Precipitation. The rain falling from clouds corresponds to the precipitation step of the water cycle. Other items that correspond to steps include: - Evaporation from the surface of the ocean/lakes - Condensation of water vapor into clouds - Runoff of water flowing into streams/rivers after rain falls on land - Accumulation of water in oceans, lakes, soil, and groundwater

1. The Hydrosphere, Freshwater
Distribution, and the Water Cycle

2. ENGAGE
You walk by this stream every day on your way
home from school. But today, something is
different – you notice some dead fish in the water!
?What might have caused this?

3. What is the hydrosphere?
ALL of Earth’s water!
Everywhere:
• Surface
• Underground
• Air
All kinds:
• Liquid
• Vapor
• Ice
• Includes water in the oceans, lakes, rivers,
wetlands, polar ice caps, soil, rock layers
beneath Earth’s surface, and clouds
• 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered in water

4. Why is water important?
 Supports life
 Helps form weather
 Shapes the surface of Earth

5. PROPERTIES OF WATER
1. Could be in liquid form, not just solid or
and gas
- can travel different places and reach
organisms
- it picks up nutrients and other
materials that oanisms need to survive.
- its being liquid form makes it easy to
circulate in the system of organisms.

6. PROPERTIES OF WATER
2. Has neutral pH
- neither acidic nor alkaline
- can be tolerated by organisms without any
harmful reaction to the body
3. Good conductor of heat and energy
- help regulate the overall temperature of Earth
4. High specific heat
- give time to the organism to adapt to any
changes in atmospheric heat like climat change

7. PROPERTIES OF WATER
5. Univesal solvent
- some of the minerals and substances
needed by organsims can be dissolved by
water.

8. • 97.2% of all of the water on Earth is found in the
oceans
• Due to the salt content of ocean water, we are
unable to use it
– Salt water can be cleaned by a process known as
desalination
• This leaves only 2.8% of the Earth’s water as
freshwater
• Only 0.8% of which is drinkable
The Earth’s Water

9. • The 2.8% of
freshwater is
divided into:
– Glaciers and Ice
Caps = 2.15%
– Groundwater =
0.62%
– Surface Water =
0.03%
Freshwater Distribution

10. • The 0.03% of surface
water is divided into:
– Lakes = 0.017%
– Soil = 0.005%
– Atmosphere = 0.001%
• This refers to water vapor
in the air
– Streams = 0.0001%
Surface Water Distribution

11. • The previous percentages referred to
all the world’s water but it can be
adjusted to reflect percentages based
on a 100% scale

12. • Water constantly
moves among the
oceans, the
atmosphere, the
solid Earth, and the
biosphere. This
unending
circulation of
Earth’s water
supply is the water
cycle
The Water Cycle

13. • _____________________ – the process in which
water pools in large bodies (like oceans, seas and
lakes)
• _____________________ – the process in which
water vapor (a gas) in the air turns into liquid water
– Process by which water forms clouds in the sky
– Process by which water drops form on the outside of a glass
of icy water on a hot day
• _____________________ – the process in which
liquid water becomes water vapor (a gas)
– Water vaporizes from the surfaces of oceans and lakes, from
the surface of the land, and from melts in snow fields
Steps of the Water Cycle
Accumulation
Condensation
Evaporation

14. • _____________________ – the process in
which water (in the form of rain, snow, sleet,
or hail) falls from clouds in the sky
• _____________________ – the draining
away of water (or substances carried in it)
from the surface of an area
• _____________________ – the process in
which some water within plants evaporates
into the atmosphere
– Water is first absorbed by the plant's roots, then
later exits by evaporating through pores in the
plant.
Steps of the Water Cycle
Precipitation
Runoff
Transpiration

15. Condensation
Transpiration
Runoff
Precipitation
Accumulation
Evaporation
Condensation

16. • In the animation, what step of the
water cycle does the rain correspond
to?
• Are there other items in the animation
that correspond to steps of the water
cycle?
Water Cycle Animation