There are many factors in the work environment that can influence an individual's health, including air and water quality, chemical exposures, radiation, and mental or physical stress. Poor air quality from pollutants, allergens, and pathogens can increase risks of respiratory illness, while workplace stress can negatively impact mental health. Interventions like emissions regulations, smoking bans, and employer wellness programs have helped improve environmental health risks. However, more can still be done to educate people and reduce health impacts from their environments.
English SBA for CSEC. *The file has been protected and has been submitted to CXC. Do not copy as the digital signature of the file cannot be removed or edited. Use as a guide only
Vierde spreker Ben Barratt 15de horta infoavond ademloos straten-generaal okt...Koen van Hees
De vierde spreker van de 15de Horta info avond van Ademloos en stRaten-generaal: professor Ben Barrat van Kings College, Londen, over luchtkwaliteit, actie en participatie: making it real. Op deze 'special edition' van 5 oktober 2014 vertelden 4 professoren en gerenommeerde EU experten over luchtkwaliteit, voor een nokvolle Horta zaal. De 4 professoren zijn allemaal verbonden aan het EU project SEFIRA (SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL RESPONSES TO AIR POLLUTION POLICIES IN EU).
Prepare Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on t.docxveachflossie
Prepare
: Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on the interrelationship between global environmental change and human health. It is important, however, that you first understand how human activities around the globe have resulted in the increased emission of greenhouse gases and aerosols (small particles), which are accelerating the disruption to Earth’s climate (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). There are four greenhouse gases produced through human activities; however, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary gas emitted through the burning of fossil fuels in power plants, burning gasoline in transportation, and deforestation (oceanesrvice.noaa.gov). Although CO2 is naturally released through the ocean and vegetation, human activities since the Industrial Revolution have upset the balance of the carbon cycle and have led to very high levels of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. In fact the last time the Earth has seen levels this high was in the Eocene when the sea level was 100 meters above current levels and the ice caps were nonexistent (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). We are now seeing the effect of greenhouse gases on the climate in many ways including global warming. For the past 40 years global temperatures have risen and the hottest year on record was 2015 followed by 2014, 2010, and 2013 (ncdc.noaa.gov).
As we progress through this course you will see how climate change is affecting the environment and human health in many direct and indirect ways. This week, however, we will examine how air pollution is impacting human health, and in particular child health, in the home. In the article, the coming health crisis: indirect health effects of global climate change, Samuel and Aaron provide a list of the health consequences of air pollution which include (2013):
The formation of ground-level ozone, the major cardiorespiratory toxin in smog, is coupled to temperature particularly as temperatures rise above 90°F (32°C).
Climate change has brought about an earlier start to spring and later end to fall, and these changes to seasonality, along with higher CO2 concentrations, yield both longer pollen seasons and more pollen production from many allergenic plants.
Allergic respiratory disease, particularly asthma, is already associated with a quarter of a million deaths annually worldwide.
The frequency and extent of forest fires is expected to rise, generating large amounts of air pollutants, including potent lung irritants (such as acrolein and other aldehydes), carcinogens (such as formaldehyde and benzene) and fine particulates (PM 2.5) which are known to increase risk of cardiorespiratory disease and death.
In your discussion post you will be focusing on the harmful effects of environmental air pollution, but also indoor air pollution caused by solid fuel use. Many children die each year from dangerous sources of household fuel used to keep houses warm and cook food. Solid fuels produce high levels of smoke which can lead to chr ...
English SBA for CSEC. *The file has been protected and has been submitted to CXC. Do not copy as the digital signature of the file cannot be removed or edited. Use as a guide only
Vierde spreker Ben Barratt 15de horta infoavond ademloos straten-generaal okt...Koen van Hees
De vierde spreker van de 15de Horta info avond van Ademloos en stRaten-generaal: professor Ben Barrat van Kings College, Londen, over luchtkwaliteit, actie en participatie: making it real. Op deze 'special edition' van 5 oktober 2014 vertelden 4 professoren en gerenommeerde EU experten over luchtkwaliteit, voor een nokvolle Horta zaal. De 4 professoren zijn allemaal verbonden aan het EU project SEFIRA (SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL RESPONSES TO AIR POLLUTION POLICIES IN EU).
Prepare Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on t.docxveachflossie
Prepare
: Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on the interrelationship between global environmental change and human health. It is important, however, that you first understand how human activities around the globe have resulted in the increased emission of greenhouse gases and aerosols (small particles), which are accelerating the disruption to Earth’s climate (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). There are four greenhouse gases produced through human activities; however, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary gas emitted through the burning of fossil fuels in power plants, burning gasoline in transportation, and deforestation (oceanesrvice.noaa.gov). Although CO2 is naturally released through the ocean and vegetation, human activities since the Industrial Revolution have upset the balance of the carbon cycle and have led to very high levels of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. In fact the last time the Earth has seen levels this high was in the Eocene when the sea level was 100 meters above current levels and the ice caps were nonexistent (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). We are now seeing the effect of greenhouse gases on the climate in many ways including global warming. For the past 40 years global temperatures have risen and the hottest year on record was 2015 followed by 2014, 2010, and 2013 (ncdc.noaa.gov).
As we progress through this course you will see how climate change is affecting the environment and human health in many direct and indirect ways. This week, however, we will examine how air pollution is impacting human health, and in particular child health, in the home. In the article, the coming health crisis: indirect health effects of global climate change, Samuel and Aaron provide a list of the health consequences of air pollution which include (2013):
The formation of ground-level ozone, the major cardiorespiratory toxin in smog, is coupled to temperature particularly as temperatures rise above 90°F (32°C).
Climate change has brought about an earlier start to spring and later end to fall, and these changes to seasonality, along with higher CO2 concentrations, yield both longer pollen seasons and more pollen production from many allergenic plants.
Allergic respiratory disease, particularly asthma, is already associated with a quarter of a million deaths annually worldwide.
The frequency and extent of forest fires is expected to rise, generating large amounts of air pollutants, including potent lung irritants (such as acrolein and other aldehydes), carcinogens (such as formaldehyde and benzene) and fine particulates (PM 2.5) which are known to increase risk of cardiorespiratory disease and death.
In your discussion post you will be focusing on the harmful effects of environmental air pollution, but also indoor air pollution caused by solid fuel use. Many children die each year from dangerous sources of household fuel used to keep houses warm and cook food. Solid fuels produce high levels of smoke which can lead to chr ...
Prepare Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on t.docxkeilenettie
Prepare
: Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on the interrelationship between global environmental change and human health. It is important, however, that you first understand how human activities around the globe have resulted in the increased emission of greenhouse gases and aerosols (small particles), which are accelerating the disruption to Earth’s climate (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). There are four greenhouse gases produced through human activities; however, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary gas emitted through the burning of fossil fuels in power plants, burning gasoline in transportation, and deforestation (oceanesrvice.noaa.gov). Although CO2 is naturally released through the ocean and vegetation, human activities since the Industrial Revolution have upset the balance of the carbon cycle and have led to very high levels of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. In fact the last time the Earth has seen levels this high was in the Eocene when the sea level was 100 meters above current levels and the ice caps were nonexistent (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). We are now seeing the effect of greenhouse gases on the climate in many ways including global warming. For the past 40 years global temperatures have risen and the hottest year on record was 2015 followed by 2014, 2010, and 2013 (ncdc.noaa.gov).
As we progress through this course you will see how climate change is affecting the environment and human health in many direct and indirect ways. This week, however, we will examine how air pollution is impacting human health, and in particular child health, in the home. In the article, the coming health crisis: indirect health effects of global climate change, Samuel and Aaron provide a list of the health consequences of air pollution which include (2013):
The formation of ground-level ozone, the major cardiorespiratory toxin in smog, is coupled to temperature particularly as temperatures rise above 90°F (32°C).
Climate change has brought about an earlier start to spring and later end to fall, and these changes to seasonality, along with higher CO2 concentrations, yield both longer pollen seasons and more pollen production from many allergenic plants.
Allergic respiratory disease, particularly asthma, is already associated with a quarter of a million deaths annually worldwide.
The frequency and extent of forest fires is expected to rise, generating large amounts of air pollutants, including potent lung irritants (such as acrolein and other aldehydes), carcinogens (such as formaldehyde and benzene) and fine particulates (PM 2.5) which are known to increase risk of cardiorespiratory disease and death.
In your discussion post you will be focusing on the harmful effects of environmental air pollution, but also indoor air pollution caused by solid fuel use. Many children die each year from dangerous sources of household fuel used to keep houses warm and cook food. Solid fuels produce high levels of smoke which can lead to chr ...
Environmental Problems: Air Pollution Essay
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Running Head: HEALTH RISKS
HEALTH RISKS 6
Health Risks, Manufacturing, and the Production of Energy
Jameshia Dixon
Strayer University
Dr.Coon
08/20/2018
Method of energy production
A number of energy production methods are currently used in the production of electricity and other forms of energy. The following paper will be assessing fossil fuels; with coal being the main method of energy production considered. The role of coal in the production of global electricity has been evidently seen, with coal alone providing a total of 37% world’s electricity. For coal to produce electricity, it is first of all mined and taken to the coal plants where its size is reduced so as to increase the surface area for combustion to take place quickly. The burnt coal is then taken to a boiler, which creates steam that is ultimately used in driving turbines, hence, generating electricity.
Coal has a number of significant health risks; it has been associated with emission of a number of gases, which are harmful to the existence of humans. Coal has mostly been associated with the production of large amounts of carbon dioxide, a significant greenhouse gas which takes a long time to be phased out completely from the atmosphere. Other than carbon dioxide which affects human health indirectly through the impacts of global warming and climate change, coal also produces gases such as mercury and arsenic, which are important health hazards. Other toxins emitted from coal power plants include lead, cadmium, chromium, furans, nickel, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde and dioxins, among many others. Due to these pollutants, coal power production has been associated with a number of health risks, including, cancer, kidney problems, lung issues, problems in the respiratory and the nervous system. Memory, behavior and learning are also at risk due to these method of energy production (Kampa & Castanas, 2008).
To reduce the above stated health impacts, there is need for coal power plants to employ clean coal technologies. There are a number of these technologies and one best which would significantly reduce the impact of the above risks is the management of wastes from coal. Coal itself has a number of wastes which in most occasions appear as emissions. There is need to employ coal cleaning as a method used to reduce emissions when coal is burnt. Other methods of managing wastes include flue gas desulfurization, gasification, and sequestration, use of ultra clean coal and use of low NOx burners. All these perform an important role in reducing the health impacts of coal combustion. Managing wastes from the power plants is an excellent method as it ensures most of the health hazards have been dealt with before the combustion process allows them into the atmosphere. This is also a preventative ...
Description:
Discover the startling truth about air pollution in this captivating SlideShare presentation titled "10 Startling Facts About Air Pollution You Need to Know." Air pollution is a pressing global issue that affects the health and well-being of millions worldwide. In this informative presentation, we will explore ten eye-opening facts that shed light on the severity of air pollution and its far-reaching consequences.
Prepare to be amazed as we unveil the first fact: air pollution is a leading global health risk. Through compelling visuals and statistics, we will uncover the connection between air pollution and various respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and even cancer. This fact alone underscores the urgency to take immediate action.
Delving further, we will reveal the sources of air pollution, ranging from industrial emissions to vehicle exhaust, agricultural activities, and burning of fossil fuels. Engaging visuals and relevant data will demonstrate the contribution of each source, prompting a reflection on our own activities that may be adding to the problem.
Did you know that indoor air pollution poses a silent threat? We will shed light on this lesser-known aspect, exploring how household products, building materials, and poor ventilation contribute to indoor air pollution. Discover practical steps to improve indoor air quality and safeguard the health of your loved ones.
Prepare to broaden your perspective as we reveal that air pollution knows no borders. Through captivating visuals and compelling examples, we will illustrate how air pollutants can travel long distances, resulting in transboundary pollution. Join us in exploring the importance of international cooperation and collective efforts to combat this global challenge.
The presentation will also highlight the disproportionate impact of air pollution on developing countries. Through thought-provoking statistics and insights, we will explore the socio-economic factors that contribute to this disparity. Together, we will advocate for sustainable development practices and equitable solutions to address this pressing issue.
Uncover the intricate link between air pollution and climate change as we unveil our next fact. We will explain how pollutants like carbon dioxide and methane contribute to both air pollution and global warming. Witness the significance of adopting clean energy sources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat both problems simultaneously.
The vulnerability of children to the detrimental effects of air pollution is a topic that demands attention. Through compelling evidence and real-life stories, we will shed light on how air pollution impacts children's health, development, and cognitive abilities. Join us in advocating for protective measures, such as pollution-free zones near schools and cleaner transportation options.
Prepare to be amazed as we uncover how air pollution harms the natural environment. Engaging visuals and insigh
Developing World and Occupational Health ImpactsAI Publications
The environment is an integral part of human life the quality of which plays a critical role in human health. Occupational environment presents potential health hazards to workers employed in a variety of positions. This review adds to a growing body of evidence that PM is really harmful to health increasing overall mortality mostly deaths from cardiovascular disease as well as deaths from respiratory diseases.
It related to pollution and causes and effects of it on society and community. It includes all types of pollutions and also the diagnositic or the prevetive measures . It includes Modifying a production process to produce less waste. Using non-toxic or less toxic chemicals as cleaners, degreasers and other maintenance chemicals. Implementing water and energy conservation practices. Reusing materials such as drums and pallets rather than disposing of them as waste.
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Prepare Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on t.docxkeilenettie
Prepare
: Air pollution plays a central role in the discussion on the interrelationship between global environmental change and human health. It is important, however, that you first understand how human activities around the globe have resulted in the increased emission of greenhouse gases and aerosols (small particles), which are accelerating the disruption to Earth’s climate (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). There are four greenhouse gases produced through human activities; however, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary gas emitted through the burning of fossil fuels in power plants, burning gasoline in transportation, and deforestation (oceanesrvice.noaa.gov). Although CO2 is naturally released through the ocean and vegetation, human activities since the Industrial Revolution have upset the balance of the carbon cycle and have led to very high levels of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. In fact the last time the Earth has seen levels this high was in the Eocene when the sea level was 100 meters above current levels and the ice caps were nonexistent (Samuel and Aaron, 2013). We are now seeing the effect of greenhouse gases on the climate in many ways including global warming. For the past 40 years global temperatures have risen and the hottest year on record was 2015 followed by 2014, 2010, and 2013 (ncdc.noaa.gov).
As we progress through this course you will see how climate change is affecting the environment and human health in many direct and indirect ways. This week, however, we will examine how air pollution is impacting human health, and in particular child health, in the home. In the article, the coming health crisis: indirect health effects of global climate change, Samuel and Aaron provide a list of the health consequences of air pollution which include (2013):
The formation of ground-level ozone, the major cardiorespiratory toxin in smog, is coupled to temperature particularly as temperatures rise above 90°F (32°C).
Climate change has brought about an earlier start to spring and later end to fall, and these changes to seasonality, along with higher CO2 concentrations, yield both longer pollen seasons and more pollen production from many allergenic plants.
Allergic respiratory disease, particularly asthma, is already associated with a quarter of a million deaths annually worldwide.
The frequency and extent of forest fires is expected to rise, generating large amounts of air pollutants, including potent lung irritants (such as acrolein and other aldehydes), carcinogens (such as formaldehyde and benzene) and fine particulates (PM 2.5) which are known to increase risk of cardiorespiratory disease and death.
In your discussion post you will be focusing on the harmful effects of environmental air pollution, but also indoor air pollution caused by solid fuel use. Many children die each year from dangerous sources of household fuel used to keep houses warm and cook food. Solid fuels produce high levels of smoke which can lead to chr ...
Environmental Problems: Air Pollution Essay
The Effects Of Air Pollution And Climate Change
Effects Of Air Pollution Essay
Air pollution Essay example
Air And Water Pollution Essay
Air Pollution Essay
Essay On Air Pollution
Essay On Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Air Pollution Essay
Causes Of Air Pollution Essay
Air And Air Pollution
Effects Of Air Pollution Essay
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Running Head: HEALTH RISKS
HEALTH RISKS 6
Health Risks, Manufacturing, and the Production of Energy
Jameshia Dixon
Strayer University
Dr.Coon
08/20/2018
Method of energy production
A number of energy production methods are currently used in the production of electricity and other forms of energy. The following paper will be assessing fossil fuels; with coal being the main method of energy production considered. The role of coal in the production of global electricity has been evidently seen, with coal alone providing a total of 37% world’s electricity. For coal to produce electricity, it is first of all mined and taken to the coal plants where its size is reduced so as to increase the surface area for combustion to take place quickly. The burnt coal is then taken to a boiler, which creates steam that is ultimately used in driving turbines, hence, generating electricity.
Coal has a number of significant health risks; it has been associated with emission of a number of gases, which are harmful to the existence of humans. Coal has mostly been associated with the production of large amounts of carbon dioxide, a significant greenhouse gas which takes a long time to be phased out completely from the atmosphere. Other than carbon dioxide which affects human health indirectly through the impacts of global warming and climate change, coal also produces gases such as mercury and arsenic, which are important health hazards. Other toxins emitted from coal power plants include lead, cadmium, chromium, furans, nickel, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde and dioxins, among many others. Due to these pollutants, coal power production has been associated with a number of health risks, including, cancer, kidney problems, lung issues, problems in the respiratory and the nervous system. Memory, behavior and learning are also at risk due to these method of energy production (Kampa & Castanas, 2008).
To reduce the above stated health impacts, there is need for coal power plants to employ clean coal technologies. There are a number of these technologies and one best which would significantly reduce the impact of the above risks is the management of wastes from coal. Coal itself has a number of wastes which in most occasions appear as emissions. There is need to employ coal cleaning as a method used to reduce emissions when coal is burnt. Other methods of managing wastes include flue gas desulfurization, gasification, and sequestration, use of ultra clean coal and use of low NOx burners. All these perform an important role in reducing the health impacts of coal combustion. Managing wastes from the power plants is an excellent method as it ensures most of the health hazards have been dealt with before the combustion process allows them into the atmosphere. This is also a preventative ...
Description:
Discover the startling truth about air pollution in this captivating SlideShare presentation titled "10 Startling Facts About Air Pollution You Need to Know." Air pollution is a pressing global issue that affects the health and well-being of millions worldwide. In this informative presentation, we will explore ten eye-opening facts that shed light on the severity of air pollution and its far-reaching consequences.
Prepare to be amazed as we unveil the first fact: air pollution is a leading global health risk. Through compelling visuals and statistics, we will uncover the connection between air pollution and various respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and even cancer. This fact alone underscores the urgency to take immediate action.
Delving further, we will reveal the sources of air pollution, ranging from industrial emissions to vehicle exhaust, agricultural activities, and burning of fossil fuels. Engaging visuals and relevant data will demonstrate the contribution of each source, prompting a reflection on our own activities that may be adding to the problem.
Did you know that indoor air pollution poses a silent threat? We will shed light on this lesser-known aspect, exploring how household products, building materials, and poor ventilation contribute to indoor air pollution. Discover practical steps to improve indoor air quality and safeguard the health of your loved ones.
Prepare to broaden your perspective as we reveal that air pollution knows no borders. Through captivating visuals and compelling examples, we will illustrate how air pollutants can travel long distances, resulting in transboundary pollution. Join us in exploring the importance of international cooperation and collective efforts to combat this global challenge.
The presentation will also highlight the disproportionate impact of air pollution on developing countries. Through thought-provoking statistics and insights, we will explore the socio-economic factors that contribute to this disparity. Together, we will advocate for sustainable development practices and equitable solutions to address this pressing issue.
Uncover the intricate link between air pollution and climate change as we unveil our next fact. We will explain how pollutants like carbon dioxide and methane contribute to both air pollution and global warming. Witness the significance of adopting clean energy sources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat both problems simultaneously.
The vulnerability of children to the detrimental effects of air pollution is a topic that demands attention. Through compelling evidence and real-life stories, we will shed light on how air pollution impacts children's health, development, and cognitive abilities. Join us in advocating for protective measures, such as pollution-free zones near schools and cleaner transportation options.
Prepare to be amazed as we uncover how air pollution harms the natural environment. Engaging visuals and insigh
Developing World and Occupational Health ImpactsAI Publications
The environment is an integral part of human life the quality of which plays a critical role in human health. Occupational environment presents potential health hazards to workers employed in a variety of positions. This review adds to a growing body of evidence that PM is really harmful to health increasing overall mortality mostly deaths from cardiovascular disease as well as deaths from respiratory diseases.
It related to pollution and causes and effects of it on society and community. It includes all types of pollutions and also the diagnositic or the prevetive measures . It includes Modifying a production process to produce less waste. Using non-toxic or less toxic chemicals as cleaners, degreasers and other maintenance chemicals. Implementing water and energy conservation practices. Reusing materials such as drums and pallets rather than disposing of them as waste.
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1. ANTH 314 1
Fitness and How the Work
Environment Affects Health
Human Variation and Adaption in Living Populations
Shayla McCaffery
Winter 2015
2. ANTH 314 2
Fitness and How the Work
Environment Affects Health
Human Variation and Adaptation in Living Populations
Abstract:
There are many factors that influence ones health that a personis exposed to in
different work environments. Stressors in the environment can cause a wide range
of health problems. Some environments have more environmental risk than others.
Among these environmental factors include one’s fitness, physical environment,
air or water hazards and exposures. In addition, electromagnetic exposure,
chemical, biological, social, financial, climate, and politics may have a large
influence on the healthiness of an environment.
3. ANTH 314 3
“In Britain in 1995 it was estimated that 2 million people suffered from work
related illnesses with around 20 million working days being lost to ill health (DoH,
1999)” (Fitness Through Exercise). There are many factors that influence one’s
health that a personis exposed to in different work environments.These factors can
cause a range of health complications and problems. There are also different
mediums in which the environment can affect a person. For instance, personal
fitness condition, physical environment, social, finical, climate, politics, and
maternity. All of these cause the employee to go through stress and our bodies
respond in different ways depending on the stressor. Stress causes the bodyto go
through a series of different reactions as a response. These reactions are different
based on the stress, but one’s bodywill have an increased heart rate, muscle
tension, etc when under stress. When stress is over our bodyreturns to
homeostasis. During chronic stress one’s bodyis unable to return to homeostasis.
Chronic stress is harmful to the bodyin a variety of ways, many of which make a
personal more susceptible to illness. According to TheBuilt Environment and
Health: Introducing Individual Space-Time Behavior, “Human behavior depends
on the environment in which it takes place, while in turn people also influence the
environment by their presence and activities. As a part of the environment, people
behave in responseto both physical and social settings. In fact, every individual
not only adapts to his or her physical and social environment but also makes up
4. ANTH 314 4
part of the social environment of other individuals. Obviously, there are more
forces affecting both individuals and the environment. Forinstance, businesses and
organizations located in the environment will influence where people travel, while
governments and institutions exercise rules and mechanisms that affect the
behavior of individuals, households, businesses, and organizations. An
understanding of this multi-layered network of interactions is required when
environmental design is intended as an instrument to established desired behavior,
e.g.., to encourage walking and cycling, or to create safer places” (Kim, Searloos,
Timmermans. 2009).
Physical hazards also include exposures to gas and other harmful substances.
Health risk associated with these environmental factors include a variety of cancers
and respiratory diseases. Health problems arise on two levels: first the individual
and secondly environmental which slowly shape a species and the changes in the
species slow evolve (agius.com). The first environmental factor that can influence
one’s health is the individuals current health state. One’s current health is
important to assess, becausethere are some environmental factors that can increase
the risk of certain health complications. For instance, a personwith asthma can
have more difficulty in jobs with poorair quality and high physical demand.
According to agius.com, “Health effects of concernare asthma, bronchitis and
similar lung diseases, and there is good evidence relating an increased risk of
5. ANTH 314 5
symptoms of these diseases with increasing concentration of sulphur dioxide,
ozone, and other pollutants” (angis.com). Another example of the importance of
the person’s current health is important when considering a personwho has
obesity. Obesity can cause many additional help problems that make them
susceptible to harmful environmental factors. For instance, the physical demand
and the environments size. Diet, adequate sleep, and adequate housing can also
impact the way environmental factors affect one’s health. Humans function
properly and are able to adapt to stress better when in ideal health. Being in a
better physical shape allows people to adapt to the changes in their environment
better. Forinstance, in high stress situations (Weir, 2011).
Next, there are many environmental factors that cause health problems.
Environmental problems include air quality, water quality, chemical exposure, UV
exposure, and radiation exposure. According to the journal; Indoor Environments
and Health:Moving into the 21st century, “The quality of our indoor environments
affects well-being and productivity, and risk for diverse diseases are increased by
indoor air pollutants, surface contamination with toxins and microbes, and contact
among people at home, work, in transportation, and in many other pubic and
private places” (Kim, Samet, Spengler. 2003). There are many work environments
that increase the risk of health problems due to air quality. Forexample, tobacco
smoke, mold, dust, polyvinyl chloride from construction material, and
6. ANTH 314 6
formaldehyde which is also used in construction. According to To the Center for
Spirituality and Healing, “Mold and dust can exacerbate and contribute to the
development of chronic conditions like asthma and allergies. Secondhand smoke in
homes and workplaces poses a significant risk; in fact, the National Cancer
Institute states that of the chemicals identified in secondhand smoke, more than 50
have been found to cause cancer. Poorly ventilated fireplaces and stoves contribute
to your pulmonary disease risk. Common construction materials such as polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) can cause asthma, and formaldehyde (also employed in
homebuilding) can cause eye, nose, and throat irritation; wheezing and coughing;
fatigue; skin rash; serve allergic reactions, and possibly cancer” (Meadows).
According to aguish.com, “Important issues concerning physical hazards include
those relating to health effects of electromagnetic radiation and ionizing radiation.
If one excludes the occupational environment, than nice and other physical hazards
may present a nuisance to many inhabitants, and impair general well being”
(agius.com). All air pollutants are harmful to humans. “Undoubtedly tens of
thousands of deaths have resulted from acute pollution episodes (e.g. the smogs in
large cities in early 1950s). Nowadays some people e.g. asthmatics can be
adversely affected by excursions in levels of urban air pollution (notably ozone) in
some major cities” (agius.com). Places where pollution is more common, inner city
areas and large cities; the more exposure to pollution in the environment.
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According to the journal; Indoor Environments and Health:Moving into the 21st
century, over time there have been changed to reduce the risk of health problems
by changing building ventilation and such. (Samet, Spangler. 2003). There have
also been laws that have been put into place by the Environmental Protection
Agency, to try and improve the horrible condition of pollution in the United States.
For instance, the Clean Air Act, which has put emission regulations on businesses,
cars, plant, essentially anything that releases toxins into the air by creating smoke,
smog, and other air borne chemicals (EPA).
In addition to pollution, there have been recent scares with the spread of
airborne infections. Since the 2001 bioterrorism episodewith Anthrax. This has
increased the awareness that is crucial for improvement.(Samet, Spengler. 2003).
Samet and Spengler’s study that is described in their journal: Indoor Environments
and Health:Moving into the 21st century, “This study yielded the then startling
conclusion that indoor pollution sources are generally a far more significant
contributor to total personal exposures to toxic volatile organic compounds than
are releases by some industrial sources into outdoorair” (Samet, Spengler. 2003).
In addition, Samet and Spengler state “The single most pervasive and harmful
indoor air problem worldwide is the oldest: smoke from fires. Domestic cooking
and heating with biomass fuels of wood, crop residues, dried animal dung, or
charcoal and coalcan producesubstantial indoor concentrations of particles,
8. ANTH 314 8
carbonmonoxide, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Accordingto the World
Health Organization’s 2002 report on global burden of disease, the almost daily
exposure to smoke among billions of people, primarily women and young children,
is the 8th leading cause of disability-adjusted life years lost, accounting for nearly
3% of the world’s total burden of disease… The current concern about
intentionally introduced viruses and other infections organisms was acts of
bioterrorism will advance research on the role of building ventilation and air
cleaning in the transmission of pathogenic organisms” (Samet, Spengler. 2003).
As we know the climate in which you live in also changes your environment
greatly bothwith the physical atmosphere one lives in but also the choices that a
personmakes. As we know there are different areas where people are exposed to
more UV rays from the sun. Human bodies adapt for the heat and the sun
differently, but people also have to be educated choice in certain environments. For
instance, wearing sunscreen or sunglasses. According to Indoor Environments and
Health: Moving into the 21stCentury, “Even in temperate climates, including that
of the United States, people spend most of their time indoors: at home, at work, in
transportation, and in many other public and private places. The quality of these
environments affects well-being and productivity, and risk for diverse diseases are
increased by indoor air pollutants, surface contamination with toxins and microbes,
and contactamong people in these places” (Samet, Spengler. 2003). Climate can
9. ANTH 314 9
also influence one’s behavior in colder environment. In places where there is a lack
of UV exposethere can be certain vitamin deficiencies because the environment
does not allow the necessary amount of exposure.
One’s work environment can have adverse impacts to health. This is due to
the exposure of toxins like smoke, radiation, air borne illness, etc. These risk are
exposed through different mediums like air and water. Environment is not only
physical but also is influenced by the social experiences and but also what stress
you encounter during the daily experiences of daily work. This includes mental
health. According to Out of The Shadows:TheHealth and Well-Being of Private
Contractors Working in Conflict Environments; “Contractors working in conflict
environments are exposed to many of the same combatstressors as military
personnel…These contractors were hired for basesupport, maintenance, logistical
support, transportation, intelligence, communication, construction, and security”
(Burns, Dunigan, Farmer, Hawks, Setodji. 2013). These contractors under went
some of the stressful experiences that soldiers went through. For instance, IUDs
and other combat. United State contractors returned with PTSDjust like soldiers.
“In addition to mental health stressors, contractors may be exposed to physical
health dangers, ranging from respiratory problems to serious, life- changing
injuries” (Burns, Dunigan, Farmer, Hawks, Setodji. 2013). According to How the
environment affects Mental Health, by Michael Rutter: tells that traumatic
10. ANTH 314 10
experience, even one’s associated with the job can create or influence different
mental health problems and risk. We know this is true in certain cases like
Soldiers, police, or those injured on the job (Rutter). To second that opinion, the
journal Theimportance of low control at work and homeon depression and
anxiety: do these effects vary by genderand social class?, by Griffen, Fuhrer,
Marmot, and Stansfeld: also tell how the environment and stress impacts mental
health. “…the lack of control in the home and work environments affect depression
and anxiety differently for women and men across three social class groups”
(Griffen, Fuhrer, Marmot, Stansfeld. 2002). This article also mentioned how the
stress of the environment varies due to other social stressorin one’s environments,
these stresses are related to a higher rate of mental and physical illnesses like
depression or anxiety. As mentioned in the previously, stress in one’s environment
can be caused by social factors that one has to live and work in. Forinstance, their
socioeconomic status has associated stressors. Fromthis research stated above, it is
apparent there is a connection between the environments stress and one’s health.
There have been interventions that have occurred in order to make our
environment a healthier place for people to enjoy. For instance, changes to tobacco
laws have reduced the amount of second hand smoke other’s are exposed to. The
Clean Air Act and the associate laws are another example of interventions that
have occurred to help reduce pollution into the environment. As for worker’s
11. ANTH 314 11
current health state when beginning a job is being stressed by employers, making
sure their employees are physically fit for the job. Many employers also offer
health and wellness services, for example: massage therapy, gym memberships,
and counseling. According to TheBuilt Environment and Health: Introducing
Individual Space-Time Behavior, “…Choosing the most effective intervention
strategy requires an explicit understanding of how individuals will respond. It is
the task of academic researchers to build up a comprehensive knowledge base of
this individual behavior to inform and influence policy and practice. Given the
documented impacts of the built environment on health behaviors, various
interventions can be considered to influence the way people behave in responseto
the environment in which they live, work, and play. These include actual changes
to the built environment (e.g., providing more opportunities for recreation,
improving access to healthy food, and creating places to accommodate social
events for community members), interventions that address the individuals aimed
at improving attitudes to physical activity, nutrition and social interactions, or
increasing awareness of the health benefits or risk involved), and interventions to
encourage social activities (e.g., community programs to promote physical activity
and healthy food consumption). To support decision-making about health
promotion interventions, studies will need to aim at understanding and predicting
how such interventions will change individual health behaviors in space and time,
12. ANTH 314 12
and how this aggregates to population-level health outcomes” (Kim, Searloos,
Timmermans. 2009). In order to make more changes people need to be educated
and aware of the way their environment influences their health and how our
choices also affect our environment.
In conclusion, there are many work environmental factors that influence an
individuals health. Not only with the pollutants, chemicals, and toxins people are
expose to through the air or in the water, or come in close contact with. Radiation,
UV exposure, and other toxins also influence ones health in a work environment.
An individual’s health is also influenced by the mental stress or physical stress that
one is put through regularly, sometimes causing states of chronic stress that causes
additional health problems because one’s bodynever returns to homeostasis.
Interventions have happened through out history, but there is still more to be done
to improve the risk of exposure to certain health risk. Educating people on health
and getting people to improve their current health state also helps them improve
the way they are affected by the environment around them.
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References:
Braedley, S. (2009). How do Work Environments Affect Women's Maternal
Health. Lessons from Canada.
Curry, G. (n.d.). Environmental Influences on Health, Exercise and Fitness.
Retrieved from http://fitnessthroughexercise.com/enviornmental-inflences-health-
fitness.htm
Dunigan, M., & Farmer, C. (n.d.). Out of the shadows: The health and well-being
of private contractors working in conflict environments.
Fowler, L. (2014). Assessing The Framework Of Policy Outcomes:The Case Of
The U.s. Clean Air Act And Clean Water Act. Journal of Environmental
Assessment Policy and Management, 1450034-1450034.
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Griffin, J., Fuhrer, R., Stansfeld, S., & Marmot, M. (n.d.). The Importance Of Low
Control At Work And Home On Depression And Anxiety: Do These Effects Vary
By Gender And Social Class? Social Science & Medicine, 783-798.
Samet, J., & Spengler, J. (n.d.). IndoorEnvironments and Health: Moving Into the
21st Century. American Journal of Public Health, 1489-1493.
Saarloos, D., Kim, J., & Timmermans, H. (n.d.). The Built Environment and
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