good

1. PREVENTIVE GERIATRICS

2. It is the art and science of preventing
disease in the geriatric population and
promoting their health and efficiency

3. • The study of physical and
psychological changes that occur in
old age is called “gerontology”.
• Geriatrics is the branch of general
medicine concerned with clinical,
preventive, medical and social
aspects of illness in the elderly.
• The old age is defined as the age of
retirement. In our country it is fixed
at 60 years and above.

4. Geriatric population
• 1980- 5.3%
• 2000- 7.7%
• 2025- 13.3% ( 1.2 billion )
• 71% - Developing World
• 70 million population-2001
• 177 million population -2025
• 40% below poverty line
• 73% illiterate

5. Present scenario
• Cataract &Visual impairment- 88%
• Arthritis &locomotion disorder-40%
• CVD &HT – 18%
• Neurological problems- 18%
• Respiratory problems including Chronic
bronchitis- 16%
• GIT problems- 9%
• Psychiatric problems- 9%
• Loss of Hearing – 8%

6. Theory of aging
• Somatic mutation theory
• Autoimmune theory
• Hayflick’s theory of aging

7. Somatic mutation theory
• The somatic mutation theory of aging posits
that the accumulation of mutations in the
genetic material of somatic cells as a function
of time results in a decrease in cellular
function.

8. Autoimmune theory
• The immunological theory of aging asserts
that the process of human aging is a mild and
generalized form of a prolonged autoimmune
phenomenon. In other words, aging—which
involves a highly complex series of
processes—is suspected to be largely
controlled by the immune system

9. Hayflick’s theory of aging
• The Hayflick Limit is a concept that helps to
explain the mechanisms behind cellular aging.
The concept states that a normal human cell
can only replicate and divide forty to sixty
times before it cannot divide anymore, and
will break down by programmed cell death or
apoptosis.

10. Geriatrics
• Senility
• Decline in sexual prowess
• Diminution in endocrine activity
• Loss of elasticity of blood vessels
• Rise in B.P

11. RISK OF GERIATRICS
• PRONE FOR INFECTIONS
• PRONE FOR INJURIES
• NEED SPECIAL ASSISTANCE
• PRONE FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
• PRONE FOR DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS
• INCREASED RISK FOR DISEASE
• INCREASED RISK OF DISABILITY
• INCRASED RISK OF DEATH

12. AIM OF GERIATRIC HEALTH
• Maintenance of health in old age by high levels of
engagement and avoidance of disease
• Early detection and appropriate treatment of disease
• Maintenance of maximum independence consistent
with irreversible disease and disability
• Sympathetic care and support during terminal illness

13. GERIATRIC PEOPLE PROBLEMS
• HEALTH PROBLEMS
1.Joint problems
2.Impairment of special senses
3. Cardio vascular disease
4.Hypothermia
5.Cancer, Prostate enlargement, Diabetes&
Accidental falls
• Psychological problems
1. Emotional problems
2. Suicidal tendency
3.& Senile dementia, Alzheimer’disease
• Social problems
• Poverty, Loneliness, Dependency, Isolation, Elder
abuse, Generation Gap

14. GERIATRIC TEAM
• Geriatricians
• Epidemiologists
• Nutritionists
• Nurses
• Physiotherapist
• Social worker
• And Health worker

15. Indicators of health status of aged
• Age proportional mortality rate
• Age specific death rate persons over 55
years
• Age specific prevalence rates for cvd,
cancers and accidents.
• % elders taking three or more drugs/day
• Cumulative percentage of elders undergone
cataract surgery
• Proportion of elders admitted to the hospital
in the past one year

16. PREVENTION
• Primordial prevention
• Pre geriatric care
• Primary prevention
• Health education
• Exercise
• Secondary prevention
• Annual medical check-up
• Early detection ( Universal approach, Selective approach)
• Treatment
• Tertiary prevention
• Counseling and Rehabilitation
• Welfare activities
• Improving quality of life
• Cultural programme
• Old age club
• Meals-on wheel service
• Home help
• Old age home

17. THANK YOU