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IDPF Digicon Future of Metadata
The document discusses the future of metadata and identifiers in the publishing industry as of 2025, highlighting various standards such as ISBN, DOI, and ISNI that help uniquely identify works and products. It emphasizes the importance of interoperable identifiers and linked data to enhance discoverability and facilitate the legitimate use of content in a digital environment. Key topics include the need for unique identifiers for different formats and the role of linked data in connecting various entities within the publishing ecosystem.
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IDPF Digicon Future of Metadata
- 1. Future of Metadata: ALook at 2025 2016 IDPF DIGICON @ BEA MAY 11 9:50–10:35
- 2. Speakers Patricia Payton Senior Manager,Provider Relations Phil Madans Executive Director, Digital Publishing Technology Graham Bell Executive Director Chip Nilges Vice President of Business Development
- 3. Future of Metadata: ALook at 2025 IDPF DigiCon May 11, 2016
- 4. “An identifier, generallya sequence of alpha-numeric characters, unambiguously differentiates one thing from another in a particular context.” –BISG Best Practices for Identifying Digital Products Identifiers Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 4
- 5. Discoverability Identifiers Book Madans – Futureof Metadata – IDPF 2016 5
- 6. Product Identifier • ISBNis a product identifier, not a work identifier. – Created to track a product through the supply chain • A work may comprise many products, in many formats and editions: Hardcover, Paperback, Large Print, Audio, eBook, Etc. • Each of those products should have it’s own ISBN • Each work may have many associated ISBNs The ISBN is a unique international identifier for monographic publications… --ISBN User’s Manual, Sixth Edition ISBN – International Standard Book Number Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 6
- 7. Work Identifier 7 Identifies anitem of intellectual property (in the abstract; not a product). – BISG’s Guide to Identifiers MOBY DICK Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016
- 8. FRBR Madans – Futureof Metadata – IDPF 2016 8
- 9. Book Industry WorkIdentifiers 9 Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016
- 10. International Standard TextCode • ISTC – ISO Standard • Identifies uniquely a textual work and its relationship to other works – Enables linkages to various products of the work • No implementation traction in the U.S. – Currently no U.S. Registration Agency Same text, same ISTC Hardcover Paperback Original Work Spanish Edition Abridged Audio Different texts, different, but linked, ISTCs Derived Work Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 10
- 11. Work Identifiers forOther Creative Works • ISWC (International Standard Musical Work Code) – A unique, permanent and internationally recognized ISO reference number for the identification of musical works. • ISAN – International Standard Audiovisual Number – A voluntary numbering system and metadata schema for the unique and persistent identification of any audiovisual works and versions thereof including films, shorts, documentaries, television programs, sports events, advertising, etc. • EIDR – Entertainment Identifier Registry – A universal unique identifier system for movie and television assets. From top level titles, edits, and DVDs, to encodings, clips and mash-ups, EIDR provides global unique identifiers for the entire range of audiovisual object types that are relevant to entertainment commerce. Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 11
- 12. Madans – Futureof Metadata – IDPF 2016 12
- 13. Madans – Futureof Metadata – IDPF 2016 13
- 14. How Data isLinked on the Internet Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 14
- 15. Digital Object Identifier •The DOI, an ISO Standard, is a unique, persistent digital identifier of an object—digital or physical. – Used extensively in Scientific and Journal Publishing – Can be assigned to a work, article, chapter, image, etc. – Promotes discovery – CrossRef.org • The DOI System provides a persistent link (most commonly a URL) to an object and standard metadata for that object. • A DOI can be any length and is structured: Prefix/Suffix Example: 10.1000/182 – Prefix 10.1000 identifies the DOI Registry and the Registrant (1000), International DOI Foundation – Suffix: 182 is the unique ID identifying the object, in this case the DOI Handbook – Should be displayed as URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1000/182 • DOI’s should not be used in place of ISBNs for book product. – However, an ISBN can be made actionable by encoding it in a DOI (ISBN-A) 15 Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016
- 16. International Standard NameIdentifier • ISNI – ISO Standard • Unambiguously identifies contributors to creative works and people or entities involved in their creation or distribution – Writers, artists, musicians, performers, producers, publishers, agents, etc. – Currently 9.2 million ISNIs assigned, including 500K organizations – “…the ISNI will act as a bridge identifier across multiple domains and become a critical component in Linked Data and Semantic Web applications.” -- www.isni.org • Bridge Identifier – Links identities across domains – Linked to standard and proprietary ID’s in databases – Search and discovery • Works are linked to ID’s Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 16
- 17. Madans – Futureof Metadata – IDPF 2016 17
- 18. International Standard LinkIdentifier • ISO standard published May 2015 • ISLI is a universal (decimal-based) identifier for links between entities… • Identifier is registered with metadata that specifies the link: – Jack marries Jill • Marries is the link and would have metadata about the link: date, place, location, etc. • Link ID is one-way. Jill marries Jack would need a different ID. – http://dx.doi.org/XX/XXX is referenced in ISBN 978XXXXXXXXXX • The music file located here (DOI) can be found in this book • Metadata can be registered to where in the book the reference occurs, ID for the piece of music Link Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 18
- 19. Madans – Futureof Metadata – IDPF 2016 19 “The purpose of the LCC is to facilitate and expand the legitimate use of content in the digital network through the effective use of interoperable identifiers and metadata.” http://www.linkedcontentcoalition.org/index.php Principles of Identification http://doi.org/10.1000/287
- 20. Index Standard BookIndustry Identifiers • Product Identifiers – ISBN – International Standard Book Number • http://www.isbn.org – GTIN – Global Trade Item Number • http://barcodes.gs1us.org/Default.aspx?tabid=81 • EAN – International Article Number • UPC – Uniform Product Code – EPC – Electronic Product Code • http://www.epcglobalus.org/ – ISMN – International Standard Music Number • http://www.ismn-international.org/ – ISSN – Intl Standard Serial Number • http://www.issn.org/ – OCLC Control Number • http://oclc.org/en-US/ • Contributor Identifiers – ISNI – International Standard Name Identifier • www.isni.org – IPI – Interested Party Identifier (Music) • http://www.cisac.org/ – ORCID – Open Researcher and Contributor ID • https://orcid.org • Assembly Identifiers – ISTC – Intl Standard Text Code • http://www.istc-international.org/ – LC Number – Library of Congress Number • http://www.loc.gov/catdir • Expression Identifiers – ISRC – Intl Standard Recording Code • http://www.ifpi.org/isrc • Hybrid Identifiers – DOI – Digital Object Identifier • http://www.doi.org/ , http://www.crossref.org/ • Distribution Identifiers – GLN -- Global Location Number • http://barcodes.gs1us.org/Default.aspx?tabi d=81 – SAN – Standard Address Number • http://www.isbn.org/standards/home/isbn/us /san/ • Link Identifiers – ISLI – International Standard Link Identifier • http://www.isli-international.org/isli/en/index
- 21. BISG Guide toIdentifiers https://www.bisg.org/guide-identifiers-0 Madans – Future of Metadata – IDPF 2016 21
- 22. Thank You! Phil Madans ExecutiveDirector of Digital Publishing Technology Hachette Book Group Chair, BISG Identification Committee phil.madans@hbgusa.com
- 44. International Digital PublishingForum | May 11, 2016 | Chicago, IL Future of Metadata: A Look at 2025 The role of library linked data
- 45. Vice President, BusinessDevelopment Chip Nilges
- 46. Founded in 1967 as theOhio College Library Center 16,957 members worldwide 1,200+staff 18offices in 10countries OCLC headquarters in Dublin, OH USA
- 47. Partnerships Content Providers LibraryServices Providers Consumer Services Providers
- 49. Web of documents •Pages and files • Human readable • Independent • Static Two views of the web Web of data • Statements about entities (“things”) • Machine processed • Integrated • Actionable
- 50. • Any conceptualthing can have a name (URI) on the Web. • Those URIs return important information back in a standard format. • This information includes explicit relationships to other things with URIs. URI = Uniform Resource Identifier Principles of linked data
- 51. Where can yousee linked data?
- 52. Linked data triples raven isin the genus objectsubject 2 31 eating behavior relationship corvus carnivorous
- 53. Linked data forlibraries (and publishers) “The Raven” 1845 “Edgar Allen Poe” was written by was first published in Publisher XYZ is available from…
- 54. Schema.org • Retail structure •Very general • Extensible • “Front office” uses • Developed by major search engines Google, Yahoo, Yandex Two “flavors” of linked data BIBFRAME • Library structure • Very specific • Industry-focused • “Back office” uses • Developed by the Library of Congress and others in the library community
- 55. 365million records 2.3billion holdings 46milliondigital items 17million eBooks *As of February 26, 2016
- 56. • WorldCat.org linkeddata using Schema.org format • WorldCat Works: 197 million work descriptions • FAST: faceted subject heading schema derived from the Library of Congress Subject Headings with links to LCSH Authorities as will as other authoritative sources such as VIAF, GeoNames, and Wikipedia. • ISNI: uniquely identifies identities of contributors to media content • VIAF: international authority file that “switches” forms of names based on language or script of the user. OCLC’s linked data resources
- 57.
- 58. “Same As” API using identifier JanetA. Smith Name Authority File 2 Janet B. A. Smith Name Authority File 1 Janet B. Adam Smith Name Authority File 3 Janet Adam Smith Name Authority File 4 WorldCat Person Entity Lookup Pilot Janet A. Smith Name Authority File 2 ?
- 59. “Search” API using text string JanetA. Smith Name Authority File 2 Janet B. A. Smith Name Authority File 1 Janet B. Adam Smith Name Authority File 3 Janet Adam Smith Name Authority File 4 WorldCat Person Entity Lookup Pilot ? janet smith
- 63. By including metadataand holdings in the OCLC global data network: – Content is discoverable in OCLC library applications as well as through library partner applications – Content is syndicated through OCLC consumer service provider partners Benefits to partners
- 64. Library linked data: makingthe metadata in libraries: • Work harder • Show up in more places • Easier to work with • More transparent • More portable
- 65. Thank you! Chip Nilges VicePresident, Business Development nilgesc@oclc.org For more information about partnerships with OCLC, contact busdev@oclc.org