identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be found. list two of the devices provided by the text.
1. Explain what types of evidence you would look for on those devices
2. Explain what limitations you might have, or what hurdles you would have to clear before searching those devices (BOTH as a company IT professional and a law enforcement officer).
3. Identify what, if any, policies would need to be in place for you to search as a private employee, as well as what limits can be placed on the search by police.
Solution
1.
1. Digital evidence is defined as data and information of value to an investigation which is stored on, received or transmitted by an electronic device.
2. Evidence can be acquired when electronic devices are seized and secured for examination.
3. The following are some of the examples of Digital Evidences.
- Information or Data can be altered, destroyed or damaged with little effort.
- Information or Data can be hidden like finger prints i.e Biometric.
- Information or data crosses jurisdictional borders quickly and easily.
- Information and Data can be duplicated.
2. Limitations of Digital Evidence:
1. Investigative limitations are primarily due to encryption and proprietary systems that require decoding before data or information can be accessed.
2. Unlike what is portrayed on popular television crime shows, decoding an encrypted password can take a very long time, even with sophisticated software.
3. There are both legal and technical limitations in this area of investigation.
4. Laws governing processing and prosecution are different from state to state.
5. Digital crime can easily cross jurisdictions, making standardization an increasingly critical law enforcement issue.
6. Digital Evidence can be get through Computers, Internet and Mobile devices.
7. Global access to information and to other computers, criminals are able to use this access to hack into financial and communications systems, major corporations and government networks to steal money, identities and information, or to sabotage systems.
8. Computer crimes continue to be a growing problem in both the public and private sector. A single computer can contain evidence of criminal activity carried out on the web, or the criminal use can be contained in the computer itself, such as pornography, copyright infringement, extortion, counterfeiting and much more. Digital evidence is located on the computer\'s hard drive and peripheral equipment, including removable media such as thumb drives and CD-ROM discs.
9. Mobile devices allow criminals to engage in an ever-growing variety of activities and the devices keep track of every move and message. It is this tracking capability that turns mobile devices into key evidence in many cases
.
identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be (2).docxmckerliejonelle
identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be found. list two of the devices provided by the text. 1.Explain what types of evidence you would look for on those devices 2.Explain what limitations you might have, or what hurdles you would have to clear before searching those devices (BOTH as a company IT professional and a law enforcement officer). 3.Identify what, if any, policies would need to be in place for you to search as a private employee, as well as what limits can be placed on the search by police.
Solution
Digital evidence or electronic evidence is any probative information stored or transmitted in digital form that a party to a court case may use at trial. [1] Before accepting digital evidence a court will determine if the evidence is relevant, whether it is authentic, if it is hearsay and whether a copy is acceptable or the original is required.
The use of digital evidence has increased in the past few decades as courts have allowed the use of e-mails, digital photographs,ATM transaction logs, word processing documents, instant message histories, files saved from accounting programs, spreadsheets,internet browser histories, databases, the contents of computer memory, computer backups, computer printouts, Global Positioning System tracks, logs from a hotel’s electronic door locks, and digital video or audio files.
Many courts in the United States have applied the Federal Rules of Evidence to digital evidence in a similar way to traditional documents, although important differences such as the lack of established standards and procedures have been noted. In addition, digital evidence tends to be more voluminous, more difficult to destroy, easily modified, easily duplicated, potentially more expressive, and more readily available. As such, some courts have sometimes treated digital evidence differently for purposes ofauthentication, hearsay, the best evidence rule, and privilege. In December 2006, strict new rules were enacted within the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure requiring the preservation and disclosure of electronically stored evidence. Digital evidence is often attacked for its authenticity due to the ease with which it can be modified, although courts are beginning to reject this argument without proof of tampering.
.
A TSCM presentation that we provide to stakeholders. If you would like us to speak please provide a 4 hour time period and we will schedule your briefing.
https://digitalguardian.com/blog/social-engineering-attacks-common-techniques-how-prevent-attack
Statement of Michelle Richardson, Director, Privacy & Data
Center for Democracy & Technology
before the
United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
GDPR & CCPA: Opt-ins, Consumer Control, and the Impact on Competition and Innovation
March 12, 2019
On behalf of the Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), thank you for the
opportunity to testify about the importance of crafting a federal consumer privacy law that
provides meaningful protections for Americans and clarity for entities of all sizes and sectors.
CDT is a nonpartisan, nonprofit 501(c)(3) charitable organization dedicated to advancing the
rights of the individual in the digital world. CDT is committed to protecting privacy as a
fundamental human and civil right and as a necessity for securing other rights such as access to
justice, equal protection, and freedom of expression. CDT has offices in Washington, D.C., and
Brussels, and has a diverse funding portfolio from foundation grants, corporate donations, and
individual donations.1
The United States should be leading the way in protecting digital civil rights. This hearing
is an opportunity to learn how Congress can improve upon the privacy frameworks offered in
the European Union via the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California
Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) to craft a comprehensive privacy law that works for the U.S. Our
digital future should be one in which technology supports human rights and human dignity. This
future cannot be realized if people are forced to choose between protecting their personal
information and using the technologies and services that enhance our lives. This future depends
on clear and meaningful rules governing data processing; rules that do not simply provide
1 All donations over $1,000 are disclosed in our annual report and are available online at:
https://cdt.org/financials/.
2
people with notices and check boxes but actually protect them from privacy and security
abuses and data-driven discrimination; protections that cannot be signed away.
Congress should resist the narratives that innovative technologies and strong privacy
protections are fundamentally at odds, and that a privacy law would necessarily cement the
market dominance of a few large companies. Clear and focused privacy rules can help
companies of all sizes gain certainty with respect to appropriate and inappropriate uses of data.
Clear rules will also empower engineers and product managers to design for privacy on the
front end, rather than having to wait for a public privacy scandal to force the rollback of a
product or data practice.
We understand that drafting comprehensive privacy legislation is a complex endeavor.
Over the past year we have worked with partners in civil societ.
As our digital records are likely to be cyber-breached several times and/or we all have to deal with legal proceedings, learn how to use digital forensics experts efficiently.
identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be (2).docxmckerliejonelle
identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be found. list two of the devices provided by the text. 1.Explain what types of evidence you would look for on those devices 2.Explain what limitations you might have, or what hurdles you would have to clear before searching those devices (BOTH as a company IT professional and a law enforcement officer). 3.Identify what, if any, policies would need to be in place for you to search as a private employee, as well as what limits can be placed on the search by police.
Solution
Digital evidence or electronic evidence is any probative information stored or transmitted in digital form that a party to a court case may use at trial. [1] Before accepting digital evidence a court will determine if the evidence is relevant, whether it is authentic, if it is hearsay and whether a copy is acceptable or the original is required.
The use of digital evidence has increased in the past few decades as courts have allowed the use of e-mails, digital photographs,ATM transaction logs, word processing documents, instant message histories, files saved from accounting programs, spreadsheets,internet browser histories, databases, the contents of computer memory, computer backups, computer printouts, Global Positioning System tracks, logs from a hotel’s electronic door locks, and digital video or audio files.
Many courts in the United States have applied the Federal Rules of Evidence to digital evidence in a similar way to traditional documents, although important differences such as the lack of established standards and procedures have been noted. In addition, digital evidence tends to be more voluminous, more difficult to destroy, easily modified, easily duplicated, potentially more expressive, and more readily available. As such, some courts have sometimes treated digital evidence differently for purposes ofauthentication, hearsay, the best evidence rule, and privilege. In December 2006, strict new rules were enacted within the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure requiring the preservation and disclosure of electronically stored evidence. Digital evidence is often attacked for its authenticity due to the ease with which it can be modified, although courts are beginning to reject this argument without proof of tampering.
.
A TSCM presentation that we provide to stakeholders. If you would like us to speak please provide a 4 hour time period and we will schedule your briefing.
https://digitalguardian.com/blog/social-engineering-attacks-common-techniques-how-prevent-attack
Statement of Michelle Richardson, Director, Privacy & Data
Center for Democracy & Technology
before the
United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
GDPR & CCPA: Opt-ins, Consumer Control, and the Impact on Competition and Innovation
March 12, 2019
On behalf of the Center for Democracy & Technology (CDT), thank you for the
opportunity to testify about the importance of crafting a federal consumer privacy law that
provides meaningful protections for Americans and clarity for entities of all sizes and sectors.
CDT is a nonpartisan, nonprofit 501(c)(3) charitable organization dedicated to advancing the
rights of the individual in the digital world. CDT is committed to protecting privacy as a
fundamental human and civil right and as a necessity for securing other rights such as access to
justice, equal protection, and freedom of expression. CDT has offices in Washington, D.C., and
Brussels, and has a diverse funding portfolio from foundation grants, corporate donations, and
individual donations.1
The United States should be leading the way in protecting digital civil rights. This hearing
is an opportunity to learn how Congress can improve upon the privacy frameworks offered in
the European Union via the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California
Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) to craft a comprehensive privacy law that works for the U.S. Our
digital future should be one in which technology supports human rights and human dignity. This
future cannot be realized if people are forced to choose between protecting their personal
information and using the technologies and services that enhance our lives. This future depends
on clear and meaningful rules governing data processing; rules that do not simply provide
1 All donations over $1,000 are disclosed in our annual report and are available online at:
https://cdt.org/financials/.
2
people with notices and check boxes but actually protect them from privacy and security
abuses and data-driven discrimination; protections that cannot be signed away.
Congress should resist the narratives that innovative technologies and strong privacy
protections are fundamentally at odds, and that a privacy law would necessarily cement the
market dominance of a few large companies. Clear and focused privacy rules can help
companies of all sizes gain certainty with respect to appropriate and inappropriate uses of data.
Clear rules will also empower engineers and product managers to design for privacy on the
front end, rather than having to wait for a public privacy scandal to force the rollback of a
product or data practice.
We understand that drafting comprehensive privacy legislation is a complex endeavor.
Over the past year we have worked with partners in civil societ.
As our digital records are likely to be cyber-breached several times and/or we all have to deal with legal proceedings, learn how to use digital forensics experts efficiently.
What is cyber law?
What is cyber crime?
Cybercrimes areas
what law relating to
Data protection and privacy
Software Licensing Issues
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Policy Versus Law
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Crime and violence are inherent in our political and social system. With the moving pace of technology, the
popularity of internet grows continuously, with not only changing our views of life, but also changing the
way crime takes place all over the world. We need a technology that can be used to bring justice to those
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various measures being taken in order to control and deal with the crime related to digital devices. This
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As part of my fellowship to Internet Society's Global Volunteer Program 2020 I have written a short paper on the State of Encryption in Kenya. My hope is that this will bring forth discussions on the topic from members in the Kenyan chapter and scale it into a local initiative with a vision and goals.
I plan to engage with members in advancing Encryption with your support and look forward to your engagement and collaboration.
Please feel free to reach out, comment, share an opinion and start a conversation about Encryption in Kenya.
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identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be.docx
1. identifies several types of devices on which digital evidence could be found. list two of the
devices provided by the text.
1. Explain what types of evidence you would look for on those devices
2. Explain what limitations you might have, or what hurdles you would have to clear before
searching those devices (BOTH as a company IT professional and a law enforcement officer).
3. Identify what, if any, policies would need to be in place for you to search as a private
employee, as well as what limits can be placed on the search by police.
Solution
1.
1. Digital evidence is defined as data and information of value to an investigation which is stored
on, received or transmitted by an electronic device.
2. Evidence can be acquired when electronic devices are seized and secured for examination.
3. The following are some of the examples of Digital Evidences.
- Information or Data can be altered, destroyed or damaged with little effort.
- Information or Data can be hidden like finger prints i.e Biometric.
- Information or data crosses jurisdictional borders quickly and easily.
- Information and Data can be duplicated.
2. Limitations of Digital Evidence:
1. Investigative limitations are primarily due to encryption and proprietary systems that require
decoding before data or information can be accessed.
2. 2. Unlike what is portrayed on popular television crime shows, decoding an encrypted password
can take a very long time, even with sophisticated software.
3. There are both legal and technical limitations in this area of investigation.
4. Laws governing processing and prosecution are different from state to state.
5. Digital crime can easily cross jurisdictions, making standardization an increasingly critical law
enforcement issue.
6. Digital Evidence can be get through Computers, Internet and Mobile devices.
7. Global access to information and to other computers, criminals are able to use this access to
hack into financial and communications systems, major corporations and government networks
to steal money, identities and information, or to sabotage systems.
8. Computer crimes continue to be a growing problem in both the public and private sector. A
single computer can contain evidence of criminal activity carried out on the web, or the criminal
use can be contained in the computer itself, such as pornography, copyright infringement,
extortion, counterfeiting and much more. Digital evidence is located on the computer's hard
drive and peripheral equipment, including removable media such as thumb drives and CD-ROM
discs.
9. Mobile devices allow criminals to engage in an ever-growing variety of activities and the
devices keep track of every move and message. It is this tracking capability that turns mobile
devices into key evidence in many cases
