The document discusses emerging trends in start-up technopreneurs in India. It notes that India has emerged as the third largest start-up ecosystem in the world, with over 4,400 start-ups in 2015 projected to grow to over 10,000 by 2020. The government of India has launched several initiatives like Start-up India to promote entrepreneurship and new businesses. Technopreneurs and tech start-ups focused on areas like e-commerce, engineering, and mobile apps are seen as driving growth and innovation. While start-ups face challenges around funding, talent, and regulations, the future for India's start-up ecosystem looks promising with continued government support and an expanding entrepreneurial culture.

1. EMERGING TRENDS IN NEW START-UP TECHNOPRENEURS
Dr. C. Paramasivan, Ph.D
Assistant Professor of Commerce
M. Selladurai
Doctoral Research Scholar, Department of Commerce,
Periyar E.V.R. College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Abstract
Start-up is a basic thing that a person trying to do something original. Technopreneurs
are the genes of technology based entrepreneurs, but they are not only bearing the risk in
business and also crossing the danger zone in innovative and initiative a new kind of product
and service to the society. In recent years, India concentrates on the development of start-up
environment and deserves that, this is the best season to promote the techno start-up for the
massive pillar in the upcoming trends. Since 2010, entire developed nations were focusing on
the roar of technopreneurs of our nation. In the present situation, government of India highly
offering outstanding opportunities to its extent and this may set the new milestone for the
next phase of the start-up environment. This paper deals with the development of
technopreneurship in India and contribution to the start-up technopreneurs, new schemes and
well equipped technology parks will be implemented for the welfare of the new start-up and
commencing new technical education centres with mentors and advisers.
Key words:
Technopreneur, Start-up, Entrepreneur, Technology, Invention, Technopreneurship
Introduction
Start-up is the magnetic tool of the Indian entrepreneurs to taste the sweetest portion
of the business. This might be reflected in the emerging growth of the start-up in upcoming
years of the Indian economy. In the competitive globe, technopreneurs are playing the
dominant role to rule the global markets with tremendous achievements. With the support of
science and technology, the business minded peoples are innovating some curious and
practical products and initiating the same in their business, trying to satisfy the customer
needs. These predictable talents make them to the ultimate in the business league. It clearly
shows that, India travels in the right vision to achieve the top most in global economic
competition. Creating awareness and giving proper guidance to the youngsters are not enough
to face the great battle, instead of that the supporters like the training centres, educational
institutions, corporate companies, small and middle firms should contribute somewhat they
expects and build a friendly bridge with the young start-up environment.
The present era entirely turns its vision on the start-ups of the nation. Start-ups are the
only key players that can change the entire economic history of the nation. India also seeks
the best way to meet the world-wide competition and the past few years, India makes some
remarkable changes in its corporate policies to improve the number of industries in the nation
to satisfy the world needs (Prashant Mehra, 2016). It leads India to hold a positive position
across the world nations. This might be the perfect time to encourage and motivate the young
and new trend-setters cum entrepreneurs to shine in the universal corporate field. For the
benefit of the start-ups, our government spends much more time and energy to identify the
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2. technical oriented entrepreneurs and giving them a suitable guidance and practices to mould
the creativity mind of the young talented people. It may reproduce the skills and abilities of
the technopreneurs to generate vigour added new technical products and services; and also
they can eradicate the existing products with some technically advanced thinking.
Start-up India, the ruling party of the nation announced this scheme in the beginning
of the year 2016. This scheme grasps lot of freedoms to the entrepreneurial pitch. It includes
tax benefits, easy patent rights, relaxation of norms, financial assistance to the fresher,
incubating centres for the creative thinkers etc., The Indian government is setting a right path
and plans to construct an online gateway and mobile apps to share the messages and
information to the society includes investors, business peoples, title sponsors, incubators,
mentors and the governing body too. It is highly flexible to access the information freely by
the users and seekers.
Tech start-ups are leading the addition of start-up ecosystem and it is ready to boost
venue generated by information technology and business process management sector by
almost twelve to fourteen per cent for the current financial year. India witnessed the largest
mixture of capital from overseas through venture capital funds in the year 2014 by the native
start-ups (Mithilesh Kumar Sinha, 2016). India records the emerging start-up ecosystem in
the world. Evaluating the last few years, India has turned up from being the fourth largest
ecosystem in the world to the third largest. If this phase continuous, next two years by this
time India might be at the second top most in the start-ups. India experiencing the fastest
growing start-up base and stands third in science and technology after United States and
United Kingdom respectively. In particular, Bangalore ranked fifteenth among global start-up
ecosystem.
Nation
Start-up
2015 2020P
US 48,000 83,000+
UK 5,000 7,900+
India 4,400 10,000+
Israel 4,100 4,750+
China 3,500 10,000+
Canada 3,100 6,200+
Australia 1,320 2,800+
Germany 1,175 2.525+
France 1,050 2,300+
Brazil 775 1,650+
Russia 650 1,375+
Netherland 575 1,250+
Source: Momentous Rise of the Indian Start-up Ecosystem, NASSCOM
Start-Up
In general, start-up is a young concern which could be an entrepreneurial attempt.
Solid or provisional organisation designed to create some better turnover with nominal
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3. earnings or profit. It may be a dynamic company built on technology and innovation wherein
the founders attempt to capitalize on developing a product or service for which they believe
there is a demand (Debaprosanna Nandy, 2016).
In government’s point of view, the meaning of start-up may differ and it formulated
that, Start-up is an entity (Private Limited Company or Registered Partnership Firm or
Limited Liability Partnership) shall be considered as “Start-up”. The organisation should
come under 5 years from the date of its registration. The total turnover (turnover as under the
Companies Act, 2013) of the organisation should never cross 25 crore of Indian rupees in all
five financial years. The organisation might be working towards innovation, expansion,
distribution and fascination of new products and services composed by science and
technology. The organisation should not be a combination or renovation of a business already
in the society. A proprietorship or a public limited company is not eligible as start-up
(Ministry of Commerce and Industry, 2016). Only private limited company is allowed to be
accepted as a 'start-up'.
Multiple indicators point to the fact that this eco system is not only undergoing rapid
evolution, but is also becoming increasingly attractive. Various central and state government
start-up initiatives are further supporting this progressive phase of start-ups in India. This
maturing start-up ecosystem is contributing to the Indian economy in multiple ways. In
addition to enhancing the lifestyle of citizens, start-ups are creating innovative technology
solutions that address key problems that India as a country face around power, healthcare,
employment, and education (Pari Natarajan, 2015).
Demography of Start-up founders
Depends on Age Education
Below 25 years 16% Engineering Graduate 35%
26-30 years 26% MBA Graduate 26%
31-35 years 31% Other Graduate 15%
36-40 years 15% Other Post Graduate 10%
41-45 years 6% Engineering Post Graduate 4%
Above 45 years 6% Others 10%
Source: Momentous Rise of the Indian Start-up Ecosystem, NASSCOM
10,000 Start-up Programme
NASSCOM initiates to produce more than ten thousand start-ups by the year 2020
and in the list, most of them are purely from technology oriented start-ups. India has the real
potential and unpredictable sphere to become a start-up nation. Since 2010, The Indian
technology start-up background has seen a tremendous growth towards creation of innovative
start-ups. India retains its special place to the new breed of young start-ups. It clearly shows
that India having the electric opportunities to become the third largest base of technology
start-ups in the universe. In this obligation, NASSCOM receives more supporters includes
Google for entrepreneurs, Microsoft for ventures, Kotak Mahindra Bank, IBM and Amazon
Web Services.
Sharing of 10,000 Start-up
Tech Start-up (43%) Non-Tech Start-up (57%)
E-Commerce 1419
Engineering 969
Construction 741
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4. Business 2 Business 1032 Agriculture 627
Internet 516 Textile 456
Mobile Apps 430 Print & Package 456
SaaS 344 Transport 342
Other 559
Outsource 285
Other 1824
Source: Start-up India - An Overview
The techno based entrepreneurs leads our Bharat nation to the third largest start-up
hub in the world. India took nearly fifteen years to attain this memorable achievement. India
holds another record that the average start-ups age is twenty eight years and this is the least
when compared to others. From the whole, only 9 per cent of the start-up is shared by our
women entrepreneurs and this was wiped out and it grows approximately 50 per cent of the
start-up shared by the women in the last twelve months. More than sixty per cent of job
opportunities will be generated by the small and medium sized industries between 1993 and
2013. Authorised register shows that nearly 85,000 employments were provided by the start-
ups in the year 2015 and it will be increased to 2,50,000 in the year 2020. With huge rise in
the number of start-ups in India, more employment opportunities are being generated.
The sum of tech start-ups are expected to increase from 4,400 in 2015 to 11,500 in
2020. The government and the concerned ministry joins together and commencing more
initiative programmes for the start-up success. For the welfare of the start-up more
inducement programmes and financial assistance were announced by the government. Over
the intention, nearly 4300 start-ups are identified in the techno based start-ups. Majority of
the start-up plans and programmes with the investors are from the metro cities like Chennai,
Bangalore, Mumbai and Delhi. In this contest, Bangalore holds the most number of start-ups
in the additional years. So, the government plans to increase the number of incubation
centres, technology parks, research institutes and start-up hubs in the metro cities and its
surroundings.
Benefits to Technopreneurs
The start-up action plan keenly comes forward to reduce the burden of monitoring the
start-ups in initial stage. The ministry allowing the start-up to focus on their primary business
with eagle view. In favour of the start-up, the government launches many motivating schemes
and relaxing the judicial rules and norms. Start-ups are permitted to self-certification based
agreement and they have received the complete freedom from labour inspections for three
years. These relaxations are particularly beneficial to those start-ups who are committed in
the manufacturing sector.
Exemption from capital gain tax will be granted to start-ups. Start-ups will also be
exempted from income-tax for a maximum period of three years in the life of five years, if
they are registered between 1.4.2016 and 31.3.2019. Patent application of start-ups would be
fast-tracked and would be eligible for 80% rebate of the statutory filing fees. Government
will also appoint a panel of facilitators to assist in filing and disposal of the IP registration
applications filed by start-ups. The ministry takes necessary actions to implement the best
online portal for e-filing and also plans to introduce mobile applications in a pretty mode.
Government will set up incubators across the country in public private partnership,
centres of innovation and entrepreneurship (including start-up centres) at national institutes to
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5. provide facilities to start-ups and new Research Parks in IITs. Government will also provide
the requisite training to potential entrepreneurs in various technologies as well as seed
funding to potentially successful and high growth start-ups. Special emphasis has been given
to promote the biotechnology sector in India. A special setup of bio-clusters, bio-incubators,
technology transfer offices and bio-connect offices in research institutes and universities
across India (Rupesh Mishra, 2016).
Top Holders
The solid interest of the government to implement the start-up programme in India. In
the meantime ministry of commerce and industry takes necessary actions for the perfection of
the series. These enormous benefits will be experienced by most of us. In particular, the
metro cities named Bangalore, Delhi and Mumbai are the most beneficiaries of the start-up.
Bangalore alone seized twenty six per cent of the total advantages of the programme. By this
practice, Bangalore witnessed more number of start-ups and investors and also in amount of
funding. So, the government plans to assign lot of incubation centres and technology parks
there. Delhi holds another twenty three per cent of the start-ups from the rest. Delhi mainly
focuses on e-commerce and aggregators. Mumbai stands third in the list with seventeen per
cent of the start-ups and highly deserves its success. Hyper local is the main spotlight of
Mumbai in this battle. More than sixty six per cent of the entire start-ups were shared by
these three skippers of the nation.
Source: Momentous Rise of the Indian Start-up Ecosystem, NASSCOM
Chennai sited top in the emerging cities list of the start-ups. Chennai got eight per
cent of the start-ups and it primarily focused in SaaS hub on enterprise and analytics area.
Chennai has large base of B2B SaaS product companies triggered by the success of ZOHO.
Followed by Hyderabad and Pune registers only six per cent of the start-up ecosystem. Both
are concentrates in e-commerce and payment modes. Ahmedabad, Jaipur and Kochi also
joins in the contest to get more number of start-ups and investors to acquire additional
4.8
4.5
4
1.5
0.8 0.8
0.5 0.5 0.4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Start-up Index Value (0-5)
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6. funding from the government. This start-up ecosystem facilitates making ease of investors,
incubators and accelerators spaces.
Start-up* Investment#
Paytm 680 Mn
Ola Cabs 625 Mn
Snapdeal 500 Mn
Ecom Express 133 Mn
Oyo Rooms 100 Mn
Freecharge 80 Mn
Antuit 56 Mn
Big Basket 50 Mn
Homelane 50 Mn
* Top Start-ups in the year 2015
# Millions in US $
Source: Start-up India - An Overview
Opportunities and Challenges
Start-ups having more opportunities to develop their business as well as facing
disaster challenges to sustain them in the competition. Talent, equity, government assistance,
friendly environment, new technologies, existing market, global openings are the great
opportunities for the tech start-ups and recruitment, scaling, access of funds, financial aids,
tight competition, political interference, alive markets are the charming challenges to the high
tech start-ups in the present situation.
World Bank proves that India is ranked 130th out of 189 economies on the ease of
doing business, 133rd on the ease of trading across borders and157th on the ease of paying
taxes. India is ranked 155th in case of starting a business. On an average, Indian businesses
need to make 33 tax payments annually with around 243 hours spent to prepare and pay taxes
in a year. In contrast, China requires just nine tax payments annually, while the US doesn’t
trouble its taxpayers more than 11 times annually for tax payments. (Start-up India - An
Overview) Among South Asian economies, India makes the biggest improvement in business
regulations and increasing its distance to the extreme boundary.
The Indian culture has broken in people to look down upon failure. Entrepreneurship
is often about failing and learning from those failures and starting all over again. People need
to start accepting failures and allow second chances. Most originators of failed start-ups feel
that, lack of guidance and mentorship is a major reason for their failure. An important factor
lies behind failures and less growth of some organisations is the lack of quality adviser,
especially in terms of industrial knowledge and support. The subject of awareness should be
more evaluated on the environmental issues with their clients.
E Commerce Aggregators Hyper local Consumer deal Payments
Sell products and
services through
internet and
online
Offer message
about goods/
services from
several sources
Sell products to
remote/ smaller
areas with short
delivery time
Offer a range of
services
targeted directly
to consumers
Make
payments
through
software and
hardware
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7. Edu-Tech Health-Tech Gaming Analytics Others
Operate in the
education sector
and provide
technology
related services
Operate in the
health care sector
and provide
technology allied
services
Involved in
development of
computer and
mobile games
Provide
analytics linked
services as the
final products/
solutions
Present
verticals
other than the
ones listed
over
Source: Momentous Rise of the Indian Start-up Ecosystem, NASSCOM
Highlights of Start-up India Programme
Tax exemption and concession
E-Registration for start-up
Self-certification system
Special queue for women
No regulatory inspection
Application fee discount
Rs. 10,000 crore grant
Easy exit procedure
Credit guarantee fund
Fast-track mechanism for patent
Mobile app for start-ups within a day
Conclusion
Over the period of India’s industrial and economical history, Technical Entrepreneurs
have got a chance to establish their entire potential to the world. The government and the
policy creators are together and created an incredible junction. It turns the way of entrance
more flexible for new technical start-ups and investors. Will these roars are laudable, India’s
escalation never stoppable by the other business friendly enemies. New start-up requires a lot
to be done for India, a number one business destiny particularly with respect in fast track
business related clash. India should concentrate more in the regulation of the act passed and
should evaluate the progress in regular interval. Indian young start-up technopreneurs are
well prepared to dominate the whole commercial world. It’s the perfect time to transform the
Indian job chasers to Indian job makers. Finally the India’s triumph chronicle will definitely
reflects in the global economy and awaiting for the responses from the challengers.
Reference
1. Prashant Mehra, Startups India - An Overview, Grant Thornton, India, 2016
2. Mithilesh Kumar Sinha, Startup: A Change Agent for transforming India from within,
Economic Challenger, Vol 72, No 18, July 2016
3. Momentous Rise of the Indian Start-up Ecosystem, NASSCOM and Zinnov, 2015
4. Debaprosanna Nandy, Startups for sustainable growth, The Management Accountant,
2016
5. Ministry of Commerce and Industry, The Gazette of India, February 2016
6. Pari Natarajan, Momentous Rise of the Indian Start-up Ecosystem, NASSCOM and
Zinnov, 2015
7. Startups India - An Overview, Grant Thornton, India, 2016
8. Rupesh Mishra, Everything you wanted to know about Startup India, Article, Forbes
India, 2016
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8. 9. Startup India Standup India Schemes, Pradhanmantri Yojana, 2016
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