This document discusses hydroponics and soilless culture. It defines hydroponics as growing plants without soil, using different methods like water culture, ebb and flow, or aeroponics. Soilless culture has advantages over traditional soil farming by giving the grower more control over nutrients and pH levels, reducing pests and diseases, and increasing yields. However, soilless culture also has higher start-up costs and requires more technical knowledge than soil-based agriculture. Overall, the document concludes that soilless farming can benefit the environment compared to traditional soil cultivation.

1. Hydroponics