Human management of water
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Human management of water is necessary due to water scarcity in many places like Australia. Different methods are used to manage water resources including storage in tanks, dams, and reservoirs, as well as aquifers. Water is also transported through pipes and dams to drier areas. Irrigation is used in agriculture through different methods like drip, flood, and spray irrigation. Water can be recycled and reused by treating greywater, stormwater, and through desalination of seawater using distillation or reverse osmosis.
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Rainwaterharvestingbala new [autosaved]
Rainwater harvesting is defined as collecting and storing rainwater from rooftops and surfaces through artificial means. It is required due to inadequate surface water, environmental changes, and declining groundwater levels from rapid urbanization. There are two main techniques: rooftop rainwater harvesting and surface runoff harvesting. Rooftop harvesting involves catchment areas, conduits, filters, and storage facilities. Surface runoff harvesting collects water flowing along the ground. Harvested rainwater can be used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and commercial purposes as well as increasing groundwater supplies. While the initial costs may be high, rainwater harvesting provides many benefits such as self-sufficiency, flood control, and water access without energy or time
Rainwater harvesting
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Rainwaterharvestingbala new
Rainwater harvesting is defined as collecting and storing rainwater from rooftops and surfaces for future use. It is an important technique due to increasing water scarcity from factors like inadequate surface water, groundwater decline, and decreased infiltration due to urbanization. The main components of rooftop rainwater harvesting are the catchment area, conduits, filters, and a storage facility. Rainwater harvesting provides benefits like a sustainable water supply, reduced costs, flood control, and groundwater recharging, making it a valuable solution to water scarcity issues. While initial costs may be high and maintenance is required, rainwater harvesting can meet domestic, agricultural, industrial and commercial water needs in a environmentally friendly way.
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- 2. Why do we need to manage water? - Australia, and a lot of other places don’t get as much rainfall as they need- saving water/recycling water is necessary. - Due to water shortage, we need to save, recycle and reuse water https://solarimpulse.com/water- scarcity-solutions#
- 3. Different Methods of Water Management: - Storage - Transporting - Irrigation - Recycling and Reusing
- 4. Storage of Water ● Water Tanks ● Dams ● Reservoirs ● Aquifers
- 5. Water Tanks ● A simple way of storing water by collecting off of the roofs of buildings ● Water falls off the roof during/after rain and is collected in tanks where it can either be: - treated and then used for daily activities or - used as it is to perform tasks like watering the plants.
- 6. Dams - Dams are walls built across a gully, river, or creek, to block the flowing water and form a reservoir. - Some countries use dams as a source of energy/electricity too. A certain amount of water is let through the dam walls, and it pushes against large turbines on its way to the other side. The turning of these turbines produces electricity. This is called a Hydroelectric Powerstation or a Hydroelectric Dam.
- 7. Reservoirs - Most towns, and villages use water from reservoirs for their livestock, and irrigation. - Reservoirs are mostly created by dams.
- 8. Aquifers An aquifer is a layer of porous rock that contains water. Water can be pumped out of an aquifer for use- this leads to a drop in the water table. Because of this, water stored underground returns back into to the water cycle system.
- 9. Transportation of Water Mostly done through: - Pipes - Dams Transportation of Water happens so that places that have a drier climate and that receive less rainfall the amount of water that they need to make it habitable. https://www.sydneywater.com.au/sw/water-the-environment/how-we-manage-sydney-s-water/water- network/index.htm
- 11. Irrigation Irrigation is used in agriculture to provide water to crops using pumps, pipes, and ditches. There are 3 types of irrigation: Methods of Irrigation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yv48NBaTEfk - Drip irrigation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPdAsZtuw34 - Flood irrigation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7orLHQCOOc - Spray irrigation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hLkJkStZ60
- 12. Drip Irrigation: https://www.netafim.com/en/drip-irrigation/ - More modern - Either uses plastic tubing with regular sized holes or mesh like hoses that ooze/drip water directly into the soil. - Less water is wasted. - Higher quality yield
- 13. Flood Irrigation: - Water is released into channels between crop plants - Soil soaks the water - Water will evaporate quickly if soil and channels aren’t shaded. - More usage of water https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7orLHQCOOc
- 14. Spray Irrigation: - Also known as Sprinkler systems - A pump forces small droplets of water into the air.
- 15. Activity: Objective: To filter unclean water so that it is usable. Procedure: Instruments needed:
- 16. Recycling and Reusing Water - Black water - Grey Water - Stormwater - Desalination - Water Filtration
- 17. Desalination The removal of salt from seawater is called desalination. This is done mainly by: - Distillation - Reverse osmosis
Editor's Notes
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9NLmD-cPgc&t=8s