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Hopeful Heart Project
HEA539 – Program Planning
West Chester University of PA
02 March 2016
Group Members:
Adrienne DiBenedetto
Alyssa Duffy
Ruth Montesines
Elizabeth Shultz
Chelsey Spencer
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ROLE DELINEATION .................................................................................................................. 3
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 4
II. RATIONALE FOR PROGRAM AND ANALYSIS AND INDICATORS OF HEALTH
PROBLEM AND FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE HEALTH PROBLEM ............... 6
III. REVIEW OF HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM LITERATURE .................................. 20
IV. PROGRAM GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................................ 24
V. RESOURCES ......................................................................................................................... 25
VI. IMPLEMENTATION............................................................................................................. 30
VII. COMMUNICATION AND MARKETING PLAN .............................................................. 38
VIII. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................... 42
IX. APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................ 47
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Heart Disease Rates in Adults Ages 35+ By County (2011-2013) ............................... 14
Figure 2. Map of Coatesville, PA ................................................................................................. 18
Figure 3. Map of Coatesville, PA with Estimated Percent of all People who were African
American Between 2009-2013...................................................................................................... 19
Figure 4. Implementation Process of Hopeful Heart Project........................................................ 30
Figure 5. Logic Model for Hopeful Heart Project ........................................................................ 32
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Task Development Time Line ........................................................................................ 25
Table 2. Hopeful Heart Budget..................................................................................................... 26
Table 3. Lesson Schedule.............................................................................................................. 33
Table 4. Lesson Plan 1 .................................................................................................................. 34
Table 5. Lesson Plan 2 .................................................................................................................. 35
Table 6. Lesson Plan 3 .................................................................................................................. 36
Table 7. Lesson Plan 4 .................................................................................................................. 37
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ROLE DELINEATION
Section I (p. 4) - all group members
Section IIA. (p. 6) - Ruth Montesines
Section IIB. (p. 8) - Elizabeth Shultz
Section III. (p. 20) - Chelsey Spencer
Section IV. (p. 24) - all group members
Section V. (p. 25) - Adrienne DiBenedetto
Section VI. (p. 30) - all group members
Section VII. (p. 38) - Alyssa Duffy
Section VIII. (p. 42) - all group members
Combined all sections into one Health Promotion Program Plan - Ruth Montesines
Prepared PowerPoint - Chelsey Spencer
Bound Health Promotion Program Plan - Chelsey Spencer
Presented Health Promotion Program Plan - all group members
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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Cardiovascular disease
caused 48,070 deaths in women in 2009. African American women have high rates of obesity,
diabetes, and cardiovascular disease when compared to other races of women in the United
States and African American women in Coatesville have increased risk of heart disease when
compared to other races in the county. The leading cause of death in the state of Pennsylvania is
heart disease with 28.5% of all deaths in 2004. In 2004 Pennsylvania’s cardiovascular disease
death rate was 256.1 for women. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in Chester County
with heart disease causing 2,707 deaths with a rate of 164.8 in 2011.
There are various risk factors that the women of Coatesville should aware of. These risk
factors include social, biological, and behavioral. The two risk factors that the Hopeful Heart
Project will be focusing on include physical inactivity and unhealthy diets. Obesity is one
modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is very common in this target population.
Some major risk factors include: diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol levels, sedentary
lifestyle, tobacco use, and unhealthy diets. African American women in Coatesville may already
have many risk factors contributing to heart disease but may not have developed the disease yet.
The priority population to be served by the Hopeful Heart Project is the African
American women aged 30-54 years residing in Coatesville, PA. The health promotion program
plans to reach 75 women in this population with the goal of reducing the risk of cardiovascular
disease by providing these women with the skills and knowledge to live a healthier life. The
Hopeful Heart Project has two components: Healthy Food for the Soul and Movin’ and Praisin,’
which are nutrition and fitness health education classes, respectively. These classes focus on
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reducing and eliminating risky health behaviors, such as sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet,
which are considered modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease.
The implementation strategies for this faith-based program are to meet women in their
church community and include the church and church leaders into this program. The program
will begin with a focus group for men and women of the church. We will include men in the
focus group to provide different opinions and beliefs about heart disease prevention and to gain
the support of partners of women. The support of a partner or family member will provide
additional support for women to be successful in the program. There will food, tokens and
babysitting provided as incentives for meetings. The program will also provide pedometers and
YMCA memberships to encourage women to continue with physical activity following the
Hopeful Heart Project.
To market this program, social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, and
Instagram, will be used primarily, as well as advertisement at Sunday mass through church
bulletins. Social media platforms are an easy way for participants to learn more about the
program as well as communicate with other women in the program, and the organizers of the
program. The hashtag sign-- #HopefulHeart will be implemented on all social media platforms.
By using this hashtag, it makes the program easier to search and it also stands out from regular
words. It catches people’s attention and interest. Advertisements through flyers, church bulletins,
and Sunday service announcements by the pastor at Hutchinson Memorial Episcopal church will
also attract more participants.
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II. RATIONALE FOR PROGRAM AND ANALYSIS AND INDICATORS OF
HEALTH PROBLEM AND FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE HEALTH
PROBLEM
“A Rationale for the Hopeful Heart Project:
A Program to Enhance the Health of African American Women in Coatesville, PA”
According to the CDC, heart disease is the leading cause of death in African
American women in the United States and nearly 48% of African American women have some
form of cardiovascular disease that includes heart disease and stroke (CDC, 2015). Heart disease
continues to pose a serious health threat especially with 1 in 3 deaths caused by heart disease and
about 1 in 6 healthcare dollars is spent on heart disease (Million Hearts, 2015). On a local
county level, diseases of the heart was the number one cause of death in Chester County in 2012
(Chester County Health Department, 2015).
African American women aged 30 to 54 years living in Coatesville, Pennsylvania is the
priority population that will be served for the Hopeful Heart Project because according to the
U.S. Census, Coatesville was comprised of 46.4% African Americans (2010), with 33.4% of its
population below the poverty line (2009-2013), and a median household income of $35,113
(2009-2013) (U.S. Census, 2015). It is also important to note that in 2014, of persons aged 25
years and older, 45.6% had a high school diploma and a staggering 9.0% had a bachelor’s degree
or higher (U.S. Census, 2015). Also, according to the U.S. Census, in 2014, Coatesville was
comprised of mostly females (52.4%) compared to males (47.6%) and most of its population
ranged between the ages of 25-34 years old (14.6%), followed by 35-44 years old (12.9%), and
then by 45-54 years old (11.3%) (U.S. Census, 2015).
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These factors contribute to a health disparity in this population because health education
can be lacking and not having adequate resources, like money, access to healthcare, and grocery
stores with healthy options can pose as barriers.
The Hopeful Heart Project is a 12-week faith-based program that uses health education to
reduce the risk of heart disease in African American women residing in Coatesville, PA. The
project has two components: Healthy Food for the Soul and Movin’ and Praisin,’ a nutrition and
fitness education program, respectively. Two classes are offered per week, with the nutrition
class following Sunday services and the fitness education class offered on Wednesdays. Benefits
of the Hopeful Heart Program are a free full-year membership to the YMCA of Greater
Brandywine, close location, free child-care services during classes, and incentives, such as
pedometers, cookbooks, cook-off celebration, and tokens for public transportation.
The Hopeful Heart Project will be successful because it will be implemented using a
faith-based approach, knowing that the majority of the priority population has a
spiritual/religious background. By using a faith-based approach the program will hold most of its
educational classes and activities at Hutchinson Memorial Episcopal church, which is located in
Coatesville. With using a location that is familiar to our priority population, more participants
should be expected and will continue to take part in the program. Prayer before and after the
educational activities will be included to strengthen the faith-based approach as well as try to
include the pastor’s wife and other influential women of the church to participate, more likely
increasing morale. Conducting a focus group before implementing the program will also tailor
the program to the needs of our priority population and assess any barriers we might encounter.
Because there is a lack of knowledge about heart disease among African American
women compared to women from other ethnic groups (AHA, 2013), better efforts need to be
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made on educating this population. Despite the wealth of information on heart disease
prevention, there is still a large gap in health disparity associated with African American women
and heart disease. We need to bridge the disparity gap to ensure health equality for all
populations.
African American women have very high rates of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular
disease when compared to other women in the United States. There are a variety of factors that
contribute to these greater risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Poor nutrition and eating habits
as well as a lack of physical activity are the two greatest patterns that contribute to obesity and
cardiovascular disease. To decrease these women’s risk of cardiovascular disease these women
would need to modify their lifestyles by eating a healthier diet and exercising regularly. There is
a need for culturally appropriate interventions for African American women to help them modify
their lifestyle. When teaching the women in Coatesville it is important to communicate with the
women and form a support group for these women that they can relate to. When the women feel
comfortable and trust those who are running the program they may be more willing to continue
with the program and modify their lifestyles. Research studies have shown that African
American women were less motivated to engage in physical activity and to get women to be
more engaging would mean to increase their confidence in knowing how to properly exercise as
well as changing their behaviors towards exercise. Identifying cultural norms and constraints are
key when working with changing behaviors in African American women. Based on research it is
important to change the women’s behavior first in order to change their lifestyle.
In a study published by the American Journal of Public Health researchers found that social
patterns, especially education and income, had a great impact on the health of African American
women. Investigating the women of Coatesville’s socio economic status will be important for
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understanding the target population. By understanding socio economic levels of a target
population a better program can be developed based on the findings of the population. Those
who have lower income levels and fewer years of education tend to have more unhealthy
lifestyles including poor diets, inactivity, and smoking. Lower socio economic levels have been
associated with higher body mass index number, increased risk of diabetes and higher blood
pressure.
In a study conducted by Winham and Jones a cross-sectional survey was done to see
what knowledge level African American adults had about heart disease. Knowing the level of
knowledge that the women of Coatesville have about the dangers of heart disease will be
important for the success and direction of the program. In this study the Health Belief Model was
used because they believed that when the individuals felt susceptible to cardiovascular disease
that they would change their behaviors. This model can also be used for the program in
Coatesville to help engage the women into a lifestyle change. Educating women when they are
younger, or when they only have few risk factors for heart disease, is important for changing
their lifestyles to healthier habits. When women are educated early they can also pass this
education on to family and friends. Informing the target population on the health problems and
risks, first will be important for the program's success. The less education that individuals have
the less likely they will know the importance of health and how certain behavioral facts can also
be risk factors. Education on heart disease should include knowledge on risk factors and
awareness of warning signs for a heart attack for men and women.
The Women Take Heart study was a community based cohort study, based on the risk
factors of cardiovascular disease. Throughout this study it was emphasized on how important it
is for women to be aware of risk factors for heart disease and how these risk factors can greatly
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increase the risk of heart disease. Many risk factors for heart disease can be controlled and
modified, which would be important to emphasize to the women of Coatesville. This study also
showed that older women will use primary care more often than men, so encouraging the women
to keep using primary care and to take their families would also be important to include in the
educational portion of the program. Questionnaires were used for the Women Take Heart study
which may be helpful for the Coatesville program to see what knowledge base these women
have about heart disease and to better understand their lifestyles.
Since African American women have a greater mortality risk from heart disease than
other races it is important to focus on changing their lifestyles to live healthier lives. Some
researches found that lifestyle counseling based on the transtheoretical model and the social
cognitive theory could help encourage healthier lifestyles. Telephone counseling has shown to be
effective in changing behaviors in exercise and dietary behaviors which could also be an option
for the Coatesville program. Telephone delivery is very flexible for those conducting the
program and those participating. Behavioral counseling interventions have shown to help
patients improve their lifestyles with increasing physical activity and improving dietary choices.
Improving physical activity and dietary choices could increase the overall health of women who
are at a higher risk of heart disease, which are two main risk factors that the Coatesville program
is focusing on. Interventions can be very effective in community-based programs to reach a
target population. The intervention approach has the ability to reach larger numbers of
individuals who are at a high risk of chronic diseases.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States with around 610,000
deaths a year (1 in every 4). 26.6 million American adults are diagnosed with heart disease.
Among non-Hispanic African American women who are 20 years old or older 48.9% have
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cardiovascular disease. In 2009 cardiovascular disease caused 48,070 deaths in women. Also in
2009, the overall death rate from cardiovascular disease was 267.9 for African American women.
Among non-Hispanic blacks age 20 or older, 7.1% of women have coronary heart disease and
2.3% of women have had a myocardial infarction. In adults age 45-64 the average age-adjusted
incidence rate for CHD per 1,000 person years in African Americans is 5.1 for women. In 2009
CHD caused 19,470 deaths in African American females. The overall CHD death rate was for
women was 110.3. Angina is more common in women than men. 5.4% of black women have
angina. The rate for angina in black women is: 15.3 for ages 65-74, 23.6 for ages 75-84. 4.7% of
African American women have had a stroke. African American’s have a risk of first-ever stroke
that is almost twice of whites. During the years of 1990 to 2005 the incidence rate of stroke
decreased for whites but not for African Americans due to the changes in incidence of ischemic
stroke for blacks.
In 2009 stroke caused 8,916 deaths in African American women. In 2009 the overall
death rate for stroke was 50.2 for females. With high blood pressure, 47% of African American
women have high blood pressure and in 2009 it caused 6,951 deaths. In 2009 the death rate from
high blood pressure in women was 38.3. Among African American women 15.1% of females
smoke cigarettes. In women 20 years old or older 40.7% of women have a total blood cholesterol
level of 200 mg/dL or higher. The prevalence of inactivity was nationally higher in African
Americans (26.7%). The prevalence of watching television more than three hours per day was
highest among African American females. 53.9% of black women are obese (have a body mass
index of 30 kg/m2 or higher). 68.2% of Americans ages 20 or older are overweight or obese and
79.9% of African American women are overweight or obese. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus
in African American women is 15.4%. In a population of 20 years old or older 29% of African
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American women have pre-diabetes. In 2009 the death rate for diabetes mellitus in black women
was 35.9.
The leading cause of death in the state of Pennsylvania is heart disease. 28.5% of all
deaths in Pennsylvania in 2004 were caused by heart disease. Also in 2004 6% of the state’s
deaths were caused by stroke. Cardiovascular disease accounted for 46,686 of the total 126,602
deaths that occurred in 2004 with 25,528 of them being women. In 2004 Pennsylvania’s
cardiovascular disease death rate was 256.1 for women. The 2002-2004 cardiovascular disease
death rate in Chester County was lower than the rate for the state. During that time period
African American women had the third highest cardiovascular death rate in the state. The
cardiovascular disease cost for the state of Pennsylvania in 2005 was approximately $15.7
billion. Hospital charges for cardiovascular disease related diagnosis in 2005 had a high number
of cases (55,029) of congestive heart failure. In 2004 99 Pennsylvanians died from heart disease
each day. The median age at death in 2004 was 74 for African Americans. A higher number of
women (19,155) died from heart disease than men.
Heart disease rates for women in state were 192.3 in 2004. In 2005 the Pennsylvania
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey found that 12% of adults 35 years old or
older have reported that they had cardiovascular conditions (heart attack, heart disease, or
stroke). In 2005 women ages 35 years old or older had a 10% chance of being diagnosed with a
cardiovascular condition. Adults aged 35 years old or older with less than a high school
education had a significantly higher percentage of having heart attack, heart disease or stroke.
Adults 35 years old or older with a household income less than $50,000 had a higher percentage
of being told that they had had a heart attack, stroke or had heart disease. 3% of Pennsylvania
adults 35 years old or older reported in the 2005 survey that a physician had told them that they
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had a stroke. In the 2005 survey 27% of adults over the age of 18 said that they had been told by
a physician that they have high blood pressure. The survey also found that as age increased so
did the percentage of individuals with high blood pressure. 27% of adult females in the state
reported that they had high blood pressure. 37% of adult individuals in the state reported that
they had high cholesterol levels. The survey also found that as age increased so did the rate of
high cholesterol levels. 16% of individuals in Pennsylvania die annually from smoking related
causes (around 20,000 adults). 24% of Pennsylvania adults indicated that they were cigarette
smokers in 2005.
African American adults with a household income less than $75,000 had a higher
percentage of smoking. In 2005 774,000 adults 18 years old or older in Pennsylvania were
diagnosed with diabetes with African Americans having the highest rates of hospitalization for
diabetes. 13% of adults with less than a high school education reported that they had been told
that they had diabetes. In 2005 26% of Pennsylvania adults said that they had not engaged in any
physical activity in past months. Adults with less education and lower incomes reported higher
percentages for not engaging in any physical activity. Adult’s ages 30 years old or older had
higher percentages for being obese. African American women have the second highest stroke
death rate in Pennsylvania (during 2002-2004).
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in Chester County. Heart disease in 2011
caused 2,707 deaths with a rate of 164.8. This rate was the highest death rate in the county. In
ages 45-64 for Chester County heart disease caused 98 deaths (2011). Coatesville, Pennsylvania
has a percentage of 46.4 African Americans in their population. Women in Chester County aged
35-44 accounts for 34,457 females with 32,309 of those women being African Americans
(2011). 8% of Chester County adults reported that they had poor general health, which is lower,
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compared to Pennsylvania as a state at 16%. 56% of Chester County adults reported that they
were obese or overweight. Chester County residents also reported lower percentages of physical
activity.
Figure 1. Heart Disease Rates in Adults Ages 35+ By County (2011-2013)
In 2009-2011 the total number of death was 2,707 with a rate of 164.8 for heart disease in
Chester County. Stroke had a total of 532 deaths with a rate of 32.9. Diabetes mellitus had a total
of 173 with a rate of 10.5. Ages 25-44 had a total number of 124 deaths in 2001, with 18 of those
deaths being from heart disease. For individuals aged 45-64 in 2011, the total number of deaths
was 621, with 98 of those deaths being from heart disease and 22 of those being from stroke.
Adults in Chester County who were told that they had diabetes was 7%, 20% were obese, 55%
were overweight, 12% were current smokers, and 9% had poor general health.
There are various risk factors that contribute to women’s heart disease including social,
biological, and behavioral. Differences in access and quality of health care can contribute to the
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risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary intake and lack of physical activity are major risk factors
associated with heart disease especially with African American women. Socio economic status
and cultural attitudes also contribute to the health problem. Obesity is one modifiable risk factor
for cardiovascular disease and is very common in this target population. Some of the major risk
factors that this program is targeting include: diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol levels,
sedentary lifestyle, tobacco use, and unhealthy diets (high diet in saturated fats). African
Americans in Coatesville have increased risk of heart disease when compared to other races.
Family history and genetics can also be a risk factor that contributes to the health problem. Many
of the women in this program already have many of these risk factors but may not have
developed heart disease yet. Education and awareness is important for the women in this
population since many of the factors are behavioral and can be modified. Coatesville has a large
percentage of African American’s who are living in poverty, which would contribute to socio
economic status.
Unhealthy cooking habits and unhealthy diets are a large contribution to the problem of
heart disease. Since many of the women in this target population come from low income families
they may not have the financial stability to buy healthier items. Educating these women on
nutrition and healthier food items that they could substitute in the diets is important. Inactivity is
another condition that contributes to this health problem. Since many of these families are low
income they cannot afford a gym membership so they do not get proper physical activity.
Educating these women on simple exercises they can do at home and showing them walking
trails and outdoor parks where they could exercise for free would be important. One barrier that
this population may face is child care access. These women could take their children to the park
with them during warmer months so they both can get proper physical activity, and if these
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women are educated on exercises they can perform at home so childcare access will no longer be
a barrier.
St. Paul African Methodist Episcopal Church is an African American church located in
Coatesville. Including the pastor and other church leaders, as stakeholders would be important
because they could inform the women of the church about this program. Another African
American church in Coatesville is Hutchinson Memorial Union American Memorial Episcopal
Church. Rev. Jeffery A. Miller, Sr., Pastor would be important to include as a stakeholder
because he could also inform the church about the program. Members of local churches respect
their pastor’s and church leader’s views so it would be important to include them. Gaining
support for the program from the pastor’s wives would also be important since their wives are
also much respected in the church. Once the program has gained the trust of these local religious
pastors the program could ask the use the churches kitchens for cooking classes as part of the
program.
Women’s physicians from the local hospital ChesPenn Health Center in Coatesville
would be important stakeholders because they will know more information on the target
population of the program and know more of their needs. Dr. Meghan A. Ginty, M.D. and Dr.
Marianne Nikas, M.D. are both local women’s physicians in Coatesville. The Women's Center in
Coatesville would also be important to include as a stakeholder because they do offer fitness and
dietary/ nutrition counseling at their center. Having individuals who offer the fitness and dietary
counseling could come speak about their services to the women and provide more information on
how they help women in the community. Women from Coatesville who have suffered from heart
disease would be another great stakeholder to include. These women’s personal testimonies on
their experience will help motivate the woman and inspire them to take part in our program.
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Lakeisha Harris Executive Director of the Brandywine YMCA in Coatesville will know
people in the community and could connect us to women, as well as resources. Our program
targets women who have modifiable risk factors of heart disease and will focus on healthy eating
and physical activity. The YMCA has so many resources and experience with promoting an
active lifestyle. Jeanne E. Casner, MPH, PMP, County Health Director of Chester County Health
Department could give our program some resources on past health history of African American
women in Coatesville. The Chester County Health Department specializes in community
education and developing programs and services designed to promote healthy lifestyle such as
cardiovascular health. Jeanne E. Casner, MPH, PMP, would be a great resource to provide
information on other programs and locations in Chester County targeting African-American
women and heart disease. The local American Heart Association organization could provide
handouts, cook books and other educational pamphlets that could be given to women in the
program or to pastors to put in their churches.
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Figure 3. Map of Coatesville, PA with Estimated Percent of all People who were African
American Between 2009-2013
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III. REVIEW OF HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM LITERATURE
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious chronic disease that needs to be addressed
specifically in African American women. When most think of CVD they consider it to be a male
disease, but more women have been dying from heart disease each year compared to their male
counterpart (May Clinic 2011). According to the American Heart Association, African American
women are less likely to recognize the signs and symptoms related to CVD (AHA 2012). It is
important as health educators that we provide our target population of African American women
age 35-50, with awareness, knowledge, and skills to recognize and prevent heart disease. There
are some risk factors of CVD, such as family history, age, and gender than cannot be changed,
but most of the risk factors are modifiable and can be controlled by making lifestyle changes
(Adams 2015). Our program, as well as previous health promotion literature has focused on
modifying individuals behaviors with the hopes of reducing the risk of developing heart disease.
Focusing on African American women in Coatesville, the Hopeful Heart Project felt that it was
necessary to look at faith based programs that aim to modify individuals’ risk factors, such as
being overweight and, or obese by focusing on nutrition education, as well as the lack of physical
activity.
There are a lot of great health promotion programs that are faith-based or faith-placed and
have had successful results. Faith-based programs are interventions that are based on scripture,
which includes prayer, readings from the bible, and hymns or worship music. Faith- placed are
interventions that are held in a church, but not based on scripture (Williamson 2009). Both
interventions have been found to be successful in our target population. An example of a faith-
based exercise program is called “Let’s Get Moving, Let’s Get Praising” and included multiple
exercise activities, where Gospel music played during the sessions and always concluded with a
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prayer (Williamson 2009). Another program included nutrition education classes called “Bread
of Life” and provided participants with the knowledge and skills about various nutrition topics.
The program ended with “The Body is a Holy Temple” Healthy Eating Cook-off, which required
participants to prepare dishes using the skills and knowledge that they learned from the previous
nutrition program (Williamson 2009). Both of these faith -based programs were found to be
successful and were creatively tailored to the African American community. Since, these faith-
based programs were found to be successful, prayer, scripture and or worship will be appropriate
for the development of the Hopeful Heart Project. This program strives to do the same thing that
these previous faith-based health promotion programs did, but for the African American women
in Coatesville.
The program “Project Joy” conducted focus groups, as well as in-depth interviews with
the women that attended the church, focusing on lifestyle changes in African Americans (Yanek
2001). By allowing the target population to be a part of the planning process assured that the
intervention was culturally relevant. This method is very useful because involving the members
of the community that will be attending the program is essential in its effectiveness. Project Joy
also found that if the pastor’s wife supported the exercise program, attendance was high, whereas
programs where the pastor’s wife was not supportive, attendance was low (Yanek 2001).
Knowing the community that one is working with has proved to be very helpful and effective in
the Project Joy program.
An article by Gettleman also, used focus groups to develop an effective cardiovascular
disease prevention program for lower income women. The goals of this study was to receive
information from focus groups that would help in constructing and implementing a best practice
program specifically for the low income population (Gettleman 2000) The focus groups
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concluded that women prefer prevention programs that focus on modifiable risk factors of CVD,
that highlight a healthy lifestyle, and teach necessary skills and knowledge of how to achieve a
heart healthy lifestyle (Gettleman 2000). Hopeful Heart Project is also proving programs that
address modifiable risk factors of CVD in the hopes of decreasing ones risk in the African
American women in Coatesville. Gettleman’s study along with the Project Joy program focused
on the target population and took the time to figure out what the need was in the community.
This is an important piece of program planning and something that the Hopeful Heart Project
sees as a priority in order for the program to be successful.
Another study conducted by Butler-Ajibade, also reviewed the importance of including
pastors during the planning phase of a faith-based health promotion program. African Americans
have been resistant to participating in programs because of the history of mistrust in the health
care system (Butlet-Ajibade 2012) and getting the pastor of the church on board with the
program plan will help in the success of the program. Since, more than one article stressed the
importance of including pastors during the planning phase the Hopeful Heart Project intends on
involving the pastor of the church, where the intervention is being held. The pastor will be a key
stakeholder during the planning phases, as well as the implementation. By having the pastor
work closely with the health promotion program, the Hopeful Heart Project will have a better
chance of being successful.
In order to expose congregations with healthier options the Soul Food Health promotion
project provided meal preparation training and showed individuals how to make modifications in
the amounts of sodium, oil, and sugar (Butler-Ajibade 2012). This program was necessary
because there are many churches that provide meals after Sunday services that include greasy,
oily, high fat, heavily salted foods that negatively affect heart health (Butler-Ajibade 2012).
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Providing church members with healthier food options is a great step to decreasing the risk of
CVD and the Hopeful Heart Project intends on providing nutrition education to the target
population in hopes that these Sunday meals after the service will be modified.
The Hopeful Heart Project plans on implementing a nutrition education program, as well
as a physical activity program in the hopes of addressing two modifiable risk factors of CVD,
obesity and the lack of physical activity. An article called Tipping the Scales on Obesity:
Church-based Health Promotion for African American Women, discuses a program called
Project HEAL (Healthy Eating, Active Lifestyle) (Cooper 2015), that demonstrates similar goals
and objective as the Hopeful Heart Project. This program encourages interactions among peers
and weight loss was still seen in the participants during a one year follow-up. Culturally
appropriate dance was incorporated into the program (Cooper 2015), which helped contribute to
the successful weight loss. It is important that culturally appropriate methods are incorporated
into the Hopeful Heart Project in order to see results in our target population. This study proved
that culturally relevant interventions make a difference in participation and the success of a
program. It is important that the needs assessment of the target population, focus groups, and
stakeholders are used wisely during the planning phases of the Hopeful Heart project because all
of these recourse will help contribute to a successful program.
After reviewing all of the various health promotion programs there are a lot of crucial
elements that can be used in the Hopeful Heart Project. It is important as program planners to
review this literature carefully and use the suggestions that they provide when developing a
cardiovascular program for African American women in Coatesville. Knowing the needs of the
community and various programs that have been successful in the past is crucial to developing
an effective program. The health promotion literature has provided the Hopeful Heart Project
24. 24
with many fundamental elements and will hopefully prove to be a contributing factor to the
success of the program.
IV. PROGRAM GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Mission Statement:
To improve heart health and quality of life in African American women.
Program Goal:
To reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in African American women residing in Coatesville,
PA.
Program Objective:
Provide women with the skills and knowledge to live a healthier life.
Behavioral Objectives:
1. By the end of the Movin’ and Praisin’ program, 30% of the participants will continue
some form of physical activity on a weekly basis.
2. By September, at a three month review 15% of the participants will still be continuing
some form of physical activity on a weekly basis.
3. At the three month review, 20% of the participants will still be attending the YMCA of
Greater Brandywine at least twice a month.
4. After the completion of the Healthy Food for the Soul program, 35% of the participants
will include more fruits and vegetables into their diet.
Learning Objectives:
1. After completion of the Healthy Food for the Soul program, 25% of the participants will
be able to select healthy ingredients to create a nutritious meal.
2. By the end of the Movin’ and Praisin’ program, 30% of the participants will be able to
identify at least three exercises to perform at home.
3. After the Healthy Food for the Soul program, women will have the knowledge to read
nutrition labels and use correct portions.
25. 25
V. RESOURCES
A task development time line will be used to identify resources and prioritize necessary
tasks in order to implement the Hopeful Heart program.
Table 1. Task Development Time Line
Hopeful Heart Program Implementation: January - December
Hopeful Heart
Timeline JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC
Hire Professional staff X
Establish partnerships X X X X
Program announcements at church X X X
Establish social media accounts X
Updatesocial media accounts X X X X X X X X X X X
Develop flyers, PSA, press release X X
Post flyers X X
Focus Group X
Develop pre-test and post-test X X X X X X X X X
Pilot test pre-test X X
Pilot test post-test X X X
Administer pre-test X
Purchase/register for YMCA memberships X
Purchase pedometers X
Movin’ and Praisin’ program X X X
Healthy Food for theSoul program X X X
Recruit church volunteers for babysittingor
focus group, Healthy Food for theSoul
Program, post-test day
X X X X X
Administer 3 month post-test X X
Program Evaluation X X X
27. 27
Budget Justification
Personnel Costs
Executive Director: The executive director will be responsible for the overall management of
Hopeful Heart Program, supervision of staff and establishing community partnerships. The
executive director will spend five percent of time on the Hopeful Heart program and cost will be
$3,500 (0.05 FTE at $70,000).
Program Director: The program director is responsible for day to day activities of Hopeful Heart
Program as well as the Healthy Food for the Soul program. The education required for this
position is a nutritionist with Masters of Public Health (MPH) and certified CHES. This position
is 40 hours per week to manage Healthy Food for the Soul program, establish and maintain
community partnerships and manage daily program activities. According to salary genius
(2016), the average salary for Nutritionist with MPH in Coatesville is $54,943. This position
requires additional responsibilities as program director and the salary is increased from the
average salary for this position and will cost $60,000.
Fitness Trainer: The fitness trainer is responsible for physical education and exercise instruction
in this program. This position is 40 hours per week and the fitness trainer will be responsible for
planning nutrition classes, exercise instruction and establishing and maintaining the partnership
with Brandywine YMCA. According to salary genius (2016), the average salary for a
Kinesiologist in Coatesville is $54,943. The fitness trainer responsibilities will be less compared
to program director and this position will cost $50,000.
Administrative Assistant: The administrative assistant is responsible for administrative duties as
well as maintaining database for program participant contact information, printing all educational
28. 28
materials, ordering pedometers, ordering food and volunteers for babysitting. The administrative
assistant position is 40 hours per week and the salary for the administrative assistant is $20,000.
Volunteers: The administrative assistant will recruit volunteers from Hutchinson Memorial
Episcopal church that are not participating in the program to volunteer for babysitting. The
volunteers will babysit during the focus group, Sundays during Healthy Food for the Soul
program, and post program surveys days. There will be food provided to volunteers as an
incentive for babysitting.
Operating Expenses
Office/Meeting Space: The office and meeting space for nutrition classes is in space at
Hutchinson Memorial Episcopal church. The cost is an in-kind contribution of $7,000.
Utilities: The utilities are included with the space donation of Hutchinson Memorial Episcopal
church. This is an in-kind contribution of $2,000.
Telephone/Internet: Telephone and internet costs are in-kind contribution of $1,000 from church
and the program cost is $1,000.
Printing: All program flyers, training materials and handouts will be printed. The estimated
costs for printing is $3,000.
Office Supplies: The office supplies will consist of general office items needed to facilitate
training and office activities such as pens, pencils, writing pads, binders, and markers. The
estimated costs for office supplies for the year are $1,000.
Equipment: Equipment includes laptop computers and cell phones for staff. The laptop
computers will be used by the program director and administrative assistant for maintaining
schedules, email correspondence and maintaining contact information for program
participants. The program director, fitness trainer, and administrative assistant will each have a
29. 29
cell phone. The cell phones are necessary for texting program reminders to program
participants. The costs for equipment is $2,000.
Travel/Mileage: The mileage includes driving to meetings at YMCA, church and purchasing
incentives. The standard mileage rate for business driving in PA is estimated at 0.54 cents a mile
and the total mileage costs is $500.
Insurance (liability): This fee is the professional liability insurance that would be applied to the
paid employees. The liability costs are $2,000.
Program Incentives: The program incentives include food and tokens for focus groups, food for
healthy cook-off and volunteers, and post-test follow up day and the cost is $2,000. Each
participant will be given a pedometer. The cost of each U-Go Step Pedometer is $2.79. The plan
is to purchase extra 100 pedometers in the event that participants break or lose their pedometer
and the cost is $280.
Marketing: The marketing will include flyers, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram and the costs are
$2,000.
YMCA memberships: The YMCA provides discounted memberships for low-income individuals
and the cost is $250 for 12 month membership for 75 participants. The cost for 75 memberships
is $18,750.
AHA incentives: AHA provides free give-a-ways for community programs. The AHA provides
free heart healthy cookbooks, spatulas, and cutting boards to encourage healthy eating free of
charge. These incentives will be given at end of program.
Trainings: Professional trainings for program director and nutritionist are $2,000 for the year.
Professional Fees: This cost covers CHES professional membership dues for the program
director and the cost is $55 for the year.
30. 30
VI. IMPLEMENTATION
The Logic Model is used to communicate program activities and the desired outcomes of
the program for the Hopeful Heart Project. The logic model is followed by the implementation
process of the Hopeful Heart Project.
Figure 4. Implementation Process of Hopeful Heart Project
On the first Sunday of January, there will be an invitation announced at Hutchinson Memorial
Episcopal church following services for women to join focus group for Hopeful Heart
program. These announcements will be made following every church service until the date of
the focus group. Spouses are encouraged to attend focus groups. It is important to have the
involvement of spouse because they may be a support person for the individual. The focus group
will be conducted on the 3rd Sunday of January, and will be 1 hour in length and providing
babysitting, food and tokens.
⇓
All interested women will be encouraged to invite a female friend or family member to the
program. Program enrollment will begin in February for American Heart month and take
place from 3rd week of February through 2nd week of March. Enrollment will close early if
goal of 75 women has been met.
⇓
In order to confirm enrollment, the administrative assistant will have women complete an
information sheet with name, home address, date of birth, phone number, email address and
social media (facebook, twitter, instagram) account information. Participants will specify their
preferred method of contact on this form.
⇓
The administrative assistant will send text reminders or preferred method of contact to
participants approximately 24 hours prior to Sunday and Wednesday classes. The program
reminders will be sent through text messages unless otherwise specified by participant.
⇓
31. 31
The program is scheduled to begin the first Sunday of April for 12 consecutive
weeks. Healthy Food for the Soul Program will meet every Sunday following Sunday service
at Hutchinson Memorial Episcopal church for nutrition education and cooking instruction. On
this first day of the program, participants will be given a pre-test to assess nutrition and
physical activity knowledge prior to program. There will be free child care services at church
during the Healthy Food for the Soul program.
At the first program meeting, participants will be given a pedometer. This will not be
monitored as part of the program however it will be given as an incentive for participants to
monitor walking outside of the program. The goal is to have participants continue to use
pedometer to encourage walking once participant completes program.
⇓
On the following Wednesday, the Movin’ and Praisin’ program will begin at the Upper
Brandywine YMCA. This meeting will require extra time in order to complete YMCA sign
ups. The fitness instructor and administrative assistant will be facilitating these signs up with
YMCA staff members. The program will meet every Wednesday at the YMCA for physical
activity education and instruction. Each Movin’ and Praisin’ class will begin with bible verse
and prayer and use gospel music during exercise instruction classes. Since participants will be
YMCA members, the Childwatch program at the YMCA will provide free babysitting services
during Movin’ and Praisin’ program.
⇓
At the week 12 Sunday class, there will be a post-test administered to assess nutrition and
physical activity knowledge. The program participants will participate in a Healthy Cook-off
to celebrate the end of the program. The healthy cook-off is a fun way to allow program
participants to use their knowledge and healthy recipes from the program to cook for family
and other participants. At the end of the program, participants will be asked to update their
contact information for the 3 month post-program follow up.
⇓
On the last Sunday of the program, participants will be given free heart healthy cookbooks,
cutting boards, and spatulas donated to the program through the American Heart
Association. Participants will be encouraged to continue to exercise at the YMCA and to use
pedometers to track walking distance.
⇓
32. 32
There will be a post-program follow up in September, approximately 3 months following the end
of the program. Participants will return to Hutchinson Memorial Episcopal church and begin this
meeting with bible verse and prayer and then subjects will complete 3 month post-program
follow up to assess current eating and exercise habits. Food and tokens for transportation will be
provided to participants.
Figure 5. Logic Model for Hopeful Heart Project
Inputs Outputs Short-Term Mid-Term Long-Term
Outcomes Outcomes Outcomes
→→
→ → →
→
→ → → →
→ → →
→
Personnel
Funding
Pedometers
YMCA
membership
s
Church
Nutrition
Educational
materials
Exercise
Educational
materials
Educate
church
about the
program
Free
education
about
healthy
eating
habits and
exercise to
prevent
heart
disease
Establish
partnerships
with
stakeholders
Free
exercise and
cooking
classes
Change in
awareness
and
knowledge
of program
Change in
knowledge
and
motivation
about heart
disease
prevention
Program
partners
identified
and aware
of
program
Education
sites
established
at church
and YMCA
Increase in
motivation
and
behavior
change with
church
pastor and
wife
involvement
Increase in
knowledge
of heart
disease
prevention
Increase in
healthy
cooking and
eating
habits,
increase in
physical
activity
Heart
disease
prevention
Decreased
behaviors
that
contribute
to heart
disease
Improved
quality of
life for
women
33. 33
Table 3. Lesson Schedule
Week Class
1 Sunday Class (Nutrition): “Portion Distortion”- CDC
Wednesday Class (Exercise): At Home Exercises
2 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Nutrition Facts
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Walking/Stretching
3 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Healthy Grocery Shopping
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Zumba
4 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Recipes Overview
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Spinning
5 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Fruits: Benefits and Preparation
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Aerobics
6 Sunday Class (Nutrition) : Vegetables: Benefits and Preparation
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Spinning
7 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Grains and Fiber
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Zumba
8 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Salt/Sodium
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Walking
9 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Shop ‘Til You Drop (the Fat)
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Aerobics
10 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Holiday Eating
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Spinning
11 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Dining Out
Wednesday Class (Exercise): Zumba
12 Sunday Class (Nutrition): Healthy Cook-off Celebration
Note: Week 1 and Week 2 Lesson Plans are found in the following tables.
34. 34
Table 4. Lesson Plan 1
Title of Program: Healthy Food for the Soul
Title of Lesson: Portion Distortion
Unit: 1 Lesson: 1
Priority Population: African American women with CVD modifiable risk factors
Length of Lesson: 1 hour
Resources and References Content Teaching Method
National Heart, Lung, and Blood
Institute: Portion Distortion
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health
/educational/wecan/eat-right/portion-
distortion.htm
Introduction: Ice breaker activity to get to know the women in the
group and talk about their favorite foods.
Body:
1. PowerPoint- Slideshow I- Portion Distortion
2. PowerPoint- Slideshow II- Portion Distortion
3. Review of the materials and what they learned
Conclusion: End with a discussion about portion sizes and how they
can still eat some of their favorite foods, but maybe do so in
moderation.
This lesson will use visual
interactive pictures and questions
to teach women about portion size.
Interactive Method: teacher will
be using Portion Distortion
Interactive Quizzes Slides Sets,
which can be found in the
appendix.
Evaluation: Pretest questionnaire/survey given before the class (knowledge questions about portion size)
Post-Test: Same questionnaire/survey given after the class
35. 35
Table 5. Lesson Plan 2
Title of Program: Movin’ and Praisin’
Title of Lesson: At Home Exercises
Unit: 1 Lesson: 2
Priority Population: African American Women with CVD modifiable risk factors
Length of Lesson: 1 hour
Resources and References Content Teaching Method
University of Missouri Extension: Stay
Strong Stay Healthy Mini Poster
http://extension.missouri.edu/explorep
df/miscpubs/mp0696.pdf
Introduction: Lecture on the importance of daily exercise to decrease
the risk of cardiovascular disease. Easy exercises that can be
performed at home will be demonstrated. These exercises do not
require any equipment that is not already in the home.
Body:
Exercises Include:
1. Side hip raise
2. Toe stand/ standing leg curl
3. Seated knee extension
4. Seated forward bend
5. Wide leg squat with chair
Each participant will be observed to see if they are performing the
exercises correctly.
Conclusion:
This lesson will end with a brief recap on the importance of exercising
daily to improve health.
Interactive method: This lesson
will be interactive. The women of
the program will be participating
in demonstrations of simple
exercises. Pictures with examples
of the exercises demonstrated will
be given to each participants to
take home. The pictures will have
step by step demonstrations on
how to properly perform the
exercises.
Pictures of the exercises can be
found in the appendix.
Lecture method: There will also be
a lecture to educate the women on
the importance of engaging in
physical activity and how simple
exercises can be done at home.
Evaluation: With a lecture and interactive exercise the women will be engaging and leave the program with the knowledge to perform these exercises
at home. Pictures of the exercises with step by step instructions will be given to participants to take home.
36. 36
Table 6. Lesson Plan 3
Title of Program: Healthy Food for the Soul
Title of Lesson: Nutrition Facts
Unit: 1 Lesson: 3
Priority Population: African American women with CVD modifiable risk factors
Length of Lesson: 1 hour
Resources and References Content Teaching Method
Label Logic: Understanding Nutrition
Facts Labels
http://www.uwex.edu/ces/flp/documen
ts/label_logic_lesson.final.pdf
READ IT before you EAT IT! poster
http://www.fns.usda.gov/sites/default/f
iles/readit_poster.pdf
How to Understand and Use the
Nutrition Facts Label
http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsP
ackagingLabeling/LabelingNutrition/u
cm274593.htm
Introduction: Assess how many participants look at and read nutrition
labels when they go food shopping.
Body:
1. ANCHOR activity (Mystery Cans)
Objective: Connect information found on food labels to
participants’ lives by listing the kinds of information that can
be found on food labels and identifying what information they
use on food labels
2. ADD activity (Label Logic)
Objective: Identify the items that comprise a nutrition facts
label including serving size, calories, and nutrients and
understand the “5-20” Rule and how it can be used to compare
similar foods
Conclusion: End with a discussion about what they did not know about
nutrition facts before and how the knowledge learned during this
lesson will change the way they eat and go food shopping.
Interactive Method: Participants
will be working with different
materials such a food cans,
nutrition labels, using tactile and
visual learning. There will be
movement around the room during
the lesson, so socialization will
also be encouraged for better
learning.
All material needed and directions
for the activities can be found in
the appendix.
Evaluation: After lesson, participants will be given two nutrition fact labels and they have to distinguish which label is the healthier choice and why.
37. 37
Table 7. Lesson Plan 4
Title of Program: Movin’ and Praisin’
Title of Lesson: Stretching/Walking
Unit: 1 Lesson: 4
Priority Population: African American Women with CVD modifiable risk factors
Length of Lesson: 1 hour
Resources and References Content Teaching Method
Mayo Clinic: A Guide to Basic
Stretches
http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-
lifestyle/fitness/multimedia/stretching/
sls-20076840?s=1
Introduction: Assess how many women stretch before physical activity
and ask the participants to name walking trails or parks they know of
around their area.
Body:
1. Proper stretching techniques will be taught and practiced during first
30 minutes of class.
2. Stretches that will be taught: calf stretch, quadriceps stretch,
hamstring stretch, iliotibial band (ITB) stretch, knee-to-chest stretch,
shoulder stretch, shoulder stretch with towel, and neck stretch.
3. Walking track at YMCA for last 30 minutes of class.
Conclusion: Participants will be able to use what they learned about
stretching in the walking portion of this lesson.
This class will be an interactive
class. Participants will be able to
practice stretches and ask
questions before starting the
walking portion of the class.
Pictures of the exercises can be
found in the appendix.
Evaluation: At the conclusion of the lesson, women will have a better understand or proper stretching techniques to perform before physical activity.
When evaluating this, at the 3 month review survey, women will be asked if they continue to stretch. Also, throughout the program, if participants are
sore from physical activity, it could allude to improper stretching.
38. 38
VII. COMMUNICATION AND MARKETING PLAN
Social Media is going to play a huge role in the marketing of the Hopeful Heart
Project. (See Below.) This is because we are living in a time where everything needs to be
quick and convenient and social media allows for that. Everything is at the tip of our
fingertips on smartphones, and that is the quickest way to reach a consumer.
Outside of the Social Media Marketing plan, recruitment flyers will be posted on the
church bulletin at Hutchinson Memorial UAME Church (Place) to market the ‘Product’, or
Hopeful Heart program. Interested participants may rip off a small paper at the bottom of the
flyer to call the program’s phone line for any questions they may have. Blurbs about the
program will also be placed in the program guides for Sunday mass for all to see.
Having the pastor as a stakeholder for Hopeful Heart allows for good communication
and networking opportunities. Every Sunday, he will make an announcement at Sunday mass
to advertise for the program. He will begin to announce it for recruitment of the focus group,
and then on out through the completion of the program. Within the 4 P’s of marketing, these
actions to spread the word of the Hopeful Heart program are categorized as ‘Promotion.’
There is no ‘Price’ to ask the pastor to make announcements or to add a blurb into the church
bulletin; social media is also cost-free.
Public Service Announcement
It’s the silent killer.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in African-American women.
Only about 50% of African American women are aware that heart disease is their greatest
health risk.
39. 39
80% of heart disease events can be prevented by lifestyle changes.
(Pause)
Join us in the fight against heart disease with the Hopeful Heart Project, where we aim to
improve the heart health and quality of life of African American women of Coatesville,
Pennsylvania.
The more knowledge you have, the better prepared you are.
Information will be posted on your church bulletin.
Press Release
Coatesville, PA----- New heart healthy program coming to Coatesville.
Hopeful Heart is on a mission to combat heart disease in women even before one
would show symptoms. This program is targeting African American women, ages 30-54.
They are doing this through ‘Healthy Food for the Soul’ and ‘Movin’ and Praisin’.’ Both
programs aim to modify the lifestyle behaviors that most women are struggling with.
Healthy Food for the Soul consists of multiple classes, all covering different health
topics that everyone needs to know. For example, how to read a nutrition label, or how to
most efficiently shop smart at the grocery store. The Program aims to modify the way women
eat and provide them with knowledge and skills to eat a way that will lessen their risk for
heart disease in the future. Classes are every Sunday, following Sunday mass at the
Hutchinson Memorial UAME Church at 825 E Chestnut St, Coatesville, PA 19320. This class
runs for 60 minutes, for a total of 12 classes in 12 weeks.
Movin’ and Praisin’ is the other component of the Hopeful Heart Project. This
program aims to change the physical activity of women. The classes include different exercise
classes, such as a walking class, a spinning class and an at-home exercise tutorial. All in
40. 40
efforts to increase women’s physical activity in their everyday lives. This class runs
Wednesday evenings at the Greater Brandywine YMCA. Address: 295 Hurley Road,
Coatesville, PA 19320. This class runs for a total of 11 classes in 12 weeks.
At completion of the program, in mid-June, there are plans to have a Celebration
Cook-Off to celebrate the women and all that they have learned. Cook-off to take place at the
Hutchinson Memorial UAME Church. More details to follow.
Recruitment Flyer
See full size flyer in appendix.
Social Media Marketing Plan
In this era of technology, all successful programs and campaigns include Social
Media. To market the Hopeful Heart Project, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram will be used.
This is an easy way for participants to learn more about the program as well as communicate
with other women in the program, and the organizers of the program. The hashtag sign--
#HopefulHeart will be implemented on all social media platforms. By using this hashtag, it
makes the program easier to search and it also stands out from regular words. It catches
people’s attention and interest.
A Facebook page will be created—Hopeful Heart Project, which participants can
“Like.” By “liking” the page, this will allow the women to see all that goes on the page such
as upcoming classes, class content, recipes, and exercises. This will likely be the most popular
form of social media for our target population. Liking the page also gives the women another
method of contact to get in touch with our staff. From this Facebook page, events will be
created for all of the classes and the cook-off. Women will get invited through the Facebook
41. 41
page and they are able to RSVP to each class. When participants RSVP ‘yes’ to the event,
they will automatically get any updates or changes that are made about the class. Things such
as a time change, or if a location change is necessary. Pictures and updates will also be added
to this page so participants can stay current on what’s going on within the program, or to look
at past program implementation.
An Instagram account will be created for participants that use Instagram. Women can
follow the account where pictures will be posted throughout the program. For example, after a
class where a recipe is implemented, staff may post an end result of the final meal. The
hashtag will be used throughout the Instagram account very frequently. It’s encouraged for
participants to post pictures as well and use the hashtag. When participants use the hashtag, it
will allow the pictures to easily be searchable by all, including staff because they will all be in
one place under the hashtag.
Twitter will allow the program’s staff to consistently update participants and others on
the happenings of the program. Participants can ‘follow’ the account and they will see all
‘tweets’ made by program staff. Similar to the Instagram account, the hashtag,
#HopefulHeart, will be used very often. This also makes ‘tweets’ easier to search when the
hashtag is used. The Twitter account will be helpful when staff wants to send out quick
updates, or statistics.
42. 42
VIII. REFERENCES
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program to promote physical activity among African American women. Nursing For
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American Heart Association (AHA). (2012). Cardiovascular disease: Women’s No. 1 health
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in african american women. ABNF Journal, 24(4), 92-97.
Butler-Ajbade, P., Booth, W., & Burwell, C. (2012). Partnering with the Black Church:
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Chester County Health Profile 2013. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2016, from
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Cooper, K. C. King, M. A., & Sarpong, D. F. (2015). Tipping the scales on obesity: church-
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A Quarterly Publication Of Nurses Christian Fellowship, 32(1), 41-45.
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Furumoto-Dawson, A. A., Pandey, D. K., Elliott, W. J., de Leon Mendes, C. F., Al-Hani, A.
J., Hollenberg, S., & Black, H. R. (2003). Hypertension in women: the women take
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Gettleman, L, & Winkleby, M. A. (2000). Using Focus Groups to Develop a Heart Disease
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Heart Disease Statistics at a Glance - Go Red for Women. (2016). Retrieved February 24,
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disease/facts_about_heart_disease_in_women-sub-category/statistics-at-a-glance/
Heart Disease Fact Sheet. (2015). Retrieved February 16, 2016, from
http://cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_heart_disease.htm
Hickson, D. A., Diez Roux, A. V., Gebreab, S. Y., Wyatt, S. B., Dubbert, P. M., Sarpong, D.
F., & Taylor, H. A. (2012). Social patterning of cumulative biological risk by
education and income among African Americans. American Journal Of Public Health,
102(7), 1362-1369. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300444.
Mayo Clinic. (2016). Fitness. Retrieved February 28, 2016, from
http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/multimedia/stretching/sls-
20076840
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