors to endorse at
www.montrealpledge.org
 How-To guide and case studies available
 Carbon data can be used to inform corporate
engagement strategies, integrated into investment
decisions and/or set carbon reduction targets
MONTRÉAL CARBON PLEDGE
50 signatories from the USA, Canada, Europe, Japan and Australia including:
 Etablissement du Régime Additionnel
de la Fonction Publique (ERAFP)
 PGGM Investments
 Bâtirente
 The Joseph Rowntree Charitable
Trust
 Environment Agency Pension Fund
 CalPERS
 AP4
 Nordea
 Calvert Investments
 Ownership Capital
 AP4
 Fonds de Réserve pour les Retraites
(FRR)
 Mirova
 Alliance Trust
 Folksam
 HESTA
 The Building Owners and
Managers Association of Canada
(BOMA Canada)
 The Co-operators Group Limited
 University of California
 PFZW
 Catholic Super
 Swedbank Robur Fonder AB
 Local Government Super
 Secom Pension Fund
 VicSuper
 BNP Paribas Investment Partners
 Caisse des Depots
 Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP
MONTRÉAL CARBON PLEDGE
 yourSRI.com
 South Pole Carbon
 Trucost
 Bloomberg
 MSCI ESG Research
 EIRIS
 ET Index
 INRATE
 Solactive CK Low Carbon Index Family
 Solactive CK Low Carbon Europe
 Solactive CK Low Carbon Canada
 Solactive CK Low Carbon US
 FTSE Developed ex Fossil Fuels Index Series
 S&P US Carbon Efficient Index
 S&P/IFC Carbon Efficient Index
 FTSE All Share Carbon Index
 MSCI Global Low Carbon Indexes
 MSCI Global Fossil Fuels Exclusion Indexes
 ET Low-Carbon Index Series
Service providers Low carbon investment indices
PRI Asset Owner Climate Change Strategy Project:
 Focuses on whether and how to set an emissions reduction goal
 Aims to assist asset owners in preparing for a transition to a low carbon economy
 Public report with recommendations and pilot framework in November 2015
The Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition:
 Encourages investors to measure and disclose carbon footprint – targeting US$500 billion in AUM
 Assembling an investor coalition that will in aggregate decarbonise US$100 billion in AUM
 Co-founded by AP4, Amundi Asset Management, UNEP FI and the Carbon Disclosure Project
WHAT FURTHER STEPS CAN INVESTORS TAKE?
Investor interest in:
 Coal divestment implications
 Low carbon investment opportunities
 Engagement: stranded assets, shareholder resolutions
 Regulation: France, California
Examples:
 Europe: AXA Group, BNP Paribas, Environment Agency Pension Fund and PFZW
 USA: CalPERS, University of California
 Australia: Local Government Super
GLOBAL TRENDS IN INVESTOR ACTION ON
CLIMATE CHANGE
RESOURCES
 How-To: Five steps to measure your portfolio’s carbon footprint: http://montrealpledge.org/how-to/the-five-
steps/
 Case studies: http://montrealpledge.org/how-to/case-studies/
 Engagement: http://www.unpri.org/areas-of-work/clearinghouse/coordinated-collaborative-engagements/
 PRI in Person 2015: http://www.unpri.org/events/pri-in-person-2015/
 Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition: http://unepfi.org/pdc/
Key questions for discussion
 What has been your experience of carbon footprinting?
 What are the key issues to address/key internal processes to
complete before embarking on this exercise?
 What are the main challenges/what are the main benefits of
footprinting?
 Should footprinting be extended to other asset classes?
 Towards a global standard for measuring carbon footprint?
 How could results be used?
 Objective setting
 Investment decisions and/or engagement with companies
 Selection and/or engagement with asset managers
 Reporting to beneficiaries
60
Contact:
Stephanie Pfeifer
Chief Executive
Email: spfeifer@iigcc.org
Or
Morgan LaManna
Project Manager
Email: mlamanna@iigcc.org
www.iigcc.org
Contact

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Carbon foot printing workshop in Helsinki on 17 June 2015

  • 1. Carbon foot printing workshop Helsinki 17th June 2015
  • 2. Agenda 8:30 Welcome – Jouni Keronen, CEO, Climate Leadership Council (CLC) 8:35 Introduction – Stephanie Pfeifer, IIGCC CEO • Global Investor Platform on Climate Action – background to workshops 8:45 Presentations from carbon foot print service providers • Maximilian Horster – South Pole Group • Véronique Menou - MSCI ESG • Lauren Smart - Trucost 9:40 The Montreal Carbon Pledge and trends in investor actions – Yulia Sofronova and Sagarika Chatterjee, PRI 9:50 Discussion with asset owners and managers • Tiina Landau - Ilmarinen Mutual Pension Insurance Company • Mika Leskinen – OP Group • Aila Aho – Nordea • Sagarika Chatterjee – PRI 10:30 Close
  • 3. PwC CEO Survey Launch, February 25, 2013 3
  • 4. ”In economics, things take longer to happen than you think they will, and they happen faster than you thought they could.” Rudiger Dornbusch 4
  • 5.
  • 6. Climate Leadership Council; Members 18.5.2015 and board for 6/2014-6/2016 J Keronen, Climate Leadership Council
  • 7. 7 “We’re the first generation to feel the impact of climate change and the last generation that can do something about it.” Gov. Jay Inslee Thank You!
  • 8. IIGCC – the collaborative platform for investors on climate change  More than 100 members in 9 countries, representing over €10 trillion in assets IIGCC’s Objectives  Policies and frameworks that support the low carbon transition  A robust carbon price signal  Energy efficiency measures  Removal of perverse incentives  Improved investor awareness  Adoption of best practice  Integration of climate risk and opportunities  Improved investor reporting Engage on policy that supports move to low carbon economy Inform and showcase investment practices 8
  • 9. Climate Change Investment Solutions: A Guide for Asset Owners – How to use it  Further engage with investment committees and trustee boards about climate change through:  Distributing the guide to investment committee and board members, holding in-house workshops, incorporating the actions into investment and/or board offsite meetings  Share with investment consultants and fund managers (across asset classes) to foster dialogue and action  Bring everyone up to the same level of understanding  Identify where your fund is strong and where it might consider taking further action  Prioritize actions and set objectives, targets, and milestones Find the Guide here: www.iigcc.org
  • 10. Map of investment solutions 10 Strategic review Mitigation investment actions Reduce carbon intensity of existing assets Invest in low carbon, energy efficient assets Adaptation investment actions Reduce climate vulnerability of existing assets Invest in climate adaptation opportunities Strategic asset allocation
  • 11.  Joint initiative of the investor networks  Launched during Paris Climate Week  Mentioned by French Finance Minister Michel Sapin in his address to the Climate Finance Day Highlighting investor actions
  • 12. Investor Platform for Climate Actions 12
  • 13. Carbon foot printing investment portfolios Why now?
  • 14. IIGCC’s carbon foot printing workshops European roadshow for investors  London – November 2014: Getting started with carbon foot printing, keys for asset owners.  Amsterdam – March 2015: Different metrics for different purposes - managing carbon asset risk or financing the low-carbon transition.  Stockholm – May 2015: So you have a footprint – now what?  Copenhagen – June 2015: Regional drivers of investor carbon measurement and communications.  Helsinki – June 2015: Setting internal carbon foot print investment policies and the Montreal Carbon Pledge  Next up – (TBC) Paris, Geneva/Zurich 14
  • 15. IIGCC Sample portfolio Top overweight and underweight holdings 15 Company name Portfolio Weight Benchmark Weight Over weight SAP SE 4.01% 0.1828% 3.83% QUALCOMM, Inc. 3.62% 0.3471% 3.28% Visa, Inc. 2.60% 0.2930% 2.30% Royal Bk Scot Grp 2.25% 0.0412% 2.21% Grainger W W Inc 2.05% 0.0426% 2.01% Axa 2.07% 0.1231% 1.95% Standard Chartered Plc 2.07% 0.1255% 1.94% Sumitomo Mitsui Fg 1.96% 0.1426% 1.81% Hong Kong Exchange 1.69% 0.0656% 1.62% Bayer Motoren Werk 1.72% 0.1099% 1.61% Company name Portfolio Weight Benchmark Weight Under weight Apple, Inc. 1.7% -1.7% Johnson & Johnson 0.8% -0.8% Wells Fargo & Co New 0.7% -0.7% General Electric Co 0.7% -0.7% Nestle SA 0.7% -0.7% Jpmorgan Chase & Co 0.6% -0.6% Procter & Gamble Co 0.6% -0.6% Exxon Mobil Corp 0.5% 1.1% -0.6% Novartis Ag 0.6% -0.6% Verizon Communications, Inc. 0.6% -0.6% TOP 10 OVERWEIGHT TOP 10 UNDERWEIGHT IIGCC developed a sample global equities portfolio with 100 companies.* The portfolio was not designed to be low-carbon - it could be anyone’s portfolio. *Copies of the full portfolio were distributed during the event. Contact Morgan LaManna at IIGCC for a copy or visit the Members’ Area of IIGCC’s website for more resources.
  • 16. IIGCC Sample portfolio Sector distribution 16 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% IIGCC Portfolio MSCI ACWI  Global equity portfolio - 100 stocks  Benchmarked against MSCI ACWI
  • 17. Key questions for service providers 17 1. How do you measure carbon footprint? 2. Is the IIGCC portfolio more or less carbon intensive than its benchmark? 3. How do you explain key differences? 4. What is your view on  product-related emissions  financed emissions  double counting  future emissions
  • 18. The Climate Impact of Investments An Introduction Dr. Maximilian Horster – Partner, South Pole Group South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 18
  • 19. About South Pole Group South Pole Group · June 2015 We measure and reduce environmental and social impact for 1’000+ clients. We enable our customers to create value from sustainability-related activities. Our staff of 130 employees in 17 offices worldwide are passionate to fight climate change. Page 19
  • 20. Financial industry reference South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 20
  • 21. A movement driven by asset owners… South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 21 Global Investor Statement on Climate Change of 350 investors Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition is formed, with now 10 members Montreal Pledge is announced. Over 50 signatories (USD 2.9tn) Mandatory investments footprinting in France Low Carbon Investment Registry reports USD 24bn of emission reducing investments by 45 investors
  • 22. It’s a journey… South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 22
  • 23. Comparison IIGCC Example Portfolio vs Benchmark South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 23 USD 1bn invested into the IIGCC Example Portfolio and the Benchmark. % IIGCC Example Portfolio % IIGCC Benchmark Difference 237,426 212,282 -25,144 739,108 619,084 -120,024 436,074 365,260 -70,814 0.32% 3,181,503 0.28% 2,844,574 85% 64% 21% 237 212 11% 340 264 22% 173 152 12% Emissions (tCO2e) per USD Millions of Revenue Weighted Emission / Weighted Sales Total Emissions Scope 1&2 (tCO2e) Total Emissions Scope 1,2 & 3 (tCO2e) Total Emissions Scope 1,2 & 3 (tCO2e) Minus Double Counting Total Offsetting Cost (USD) Percentage of Disclosing Companies Emissions (tCO2e) per USD 1 Million Invested Index tCO2e per USD 1m invested SMI Index 160 IIGCC Benchmark 212 IIGCC Portfolio 237 MSCI UK All Cap 240 S&P 500 270 OSEBX 300 MSCI Europe 320 Stoxx 50 570 Dax 750
  • 24. Comparing Apples with Apples South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 24 Investment Carbon Intensity (per $ invested) Revenue Carbon Intensity (per $ revenue) Investment Carbon Footprint (tCO2) Currency Exchange rate Portfolio Composition Market Cap Revenue GHG data Scope Approximations U N I T D A T E G H G Ceteris Paribus
  • 25. Forward-looking vs. Snapshot South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 25
  • 26. Widening & Deepening South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 26
  • 27. Strategies to act Engage Engage on Transparency and Performance Communicate Report your climate exposure/ impact to stakeholders Price externalities Apply environmental cost, offset GHG emissions Measure & set targets Set reduction targets for yourself & asset managers Divest Avoid fossil fuel exposure Hedge Focus on winners of low carbon economy South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 27
  • 28. Thank you South Pole Group · June 2015 Page 28 Maximilian Horster M.Horster@southpolecarbon.com
  • 29. © 2015 MSCI Inc. All rights reserved. Please refer to the disclaimer at the end of this document. UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING CARBON RISK IN INSTITUTIONAL PORTFOLIOS IIGCC Event June 2015
  • 30. Paris London Frankfurt Geneva Beijing Hong Kong Manila SydneyCape Town Mumbai San Francisco Boston New York Rockville Monterrey Toronto Portland Tokyo MSCI’S GLOBAL ESG TEAM • Global staff of over 200 dedicated full time to ESG business, including 120+ ESG research analysts • Over 800 clients with more than $15 trillion in assets globally • Over 40 years experience in ESG (IRRC, KLD, Innovest, GMI Ratings)
  • 31. CARBON FOOTPRINT KEY METRICS USED IN THE REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK Description Portfolio Carbon Emissions (tons of CO2e) Use case Portfolio Carbon Emissions per dollar of investment (tons CO2e / $ million invested) Sum of the emissions for all the positions in the portfolio based on the investor’s ownership share per million dollar invested Sum of the emissions for all the positions in the portfolio based on the investor’s ownership share (i.e. market cap) • Report on emissions (Montreal Pledge) • Set reduction targets Portfolio Carbon Intensity (tons CO2e / $ million sales) Portfolio Carbon Risk Exposure (tons CO2e / $) Weighted average of the issuers’ carbon intensity in a portfolio Ratio of portfolio carbon emissions normalized by the investor’s claims on sales 1 2 3 4 Financed Carbon Emissions (tons CO2e ) Sum of the emissions for all the positions in the portfolio using enterprise value to attribute investor’s share of emissions 5 • Report on emissions (Montreal Pledge) • Set reduction targets • Compare to benchmark and between portfolios • Report on normalized emissions • Compare to benchmark and between portfolios • Tool to measure carbon risks • Report on emissions for non-equity and multi asset class portfolios
  • 32. REQUEST FOR FEEDBACK: KEY FINDINGS 32 • Consultees split as to the best way to measure the carbon footprint No consensus on which metric is the Carbon Footprint • Broad consensus that presenting multiple metrics for emissions and intensity is useful because different use cases may warrant different measurements Presenting Multiple Metrics Makes Sense • Being able to explain the metric is important, as is the ability to use one metric for all portfolios (i.e. ideally not one for equity and another for Fixed Income/Multi- Asset Class) Simplicity is Key • Equity portfolios are currently the focus but there is broad interest in expanding to Fixed Income, albeit with an acknowledgement that FI is more challenging Incorporating Fixed Income is on the Horizon • Several consultees made a point of saying that any footprint measure is only as good as the underlying carbon emissions data. Data Quality is Key • Measuring footprint is useful but is limited in what it can tell you about a portfolio’s exposure to carbon risks. Carbon Portfolio Analysis should go beyond Footprint 30% 70% By Client type AO AM 12% 70% 18% By region APAC EMEA North America
  • 33. Key Statistics Carbon Emissions /$M Invested Carbon Emissions* Carbon Intensity Portfolio Carbon Risk exposure IIGCC Portfolio 238 238,482 338 220 MSCI ACWI 192 191,909 241 219 MSCI ACWI Low Carbon Target 57 56,864 78 92 T CO2e / $M T CO2e T CO2e / $M sales Based on investment of $1bn What is my portfolio’s exposure to carbon intensive companies relative to my benchmark? What carbon emissions are my investments responsible for? The sample portfolio is 40% more carbon intensive than the standard benchmark and 335% more carbon intensive than the low carbon benchmark Sample portfolio provided by the IIGCC 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Carbon Emissions/$1M Invested Carbon Intensity Weighted Average Carbon Intensity Portfolio Benchmark ACWI LC Target CARBON FOOTPRINTING & COMPARISON TO A BENCHMARK
  • 34. How does security selection within each sector affect my carbon risk exposure? What sectors are driving my carbon risk exposure? Sample portfolio provided by the IIGCC CARBON FOOTPRINTING & ATTRIBUTION ANALYSIS
  • 35. FORWARD-LOOKING ASSESSMENT: LARGEST CONTRIBUTORS TO EMISSIONS ASSESSED ON CARBON RISK MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Lafarge contributed 12% to portfolio emissions but demonstrated strong commitment to carbon risk management, with aggressive reduction targets Canadian Oil Sands is among the largest contributors and is considered a laggard in its industry in terms of carbon risk management  Engagement opportunity? *as of 31 October 2014. Past performance is not indicative of future returns or performance.
  • 36. EXPOSURE TO STRANDED ASSETS: 7% OF THE SAMPLE PORTFOLIO EXPOSED TO COAL & UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVES, CONTRIBUTED 75% TO THE PORTFOLIO’S POTENTIAL EMISSIONS *as of 31 October 2014. Past performance is not indicative of future returns or performance.
  • 37. CLEAN TECH SOLUTIONS: 8% OF THE PORTFOLIO OFFERS CLEAN TECH SOLUTIONS BUT ONLY 2% ARE “PURE PLAY” 2% 0% 6% 92% Portfolio Weight Grouped by Revenue Generated from Clean Technology Solutions >50% - 100% of Revenue >20% - 50% of Revenue >0% - 20% of Revenue No Revenue 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% Any Strategy Alternative Energy Energy Efficiency Sustainable Water Pollution Prevention Green Building Weight Weight of Companies Offering Clean Technology Solutions IIGCC Portfolio MSCI ACWI MSCI ACWI Low Carbon Target *as of 31 October 2014. Past performance is not indicative of future returns or performance.
  • 38. For more than 40 years, MSCI’s research-based indexes and analytics have helped the world’s leading investors build and manage better portfolios. Clients rely on our offerings for deeper insights into the drivers of performance and risk in their portfolios, broad asset class coverage and innovative research. Our line of products and services includes indexes, analytical models, data, real estate benchmarks and ESG research. MSCI serves 98 of the top 100 largest money managers, according to the most recent P&I ranking. For more information, visit us at www.msci.com. ABOUT MSCI 38
  • 39. AMERICAS Americas 1 888 588 4567 * Atlanta + 1 404 551 3212 Boston + 1 617 532 0920 Chicago + 1 312 675 0545 Monterrey + 52 81 1253 4020 New York + 1 212 804 3901 San Francisco + 1 415 836 8800 Sao Paulo + 55 11 3706 1360 Toronto + 1 416 628 1007 * = toll free msci.com clientservice@msci.com CONTACT US 39 EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA Cape Town + 27 21 673 0100 Frankfurt + 49 69 133 859 00 Geneva + 41 22 817 9777 London + 44 20 7618 2222 Milan + 39 02 5849 0415 Paris 0800 91 59 17 * ASIA PACIFIC China North 10800 852 1032 * China South 10800 152 1032 * Hong Kong + 852 2844 9333 Mumbai + 91 22 6784 9160 Seoul 00798 8521 3392 * Singapore 800 852 3749 * Sydney + 61 2 9033 9333 Taipei 008 0112 7513 * Tokyo 81 3 5290 1555
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  • 41. May 2015 Trucost presentation for IIGCC Stockholm Lauren Smart, Executive Director Carbon Audits: How, what, why?
  • 44. ISSUE DEEP DIVES: FOSSIL FUELS & RENEWABLES - SECTOR SPECIFC KPI’S Part of the “problem” or part of the solution? Am I interested in positive impact or risk…or both? 9 companies have exposure to coal (either mining or energy production) But…. 4 of those provide exposure to renewables 6 companies provide exposure to clean energy…. 5 of those also have exposure to fossil fuels
  • 45. SUPPORTING TRANSITION TO A LOW CARBON ECONOMY? RISK? TREND? Transition Metrics Risk MetricsImpact Metrics Different metrics to answer different questions.. • Proportion of activities in “green” vs “brown” and change over time • Fossil fuel reserves 1P & 2P (tonnes of coal, barrels of oil, bcf) • Embedded Carbon in reserves (tonnes of carbon) • Carbon regulation, costs & pass through 0 50 100 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Alliant Coal Power Generation Renewables 0 50 100 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 American Electric Coal Power Generation Renewables 0 20 40 60 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 PPL Corp Coal Power Generation Renewables
  • 46. AUTOS – SECTOR SPECIFIC KPI’S Company disclosure Model breakdown DEFRA "Real World" Manufacturing phase 3,705,296 3,705,296 3,705,296 3,705,296 Total vehicle use emissions tCO2 46,696,786 44,409,580 67,309,428 58,842,694 Emissions per car, manufacturing and usage 26 25 36 32 Total 2013 fleet emissions of BMW Company calculation In use phase emissions reported (tCO2) 46696786 Scope of fleet covered 83% Source CDP Quality assessment Uses regional emissions Data source Grade Data reported by the company using relevant methodology and covering all passenger and LCV operations GRADE 1 Data reported by the company using relevant methodology and scaled up from initial scope GRADE 2 Estimates from model/regional breakdown with emission factors provided by the company GRADE 3 Estimates from model breakdown from general averages GRADE 4 Hierarchy of information Am I interested in positive impact or risk…or both?
  • 47. BANKS – FINANCED EMISSIONS
  • 48. QUANTIFYING THE POSITIVES! Project 1: Solar Power Station A utility scale solar PV power plant. Project 2: Wind Farm Largest single stage wind farm in the southern hemisphere. Your Investments Projects 3,4,5 Carbon Savings: X tonnes pa Carbon Savings: 700,000 tonnes pa Project 3,4,5 etc... xxxx Per project carbon savings Carbon savings attributed to your investment Carbon savings attributed to your portfolio Carbon Savings: X tonnes pa Carbon Savings: X tonnes per $mn Carbon Savings: X tonnes per $mn Carbon Savings: X tonnes per $mn Climate Investments Portfolios save x tonnes carbon per $mn invested x tonnes per $mn invested AMBITION: BALANCE PORTFOLIO FOOTPRINT Carbon Footprint • Listed equities • Corporate fixed income Carbon Savings • Green bonds • Green real estate • Green infrastructure
  • 49. AN EVIDENCE BASE FROM WHICH TO DEVELOP A STRATEGY MEASURE Divest Hedge Engage Monitor Manage New Products Invest in companies & assets best positioned for a low carbon economy Quantify the benefits >3x Capex spent by world’s largest fossil companies on exploration than dividends e.g. Identify Companies with coal activities, proportion & change over time Embed environmental considerations in your investment strategy Create new investment products with reduced carbon exposure Strategic Asset Allocation Green Bonds, Infrastructure etc. Undertake a carbon audit of portfolio constituents to understand your exposure Address other environmental issues Address impacts in other asset classes COMMUNICATION
  • 50. Lauren Smart Executive Director Trucost Plc, 22 Chancery Lane London UK Tel: +44 20 7160 9814 E-Mail: lauren.smart@trucost.com QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?
  • 51. THE MONTREAL CARBON PLEDGE Investor workshop on carbon footprinting, 17th June 2015 Yulia Sofronova, Networks & Global Outreach Manager, PRI Sagarika Chatterjee, Associate Director, PRI
  • 52. A CALL TO ACTION 1. Sign the Montréal Carbon Pledge 2. Ensure lobbying activities within your spheres of influence are at least neutral, if not supportive, of strong climate action 3. Ask your CEO to meet your local finance minister to explain the risks to the global economy if we do not get an ambitious agreement in Paris “Investors have a sacred and legal fiduciary duty to engage with this issue. We have 15 months to put a regulatory framework in place to guide us over the next 50 years. If we do not do this in Paris, it will take another 10 years to rally the political will to come to another agreement. By 2025, it will be too late to keep us under 2 degrees and it will be incredibly expensive.” Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC, PRI in Person 2014
  • 53. THE PRI’S 2015 ACTIVITIES TOWARDS COP21 Measure:  Montréal Carbon Pledge Engage:  Investor Working Group on Corporate Climate Lobbying, water risk engagement  G7 finance ministers urged to support strong global agreement Reduce emissions:  PRI Asset Owner Climate Change Strategy Project  Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition Events and peer-peer exchange:  PRI in Person: 8 September in London  Caring for Climate Business Forum: 7-9 December during COP21 PRI is focusing on enabling investors to:
  • 54. MONTRÉAL CARBON PLEDGE Consistent with the Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition’s disclosure target  Announced at PRI in Person in September 2014  For investors to measure and disclose the carbon footprint of their portfolio on an annual basis  Can apply to part or all of the portfolio  Targeting 100 signatories and US$3 trillion of total portfolio commitments ahead of the UNFCCC meeting in Paris in December 2015  Sign-up by 30th September, carbon footprint and disclosure by 1st December 2015.  Open to all investors to endorse at www.montrealpledge.org  How-To guide and case studies available  Carbon data can be used to inform corporate engagement strategies, integrated into investment decisions and/or set carbon reduction targets
  • 55. MONTRÉAL CARBON PLEDGE 50 signatories from the USA, Canada, Europe, Japan and Australia including:  Etablissement du Régime Additionnel de la Fonction Publique (ERAFP)  PGGM Investments  Bâtirente  The Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust  Environment Agency Pension Fund  CalPERS  AP4  Nordea  Calvert Investments  Ownership Capital  AP4  Fonds de Réserve pour les Retraites (FRR)  Mirova  Alliance Trust  Folksam  HESTA  The Building Owners and Managers Association of Canada (BOMA Canada)  The Co-operators Group Limited  University of California  PFZW  Catholic Super  Swedbank Robur Fonder AB  Local Government Super  Secom Pension Fund  VicSuper  BNP Paribas Investment Partners  Caisse des Depots  Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP
  • 56. MONTRÉAL CARBON PLEDGE  yourSRI.com  South Pole Carbon  Trucost  Bloomberg  MSCI ESG Research  EIRIS  ET Index  INRATE  Solactive CK Low Carbon Index Family  Solactive CK Low Carbon Europe  Solactive CK Low Carbon Canada  Solactive CK Low Carbon US  FTSE Developed ex Fossil Fuels Index Series  S&P US Carbon Efficient Index  S&P/IFC Carbon Efficient Index  FTSE All Share Carbon Index  MSCI Global Low Carbon Indexes  MSCI Global Fossil Fuels Exclusion Indexes  ET Low-Carbon Index Series Service providers Low carbon investment indices
  • 57. PRI Asset Owner Climate Change Strategy Project:  Focuses on whether and how to set an emissions reduction goal  Aims to assist asset owners in preparing for a transition to a low carbon economy  Public report with recommendations and pilot framework in November 2015 The Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition:  Encourages investors to measure and disclose carbon footprint – targeting US$500 billion in AUM  Assembling an investor coalition that will in aggregate decarbonise US$100 billion in AUM  Co-founded by AP4, Amundi Asset Management, UNEP FI and the Carbon Disclosure Project WHAT FURTHER STEPS CAN INVESTORS TAKE?
  • 58. Investor interest in:  Coal divestment implications  Low carbon investment opportunities  Engagement: stranded assets, shareholder resolutions  Regulation: France, California Examples:  Europe: AXA Group, BNP Paribas, Environment Agency Pension Fund and PFZW  USA: CalPERS, University of California  Australia: Local Government Super GLOBAL TRENDS IN INVESTOR ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
  • 59. RESOURCES  How-To: Five steps to measure your portfolio’s carbon footprint: http://montrealpledge.org/how-to/the-five- steps/  Case studies: http://montrealpledge.org/how-to/case-studies/  Engagement: http://www.unpri.org/areas-of-work/clearinghouse/coordinated-collaborative-engagements/  PRI in Person 2015: http://www.unpri.org/events/pri-in-person-2015/  Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition: http://unepfi.org/pdc/
  • 60. Key questions for discussion  What has been your experience of carbon footprinting?  What are the key issues to address/key internal processes to complete before embarking on this exercise?  What are the main challenges/what are the main benefits of footprinting?  Should footprinting be extended to other asset classes?  Towards a global standard for measuring carbon footprint?  How could results be used?  Objective setting  Investment decisions and/or engagement with companies  Selection and/or engagement with asset managers  Reporting to beneficiaries 60
  • 61. Contact: Stephanie Pfeifer Chief Executive Email: spfeifer@iigcc.org Or Morgan LaManna Project Manager Email: mlamanna@iigcc.org www.iigcc.org Contact