The document discusses hospital pharmacy, including its definition, objectives, functions, minimum standards, and organizational structure. It defines hospital pharmacy as the practice of pharmacy within a hospital and its facilities. The objectives are to ensure drug availability and quality, develop pharmacy staff skills, and coordinate with other hospital departments. Key functions are drug procurement, distribution, and information provision. Minimum standards address administration, facilities, drug control, information services, and quality assurance. The organizational structure diagram shows lines of authority within small and large pharmacy departments.

1. Hospital Pharmacy
Presented by
Dr. Md. Abdul Kader
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacy
Rajshahi University.

2. HOSPITAL PHARMACY
Hospital pharmacy may be defined as the practice of
pharmacy in a hospital including its organizationally related
facilities or services.
The hospital pharmacy is a department in which the drugs
are procured, stored, compounded, checked for quality,
dispensed, manufactured, packed and distributed to in-
patients and out-patients by competent and legally qualified
pharmacists.

3. Including all these traditional functions, modern system of
hospital pharmacy also provides broad responsibility for the
safe and appropriate use of drugs in patients’ monitoring,
dosing and control of the patients overall drug-therapy
program.

4. OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
The objectives of hospital pharmacy are: -----
1. To teach hospital pharmacists the ethics of hospital
pharmacy to assume responsibility for professional
practice.
2. To ensure the availability of the right medication at
reasonable cost.
3. To develop the scientific and professional aspects of the
practice of hospital pharmacist including his consulting
role, teaching role and his participation in the field of
research.
4. To develop the administrative or management skills and
other aspects essential for the hospital pharmacist for his
role as a department head.
5. To attract a greater number of qualified pharmacists in
hospital practice.

5. 6. To utilize the resources of hospital to help in
improvement of the department and profession as a
whole.
7. To plan, organize and implement pharmacy policies
and procedure to develop the department while
keeping established policies of the hospital.
8. To co-ordinate and co-operate with other
departments of a hospital.

6. FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
The hospital pharmacy must be considered as one of the many
departments of a hospital. So it has several basic functions that
have been approved by the American Hospital Association as a
“Statement on Functions of a Hospital Department.” The
functions of hospital pharmacy controlled by hospital
management are as follows: -----
1. To provide and evaluate service in support of medical care
pursuant to the objectives and policies of the hospital.
2. To implement for departmental services the philosophy,
objectives, policies and standards of the hospital.
3. To provide and implement a departmental plan of
administrative authority which clearly delineates
responsibilities and duties of each category of personnel.
4. To participate in and adhere to the financial plan of operation
for the hospital.

7. 5. To participate in the co-ordination of the functions of the
department with the functions of all other departments and
services of the hospital.
6. To estimate the requirements for the department and to
recommend and implement policies and procedures to
maintain an adequate and competent staff.
7. To provide the means and methods by which personnel can
work with other groups in interpreting the objectives of the
hospital and the department to the patient and community.
8. To develop and maintain an effective system of clinical and
administrative records and reports.
9. To estimate needs for facilities, supplies and equipment and
implement a system for evaluation, control and
maintenance.

8. 10 To initiate, utilize and participate in studies or research
projects designed for the improvement of patient care
and the improvement of other administrative and
hospital service.
11 To provide and implement a program of continuing
education for all personnel.
12 To participate in and facilitate all educational programs
which include student experiences in the department.
13 To participate in and adhere to the safety program of the
hospital.
14 To maintain an approved stock of antidotes and other
emergency drugs.
15 To dispense all narcotic drugs and alcohol and maintain
a perpetual inventory of them.

9. MINIMUM STANDARD FOR HOSPITAL
PHARMACY
Pharmaceutical services in institutions have numerous
components, the most prominent being
(1) The procurement, distribution, and control of all
pharmaceuticals used within the facility.
(2) The evaluation and dissemination of
comprehensive information about drugs and their
use to the institution's staff and patients.
(3) The monitoring, evaluation, and assurance of the
quality of drug use. These functions are carried out
in cooperation with other institutional departments
and programs.
The primary function of this document is to serve as a
guide for the development and provision of
pharmaceutical services in institutions.

10. A Hospital Pharmacy should meet the following standards-
Standard I: Administration: The pharmaceutical service shall be
directed by a professionally competent, legally qualified
pharmacist. He or she must be on the same level within the
institution's administrative structure as directors of other clinical
services. The director of pharmaceutical services is responsible
for:
(1) Setting the long- and short-range goals of the pharmacy based
on developments and trends in health care and institutional
pharmacy practice and the specific needs of the institution.
(2) Developing a plan and schedule for achieving these goals.
(3) Supervising the implementation of the plan and the day-to-day
activities associated with it.
(4) Determining if the goals and schedule are being met and
instituting corrective actions where necessary. The director of
pharmaceutical services, in carrying out these tasks, shall
employ an adequate number of competent and qualified
personnel

11. Standard II: Facilities : There shall be adequate space, equipment,
and supplies for the professional and administrative functions of
the pharmacy. Some other facilities are-
1.The pharmacy shall be located in an area (or areas) that facilitate
(s) the provision of services to patients. It must be integrated with
the facility's communication and transportation systems.
2.Space and equipment, in an amount and type to provide secure,
environmentally controlled storage of drugs, shall be available.
3.There shall be designated space and equipment suitable for the
preparation of sterile products and other drug compounding and
packaging operations.
4.The pharmacy should have a private area for pharmacist-patient
consultations. The director of pharmaceutical services should also
have a private office or area.
5.Current drug information resources must be available. These
should include appropriate pharmacy and medical journals and
texts and drug literature search and retrieval resources.

12. Standard III: Drug Distribution and Control : The pharmacy
shall be responsible for the procurement, distribution, and
control of all drugs used within the institution. This
responsibility extends to drugs and related services provided
to ambulatory patients. Policies and procedures governing
these functions shall be developed by the pharmacist with
input from other involved hospital staff (e.g. nurses) and
committees (pharmacy and therapeutics committee, patient-
care committee, etc.). In doing so, it is essential that the
pharmacist routinely be present in all patient-care areas and
contribute to medical and nursing procedures relating to
drugs.

13. Standard IV: Drug Information : The pharmacy is responsible
for providing the institution's staff and patients with
accurate, comprehensive information about drugs and their
use and shall serve as its center for drug information

14. Standard IV: Assuring Rational Drug Therapy : An
important aspect of pharmaceutical services is that of
maximizing rational drug use. In this regard, the pharmacist,
in concert with the medical staff, must develop policies and
procedures for assuring the quality of drug therapy.
Standard VI: Research : The pharmacist should conduct,
participate in, and support medical and pharmaceutical
research appropriate to the goals, objectives, and resources
of the pharmacy and the institution.

15. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PHARMACY
DEPARTMENT
With the selection and categorizing of the employees, it now becomes
essential to develop a chart showing the flow of administrative
authority. Obviously, in the very small departments, this is usually
generally understood and no problems arise.
However, in the large units with assistant chief pharmacists,
supervisors, and lay personnel, authority must be delegated by the
chief pharmacist. Sample distributions are depicted in the following
figures. Clearly this can and should be tailored to meet the specific
requirements of the department and hospital.

16. Fig (1-1). Departmental organization for small department

18. Administrative Services Division
1. Plan and coordinate departmental activities.
2. Develop policies.
3. Schedule personnel and provide supervision.
4. Coordinate administrative needs of the Pharmacy and
Therapeutics
Committee.
5. Supervise departmental office staff.