Icy island
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According to a story first mentioned by Socrates and recorded by Herodotus, Icy Island was a large, fertile island located in Greece that was home to a advanced civilization led by King Ice. The island was destroyed by a volcanic eruption and earthquakes around 9,000 years ago, sinking beneath the sea and disappearing from existence. Archaeologists and scientists continue to search for evidence of the lost civilization described as being located on an island "as large as Europe and Russia together."
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- The factors that led to the formation of early states like the beginning of sedentary agriculture and increased trade.
- Ancient states that emerged including Punt, the kingdom of Da'amat, cultural centers in northern Ethiopia and Eritrea like Yeha, and the powerful Aksumite state that dominated trade routes.
- The Zagwe dynasty that ruled after the decline of Aksum and was known for constructing elaborate rock-hewn churches like those at Lalibela.
- How the Aksumite civilization influenced
History of Entrepreneurship in Greece
1. Entrepreneurship has existed in humanity since ancient times, as evidenced by figures like Prometheus in Greek mythology who stole fire and enabled new businesses. The ancient Greeks recognized the importance of entrepreneurship through gods like Hermes.
2. Early forms of entrepreneurship and trade developed as early as 3000 BC in Mesopotamia and Egypt, where innovative transport methods like towing ships and using animal skins as rafts enabled trade. Distinct rules and early companies governed trade.
3. The Phoenicians were also skilled traders and navigators who founded important colonies and traded goods across the Mediterranean and beyond in the 8th century BC. Various ancient Greek civilizations like the Minoans and
7 wonders of the World
The document provides information on several ancient wonders and structures from around the world, including:
- The Giza Necropolis in Egypt, home to the oldest of the ancient wonders, the only one still in existence.
- The Colossus of Rhodes, a statue built in the harbor of Rhodes that stood for over 60 years before an earthquake destroyed it.
- The Colosseum in Rome, where the movie "The Return of the Dragon" filmed fighting scenes between Bruce Lee and Chuck Norris.
- Machu Picchu, the ancient Inca city located in Peru at an altitude of 2450 meters.
- The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, whose existence is debated due to a lack of
Axum
The document provides an overview of the ancient Kingdom of Aksum located in what is now Eritrea and Ethiopia. It flourished between 100-940 AD and grew to become a major trading empire, facilitating trade between Rome/Byzantium and India. Aksum adopted Christianity in the 4th century and left behind significant architectural remains including large obelisks and tombs. It minted its own currency and had foreign relations across the Red Sea region and beyond. The document also discusses Aksumite society, culture, and the legend of the Queen of Sheba's visit to King Solomon which Ethiopians believe founded their Solomonic dynasty.
Ancient Aegean Art
The document provides an overview of the three ancient Aegean cultures - the Cycladics, Minoans, and Mycenaeans. It discusses their geographic locations, time periods of prominence, and artistic achievements. The Cycladics inhabited the Cyclades Islands and produced marble figurines. The Minoan civilization was based on Crete and reached its peak around 1700-1500 BCE, evidenced by their elaborate palaces at Knossos, Phaistos, and Malia. The Minoans excelled in pottery, frescoes, and international trade. The Mycenaeans inhabited mainland Greece and were influenced by Minoan and Cycladic cultures.
Milos island Greece (Nikos)
The document summarizes the history and key attractions of Milos Island in Greece. It describes how the island was inhabited since 7000 BC due to its mineral wealth, including obsidian deposits. It played an important role in the Cycladic civilization and was later settled by Dorians in 1000 BC. Two famous statues, the Venus de Milo and a large Poseidon statue, were discovered on the island. The document also details the island's large underground Christian catacombs and the famous marble statue of Aphrodite now housed in the Louvre that was found there in 1820.
About the history and the monuments of our country Greece and of our island,...
This document provides a summary of the history of Greece and the island of Rhodes. It discusses important historical events and monuments in Greece such as the Ancient Olympic Games, Athens and the birth of democracy, Alexander the Great's expansion of Greek influence, and the modern Greek state established in 1830. For Rhodes, it outlines the classical, Roman, Byzantine, Knights', Ottoman, and Italian periods of history and some of the significant developments that occurred during each era, including construction of fortifications and public buildings. The document also describes some of Rhodes' most prominent archaeological sites like the Palace of Knossos and important historical monuments in Greece like the Acropolis of Athens and the Parthenon.
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Asian Maritime Trade before 1500 v2.0
In 2.0 version of the presentation, I have added several slides on the Srivijaya and of the Chola Empire and reconstruction of the Borobudur ship.
To cover over 2 millennium of maritime trade, in the Middle East, India, SE Asia and China under 50 slides, can only give us the briefest gleam into the course of history. To get the benefit of the slides, you will need to set aside some time to read through the contents. Our perceptions on the maritime contacts are changing too. The discovery in particular of dozens of ancient shipwrecks in Southeast Asia has built up a picture of the historic trade and the technology.
The voyage of the Chinese mariner Zhenghe and his voyages to the Indian Ocean. Until recently it is relatively unknown in the West. When I get started, I found that these spectacular Zhenghe's voyages were only the last brilliant chapter of the Asian Maritime book, before the arrival of the European by sea. As I dig deeper, I discovered dozen of shipwrecks and the achievements went far into the past.
The Srivijaya was the Asian equivalent of the European maritime power, like Venice. Their power was based on the control of the sea-lanes, with a series of ports and they rarely ventured into the hinterlands. This and other powers in Southeast Asia were in turned seeded by an even older maritime power in south India, the Cholas Empire. From India the journey took me further west to the lands of the Arab and Persian, the maritime world of Sinbad the Sailor. Until the arrival of the European and before the development of the Chinese maritime network in the Tang Dynasty, Arab dhows sailed across the ocean and the seas from ends to ends, linking distance people of China to the European. At last, I arrived in Alexandria, the ancient trading hub of the Mediterranean world, a bridge between the East with the West.
In the slides, I have included three incidences of overseas traders being massacred in Chinese history. This is not to put black marks on an otherwise successful Chinese civilisation, but to remind ourselves how history have been sanctified one way or another. History should be a honest account of the past, without distortions and omissions. History is the witness. I hope in these few slides, would help to understanding an aspect of human civilization on Earth. Too often our own ego-centric interest becomes a source of our own ignorance.
Alexandria Found and Lost - an online lecture by Dr Chris Naunton
Dr. Chris Naunton provides historical background on Alexandria, founded by Alexander the Great in Egypt in 332 BCE. Strabo's writings from the 1st century CE describe the layout of Ptolemaic Alexandria, including its two harbors, the Pharos lighthouse, royal palaces and gardens, and public buildings like the museum. Over time, Alexandria was lost and rediscovered, with few remains of its ancient glory. Excavations have uncovered remnants of the city walls, temples like the Caesareum and Serapeum, and civic structures like the stadium.
Cultural Heritage of Turkey
Turkey has a rich cultural heritage spanning many ancient civilizations and empires. There are 13 UNESCO World Heritage sites in Turkey representing its diverse architectural and archaeological treasures, including Cappadocia's fairy chimneys, Hattusa the Hittite capital, Mount Nemrut's monumental statues, and Troy which may have been the site of the legendary Trojan War. Turkey's cultural influences come from varied peoples like the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines and Ottomans who ruled areas that are now part of modern Turkey over centuries, leaving behind buildings, art, and artifacts that testify to Turkey's important place in history.
10 monuments in greece 2
The Acropolis is located in Athens and features several important structures from ancient Greece, most notably the Parthenon temple dedicated to the goddess Athena. Other structures on the Acropolis include the Theatre of Dionysus and the Erechtheion temple. The Acropolis became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987.
Rhodes island ( Nikos)
The document provides information about Rhodes island in Greece. It discusses the island's name, mythology, early residents called the Telhines, and notable landmarks including the Old Town, New Town, beaches, and sites outside the main towns. It also provides a detailed overview of the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, which was a massive bronze statue that stood over 30 meters tall before being destroyed by an earthquake.
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The students read about the myth of Atlantis and drew pictures inspired by the story. According to the myth, Poseidon fell in love with a woman from the island of Atlantis and turned it into a paradise. However, over time the people of Atlantis became greedy and corrupt. In response, Poseidon destroyed the island with an enormous wave, submerging it under the sea.
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Chapter 2
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Icy island
- 1. ICY ISLAND
- 2. Imaginary island in Greece. First mentioned by Socrates . The information is derived from Herodotus, while he was travelling all over Greece.
- 3. Among others he learned about the existence of the Icy country, an island as large as Europe and Russia together, which disappeared from a volcanic eruption and many earthquakes about 9.000 years ago.
- 4. First king was Ice, son of Frost. His descendants developed a great civilization on the island. Because of the volcanic ash the land was fertile and it had minerals (gold, silver, copper). They made works of art (statues, buildings, jewellery e.t.c.) with them. They also made coins and consequently, they developed trading.
- 5. The capital was built on the most serene beach of the island and it was an important port. It had wide, paved roads and big beautiful buildings. On a hill was the Glorious Palace of the King, surrounded by the temples of Gods and on a lower level there were the luxurious homes of top officials.
- 6. This country was very rich because of trade and fertile land. Apart from trade and shipping, people were farmers, ranchers and great artists. Their works of art, valuable utensils, brilliant statues, ornately woven, wood carvings were sold everywhere and gave them big profits.
- 7. The wonderful frozen waterfalls was the characteristic of this island. Although they were all frozen, there was rich flora and fauna.
- 8. People were very happy and lived peacefully with their neighbours. It is worth noting that they never had wars and enemies, so they were occupied with important things.
- 9. Today scientists from all over the world make inquires about this island. However there is no doubt about the existence of the ICY COUNTRY!!!