economics 1st Paper chapter 3 MCQ

1. PRO WITH SWADHIN
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
Drcv`b, Drcv`b e¨q I Avq
A_©bxwZ
¸iæZ¡c~Y© eûwbe©vPbx cÖkœDËi
1. Drcv`‡bi RxešÍ DcKiY †KvbwU?
(K) f~wg (L) g~jab
(M) kÖg (N) msMVb
DËi: M
2. A_©bxwZ‡Z Drcv`‡bi DcKiY KqwU?
(K) 1 (L) 2
(M) 3 (N) 4
DËi: N
3. Wv³v‡ii wPwKrmv †Kvb ni‡bi Dc‡hv‡Mi mv‡_
m¤úwK©Z?
(K) iƒcMZ (L) ¯’vbMZ
(M) ‡mevMZ (N) KvjMZ
DËi: M
4. Drcv`‡bi Drcvw`Z Dcv`vb hv Drcv`b Kv‡h© e¨eüZ
nq, Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) f~wg (L) kÖg
(M) g~jab (N) msMVb
DËi: M
5. ‡Kv‡bv `ª‡e¨i AwZwi³ GK GKK Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †h
AwZwi³ e¨q nq, Zv‡K e‡jÑ
(K) ‡gvU e¨q (L) Mo e¨q
(M) cÖvwšÍK e¨q (N) cwieZ©bxq e¨q
DËi: M
6. Drcv`‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb e¨q‡K Kx ejv nq?
(K) cÖvwšÍK e¨q (L) ‡gvU e¨q
(M) w¯’i e¨q (N) cwieZ©bkxj e¨q
DËi: M
7. µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewai cÖe³v †K?
(K) ‡WwfW wiKv‡W©v (L) Avj‡d«W gvk©vj
(M) G K~U‡mvqvwbm (N) Gj. iweÝ
DËi: L
8. AC †iLv hLb wb¤œMvgx ZLb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) AC > MC (L) AC < MC
(M) AC = MC (N) AC  MC
DËi: K
9. wb‡Pi †KvbwU w¯’i e¨‡qi D`vniY?
(K) KuvPvgv‡ji e¨q (L) cwienb e¨q
(M) KviLvbvi fvov (N) A¯’vqx kÖwg‡Ki gRywi
DËi: M
10. Drcv`‡bi GK GKK cwieZ©‡b †gvU e¨‡qi †h
cwieZ©b nq †mwU †Kvb ai‡bi e¨q?
(K) w¯’i e¨q (L) Mo e¨q
(M) cÖvwšÍK e¨q (N) cwieZ©bxq e¨q
DËi: M
11. ‡Kvb e¨‡qi n«vm-e„w×i mv‡_ Drcv`b n«vm-e„w× cvq?
(K) w¯’i (L) Mo
(M) cÖvwšÍK (N) cwieZ©bkxj
DËi: N
12. Mo e¨q (AC) me©wb¤œ Ae¯’vq †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) AC < MC (L) AC > MC
(M) AC = MC (N) AC  MC
DËi: M
13. ‡Kv‡bv wbw`©ó cY¨ Drcv`‡b wb‡qvwRZ GKvwaK
Drcv`b cÖwZôvb wg‡j MwVZ nqÑ
(K) d¬v›U (L) wkí
(M) evRvi (N) dvg©
DËi: L
14. ‡Kvb e¨q Drcv`‡bi cwieZ©bkxj e¨‡qi mv‡_
m¤úwK©Z?
(K) KviLvbvi fvov (L) wbivcËviÿxi †eZb
(M) we`y¨r eemv‡qi e¨q (N) m¤úwËi Ici Ki
DËi: M
16. ‡gvU Av‡qi cwieZ©b‡K †gvU Drcv`‡bi cwieZ©‡bi
gvb w`‡q fvM Ki‡j fvMdj wn‡m‡e hv cvIqv hv‡eÑ
(K) cÖvwšÍK Avq (MR) (L) Mo Avq (AR)
(M) ‡gvU ivRZ¡ (N) `vg¯Íi
DËi: K
17. Drcv`b I Dcv`v‡bi ga¨Kvi KvwiMwi m¤úK© †h
A‡cÿ‡Ki gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kiv nq Zv‡K Kx A‡cÿZ
e‡j?
(K) e¨q A‡cÿK (L) Avq A‡cÿK
(M) Drcv`b A‡cÿK (N) Dc‡hvM A‡cÿK

2. PRO WITH SWADHIN
DËi: M
18. Mo e¨q (AC) I cÖvwšÍK e¨q (MC) ci¯úi mgvb
n‡e hLb-
(K) AC hLb ea©gvb (L) AC hLb n«vmgvb
(M) AC hLb me©wb¤œ (N) AC hLb m‡e©v”P
DËi: M
19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU MwZkxjZv †bB?
(K) f~wg (L) kÖg
(M) g~jab (N) msMVb
DËi: K
20. TC/Q = KZ?
(K) AFC (L) AVC
(M) AC (N) MC
DËi: N
21. `xN©Kv‡j †Kvb ai‡bi e¨q Abycw¯’Z _v‡K?
(K) AFC (L) AVC
(M) AC (N) MC
DËi: K
22. AR = ?
(K) P  Q (L)
Q
P
(M)
Q
TR
(N)
Q
TR


DËi: M
23.‡KvbwU cwieZ©bkxj e¨q?
(K) ¯’vqx kÖwg‡Ki †eZb
(L) m¤úwËi Ici cÖ`Ë Ki
(M) A¯’vqx kªwg‡Ki gRywi
(N) evwo fvov
DËi: M
24. AFC I AVC Gi mgwó‡K Kx ejv nq?
(K) AC (L) TVC
(M) TFC (N) MC
DËi: K
25. f~wgi ˆewkó¨ n‡jvÑ
(i) wPi¯’vqx
(ii) †hvMvb mxgve×
(iii) ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: K
26.‡gvU e¨q mgvbÑ
(i) TC = AC  Q
(ii) TC = TFC + TVC
(iii) TC = MC  Q
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: K
27. ¯^íKv‡j cwieZ©b Kiv m¤¢eÑ
(i) fvix hš¿cvwZ
(ii) kÖwgK
(iii) KuvPvgvj
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: N
28.wewb‡qvM e„w×i d‡jÑ
(i) ‡gvU e¨q ev‡o
(ii) Mo e¨q w¯’i _v‡K
(iii) Drcv`b e„w× e¨q
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: L
29. Drcv`b A‡cÿK Q = f(L, K ); (GLv‡b K w¯’i)
n‡j G‡ÿ‡ÎÑ
(i) gvÎvMZ Drcv`b Kvh©Ki
(ii) cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewa Kvh©Ki
(iii) ¯^íKvjxb mgq we‡eP¨

3. PRO WITH SWADHIN
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: M
* wb‡Pi m~wPi Av‡jv‡K 30 I 31 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
Rwgi cwigvY (GKK) kÖg (GKK) ‡gvU Drcv`b (GKK)
1 1 20
1 2 38
1 3 54
1 4 64
30.3q GKK kÖ‡gi cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b KZ?
(K) 10 (L) 16
(M) 18 (N) 20
DËi: L
31. DÏxc‡K †Kvb Drcv`b wewa Kvh©Ki n‡q‡Q?
(K) µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b
(L) µgn«vmgvb gvÎvMZ Drcv`b
(M) µgea©gvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b
(N) µgea©gvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b
DËi: K
* wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ K‡iv Ges 32 I 33 cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI
Rwgi
cwigvY
kÖ‡gi
cwigvY
‡gvU
Drcv`b
cÖvwšÍK
Drcv`b
5 GKK 2 GKK 12 GKK 12 GKK
5 GKK 3 GKK 20 GKK ?
5 GKK 4 GKK ? 6 GKK
32.Lvwj N‡i (?) †gvU Drcv`b I cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b n‡e
h_vµ‡gÑ
(K) 34, 9 (L) 24, 6
(M) 15, 10 (N) 26, 8
DËi: N
33.DcwiD³ DÏxc‡KÑ
(i) ‡gvU Drcv`b µgn«vmgvb nv‡i ev‡o
(ii) Mo Drcv`b me©`vB w¯’i _v‡K
(iii) cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b µgn«vmgvb nq
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: L
* wb‡Pi m~wP n‡Z 34 I 35 bs cÖ‡kœi `vI:
g~jab (GKK) ‡gvU Drcv`b (†KwR)
1
2
3
4
5
30
46
58
66
70
34. cÂg GKK g~ja‡bi cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b KZ GKK?
(K) 4 (L) 8
(M) 12 (N) 16
DËi: K
35.DÏxc‡K cÖvwšÍK Drcv`‡bi cÖK…wZ †Kgb?
(K) µgea©gvb (L) w¯’i
(M) µgn«vmgvb (N) FYvZ¥K
DËi: M
* wb‡Pi m~wP n‡Z 36 I 37 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
kÖg (L) 1 2 3 4
‡gvU Drcv`b (TP) 10 20 30 40
36.DÏxc‡K Mo Drcv`b KZ?
(K) 10 (L) 15
(M) 20 (N) 30
DËi: K
37. ‡gvU Drcv`b e„w×i nviÑ
(K) µvgn«vmgvb (L) µgea©gvb
(M) mgvbycvwZK (N) FYvZ¥K
DËi: M
* wb‡Pi wPÎ ‡_‡K 38 I 39 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:

4. PRO WITH SWADHIN
38.  we›`y‡Z Drcv`‡bi †ÿ‡Î APL I MPL Gi gvb
KZ?
(K) APL = 4, MPL < O
(L) APL = 5, MPL = O
(M) APL = 5, MPL > O
(N) APL = 20, MPL = 4
DËi: L
39.cÖ`Ë wPÎwU †Kvb ai‡bi Drcv`b wb‡`©k K‡i?
(K) ¯^íKvjxb
(L) µgn«vmgvb gvÎvMZ Drcv`b
(M) `xN©Kvjxb
(N) µgea©gvb gvÎvMZ Drcv`b
DËi: K
40. Drcv`‡bi Drcvw`Z Dcv`vb‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) kÖg (L) g~jab
(M) msMVb (N) f~wg
DËi: L
41. A_©bxwZ‡Z Drcv`b ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
(K) bZzb `ªe¨ m„wó (L) bZzb Dc‡hvM m„wó
(M) AwZwi³ Avq m„wó (N) DcKiY GKÎxKiY
DËi: L
42. mÂq †Kvb DcKi‡bi Drm?
(K) f~wg (L) kÖg
(M) g~jab (N) msMVb
DËi: M
43. Drcv`‡bi DcKiY KqwU?
(K) 1 (L) 2
(M) 3 (N) 4
DËi: N
44. ‡Kvb DcKiYwU Drcv`b Kvh©µg Z`viwK K‡i?
(K) f~wg (L) kÖg
(M) msMVb (N) g~jab
DËi: M
45. gvÎvMZ Drcv`b KZ cÖKvi?
(K) `yB (L) wZb
(M) Pvi (N) cuvP
DËi: L
46. Drcv`‡bi DcKiYmg~n‡K GKwU wbw`©ó nv‡i e„w×
Ki‡j Drcv`‡bi †h cwieZ©b N‡U Zv‡K e‡jÑ
(K) Drcv`b wewa (L) gvÎvMZ Drcv`b
(M) Drcv`b e¨q (N) cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b
DËi: L
47. ‡gvU Drcv`b hLb µgea©gvb nv‡i ev‡o, cªvwšÍK
Drcv`b ZLbÑ
(K) e„w× cvq (L) n«vm cvq
(M) w¯’i _v‡K (N) k~b¨ nq
DËi: K
48. `xN©Kv‡j Mo e¨q †iLvi AvK…wZ †Kgb nq?
(K) DaŸ©Mvgx (L) wb¤œMvgx
(M) f~wg A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj (N) m¤úªmvwiZ U AvK…wZi
DËi: N
49. KLb Mo e¨q (AC) I cÖvwšÍK e¨q (MC) mgvb nq?
(K) hLb AC wb¤œMvgx (L) hLb MC wb¤œMvgx
(M) hLb AC me©wb¤œ (N) hLb MC DaŸ©Mvgx
DËi: M
50. TFC I TVC Gi mgwó‡K ejv nqÑ
(K) AC (L) MC
(M) TC (N) VC
DËi: M
51. wP‡Î Wvbw`‡K wb¤œMvgx ‘A’ †iLvwU †Kvb ai‡bi e¨q
wb‡`©k K‡i?
(K) TFC (L) AVC
(M) MC (N) AFC
DËi: N
52. wb‡Pi †Kvb †iLvwU U AvK…wZi?
(K) AFC (L) TFC
(M) AC (N) TC
DËi: M
53. †Kvb welqwU ïay ¯^íKv‡j m¤ú„³?
(K) ‡gvU w¯’i LiP (L) cwieZ©bkxj LiP

5. PRO WITH SWADHIN
(M) Mo LiP (N) ‡gvU LiP
DËi: K
54. bZzb Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡i †KvbwU?
(K) Pvwn`v (L) ‡fvM
(M) ‡hvMvb (N) Drcv`b
DËi: N
55. TC µgn«vmgvb nv‡i evo‡j MC †iLv †Kgb n‡e?
(K) Wvbw`‡K DaŸ©Mvgx (L) Wvbw`‡K wb¤œMvgx
(M) f~wg A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj (N) j¤^ A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj
DËi: L
56.e¨q †KvbwUi Ici wbf©ikxj?
(K) Avq (L) Drcv`b
(M) DcKiY (N) wewb‡qvM
DËi: L
57. wb‡Pi e¨‡qi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ †Kvb †iLvwU g~j we›`y †_‡K
ïay nq?
(K) TVC (L) TFC
(M) TC (N) AFC
DËi: K
58. KLb Mo e¨q (AC) I cÖvwšÍK e¨q (MC) mgvb nq?
(K) cÖvwšÍK e¨q (MC) me©wb¤œ n‡j
(L) cÖvwšÍK e¨q (MC) evo‡j
(M) Mo e¨q (AC) Kg‡j
(N) Mo e¨q (AC) me©wb¤œ n‡j
DËi: N
59. †gvU e¨q mgvbÑ
(K) MC + AC (L) MC + AVC
(M) FC + MC (N) TFC + TVC
DËi: N
60. Mo e¨q †iLv (AC) hLb wb¤œMvgx, ZLb wb‡Pi
†KvbwU N‡U?
(K) AC > MC (L) AC = MC
(M) AC < MC (N) AC  MC
DËi: K
61. ¯^íKv‡j Drcv`b eÜ _vK‡jI dvg©‡K ev
Drcv`bKvix‡K †h e¨q enb Ki‡Z nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) w¯’i e¨q (L) cwieZ©bxq e¨q
(M) ‡gvU e¨q (N) cÖvwšÍK e¨q
DËi: K
62.wb‡Pi †Kvb †iLvwU f~wg A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj?
(K) TVC (L) TFC
(M) AFC (N) AVC
DËi: L
63. ¯^íKv‡ji Rb¨ †KvbwU mZ¨?
(K) FC = 0 (L) TC = VC
(M) TC = FC + VC (N) AC = AVC
DËi: M
64. AwZwi³ GK GKK `ªe¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †h AwZwi³
LiP nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) ‡gvU cwieZ©bxq LiP (L) ‡gvU LiP
(M) Mo cwieZ©bxq LiP (N) cÖvwšÍK LiP
DËi: N
65. Mo Avq wbY©‡qi m~Î †KvbwU?
(K)
Q
AC
AR = (L)
Q
MC
AR =
(M)
Q
TR
AR = (N)
Q
TP
AR =
DËi: L
66. nviæb mv‡n‡ei cÖwZôv‡b KviLvbv fvov 20,000
UvKv, KuvPvgvj LiP 17,000 UvKv, kÖg e¨q 3,000
UvKv, PjwZ g~ja‡bi my` 2,000 UvKv| †gvU
cwieZ©bkxj e¨q KZ?
(K) 19,000 UvKv (L) 22,000 UvKv
(M) 23,000 UvKv (N) 45,000 UvKv
DËi: L
67. dv‡g©i †Kvb e¨q †iLvi AvK…wZ mgcive„ËvKvi nq?
(K) AVC (L) AFC
(M) AC (N) MC
DËi: L
68. TFC = 10, TVC = 20 Drcv`‡bi cwigvY Q =
10 n‡j TC = KZ?
(K) 100 (L) 30
(M) 20 (N) 10
DËi: L
69. ‡KvbwU w¯’i Li‡Pi AšÍf©~³?
(K) we`y¨r ms‡hvM e¨q (L) we`y¨r wej
(M) cwienb e¨q (N) KuvPvgvj µ‡q e¨q

6. PRO WITH SWADHIN
DËi: K
70. `xN©Kvjxb Drcv`‡bi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mZ¨?
(K) kÖg, g~jab I msMVb w¯’i
(L) f~wg, kÖg I g~jab w¯’i _v‡K wKš‘ msMVb
cwiewZ©Z nq
(M) f~wg I kÖg w¯’i wKš‘ g~jab I msMVb cwiewZ©Z nq
(N) mKj DcKiY cwiewZ©Z nq
DËi: N
71. cªK…wZ cÖ`Ë m¤ú‡`i AvKvi, AvK…wZ I iƒc cwieZ©b
K‡i bZzb ai‡bi Dc‡hvM m„wó m¤¢e n‡j, Zv‡K e‡j-
(K) Drcv`b (L) wewb‡qvM
(M) ‡hvMvb (N) ‡fvM
DËi: K
72. Drcv`‡bi Drcvw`Z Dcv`vb †KvbwU?
(K) msMVb (L) f~wg
(M) kÖg (N) g~jab
DËi: N
73. Mo Avq wbY©‡qi m~Î †KvbwU?
(K)
Q
TR
AR = (L)
Q
AT
AR =
(M)
Q
AC
AR = (N)
Q
TP
AR =
DËi: K
74. gvÎvMZ Drcv`b KZ cÖKvi?
(K) 2 cÖKvi (L) 3 cÖKvi
(M) 4 cÖKvi (N) 5 cÖKvi
DËi: L
75. gvÎvMZ Drcv`b wewai †ÿ‡Î-
(K) wKQz DcKiY w¯’i I wKQz DcKiY cwiewZ©bxq nq
(L) GKwU DcKiY evvo‡bv nq, hLb Ab¨ DcKiY w¯’i
_v‡K
(M) mKj DcKiY cwieZ©bxq nq
(N) GKwU DcKiY w¯’i I Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY cwieZ©bxq
nq
DËi: M
76. Mo e¨q (AC) = cÖvwšÍK e¨q (MC) n‡e hLb-
(K) AC †iLv wb¤œMvgx (L) MC †iLv wb¤œMvgx
(M) AC me©wb¤œ (N) MC me©wb¤œ
DËi: M
77. ‡Kvb †iLvi AvK…wZ f~wg A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj nq?
(K) AFC (L) TEC
(M) AC (N) TVC
DËi: L
78. ‡KvbwU cwieZ©bkxj e¨q?
(K) AFC (L) TFC
(M) AC (N) TVC
DËi: L
79. wb‡Pi †Kvb †iLvwU g~j we›`y †_‡K ïiæ nq?
(K) ‡gvU cwieZ©bxq LiP (L) ‡gvU w¯’i LiP
(M) ‡gvU LiP (N) Mo LiP
DËi: K
80. TFC I TVC Gi mgwó‡K Kx ejv nq?
(K) AC (L) MC
(M) TC (N) VC
DËi: N
81. ¯^íKv‡j Drcv`b eÜ _vK‡jI dvg©‡K †h e¨q enb
Ki‡Z nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
(K) cwieZ©bxq e¨q (L) cÖvwšÍK e¨q
(M) w¯’i e¨q (N) Mo e¨q
DËi: M
82.`xN©Kvjxb Mo e¨q (LAC) †iLvÑ
(K) evg †_‡K Wvbw`‡K wb¤œMvgx nq
(L) evg †Z‡K Wvbw`‡K DaŸ©Mvgx nq
(M) A‡cÿvK…Z Lvov U AvK…wZi nq
(N) A‡cÿvK…Z we¯Í…Z U AvK…wZi nq
DËi: N
83. f~wgi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv-
(i) f~wg cÖK…wZi `vb
(ii) ‡hvMvb mxgve×
(iii) De©ivkw³i cv_©K¨ Av‡Q
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii
(M) i I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: N
84. A_©bxwZ‡Z f~wg ej‡Z †evSvqÑ
(i) f~-c„ô
(ii) b`b`x

7. PRO WITH SWADHIN
(iii) evZvm
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii
(M) i I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: N
85. )
K
,
L
(
f
Q = A‡cÿK n‡jvÑ
(‡hLv‡b L = kÖg, K = g~jab, f = A‡cÿK, Q =
Drcv`b)
(i) `xN©Kvjxb Drcv`b A‡cÿK
(ii) e¨q A‡cÿK
(iii) ¯^íKvjxb Drcv`b A‡cÿK
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii
(M) i I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: L
86. ¯^íKv‡j cwieZ©b Kiv m¤¢eÑ
(i) hš¿cvwZ
(ii) kÖwgK
(iii) KuvPvgvj
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: M
87. AC †iLvi me©wb¤œ we›`y‡ZÑ
(i) MC me©wb¤œ
(ii) AC – MC nq
(iii) MC †iLv µgea©gvb
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: M
88. AC I MC-Gi mgZv¯’v‡jÑ
(i) TC me©wb¤œ
(ii) AC me©wb¤œ
(iii) MC µgea©gvb
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: M
DÏxc‡KiwU c‡o 89-90 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
kÖwgK msL¨v ‡gvU Drcv`b (GKK)
1 40
2 90
3 125
4 150
5 165
6 175
89. Q‡K DwjøwLZ 6ô kÖwg‡Ki cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b KZ?
(K) 10 GKK (L) 15 GKK
(M) 165 GKK (N) 175 GKK
DËi: K
90. G‡ÿ‡Î †Kvb Drcv`b wewa Kvh©Ki n‡q‡Q?
(K) µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewa
(L) µgea©gvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewa
(M) µgea©gvb gvÎvMZ Drcv`b wewa
(N) µgn«vmgvb gvÎvMZ Drcv`b wewa
DËi: K
DÏxcKwU c‡ov Ges 91 I 92 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
GKwU KviLvbvq 1wU †gwk‡bi mvnv‡hª 6 Rb kÖwgK 10wU
`ªe¨ Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i| bZzb 1 Rb kÖwgK wb‡qvM w`‡j
Drcv`‡bi cwigvY e„w× †c‡q 13wU nq| Z‡e 8g kÖwgK
wb‡qvM w`‡q KviLvbvq Drcv`b Avi e„w× cvq bv|
91. 7g kÖwg‡Ki cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b KZ?
(K) 6 GKK (L) 7 GKK
(M) 3 GKK (N) 13 GKK
DËi: M
92. D³ KviLvbvi †ÿ‡Î Drcv`bÑ
(i) kÖg I g~ja‡bi Ici wbf©ikxj A_©vr Q=(L,K)
(ii) Drcv`b A‡cÿK `xN©Kvjxb
(iii) µgnªvmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewa Kvh©Ki

8. PRO WITH SWADHIN
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: L
DÏxcKwU c‡ov Ges 93 I 94 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
kwdK wbR D‡`¨v‡M GKwU iæwUi KviLvbv ¯’vcb Kij| iæwU
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ KuvPvgvj, we`y¨r wej, cwienb e¨q I
cÖnixi †eZb eve` h_vµ‡g 15,000, 1,500, 3,000 I
2,000 UvKv LiP nq|
93.kwd‡Ki iæwUi KviLvbvq †gvU cwieZ©bxq Li‡Pi
(TVC) cwigvY KZ?
(K) 18,000 UvKv (L) 19,500 UvKv
(M) 20,000 UvKv (N) 21,500 UvKv
DËi: L
94. wb‡Pi †KvbwU DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K w¯’i LiP?
(K) KuvPvgvj (L) we`y¨r wej
(M) cÖnixi †eZb (N) cwienb e¨q
DËi: M
wb‡Pi m~wPwU jÿ K‡iv Ges 95 I 96 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
kÖ‡gi cwigvY ‡gvU Drcv`b cªvwšÍK Drcv`b
1 GKK 12 GKK 12 GKK
2 GKK 20 GKK  GKK
3 GKK  GKK 6 GKK
95. Lvwj N‡i †gvU Drcv`b I cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b h_vµ‡g-
(K) 32, 18 (L) 26, 8
(M) 8, 26 (N) 2, 6
DËi: L
96. DcwiD³ DÏxc‡KÑ
(i) ‡gvU Drcv`b µgn«vmgvb nv‡i ev‡o
(ii) Mo Drcv`b me©`v w¯’i _v‡K
(iii) cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b µgnªvmgvb
wbPi †KvbwU mwVK?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii
(M) i I iii (N) i, ii I iii
DËi: M
AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqµg Abyhvqx cª‡kœvËi
Drcv`b
1. mvaviY A‡_© Drcv`b n‡jvÑ †Kv‡bv wKQz m„wó Kiv|
2. A_©bxwZ‡Z DrcUv`b ej‡Z †evSvqÑ bZzb Dc‡hvM
m„wó|
3. Drcv`‡bi SuywK enb K‡iÑ msMVK|
4. Drcv`b e¨e¯’vcbvi KvR K‡ib- msMVK|
5. Drcv`b wbf©i K‡iÑ DcKi‡Yi Ici|
6. cÖK…wZ cÖ`Ë e¯‘i mv‡_ AwZwi³ Dc‡hvM ms‡hvMBÑ
Drcv`b|
7. Drcv`‡bi Dcv`vb bqÑ wewb‡qvM|
8. Drcv`b n‡jv †Kvb bZzb wRwbm m„wó KivÑ K¬vwmK¨vj
A_©bxwZwe‡`i g‡Z|
9. Drcv`b GKwUÑ iƒcvšÍi cÖwµqv|
10. Drcv`b DcKiY msMÖn I meKvR Z`viwK K‡iÑ
msMVb|
11. Drcv`‡bi _vK‡Z nqÑ wewbgq g~j¨|
Dc‡hvM I Drcv`‡bi ‡kÖwYwefvM
1. Dc‡hvM m„wói wewfbb cÖwµqv‡K fvM Kiv hvqÑ 5
fv‡M|
2. ‡Kv‡bv `ª‡e¨i Afve c~i‡Yi ÿgZv‡K e‡jÑ Dc‡hvM|
3. e¯‘ GK¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨¯’v‡b cwieZ©bÑ ¯’vbMZ
Dc‡hvM|
4. ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘i AvKvi cwieZ©b Kiv n‡jvÑ iƒcMZ
Dc‡hvM|
5. cwienb e¨e¯’v m„wó K‡iÑ †mevMZ Dc‡hvM|
6. mg‡qi e¨eav‡b m„wó Dc‡hvM n‡jvÑ mgqMZ Dc‡hvM
7. e¯‘i gvwjKvbvi n¯ÍvšÍi n‡jvÑ gvwjKvbvMZ Dc‡hvM|

9. PRO WITH SWADHIN
8. Drcv`‡bi †h Ask c~bivq Drcv`b Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq
ZvBÑ g~jab|
9. Dc‡hv‡Mi Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡eÑ wewbgq g~j¨|
Drcv`‡bi DcKiY
1. Drcv`‡bi cÖavb DcKiYÑ 4wU|
2. Drcv`‡bi PviwU Dcv`v‡bi g‡a¨ me©cÖ_g AskMÖnY
K‡iÑ f~wg|
3. Drcv`‡bi Avw` I †gŠwjK DcKiYÑ f~wg|
4. f~wgi †hvMvb ¯’vqxfv‡eÑ mxgve×|
5. Drcv`‡bi Rxeš‘ Dcv`vb n‡jv- kÖg|
6. kÖ‡gi cÖavb ˆewkó¨ n‡jv GwUÑ Rxeš‘ DcKiY|
7. kÖ‡gi gvwjKÑ kªwgK|
8. m‡qi gva¨‡g m„wó nqÑ g~jab|
9. hš¿cvwZ, KuvPvgvj cÖf…wZ n‡jvÑ g~jab|
10. Drcv`‡b SuywK enb K‡iÑ msMVK|
11. Drrcv`‡bi gvbweK Dcv`vbÑ kÖg|
‡gvU, Mo I cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b
1. cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b I Mo Drcv`b mgvb nqÑ wØZxq ¯Í‡i
2. cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b Mo Drcv`‡bi †P‡q Kg nqÑ Z…Zxq
¯Í‡i|
3. cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b †iLv Mo Drcv`b †iLviÑ m‡e©v”P
we›`y‡K †Q` K‡i|
4. Mo Drcv`‡bi m~ÎÑ †gvU Drcv`b  †gvU DcKiY|
5. MC †iLv AC †iLvi †Q` K‡iÑ me©wb¤œ we›`y‡Z|
6. ‡gvU kÖg DcKiY Øviv †gvU Drcv`b‡K fvM Ki‡j
cvIqv hvqÑ Mo Drcv`b|
7. MP evo‡Z _vK‡jÑ AP evo‡Z _v‡K|
8. cÖ_‡g ev‡o, Zvci K‡g †k‡l abvZ¥K nqÑ cÖvwšÍK
Drcv`b|
9. Mo Drcv`b I cÖvwšÍK Drcv`‡bi g‡a¨Ñ 3 ai‡bi
m¤úK©|
Drcv`b A‡cÿK
1. `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Pj‡Ki wbf©ikxjZvi m¤úK© cÖKvk
K‡iÑ A‡cÿK|
2. LvZwfwËK Drcv`b A‡cÿKÑ `yB cÖKvi|
3. DcKi‡Yi mv‡_ Drcv`‡bi m¤úK©‡K e‡jÑ Drcv`b
A‡cÿK|
4. Dcv`v‡bi mv‡_ Drcv‡bi m¤úK©Ñ abvZ¥K|
5. mg‡qi wfwˇZ Drcv`b A‡cÿKÑ `yB cÖKvi|
6. mgRvZxqZvi wfwˇZ Drcv`b A‡cÿKÑ `yB cÖKvi|
7. ¯^íKv‡j GKwU DcKiiYÑ w¯’i _v‡K|
8. g~jabwbweo cÖhyw³ †KŠkj n‡jvÑ g~jab  kÖg|
9. Q = f(L, K ) Ñ ¯^íKvjxb Drcv`b A‡cÿK|
10. Q = f(L, K) n‡jvÑ `xN©Kvjxb Drcv`b A‡cÿK|
Drcv`b wewa, µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewa
1. Drcv`b wewa wb‡`©k K‡iÑ Drcv`‡bi cwigvY|
2. Drcv`b wewaÑ 3 cÖKvi|
3. me©cÖ_g µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewawUi aviYv
†`bÑ A_©bxwZwe` Uvi‡Mv|
4. µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewai g~j K_vÑ cÖvwšÍK
Drcv`b µgn«vmgvb|
5. µgn«vmgvb cªvwšÍK Drcv`b wewa AwaK Kvh©Ki nqÑ
K…wl †ÿ‡Î|
6. µgn«vmgvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewai MP †iLvÑ Wv‡b
wb¤œMvgx nq|
7. GKwU we‡kl mg‡q FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡iÑ cÖvwšÍK
Dc‡hvM|
8. µgea©gvb cÖvwšÍK Drcv`b wewai MP †iLvÑ
Da٩Mvgx|
9. DcKiY I Drcv`‡bi cwieZ©b mgvb nqÑ
mgvbycvwZK Drcv`b wewa‡Z|
gvÎvMZ Drcv`b
1. gvÎvMZ Drcv`b m¤úK©hy³ n‡jvÑ ¯^íKvj I
`xN©Kv‡ji mv‡_|
2. Drcv`‡b e¨eüZ DcKi‡Yj e¨q‡K e‡jÑ Drcv`b
e¨q|
3. Drcv`‡bi mgqKvjÑ 2 cÖKvi|
4. gvÎvMZ Drcv`b `xN©Kv‡j Drcv`b‡K evovqÑ mgvb
nv‡i|
5. Q > 1.5Q > 1.8Q GwU n‡jvÑ µgn«vmgvb gvZvMZ
Drcv`b|
6. µgea©gvb gvÎvMZ Drcv`bÑ AwaK nv‡i e„w× cvq|

10. PRO WITH SWADHIN
7. 6Q > 3Q > Q GwU n‡jvÑ µgea©gvb gvÎvMZ
Drcv`b|
8. TP DaŸ©Mvgx n‡j MP nqÑ f~wg A‡ÿ mgvšÍivj|
9. mgvbycvwZK gvÎvMZ Drcv`b †Kvb †ÿ‡Î Kvh©KiÑ
wkí Lv‡Z|
Drcv`b e¨q
1. Drcv`b e¨q A‡cÿK ÑC = f(Q)
2. Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ DcKiY eve` e¨qBÑ Drcv`b e¨q|
3. `xN©KvjÑ LTC = TVC
4. `xN©Kv‡j Drcv`‡bi †gvU e¨q wb‡`©k Kiv nqÑ LTC
Øviv|
5. ‡Kv‡bv `ª‡e¨i cÖwZ GKK Drcv`‡bi e¨qBÑ Mo e¨q|
6. LvRbv, gRywi I my‡`i wbwg‡Ë e¨q n‡”QÑ Drcv`b
e¨q|
7. cÖv_wgK e¨q n‡jvÑ KvuPvgv‡ji e¨q|
8. me e¨qB cwieZ©bkxjÑ `xN©‡gqv‡`|
9. `xN©Kvjxb †iLvi DrcwË nqÑ g~j we›`y †_‡K|
10. cwic~~iK ev Dcw¯’wZ e¨q ejv nqÑ w¯’i e¨q‡K|
11. Drcv`b e„w× †c‡j Mo w¯’i e¨qÑ K‡g|
†gvU e¨q, w¯’i eªq I cwieZ©bkxj e¨q
1. wbw`©ó cwigvY `ªe¨ Drcv`‡b †h e¨q Zv‡K e‡jÑ †gvU
e¨q|
2. mg‡qj †cÖwÿ‡Z †gvU LiPÑ 2 cÖKvi|
3. ¯^íKvjxb †gvU e¨q cÖ_‡gÑ µgn«vmgvb nv‡i ev‡o|
4. ¯^íKvjxb †gvU e¨qÑ `yB ai‡bi|
5. Drcv`b e„w×i mv‡_ †h e¨q cwiewZ©Z nqÑ
cwieZ©bkxj e¨q|
6. Drcv`b e¨q k~b¨ n‡j Aw¯ÍZ¡ _v‡K bvÑ cwieZ©bkxj
e¨‡qi|
7. w¯’i e¨q †iLvi AvK…wZÑ f~wg A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj|
8. me©`v AcwiewZ©Z _v‡KÑ w¯’i e¨q|
9. f~wg A‡ÿÑ mgvšÍivj nqÑ TFC.
10. `xN©Kvjxb †gvU e¨‡qi mKj DcKiYÑ cwieZ©bkxj|
¯^íKvjxb I `xN©Kvjxb Drcv`b e¨q
1. `ªe¨ I †mev, Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ e¨qB n‡”QÑ Drcv`b
e¨q|
2. ¯^íKv‡j dv‡g©i e¨q mvaviYZÑ 2 ai‡bi|
3. ¯^íKv‡j †gvU LiP †iLv ïiæ nqÑ g~j we›`yi Ici
†_‡K|
4. ¯^íKv‡j SAC †iLv ‘U’ AvK…wZi nqÑ AFC +
AFC-i mgwó‡Z|
5. ‡gvU e¨q  †gvU Drcv`‡bi cwigvYÑ Mo e¨q|
6. ¯^jvKvjxb STC = TFC  TVC
7. `xN©Kvjxb LTC = TVC
8. `xN©Kv‡j w¯’i Dcv`vbÑ k~b¨|
9. `xN©Kv‡j Mo e¨q †iLvÑ Gbv‡fjvc|
10. AC me©wb¤œ nq hLbÑ AC = MC
¯^jKvjxb I `xN©Kvjxb Mo e¨q
1. ‡gvU w¯’i eªq Ges †gvU Drcv`‡bi fvMdj n‡jvÑ Mo
w¯’i e¨q|
2. `xN©Kv‡j LTC †iLvi AvK…wZ nqÑ g~jwe›`y n‡Z
Da٩Mvgx|
3. ¯^jvKvjxb Mo e¨q †iLviÑ 2wU Ask _v‡K|
4. ‡gvU Drcv`b †ewk ev Kg AcwiewZ©Z _v‡KÑ TFC
5. cÖvwšÍK LiP cÖKvk Kiv nqÑ
Q
TC


.
6. hš¿cvwZ I wewìs LiP n‡jvÑ †gvU w¯’i e¨q|
7. kÖwgK‡`i gRywi †eZb I R¡vjvwb n‡jvÑ †gvU
cwieZ©bkxj e¨q|
8. ¯^íKv‡j Mo e¨q †iLvi wØZxq As‡k _v‡KÑ Mo
cwieZ©bkxj e¨q|
Mo e¨q
1. cY¨ I †mevi cÖwZ GKK e¨q‡K e‡jÑ Mo e¨q|
2.
Q
LTC
Øviv eySv‡bv nqÑ LMC
3 Mo cwieZ©bxq e¨qÑ
Q
TVC
AVC =
4. GK GKK AwZwi³ c‡Y¨i Rb¨ †gvU e¨‡qi e„w×Ñ
cÖvwšÍK e¨q|
5. hLb AC me©wb¤œ ZLbÑ AC = MC.
6. MC †h nv‡i ev‡o AC †m nv‡i ev‡o bv A_©vrÑ
MC>AC.
7. ‘U’ AvK…wZi g‡Zv nqÑ AC †iLv|
8. AC I MC †iLvi g‡a¨ m¤úK©Ñ AC>MC, MC =
AC, MC > AC.
9. Mo e¨q †iLvwU cÖ_‡gÑ wb¤œMvgx nq|

11. PRO WITH SWADHIN
‡gvU Avq, Mo Avq I cÖvwšÍK Avq
1. ‡gvU Avq ej‡Z †evSvqÑ P  Q.
2. Drcvw`Z `ªe¨ wewµ K‡i Drcv`bKvix cvqÑ gybvdv ev
Avq|
3. cÖwZ GKK weµq K‡i we‡µZv †h Avq cvq Zv‡K e‡jÑ
Mo Avq
4. Ac~Y© cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRv‡iÑ AR > MR.
5. cÖvwšÍK AvqÑ
Q
TR
MR


= .
6. `vg (P)  weµ‡qi cwigvY (Q) – †gvU Avq|
7. AwZwi³ GK GKK weµq weµq K‡i cvqÑ cÖvwšÍK
Avq|