1. 09/12/16 1
Human Capital
Presentation by Group 3 of the
Nigerian Economic Summit
Group.

2. 09/12/16 2
Objective
 To focus attention on a few, clear and
actionable priorities that are geared
towards providing better manpower
training and consequently, satisfying
the needs of industry and the nation at
large.

3. 09/12/16 3
Recent positive changes
 Improved pay of educators, especially in
universities
 Much greater private sector participation at all
levels
 Better spending of proceeds of Education Tax
Fund
 Achievement of university enrolment
science/arts ratio of 60:401
 University Autonomy bill

4. 09/12/16 4
University Graduates – Main
Identified Shortcomings1
 Poor communication skills
 Lack of analytical and problem-solving
skills
 Narrow knowledge base
 Inadequate professional carriage
 Poor work and professional ethics

5. 09/12/16 5
Public Spending in Education
as Share of GDP1
Public Spending in Education as Share of GDP in OECDs and
Asian Tigers
0.7%
5.4%
6.0%
4.2%
6.5%
3.7%
3.0%
0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
6.0%
7.0%
Nigeria USA France UK Singapore South Korea Hong Kong
Country
%ShareofGDP

6. 09/12/16 6
Public Spending in Education
as Share of GDP in Africa
Public Spending in Education as Share of GDPin Africa
0.7%
7.6%
2.6%
7.1%
5.0%
4.2%
3.6%
0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
6.0%
7.0%
8.0%
Nigeria Soth Africa Uganda Zimbabwe Cote d'Ivoire Ghana Kenya
Country
%ShareofGDP

7. 09/12/16 7
Federal Government Budgetary Allocation to
Education2
Federal Government Budgetary Allocation to Education
40%
7.2%
12.3%
17.6%
10.3% 11.1%
8.4%
7.0%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
1960 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Year
%Allocation

8. 09/12/16 8
Share of Public Education
Expenditure for Tertiary Education
Share of Public Education Expenditure for Tertiary Education
35.3%
25.2%
23.7%
14.3%
12.2% 13.2%
18.6%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
Nigeria USA UK South
Africa
Ghana Uganda Cote
d'Ivoire
Country
%Share

9. 09/12/16 9
A First Conclusion…
 There is a very basic problem of lack of
adequate public funding of education in
Nigeria
 Public funding of education is biased
towards the tertiary level to the neglect
of primary and secondary education
 This underlays many other problems in
the educational system

10. 09/12/16 10
Tertiary Education in Nigeria
 University enrolment 350,0001
 Graduates per year 55,000
 Expenditure/student/year $9002
 Graduate unemployment 22%3

11. 09/12/16 11
Recommendations on
expenditure on education
 Increase substantially public expenditure on
education
 At least 2% of GDP
 At least 20% of Federal Budget
 Increase coverage and quality of primary and
secondary education1
 Increase quality of tertiary education

12. 09/12/16 12
Input of Government to Tertiary
Education
 Effective autonomy of universities
 Streamline NUC functions to be in harmony
with university autonomy
 Allocation of funds to meet capital
expenditure and part of operational costs
 Scholarships for deserving students

13. 09/12/16 13
Input of Private Sector to
Tertiary Education
 Provision of endowments in universities
 Participation in the Students Industrial Work
Experience Scheme
 Special donations to projects in universities
and patronage of consultancy services
 Grants for contract research of university
staff and placement in industry during
sabbatical leaves

14. 09/12/16 14
Input of the Universities
 Proper budget planning, implementation and
control
 Review the curricula to meet industry needs
 Deploy ICT’s for teaching, research and
administration.
 Establish industrial advisory councils to
provide feedback to industry
 Admissions in line with capacity

15. 09/12/16 15
Special problems ICT
education
 Inability to retain qualified staff
 Graduates do not know modern
programming languages
 Disconnect between learning and
practical application
 Lack of familiarity with software
development process

16. 09/12/16 16
Suggestions to upgrade
knowledge in ICT
 Creation of “IT corridors” providing computer
equipment, servers, Internet access and training for
ICT entrepreneurs
 Creation of ICT incubators
 University/Industry partnerships to train
undergraduates in modern program-ming
languages and other ICT skills.
 Special incentives/remuneration for ICT instructors

17. 09/12/16 17
Special problems technical-
vocational education
 Collapse of existing public schools
 Lack of qualified instructors, equipment,
and consumables
 Low (and declining) private sector
participation
 Low social appreciation
 Result: acute shortage of trained
manpower at this level

18. 09/12/16 18
Suggestions on technical-
vocational education
 Concentrate on transforming some existing technical
schools with focus on skills needed on selected
industrial sectors sucah as manufacturing,
construction, agriculture...
 Review conditions of service of instructors:
comparability with industry
 Review curriculum: emphasis on multiskilling
 Give wide publicity to employment and remuneration
opportunities available to those with required
technical skills

19. 09/12/16 19
THANK YOU